CH710562B1 - Watch component or jewelery component made of a precious alloy made of titanium and a timepiece or jewelery comprising such a component. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a trim component (1) for a timepiece or a jewelery piece, made of a precious alloy based on titanium, where this alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti a - x (Zr, Hf) x M y Pd 1- a-y, with 0.3 <a <0.6, 0 <x <0.15, 0.01 <y <0.4, and M being one or more of a first group consisting of: Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, In. The invention also relates to a timepiece (10 ) or jewelery including at least one such dressing component (1).

Description

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a covering component for a timepiece or jewelry, made of a light precious alloy based on titanium.

The invention also relates to a timepiece or jewelry comprising at least one such covering component.

The invention relates to the field of clocks, timepieces, jewelry, or jewelry.

Background of the invention [0004] A characteristic common to most of the precious alloys used in watchmaking is their relatively high density (> 10 g / cm ³ ). The two main precious metals used in watchmaking, namely gold and platinum, have respective densities of approximately 19.3 and 21.5 g / cm ³ . This has the consequence of making their alloys relatively heavy. Silver and palladium are lighter (10.5 and 12 g / cm ³ respectively) but much less used in watchmaking.

On the other hand, the use of light materials such as titanium and, to a lesser extent, aluminum, in watch cladding elements is relatively widespread today. However, at present, few alloys can be considered precious (titratable) and light at the same time.

Document WO 2012/119 647 A1 describes ceramic-precious metal composites which can reach relatively low densities (<8 g / cm ³ ).

The production of alloys of light metals and precious metals generally does not make it possible to obtain ductile materials, and results in almost all cases in fragile intermetallic phases.

However, an exception exists for the equi-atomic phases Ti (Pd / Pt / Au). Indeed, these phases can be compared to the TiNi equi-atomic phase used in certain shape memory alloys. In the same way, the equi-atomic phases TiPd, TiPt and TiAu have a certain ductility and can, under certain conditions, exhibit behaviors typical of those of TiNi shape memory alloys. TiPd, TiPt and TiAu equi-atomic alloys have been known for a long time and have been the subject of several studies targeting high temperature shape memory alloys.

The effect of adding additives other than Ni, Pd, Pt, Au in these systems has been mainly studied for TiNi alloys. Research on ternary additions to TiPd, TiPt and TiAu alloys is significantly less frequent. However, we know that adding iron to the TiPd system has an influence on the phase transformations of the system.

The majority of the literature relating to additions to binary equi-atomic alloys TiNi, TiPd, TiPt and TiAu focuses on the modification of shape memory properties and so-called super-elastic properties of these alloys (amplitude, temperature of transition). However, no study concerns the problem of the use of such alloys in jewelry / watchmaking and the associated constraints, namely formability and title (percentage of precious metal).

The mass compositions of the ductile equi-atomic phases of the TiPd, TiPt and TiAu alloys are presented in Table 1, which establishes the composition of the equi-atomic phases Ti (Pd / Pt / Au) and the comparison with the legal titles. in force in Switzerland.

Alloy Atomic composition Mass composition approx. Legal titles in Switzerland for the precious metal Title (s) lower than the equi-atomic composition TiPd Ti _5O Pd5o TÎ3ioPde9O 999, 950, 500 500 TiPt ΤίδοΡίδΟ Til97PteO3 999, 900, 850 - TiAu TÌ50AU50 Til9eAUg04 999, 750, 585, 375 750, 585, 375

It is noted that the TiPd and TiAu alloys are titratable and therefore advantageous for watchmaking and jewelry as particularly light precious metals.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention proposes to produce components for clockwork cladding, which are both precious for benefiting from the title and the resistance over time and to corrosion, and lighter than the alloys. known.

To this end, the invention relates to a covering component for a timepiece or jewelry, made of a light precious alloy based on titanium, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _a _ _x (Zr, Hf) _x M _y Pdi- _a - _y ,

CH 710 562 B1 with 0.3 <a <0.6, 0 <x <0.15, 0.01 <y <0.4, and Μ being one or more among a first group composed of: Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, In.

According to a particular characteristic of the invention, said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _a _ _x (Zr, Hf) _x M _y Pd _z , with 0.44 <a <0.55; 0 <x <0.05; 0.07 <y <0.28; 0.25 <z <0.45.

The invention also relates to a timepiece or a jewelry item comprising at least one such covering component.

Brief description of the drawings [0017] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:

fig. 1 compares the stress-strain curves of alloys tested in compression with a strain rate of 0.001 / s:

• dashed line Ti ₅ oPd35. ₅ Nbi4.5, • in solid line Ti ₅ oPd3 ₂ Fe ₁₈ , • in dotted line Ti ₄ 4. ₅ Pd35Nb ₁₁ Fe9.5, • in dashed line Ti ₅ oPd ₅ o · fig. 2 shows a watch comprising a box and a bracelet according to the invention.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments [0018] All the concentrations expressed in the description below are atomic, unless otherwise stated.

