CH713830A2 - Exhaust after treatment system and internal combustion engine. - Google Patents

Abstract

Exhaust after-treatment system (3) of an internal combustion engine, namely SCR exhaust aftertreatment system, with an SCR catalytic converter (9) accommodated in a reactor chamber (10) with an exhaust gas feed line (8) leading to the reactor chamber (10) and thus to the SCR catalytic converter (9), with an exhaust gas discharge line (11) leading away from the reactor chamber (10) and thus from the SCR catalytic converter (9), to an introduction device (16) assigned to the exhaust gas supply line (8) for introducing a reducing agent, in particular ammonia or an ammonia precursor substance, into the Exhaust gas, and with a of the exhaust gas supply line (8) downstream of the introduction device (16) provided mixing section (18) for mixing the exhaust gas with the reducing agent upstream of the reactor chamber (10) or SCR catalyst (9). The exhaust aftertreatment system (3) has a plurality of blowing devices (24), which serve to blow the SCR catalyst (9). Further, the exhaust aftertreatment system (3) comprises a pressure accumulator (25) common to the blowing devices (24) and extending around the SCR catalyst (9) and around the blowing devices (24) in a circular or polygonal manner, the blowing devices (24) starting from the common pressure accumulator (25) with a medium for blowing out the SCR catalytic converter (9) can be supplied.

Description

Description: [0001] The invention relates to an exhaust aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the invention relates to an internal combustion engine with an exhaust aftertreatment system.

In combustion processes in stationary internal combustion engines, which are used for example in power plants, as well as combustion processes in non-stationary internal combustion engines, which are used for example on ships, resulting in nitrogen oxides, these nitrogen oxides typically in the combustion of sulfur-containing fossil fuels such Coal, hard coal, lignite, petroleum, heavy oil or diesel fuels are produced. Therefore, such internal combustion engines are assigned exhaust aftertreatment systems that serve the cleaning, in particular the denitrification, of the exhaust gas leaving the internal combustion engine.

To reduce nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas are known in practice exhaust gas aftertreatment systems primarily so-called SCR catalysts are used. In an SCR catalyst, a selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides takes place, whereby ammonia (NH3) is required as a reducing agent for the reduction of the nitrogen oxides. The ammonia or an ammonia precursor substance, such as urea, for this purpose, is introduced into the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR catalyst in liquid form, with the ammonia or the ammonia precursor substance being mixed with the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR catalytic converter. For this purpose, mixing paths between the introduction of the ammonia or of the ammonia precursor substance and the SCR catalyst are provided according to the practice.

Although with known from practice exhaust aftertreatment systems comprising an SCR catalyst, already successful exhaust aftertreatment, especially a nitrogen oxide reduction, can be done, there is a need to further improve the exhaust aftertreatment systems. In particular, there is a need to allow for a compact design of such exhaust aftertreatment systems effective exhaust aftertreatment.

On this basis, the present invention seeks to provide a novel exhaust aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine with such an exhaust aftertreatment system.

This object is achieved by an exhaust aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system according to the invention has a plurality of blowing devices, which are preferably arranged within the reactor space and serve for blowing out the SCR catalytic converter, wherein the blowing devices extend from the common pressure reservoir, which extends in a circle or polygon around the SCR catalytic converter and around the blowing devices, be supplied with a medium for blowing out the SCR catalyst. The invention is based on the finding that an SCR catalyst of an exhaust aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine, with z. B. is operated with heavy oil or residual oil, tends to blockage. Thus, in the exhaust gas of such internal combustion engines, there is a high proportion of ash or soot, the ash or soot precipitating in the region of the SCR catalyst and leading to clogging of the SCR catalytic converter. To counteract this, there are the blowing devices which serve to blow out the SCR ash and soot catalyst.

According to the prior art, in which the blowing devices are connected in series to a pressure line, depending on the position of the respective blowing devices in the supplying compressed air system form different pressure conditions in their activation. This is caused by different gas volumes and run lengths before the different blowing devices, resulting in different pressure drops and / or return waves different pressure peaks. The consequence of this is that significantly different cleaning effects can be achieved via the blowing devices.

In contrast, the blowing devices according to the invention can be uniformly supplied with the medium for blowing out the SCR catalyst from a common annular or polygonal pressure accumulator. As a result of this symmetrical arrangement, pressure drops and elevations are virtually identical for all blowing devices, as a result of which they achieve an identical cleaning effect. This is particularly advantageous for blowing out the SCR catalyst of ash and soot.

