DE102016205299A1 - Internal combustion engine with exhaust aftertreatment system - Google Patents
Internal combustion engine with exhaust aftertreatment system Download PDFInfo
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- DE102016205299A1 DE102016205299A1 DE102016205299.3A DE102016205299A DE102016205299A1 DE 102016205299 A1 DE102016205299 A1 DE 102016205299A1 DE 102016205299 A DE102016205299 A DE 102016205299A DE 102016205299 A1 DE102016205299 A1 DE 102016205299A1
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- exhaust gas
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- internal combustion
- combustion engine
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 133
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003716 rejuvenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
- F01N13/017—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/2073—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR] with means for generating a reducing substance from the exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/10—Engines with means for rendering exhaust gases innocuous
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
- B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2340/00—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses
- F01N2340/02—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses characterised by the distance of the apparatus to the engine, or the distance between two exhaust treating apparatuses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2410/00—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device
- F01N2410/10—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device for reducing flow resistance, e.g. to obtain more engine power
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
- F01N2470/22—Inlet and outlet tubes being positioned on the same side of the apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
- F01N2470/24—Concentric tubes or tubes being concentric to housing, e.g. telescopically assembled
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2490/00—Structure, disposition or shape of gas-chambers
- F01N2490/02—Two or more expansion chambers in series connected by means of tubes
- F01N2490/06—Two or more expansion chambers in series connected by means of tubes the gases flowing longitudinally from inlet to outlet in opposite directions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
- F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Brennkraftmaschine (1) mit einem Abgasnachbehandlungssystem (3), nämlich mit einem SCR-Abgasnachbehandlungssystem, wobei die Brennkraftmaschine (1) mehrere Zylinder (7) aufweist, wobei das Abgasnachbehandlungssystem (3) mindestens einen in mindestens einem Reaktorraum (10) angeordneten SCR-Katalysator (9), eine zum jeweiligen Reaktorraum (10) und jeweiligen SCR-Katalysator (9) führende Abgaszuleitung (8), eine vom jeweiligen Reaktorraum (10) und jeweiligen SCR-Katalysator (9) wegführende Abgasableitung (11), eine der jeweiligen Abgaszuleitung (8) zugeordnete Einbringeinrichtung (16) zum Einbringen eines Reduktionsmittels, insbesondere von Ammoniak oder einer Ammoniak-Vorläufersubstanz, in das Abgas, und eine stromabwärts der jeweiligen Einbringeinrichtung (16) angeordnete Mischstrecke (18) zum Mischen des Abgases mit dem Reduktionsmittel stromaufwärts des jeweiligen SCR-Katalysators (9) aufweist, wobei die Brennkraftmaschine mindestens einen für eine Gruppe von Zylindern (7) gemeinsamen Abgassammler (4) aufweist, und wobei das Abgas ausgehen vom jeweiligen Abgassammler (4) über das Abgasnachbehandlungssystem (3), nämlich den jeweiligen Reaktorraum (10) und den jeweiligen SCR-Katalysator (9), und stromabwärts des Abgasnachbehandlungssystems (3) über mindestens einen Abgasturbolader (5) eines Abgasaufladungssystems (2) führbar ist.Internal combustion engine (1) with an exhaust aftertreatment system (3), namely with an SCR exhaust aftertreatment system, wherein the internal combustion engine (1) comprises a plurality of cylinders (7), wherein the exhaust aftertreatment system (3) at least one in at least one reactor chamber (10) arranged SCR catalyst (9), an exhaust gas supply line (8) leading to the respective reactor space (10) and respective SCR catalytic converter (9), an exhaust gas discharge line (11) leading away from the respective reactor space (10) and respective SCR catalytic converter (9), one of the respective exhaust gas supply lines (8) associated with introduction means (16) for introducing a reducing agent, in particular of ammonia or an ammonia precursor substance, in the exhaust gas, and a downstream of the respective introduction means (16) arranged mixing section (18) for mixing the exhaust gas with the reducing agent upstream of the respective SCR catalyst (9), wherein the internal combustion engine according to at least one of a group of cylinders (7) lone exhaust gas collector (4), and wherein the exhaust gas from the respective exhaust manifold (4) via the exhaust aftertreatment system (3), namely the respective reactor space (10) and the respective SCR catalyst (9), and downstream of the exhaust aftertreatment system (3) via at least one exhaust gas turbocharger (5) of an exhaust gas charging system (2) can be guided.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Abgasnachbehandlungssystem. The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with an exhaust aftertreatment system.