The invention relates to the replacement of gold and palladium in titanium-based alloys.

The invention relates to a cladding component 1 of watchmaking or jewelry (including jewelry) in light precious alloy based on titanium, and any timepiece or jewelry comprising such a component.

The use of alloys, as described above in Table 1, which are overloaded with precious metal compared to the titles to which they can be stamped, generate an unnecessary additional cost. In order to solve this problem, advantageous substitutes may be suitable for the overloading of precious metal, and in particular the metals of a second group comprising: Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Nb, V, Mo , Ta, W.

These elements can be introduced in large quantities (> 10 atomic%) in the TiPd and TiAu alloys to replace palladium and gold, respectively. For example, the compression ductility of Ti ₅₀ Pd35.5Nb ₁₄ .5, Ti ₅₀ Pd ₃₂ Fe ₁₈ and Ti ₄ 4.5Pd35Nb ₁₁ Fe9 alloys. ₅ (% at.) Is not significantly different from that of an equi-atomic binary alloy TiPd, as seen in fig. 1, which compares the stress-strain curves of alloys TisoPdss.sNbu.s, Ti ₅₀ Pd ₃₂ Fe ₁₈ , ^ .sPdssNbuFeg.s and Ti ₅ oPd ₅ o, tested in compression with a strain rate of 0.001 / s.

The elements of a third group comprising: Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn and Ag, can be introduced in a limited quantity (<10% at.) In the TiPd and TiAu alloys to replace palladium and gold , respectively.

Finally, the elements of a fourth group comprising: Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb and In, can be introduced in small quantities (<4% at.) In the TiPd and TiAu alloys to replace the titanium or palladium and gold, respectively.

Ideally, for applications in contact with the human body, the substitute materials should not generate health risks. To effectively reduce the additional cost due to the presence of precious metal, the substitute materials of this latter must not be precious. Finally, in order not to weigh down the alloy too much, the substitute materials, ideally, are not heavier than the substituted metal.

A particularly advantageous implementation of the invention relates to the substitution of part of the palladium in a TiPd alloy.

The invention then relates to a ductile alloy based on the equi-atomic intermetallic Ti-Pd, in which the surplus of palladium relative to the mass titer of Pd500 is partially or totally replaced by a non-precious element, so that titanium still represents 50 atomic% of the final alloy. Such an alloy has sufficient ductility to offer formability similar to that of conventional titanium alloys.

It is therefore a question of reducing the surtitling, by replacing part of the palladium, without adversely affecting the ductility.

The ternary TiPdFe and TiPdNb alloys allow the desired titer to be reached. In particular, TiPdNb alloys do not exhibit a parasitic shape memory effect, which is advantageous.

CH 710 562 B1 The composition of the alloy can be formulated according to one of the following compositions, where all the fractions are atomic:

First composition:

Part of the titanium is replaced by the same atomic amount of zirconium or hafnium, these three elements having very similar chemical properties and being easily substitutable for each other:

Ti _a _x (Zr, Hf) _x M _y Pdi-ay

0.3 <a <0.6; 0 <x <0.15; 0.01 <y <0.4

Μ = one or more from a first group composed of: Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, If, Ge, Sn, Sb, In.

a defines the offset from the equi-atomic composition.

x defines the degree of replacement of titanium by Zr and Hf.

defines the substitution element fraction.

Second composition:

TUiZr.HfKMyPd ^ -y

0.3 <a <0.6; 0 <x <0.05; 0.01 <y <0.4

Restriction of the rate of Zr, Hf, compared to the first composition.

Third composition:

Ti _a _ _x (Zr, Hf) _x M _y Pd _z

0.3 <a <0.6; 0 <x <0.05; 0.01 <y <0.4; 0.2 <z <0.55

Fourth composition:

Ti _a _ _x (Zr, Hf) _x M _y Pd _z

0.44 <a <0.55; 0 <x <0.05; 0.07 <y <0.28; 0.25 <z <0.45 Among the fourth composition, the following specific compositions are particularly suitable:

Tio.5pdo.32Feo.18 a = 0.5, x = 0, y = 0.18, z = 0.32 Tio.5pdo.354Nbo.146 a = 0.5, x = 0, y = 0.146, z = 0.354 Ti0.5pd0.404AU0.09 a = 0.5, x = 0, y = 0.096, z = 0.404 Ti0.5pd0.323co0.177 a = 0.5, x = 0, y = 0.177, z = 0.323 Tio.5pdo.32Feo.17cro.o1 a = 0.5, x = 0, y = 0.18, z = 0.32 Tio.5pdo.32Feo.17cuo.o1 a = 0.5, x = 0, y = 0.18, z = 0.32 Ti0.49zr0.01pd0.323Fe0.177 a = 0.5, x = 0.01, y = 0.177, z = 0.323 Ti0.49pd0.317Fe0.173AI0.02 a = 0.49, x = 0, y = 0.193, z = 0.317 Ti0.445pd0.35Nb0.11Fe0.095 Fifth composition: a = 0.445, x = 0, y = 0.205, z = 0.35

Composition according to the fourth composition, and for which Μ comprises one or more elements taken from a fifth group comprising: Nb, Mo, Fe, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, In .