Preferably, starting from the common pressure accumulator to each blowing device extends a supply line through which the respective blowing device can be supplied with the medium for blowing the SCR catalytic converter, wherein preferably each is associated with a switchable valve. Through the supply lines extending from the common, circular or polygonal pressure accumulator to the blowing devices, all the blowing devices can be easily and reliably supplied with the medium for blowing the SCR catalyst, again ensuring a uniform pressure drop in the region of each blowing device.

According to an advantageous development of the common pressure accumulator extends outside the reactor space around the reactor space around, with each supply line extending from the pressure accumulator through a wall of the reactor chamber through to the blowing device. Then, when the common pressure accumulator also extends around the reactor space, the same is positioned outside the actual reactor space, in which case the supply lines extend through the wall of the reactor space, around the blowing devices arranged in the reactor space with the medium for blowing out the SCR catalyst to supply.

According to an advantageous development, the common pressure accumulator extends in the direction of rotation closed to the SCR catalyst and preferably positioned in the reactor chamber blowing devices around, wherein the common pressure accumulator is preferably formed as a circular or polygonal-like tube which is closed in the circumferential direction to the SCR catalyst and around the blowing chamber positioned in the reactor chamber and preferably in the direction of rotation extends around the reactor chamber around closed. By means of a pressure accumulator closed in the direction of rotation, that is to say a pressure accumulator which is not interrupted at any circumferential position, all blower devices can be particularly advantageously supplied with the medium for blowing out the SCR catalytic converter.

The inventive internal combustion engine is defined in claim 9.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:

1 shows a schematic, perspective view of an internal combustion engine with an exhaust aftertreatment system according to the invention;

Fig. 2: a detail of the exhaust aftertreatment system of Fig. 1;

3 shows a detail from the exhaust aftertreatment system according to the invention;

Fig. 4 shows a detail of a modified inventive exhaust aftertreatment system.

The present invention relates to an exhaust aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine, such as a stationary internal combustion engine in a power plant or on a ship used, non-stationary internal combustion engine. In particular, the exhaust aftertreatment system is used on a heavy fuel oil marine diesel engine.

Fig. 1 shows an arrangement of an internal combustion engine 1 with a Abgasturboaufladungssystem 2 and an exhaust aftertreatment system 3. In the internal combustion engine 1 may be a transient or stationary internal combustion engine, in particular a transiently operated marine engine. Exhaust gas leaving the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 1 is used in the exhaust gas charging system 2 in order to obtain from the thermal energy of the exhaust gas mechanical energy for compression of the internal combustion engine 1 to be supplied charge air.

Thus, Fig. 1 shows an internal combustion engine 1 with a Abgasturboaufladungssystem 2, which comprises a plurality of exhaust gas turbocharger, namely a first, high-pressure side exhaust gas turbocharger 4 and a second, low-pressure exhaust gas turbocharger 5. Exhaust gas, which leaves the cylinder of the internal combustion engine 1, flows first via a high pressure turbine 6 of the first exhaust gas turbocharger 1 and is relaxed in the same, in which case energy is used in a high pressure compressor of the first exhaust gas turbocharger 4 is used to compress charge air. Viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas downstream of the first exhaust gas turbocharger 4, the second exhaust gas turbocharger 5 is arranged over which exhaust gas, which has already passed through the high-pressure turbine 6 of the first exhaust gas turbocharger 4, namely via a low-pressure turbine 7 of the second exhaust gas turbocharger 5. In the low-pressure turbine. 7 the second exhaust gas turbocharger 5, the exhaust gas is further relaxed and this energy used in a low-pressure compressor of the second exhaust gas turbocharger 5 used to also compress the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 1 to be supplied charge air.

In addition to the two exhaust gas turbochargers 4 and 5 having exhaust gas charging system 2, the internal combustion engine 1 includes the exhaust aftertreatment system 3, which is an SCR exhaust aftertreatment system. The SCR exhaust aftertreatment system 3 is preferably connected between the high-pressure turbine 6 of the first compressor 5 and the low-pressure turbine 7 of the second exhaust gas turbocharger 5, so that exhaust gas leaving the high-pressure turbine 6 of the first exhaust gas turbocharger 4 can first be passed through the SCR exhaust aftertreatment system 3, before it enters the region of the low-pressure turbine 7 of the second exhaust gas turbocharger 5.