Bei Verbrennungsprozessen in stationären Brennkraftmaschinen, die zum Beispiel in Kraftwerken zum Einsatz kommen, sowie bei Verbrennungsprozessen in nichtstationären Brennkraftmaschinen, die zum Beispiel auf Schiffen zum Einsatz kommen, entstehen Stickoxide, wobei diese Stickoxide typischerweise bei der Verbrennung schwefelhaltiger, fossiler Brennstoffe, wie Kohle, Steinkohle, Braunkohle, Erdöl, Schweröl oder Dieselkraftstoffen entstehen. Daher sind solchen Brennkraftmaschinen Abgasnachbehandlungssysteme zugeordnet, die der Reinigung, insbesondere der Entstickung, des die Brennkraftmaschine verlassenden Abgases dienen. In combustion processes in stationary internal combustion engines, which are used for example in power plants, as well as combustion processes in non-stationary internal combustion engines, which are used for example on ships, resulting in nitrogen oxides, these nitrogen oxides typically in the combustion of sulfur-containing fossil fuels, such as coal, hard coal , Brown coal, petroleum, heavy fuel oil or diesel fuels. Therefore, such internal combustion engines are assigned exhaust aftertreatment systems that serve the cleaning, in particular the denitrification, of the exhaust gas leaving the internal combustion engine.
Zur Reduzierung von Stickoxiden im Abgas kommen in aus der Praxis bekannten Abgasnachbehandlungssystemen in erster Linie sogenannte SCR-Katalysatoren zum Einsatz. In einem SCR-Katalysator erfolgt eine selektive katalytische Reduktion von Stickoxiden, wobei für die Reduktion der Stickoxide Ammoniak (NH3) als Reduktionsmittel benötigt wird. Das Ammoniak bzw. eine Ammoniak-Vorläufersubstanz, wie zum Beispiel Urea, wird hierzu stromaufwärts des SCR-Katalysators in flüssiger Form in das Abgas eingebracht, wobei das Ammoniak bzw. die Ammoniak-Vorläufersubstanz stromaufwärts des SCR-Katalysators mit dem Abgas vermischt wird. Hierzu sind nach der Praxis Mischstrecken zwischen der Einbringung des Ammoniaks bzw. der Ammoniak-Vorläufersubstanz und dem SCR-Katalysator vorgesehen. To reduce nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas, so-called SCR catalysts are used in practice in exhaust gas aftertreatment systems known from practice. In a SCR catalyst, a selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides takes place, whereby ammonia (NH 3 ) is required as reducing agent for the reduction of the nitrogen oxides. The ammonia or an ammonia precursor substance, such as urea, for this purpose, is introduced into the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR catalyst in liquid form, with the ammonia or the ammonia precursor substance being mixed with the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR catalytic converter. For this purpose, mixing paths between the introduction of the ammonia or of the ammonia precursor substance and the SCR catalyst are provided according to the practice.
Obwohl mit aus der Praxis bekannten Abgasnachbehandlungssystemen, die einen SCR-Katalysator umfassen, bereits erfolgreich eine Abgasnachbehandlung, insbesondere eine Stickoxidreduzierung, erfolgen kann, besteht Bedarf daran, die Abgasnachbehandlungssysteme weiter zu verbessern. Insbesondere besteht Bedarf daran, bei einer kompakten Bauform einen effektive Abgasnachbehandlung und einen effektiven Betrieb einer das Abgasnachbehandlungssystem aufweisen Brennkraftmaschine zu ermöglichen. Although exhaust gas aftertreatment, in particular nitrogen oxide reduction, can already be successfully carried out using exhaust gas aftertreatment systems which comprise an SCR catalytic converter known from practice, there is a need to further improve the exhaust aftertreatment systems. In particular, there is a need to allow for a compact design, effective exhaust aftertreatment and effective operation of the exhaust aftertreatment system having internal combustion engine.
Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine neuartige Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere eine Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine, mit einem Abgasnachbehandlungssystem zu schaffen, die bei kompakter Bauform und Gewährleistung einer effektiven Abgasnachbehandlung effektiv betrieben werden kann. On this basis, the present invention seeks to provide a novel internal combustion engine, in particular a two-stroke internal combustion engine, with an exhaust aftertreatment system that can be effectively operated in a compact design and ensuring effective exhaust aftertreatment.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Erfindungsgemäß weist die Brennkraftmaschine mindestens einen für eine Gruppe von Zylindern gemeinsamen Abgassammler auf, wobei das Abgas ausgehend vom jeweiligen Abgassammler über das Abgasnachbehandlungssystem, nämlich den jeweiligen Reaktorraum und den jeweiligen SCR-Katalysator, und stromabwärts des Abgasnachbehandlungssystems über mindestens einen Abgasturbolader eines Abgasaufladungssystems führbar ist. Die Erfindung ermöglicht bei kompakter Bauform eine effektive Abgasnachbehandlung und einen effektiven Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einer Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine. This object is achieved by an internal combustion engine according to
Nach einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung sind die jeweilige Mischstrecke und der jeweilige Abgassammler und vorzugsweise auch die jeweilige Abgaszuleitung zu einer gemeinsamen Baugruppe zusammengefasst. Dies ermöglicht bei besonders kompakter Bauform der Brennkraftmaschine eine effektive Abgasnachbehandlung und einen effektiven Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einer Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine. According to an advantageous development, the respective mixing section and the respective exhaust gas collector and preferably also the respective exhaust gas supply line are combined to form a common assembly. This allows for a particularly compact design of the internal combustion engine, an effective exhaust aftertreatment and effective operation of the internal combustion engine, in particular a two-stroke internal combustion engine.
Vorzugsweise ist die jeweilige gemeinsame Baugruppe derart ausgebildet, das Abgas ausgehend vom jeweiligen Abgassammler der jeweiligen Mischstrecke mit einer maximal dreifachen Umlenkung, bevorzugt mit einer maximal zweifachen Umlenkung, besonders bevorzugt mit einer maximal einfachen Umlenkung, höchst bevorzugt umlenkungsfrei, zuführbar ist. Dies ermöglicht bei kompakter Bauform der Brennkraftmaschine eine effektive Abgasnachbehandlung und einen effektiven Betrieb der vorzugsweise als Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine ausgeführten Brennkraftmaschine. Preferably, the respective common assembly is designed such that the exhaust gas, starting from the respective exhaust manifold of the respective mixing section with a maximum of three deflections, preferably with a maximum of twice deflection, more preferably with a maximum simple deflection, most preferably without deflection fed. This allows for a compact design of the internal combustion engine, an effective exhaust aftertreatment and effective operation of the engine preferably designed as a two-stroke internal combustion engine.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung münden die jeweilige Abgaszuleitung und die jeweilige Abgasableitung von derselben Seite des jeweiligen Reaktorraums aus in denselben oder greifen an derselben Seite des jeweiligen Reaktorraums demselben an. Dies ermöglicht bei besonders kompakter Bauform der Brennkraftmaschine eine effektive Abgasnachbehandlung und einen effektiven Betrieb der vorzugsweise als Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine ausgeführten Brennkraftmaschine. According to an advantageous development, the respective exhaust gas inlet and the respective exhaust gas discharge from the same side of the respective reactor chamber open into the same or attack on the same side of the respective reactor space the same. This allows for a particularly compact design of the internal combustion engine, an effective exhaust aftertreatment and effective operation of the engine preferably designed as a two-stroke internal combustion engine.
Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung ist die jeweilige gemeinsame Baugruppe derart ausgebildet, das ein Abstand zwischen einer vom jeweiligen Katalysator oder jeweiligen Reaktorraum am entferntesten liegenden zylinderseitigen Abgasmündungsstelle in den jeweiligen Abgassammler und dem jeweiligen Katalysator oder jeweiligen Reaktorraum maximal das vierfache, bevorzugt das maximal dreifache, besonders bevorzugt das maximal zweifache, des Abstands zwischen der vom jeweiligen Katalysator oder jeweiligen Reaktorraum am entferntesten liegenden zylinderseitigen Abgasmündungsstelle in den jeweiligen Abgassammler und einer vom jeweiligen Katalysator oder jeweiligen Reaktorraum am nächsten liegenden zylinderseitigen Abgasmündungsstelle in den jeweiligen Abgassammler entspricht. Dies ermöglicht bei besonders kompakter Bauform der Brennkraftmaschine eine effektive Abgasnachbehandlung und einen effektiven Betrieb der vorzugsweise als Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine ausgeführten Brennkraftmaschine. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the respective common assembly is formed such that a distance between one of the respective catalyst or respective reactor chamber farthest cylinder-side exhaust port into the respective exhaust manifold and the respective catalyst or reactor space at most four times, preferably the maximum three times, more preferably the maximum two times, the distance between the respective catalyst or respective reactor space farthest lying cylinder-side exhaust gas discharge point in the respective exhaust manifold and one of the respective catalyst or respective reactor chamber closest cylinder-side exhaust port corresponds to the respective exhaust manifold. This allows for a particularly compact design of the internal combustion engine, an effective exhaust aftertreatment and effective operation of the engine preferably designed as a two-stroke internal combustion engine.
Vorzugseise umfasst die Brennkraftmaschine einen Bypass, über den Abgas am jeweiligen Reaktorraum vorbei ausgehend vom jeweiligen Abgassammler oder der jeweiligen Mischstrecke oder der jeweiligen Abgaszuleitung der jeweiligen Abgasableitung und ausgehend von der jeweiligen Abgasableitung einer stromabwärts des Abgasnachbehandlungssystems positionierten Turbine des Abgasaufladungssystems zuführbar ist. Dies ermöglicht bei kompakter Bauform der Brennkraftmaschine eine effektive Abgasnachbehandlung und einen effektiven Betrieb der vorzugsweise als Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine ausgeführten Brennkraftmaschine. Preferably, the internal combustion engine comprises a bypass via which exhaust gas can be supplied to the respective reactor chamber, starting from the respective exhaust collector or the respective mixing section or the respective exhaust gas inlet of the respective exhaust gas outlet and starting from the respective exhaust gas outlet of a turbine of the exhaust gas charging system positioned downstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system. This allows for a compact design of the internal combustion engine, an effective exhaust aftertreatment and effective operation of the engine preferably designed as a two-stroke internal combustion engine.
Bei der Brennkraftmaschine handelt es sich vorzugweise um eine Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine. The internal combustion engine is preferably a two-stroke internal combustion engine.
Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt: Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:
Die hier vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Abgasnachbehandlungssystem, so zum Beispiel eine stationäre Brennkraftmaschine in einem Kraftwerk oder eine auf einem Schiff zum Einsatz kommende, nichtstationäre Brennkraftmaschine. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung eine mit Schweröl betriebene Zweitakt-Schiffsdieselbrennkraftmaschine. The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine with an exhaust aftertreatment system, such as a stationary internal combustion engine in a power plant or on a ship used, non-stationary internal combustion engine. In particular, the invention relates to a heavy duty two-stroke marine diesel engine.
So zeigt
Zusätzlich zu dem Abgasaufladungssystem
Die Brennkraftmaschine
Die zum Reaktorraum
Der Abgaszuleitung
Die Strecke des Abgasnachbehandlungssystems
Der Abgassammler
Gemäß
In
Die gemeinsame Baugruppe, welche den Abgassammler
Die Abgaszuleitung
Dann, wenn das Prallelement
Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführung ist die Abgaszuleitung
So zeigt
Die Abgaszuleitung
Im Ausführungsbeispiel der
Demgegenüber zeigen
Während im Ausführungsbeispiel der
Im Ausführungsbeispiel der
Demgegenüber zeigt
In den in
Im Unterschied hierzu ist es auch möglich, dass die Zylinder
In diesem Fall sind dann die in
Die obigen Details eignen sich insbesondere zur Anwendung bei Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschinen, die mit Rückstandöl bzw. mit Schweröl oder auch mit Erdgas betrieben werden. Die Erfindung kann jedoch auch bei Viertakt-Brennkraftmaschinen zum Einsatz kommen. The above details are particularly suitable for use in two-stroke internal combustion engines, which are operated with residual oil or with heavy oil or natural gas. However, the invention can also be used in four-stroke internal combustion engines.