In total substitution for palladium, chromium and copper make the alloy fragile. Manganese, zinc, silver, aluminum, silicon, germanium, indium, tin and molybdenum can, under certain conditions, have a similar effect. Their content must therefore be limited, and iron and niobium are preferred to constitute the majority of the substitution elements.

Sixth composition:

Composition according to the fifth composition, and for which Μ comprises Fe and / or Nb as majority elements.

CH 710 562 B1

Seventh composition:

Composition according to the sixth composition, and containing 50% by mass of palladium.

Eighth composition:

[0040]

TiPdFeCr alloys

Atomic Mass

Ti Pd Fe Cr Total Ti Pd Fe Cr Total 49.7 32 15.3 3 100 35.01 50.12 12.57 2.3 100 49.7 32 12.3 6 100 35.07 50.2 10.13 4.6 100 49.7 31.9 10.4 8 100 35.14 50.14 8.58 6.14 100

More particularly, the atomic composition TÌ49.7Pd32Fe15.3Cr3 has interesting characteristics: weak memory effect, low amount of second phase, and not too high mechanical properties.

Ninth composition:

[0042]

TiPdNb alloys

Atomic Mass

Ti Pd Nb Total Ti Pd Nb Total 49.7 37.8 12.5 100 31.46 53.18 15.36 100 49.7 39.8 10.5 100 31.34 55.8 12.86 100

The compositions of this ninth composition containing atomically 12.5 and 10.5% of niobium have a shape memory effect while the composition TisoPdss.sNbu.s of FIG. 1 containing 14.5% niobium has no such effect. This composition containing 14.5% niobium eliminates these effects thanks to its two-phase nature.

In general, small differences in composition, in particular concerning that of titanium, of the order of 0.3% of the total, do not fundamentally change the properties of these different compositions, and do not alter their ability to replacement of conventional alloys.

The invention thus relates to a covering component for a timepiece or jewelry, made of light precious alloy based on titanium. According to the first composition described above, the composition of this alloy obeys the atomic composition:

Ti _a _x (Zr, Hf) _x M _y Pdi-ay, with 0.3 <a <0.6, 0 <x <0.15, 0.01 <y <0.4, and Μ being one or more among a first group composed of: Nb, V , Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, In.

More particularly, this alloy contains between 15 and 60 atomic% of titanium, between 0 and 69 atomic% of palladium, between 1 and 40 atomic% of gold, and the complement to 100 atomic% comprises a total of between 0 and 15 atomic% of zirconium and hafnium, and one or more components taken from a subgroup of the first group composed of: Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, In.

In an alternative, the alloy contains in atomic% more palladium than gold.

More particularly, the alloy comprises between 30% and 60 atomic% of titanium, and the rest of said alloy comprises a majority of palladium, and, in an amount greater than 10 atomic% of the total of the alloy, at least one metal of a second group comprising: Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W.

In another alternative, the alloy comprises between 30% and 60 atomic% of titanium, and the rest of this alloy comprises a majority of gold, and, in an amount greater than 10 atomic% of the total of the alloy , at least one metal from a second group comprising: Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W.

In a particular embodiment, the alloy comprises at least one metal from a third group comprising: Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn and Ag, the overall amount of the metals of said third group is less than 10 atomic% of the total of the alloy.

CH 710 562 B1 In another particular embodiment, the alloy comprises at least one metal from a fourth group comprising: Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb and In, the overall quantity of the metals of the fourth group is lower at 4 atomic% of the total of the alloy. In a particular embodiment, the alloy comprises between 49.0 and 51.0 atomic% of titanium.

In another particular embodiment, the total in atomic% of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium, is between 49.0 and 51.0 atomic%.

According to the second composition described above, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _a _ _x (Zr, Hf) _x MyPdi- _a -y, with 0.3 <a <0.6; 0 <x <0.05; 0.01 <y <0.4.

According to the third composition described above, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _a _ _x (Zr, Hf) _x M _y Pd _z , with 0.3 <a <0.6; 0 <x <0.05; 0.01 <y <0.4; 0.2 <z <0.55.

According to the fourth composition described above, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _a _ _x (Zr, Hf) _x M _y Pd _z , with 0.44 <a <0.55; 0 <x <0.05; 0.07 <y <0.28; 0.25 <z <0.45.