Fig. 1 shows an exhaust gas supply line 8, via the exhaust gas, starting from the high-pressure turbine 6 of the first exhaust gas turbocharger 4 can be guided in the direction of an SCR catalyst 9, which is arranged in a reactor chamber 10.

Furthermore, FIG. 1 shows an exhaust gas discharge line 11, which serves for the discharge of the exhaust gas from the SCR catalytic converter 9 in the direction of the low-pressure turbine 7 of the second exhaust gas turbocharger 5. Starting from the low-pressure turbine 7, the exhaust gas flows via a line 21 in particular into the open.

To the reactor chamber 10 and thus to the positioned in the reactor chamber 10 SCR catalyst 9 leading exhaust gas supply line 8 and from the reactor chamber 10 and thus away from the SCR catalytic converter 9 exhaust discharge 11 are coupled via a bypass 12, in which a shut-off device 13 integrated is. When the obturator 13 is closed, the bypass 12 is closed so that no exhaust gas can flow over it. Then, however, when the obturator 13 is opened, can flow through the bypass 12 exhaust gas, past the reactor chamber 10 and thus past the positioned in the reactor chamber 10 SCR catalyst 9. Fig. 2 illustrates with arrows 14, the flow of the exhaust gas FIG. 2 shows that the exhaust gas supply line 8 opens into the reactor chamber 10 with a downstream end 15, wherein the exhaust aftertreatment system 3 opens when the bypass 12 is closed by way of the shut-off device 13

Exhaust gas in the region of this end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8 undergoes a flow deflection by approximately 180 ° or approximately 180 °, wherein the exhaust gas is guided after the flow deflection via the SCR catalytic converter 9.

The exhaust gas inlet 8 of the exhaust aftertreatment system 3 is associated with a delivery device 16, via which a reducing agent can be introduced into the exhaust stream, in particular ammonia or an ammonia precursor substance, which is required in the region of the SCR catalyst 9 defines nitrogen oxides of the exhaust gas implement. This introduction device 16 of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 is preferably an injection nozzle via which the ammonia or the ammonia precursor substance is injected into the exhaust gas flow within the exhaust gas supply line 8. FIG. 2 illustrates with a cone 17 the injection of the reducing agent into the exhaust gas flow in the region of the exhaust gas feed line 8.

The distance of the exhaust aftertreatment system 3, seen in the flow direction of the exhaust gas downstream of the introduction device 16 and upstream of the SCR catalyst 9 is referred to as a mixing section. In particular, the exhaust gas supply line 8 downstream of the introduction device 16 provides a mixing section 18 in which the exhaust gas can be mixed with the reducing agent upstream of the SCR catalytic converter 9.

The exhaust gas inlet 8 opens with the downstream end 15 into the reactor chamber 10. This downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8 is associated with a baffle element 20 which is displaceable relative to the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8. In the embodiment shown, the baffle element 20 is linearly displaceable relative to the end 15 of the exhaust gas feed line 8, which opens into the reactor chamber 10. The baffle element 20 is displaceable relative to the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8 to either shut off the exhaust gas supply line 8 at the downstream end 15 or release the same at the downstream end 15. Then, when the baffle element 20 shuts off the exhaust gas supply line 8 at the downstream end 15, the shut-off device 13 of the bypass 12 is preferably opened, in order then to pass the exhaust gas completely past the SCR catalytic converter 9 or at the reactor chamber 10 receiving the SCR catalytic converter 9. Then, when the baffle element 20 releases the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8, the obturator 13 of the bypass 12 can either be completely closed or at least partially open.

Then, when the baffle 20 releases the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8, the relative position of the baffle 20 relative to the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8 in particular from the exhaust gas mass flow through the exhaust gas inlet 8 and / or from the exhaust gas temperature of the exhaust gas in the Exhaust gas inlet 8 and / or on the amount of introduced via the introduction device 16 in the exhaust gas flow reducing agent.