Der Reaktorraum
Die Erfindung erstreckt sich nicht nur auf SCR-Abgasnachbehandlungssysteme, sondern auch auf CH4- und HCHO-Oxidationskatalysatoren. The invention extends not only to SCR exhaust aftertreatment systems but also to CH4 and HCHO oxidation catalysts.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
- 1 1
- Brennkraftmaschine Internal combustion engine
- 2 2
- Abgasaufladungssystem Turbocharging System
- 3 3
- Abgasnachbehandlungssystem aftertreatment system
- 4 4
- Abgassammler collector
- 5 5
- Abgasturbolader turbocharger
- 6 6
- Turbine turbine
- 7 7
- Zylinder cylinder
- 8 8th
- Abgaszuleitung exhaust lead
- 9 9
- SCR-Katalysator SCR catalyst
- 10 10
- Reaktorraum reactor chamber
- 11 11
- Abgasableitung Flue gas discharge
- 12 12
- Bypass bypass
- 13 13
- Absperrorgan shutoff
- 14 14
- Abgasführung exhaust system
- 15 15
- Ende The End
- 16 16
- Einbringeinrichtung introducing device
- 17 17
- Einspritzkegel Injection cone
- 18 18
- Mischstrecke mixing section
- 19 19
- Prallelement baffle
- 20 20
- Seite page
- 21 21
- Abgasmündungsstelle Exhaust opening point
- 22 22
- Seite page
- 23 23
- Seite page
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (6)
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DE102016205299.3A DE102016205299A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | Internal combustion engine with exhaust aftertreatment system |
FI20175278A FI20175278A (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-24 | Internal combustion engine with an exhaust after-treatment system |
KR1020170039425A KR102302515B1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-28 | Internal combustion engine with exhaust gas after-treatment system |
JP2017067170A JP6803790B2 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-30 | Internal combustion engine with exhaust gas aftertreatment system |
NO20170532A NO20170532A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-31 | Internal combustion engine with exhaust gas after-treatment system |
CN201710206250.4A CN107269351B (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-31 | Internal combustion engine with exhaust gas aftertreatment system |
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DE102016205299.3A DE102016205299A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | Internal combustion engine with exhaust aftertreatment system |
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JP (1) | JP6803790B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102302515B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN107269351B (en) |
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EP3628835A1 (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-01 | Winterthur Gas & Diesel Ltd. | Exhaust gas aftertreatment system |
EP3628836A1 (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-01 | Winterthur Gas & Diesel Ltd. | Exhaust housing for an internal combustion engine and method of guiding exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine |
EP3825530A4 (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2021-08-18 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engine & Turbocharger, Ltd. | Exhaust gas purification device and ship equipped with exhaust gas purification device |
Families Citing this family (1)
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JP2023117250A (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2023-08-23 | 株式会社ジャパンエンジンコーポレーション | Marine internal combustion engine with SCR device |
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- 2017-03-28 KR KR1020170039425A patent/KR102302515B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2017-03-30 JP JP2017067170A patent/JP6803790B2/en active Active
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NO20170532A1 (en) | 2017-10-02 |
JP2017207056A (en) | 2017-11-24 |
KR102302515B1 (en) | 2021-09-16 |
KR20170113338A (en) | 2017-10-12 |
JP6803790B2 (en) | 2020-12-23 |
CN107269351A (en) | 2017-10-20 |
FI20175278A (en) | 2017-10-01 |
CN107269351B (en) | 2021-11-05 |
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