Another function of the baffle element 20 at the released, downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas feed line 8 is that possibly present in the exhaust stream drops of liquid reducing agent on the baffle element 20, intercepted there and atomized to avoid such drops liquid Reducing agent in the area of the SCR catalyst 9 arrive. On the relative position of the impact element 20 to the downstream end 15 of the exhaust pipe 8 with released downstream end 15 can be determined in particular whether the exhaust gas, which is deflected in the region of the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply 8 in the region of the impact element 20, more towards radially positioned inside sections or more directed toward radially outwardly positioned sections of the SCR catalyst 9 or directed.

The baffle element 20 is preferably arched on one of the exhaust gas supply line 8 facing side 20a to form a flow guide for the exhaust gas, preferably curved like a bell. Thus, the side 20a of the baffle 20, which faces the downstream end 15 of the exhaust pipe 8, at a radially inner portion of the baffle 20 at a smaller distance to the downstream end 15 of the exhaust pipe 8 than at a radially outer portion thereof. The baffle element 20 is thus retracted or curved in the center of the side 20a in the direction of the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas feed line 8 against the flow direction of the exhaust gas.

As already stated, the exhaust gas inlet 8 opens with its downstream end 15 into the reactor chamber 10, which receives the SCR catalyst 9. 2, the exhaust gas supply line 8 penetrates a lower side 22 of the reactor chamber 10 and ends with its downstream end 15 adjacent to an upper side 23 of the reactor chamber 10, wherein, as already stated, the exhaust gas leaving the exhaust gas inlet at the downstream end 15 , is deflected by 180 ° before it subsequently flows over the SCR catalyst 9.

The exhaust aftertreatment system 3 comprises a plurality of blowing devices 24, which are preferably disposed within the reactor space 10, in which the SCR catalyst 9 is accommodated, and which are e.g. Air nozzles are executed. In this case, each of the blowing devices 24 serves for blowing out the SCR catalytic converter 9 with regard to the soot particles and ash particles depositing thereon so as to avoid blocking of the SCR catalytic converter 9. The blowing devices 24 are arranged on a common pressure reservoir 25. This can, as shown here and in FIG. 3, be arranged around the reactor space 10, but also, not shown here, below or above the reactor. In this case, the diameter of the pressure accumulator ring 25 can be reduced, with the result that the total diameter of reactor 10 and accumulator ring 25 decreases. In this case, the pressure vessel ring 25 can be designed so that its diameter is not greater than the diameter of the reactor 10, in particular including the necessary thermal insulation of the reactor. As a result, no additional space for the pressure vessel ring is required with respect to the diameter. The supply 26 to the blowing devices 24 is then made usefully from above or from below via the lower side 22 and upper side 23 of the reactor housing to avoid an order on the diameter. The pressure vessel ring 25 is advantageously arranged parallel to the plane formed by the catalysts 9.

Fig. 3 shows the preferred orientation of the blowing devices 24, which are preferably oriented such that a swirling flow or a swirling flow is generated within the reactor chamber 10, namely at a direction transverse to the flow or exhaust gas flow direction surface of the SCR catalyst 9. Through such a swirling flow or swirling flow, the blow-off of soot particles and ash particles from the SCR catalytic converter 9 can take place particularly effectively. 3 shows that the reactor chamber 10, in which the SCR catalytic converter 9 is accommodated, preferably has a circular cross-section wall 19 which extends between the lower side 22 and the upper side 23 of the reactor chamber 10. By such a wall 19 in combination with the orientation of the blowing devices 24, the turbulence or swirl flow can be formed particularly advantageous.

The blowing devices 24 shown in Fig. 3 are supplied starting from a common for all blowing devices 24 pressure accumulator 25 with a medium for blowing out the SCR catalyst 9, wherein the common for all blowing devices 24 pressure accumulator 25 in the embodiment of FIG extends circularly or annularly around the SCR catalyst 9 and around the blowing devices 24 around. In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 3, the pressure accumulator 25 is positioned outside of the reactor chamber 10, so that in FIG. 3 the common accumulator 25 also extends around the reactor chamber 10 in a circular or annular manner. As already stated in FIG. 1, this pressure accumulator 25 can also be positioned above or below the reactor chamber 10, which results in the possibility of reducing the diameter of the pressure accumulator ring 25.

Starting from the common pressure accumulator 25, each of the blowing devices 24 can be supplied via a supply line 26 with the medium for blowing the SCR catalytic converter 9, wherein in the embodiment of Fig. 3, the respective supply line 26, starting from the common pressure accumulator 25 toward the respective blowing device 24 and thus extends into the reactor chamber 10 and in this case the wall 19 of the reactor chamber 10 penetrates.

Although not shown in Fig. 3, it is also possible to position the pressure accumulator 25 within the reactor chamber 10, so then the 26 extending from the pressure accumulator 25 to the blowing devices 24 supply lines 26, the wall 19 of the reactor chamber 10 do not have to penetrate.

As can be seen in FIG. 3, each supply line 26 is assigned a switchable valve 27. Each of the blowing devices 24 can be individually supplied with the medium for blowing out the SCR catalytic converter 9 via each of the switchable valves 27. It is possible either to supply all the blowing devices 24 at the same time by corresponding activation of the valves 27 with the medium for blowing out the SCR catalytic converter 9. In contrast to this, it is also possible to open the controllable valves 27 clocked one after the other in order to supply only one of the blowing devices 24 with the medium for blowing out the SCR catalytic converter 9.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the common pressure accumulator 25 is formed as a closed, circular pressure accumulator in the form of a circular or annular tube, which means closed, that the pressure accumulator 25 seen in the circumferential direction or circumferential direction completely rotates and therefore in the direction of rotation or Circumferential direction is not interrupted. Seen in the direction of rotation or circumferential direction of the same is therefore completely filled with the medium for blowing out the SCR catalyst 9, this medium can flow freely within the pressure accumulator 25 in the circumferential direction or circumferential direction.

Fig. 3 further shows a connecting line 28 for the common for all blowing devices 24 pressure accumulator 25 through which the pressure accumulator 25, starting from a source for the medium for blowing out the SCR catalyst 9 can be supplied with this medium.

4 shows a variant of an exhaust aftertreatment system in which the SCR catalyst 9 is positioned in the catalyst space 10, whose wall 19 is not circular in cross-section, but rather polygonal, in particular, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 4, rectangular-like. Also in this case, in turn, several blowing devices 24 are present, which serve the blowing out of the SCR catalyst 9, wherein the blowing devices 24 in turn, starting from a common pressure accumulator 25 via to the blowing devices 24 and branching from the common pressure accumulator 25 supply lines 26 in the supply lines 26 arranged switchable valves 27 are supplied with the medium for blowing out the SCR catalytic converter 9. In the embodiment of Fig. 4, the common pressure accumulator 25 as well as the wall 19 of the reactor chamber 10 is polygonal contoured, namely composed as a polygonal tube of several tube segments, which extends around the SCR catalyst 9 and the blowing devices 24 around, in particular also the reactor space 10 around. In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 4, the blowing devices 24 are not positioned within the reactor chamber 10, but only spray openings of the blowing devices 24 open in the region of the wall 19 of the reactor chamber 10, so that the blowing devices 24, the medium for blowing the SCR catalyst 9 over the SCR -Catalyst 9 can blow.

The length of the supply lines 26 is a maximum of 1.5 m, preferably a maximum of 1 m, more preferably a maximum of 0.5 m.

About the blowing devices 24 seen upstream in the flow direction of the exhaust gas face of the SCR catalyst 9 is blown ash and soot, so that accordingly the blowing direction of the blowing devices 24 extends substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas through the SCR catalyst 9.

Also, the pressure accumulator 25 shown in Fig. 4 is preferably designed such that it provides a closed in the direction of rotation around the reactor chamber 10 flow channel for the medium for blowing the SCR catalyst 9, the same is therefore interrupted at any position, so that Medium within the pressure accumulator 25 flow freely or can distribute freely.

Preferred is an embodiment of the exhaust aftertreatment system, in which the pressure accumulator 25 common to the blowing devices 24 has a defined accumulator volume, wherein the accumulator volume preferably has the following condition: V = K * (273 + T) / (273 * Δρ) where V is the amount of accumulator volume in liters, where K is between 200 and 6000, where T is the amount of blowing medium temperature in ° C, and Δρ is the amount of pressure difference between a pressure in pressure accumulator 25 and a pressure in reactor space 10 in FIG bar is.

Then, when the pressure accumulator 25 has such an accumulator volume, the blowing devices 24 can be particularly preferably supplied with the medium for blowing out the SCR catalyst, thus effectively removing soot and ash from the SCR catalytic converter 9.

In the internal combustion engine 1 of FIG. 1, the exhaust aftertreatment system 3 is positioned standing above the exhaust gas charging system 2. The access to cylinder of the internal combustion engine 1 is free, but the accessibility of the exhaust gas turbocharger 4 and 5 is limited. However, the reactor chamber 10 can be easily disassembled during necessary maintenance work on the exhaust gas turbochargers 4, 6.

In contrast to the standing arrangement shown in Fig. 1 of the exhaust aftertreatment system 3 above the exhaust gas charging system 2 is also a lying, tilted by 90 ° arrangement of the exhaust aftertreatment system 3 in addition to the exhaust gas charging system 2 possible, but with such a horizontal arrangement, the length of Arrangement is growing. However, internal combustion engine 1 and exhaust gas charging system 2 are then available for maintenance without any need for disassembly of the reactor chamber 10 without restriction.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Internal combustion engine 2 Exhaust gas charging system 3 Exhaust gas aftertreatment system 4 Exhaust gas turbocharger 5 Exhaust gas turbocharger 6 High-pressure turbine 7 Low-pressure turbine 8 Exhaust gas inlet line 9 SCR catalytic converter 10 Reactor chamber 11 Exhaust gas exhaust line 12 Bypass 13 Shut-off valve 14 Exhaust gas guide 15 End 16 Insertion device 17 Injection cone 18 Mixing section

Claims (10)

claims An exhaust gas aftertreatment system (3) of an internal combustion engine, namely an SCR exhaust aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine, with an SCR catalyst (9) accommodated in a reactor space (10), with an exhaust gas feed line leading to the reactor space (10) and thus to the SCR catalytic converter (9) (8), with a from the reactor chamber (10) and thus away from the SCR catalytic converter (9) exhaust discharge (11), associated with the exhaust gas supply line (8) introduction means (16) for introducing a reducing agent, in particular ammonia or ammonia Precursor substance, in the exhaust gas, characterized by a plurality of blowing devices (24), which serve for blowing out of the SCR catalyst (9), a common for the blowing devices (24) pressure accumulator (25) which is formed in a circular or polygonal manner wherein the blowing devices (24 ) are supplied starting from the common pressure accumulator (25) with a medium for blowing out the SCR catalytic converter (9). 2. exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that the common pressure accumulator (25) outside the reactor space (10) to the reactor space (10) extends around or below or above the reactor space (10) is arranged. 3. exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that starting from the common pressure accumulator (25) to each blowing device (24) a supply line (26) goes off, via which the respective blowing device (24) with the medium for blowing out the SCR catalyst (9) can be supplied and each supply line (26) is associated with a switchable valve (27). 4. exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that each supply line (26) starting from the pressure accumulator (25), which is positioned outside the reactor space (10), through a wall of the reactor space (10) through to the respective in Reactor space (10) arranged blowing device (24) and each supply line (26) is associated with a switchable valve (27). 5. exhaust aftertreatment system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the common pressure accumulator (25) in the closed direction around the reactor (10) and / or around the blowing devices (24) extends around. 6. exhaust aftertreatment system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the common pressure accumulator (25) on the bottom (22) or the top (23) of the reactor (10) is mounted. 7. exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that the feeds (26) to the blowing devices (24) from the common pressure accumulator (25) starting from the bottom (22) or the top (23) of the reactor (10). 8. exhaust aftertreatment system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the common pressure accumulator (25) is designed as a circular or polygonal-like tube which extends closed around the reactor (10) and to the blowing devices (24) around. 9. exhaust aftertreatment system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the common pressure accumulator (25) has a pressure accumulator volume, wherein for the accumulator volume applies: V = K * (273 + T) / (273 * Δρ) where V is the amount the accumulator volume in liters, where K is between 200 and 6000, where T is the amount of the temperature of the blowing medium in ° C, and where Δρ is the amount of the pressure difference between a pressure in the pressure accumulator (25) and a pressure in the reactor space (10) is in cash. 10. Internal combustion engine with an exhaust aftertreatment system (3)) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises a multi-stage Abgasaufladungssystem (2) comprising a high-pressure turbine (6) comprising the first exhaust gas turbocharger (4) and a low-pressure turbine (7) second exhaust gas turbocharger (5), wherein the exhaust aftertreatment system (3) between the high-pressure turbine (6) and the low-pressure turbine (7) is connected.