More particularly, according to variants of this fourth composition:

- the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _t , with r between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s between

31.5 and 32.5 atomic%, t ranging between 17.5 and 18.5 atomic%, with r + s + t = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Tio.5oPdo.32Feo.i8 ·

- the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Nb _u , with r comprised between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s comprised between 34.9 and 35.9 atomic%, u comprised between 14.1 and 15.1 atomic%, with r + s + u = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti0.50Pd0.354Nb0.146 ·

- the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Nb _u , with r comprised between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s comprised between 37.3 and 40.3 atomic%, u comprised between 10.0 and 13.0 atomic%, with r + s + u = 100, with variants according to the ninth composition set out above:

• the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Nb _u , with r comprised between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s comprised between 37.3 and 38.3 atomic%, u comprised between 12.0 and 13.0 atomic%, with r + s + u = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Tio.497Pdo.378Nbo.125 · • the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Nb _u , with r between 49.2 and 50.2% atomic, s included between 39.3 and 40.3 atomic%, u ranging between 10.0 and 11.0 atomic%, with r + s + u = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti0.497Pd0.398Nb0.105 ·

- the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Au _v , with r comprised between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s comprised between 39.9 and 40.9 atomic%, v comprised between 8.5 and 9.5 atomic%, with r + s + v = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti0.50Pd0.404Au0.09 ·

- the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Co _w , with r comprised between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s comprised between 31.8 and 32.8 atomic%, w comprised between 17.2 and 18.2 atomic%, with r + s + w = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti0.50Pd0.323Co0.177.

- the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _c Cr _d , with r comprised between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s comprised between 31.5 and 32.5 atomic%, c comprised between 16.5 and 17.5 atomic%, d comprised between 0.5 and 1.5 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Tio.5oPdo.32Feo.17Cro.o1.

- the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _c Cr _d , with r comprised between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s comprised between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic%, c comprised between 9.9 and 15.8 atomic%, d comprised between 2.5 and 8.5 atomic%, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. According to variants described according to the eighth composition set out above:

• the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _c Cr _d , with r comprised between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s comprised between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic%, c comprised between 14.8 and 15.8 atomic%, d comprised between 2.5 and 3.5 atomic%, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti0.497Pd0.32Fe0.153Cr0.03 · According to other variants:

• the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _c Cr _d , with r comprised between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s comprised between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic%, c comprised between 11.8 and 12.8 atomic%, d comprised between 5.5 and 6.5 atomic%, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti0.497Pd0.32Fe0.123Cr0.06 ·

CH 710 562 B1 • the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _c Cr _d , with r comprised between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s comprised between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic%, c comprised between 9.9 and 10.9 atomic%, d between 7.7 and 8.5 atomic%, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti0.497Pd0.319Fe0.104Cr0 .08 ·

- the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _e Cu _f , with r comprised between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s comprised between 31.5 and 32.5 atomic%, e comprised between 16.5 and 17.5 atomic%, f comprised between 0.5 and 1.5 atomic%, with r + s + e + f = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Tio.5oPdo.32Feo.17Cuo.o1.

- the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r PdsFe _g Zr _h , with r comprised between 48.5 and 49.5 atomic%, s comprised between 31.8 and 32.8 atomic%, g comprised between 17.2 and 18.2 atomic%, h comprised between 0.5 and 1.5 atomic%, with r + s + g + h = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti0.49Zr0.01Pd0.323Fe0.177 ·

- the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s FejAl _k , with r comprised between 48.5 and 49.5 atomic%, s comprised between 31.2 and 32.2 atomic%, j comprised between 16.8 and 17.8 atomic%, k comprised between 1.5 and 2.5 % atomic, with r + s + j + k = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti0.49Pd0.317Fe0.173AI0.02 ·

- the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _m Nb _n , with r comprised between 44.0 and 45.0 atomic%, s comprised between 34.5 and 35.5 atomic%, m comprised between 9.0 and 10.0 atomic%, n comprised between 10.5 and 11.5 atomic%, with r + s + m + n = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Tio.445Pdo.35Nbo.nFeo.o95 · According to the fifth composition exposed above, M contains one or more elements taken from a fifth group comprising: Nb, Mo, Fe, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, In.

According to the sixth composition set out above, M comprises Fe and / or Nb as majority elements.

According to the seventh composition set out above, the alloy contains 50% by mass of palladium.

The invention also relates to a timepiece 10 or piece of jewelry, in particular a watch, comprising at least one such covering component 1.

In summary, for all the compositions according to the invention, the various alloys selected above are ductile, and therefore allow shaping by the usual deformation processes.

These alloys are also:

- precious, in the legal sense of the term (aloi);

- particularly light in comparison with the majority of precious alloys, in the legal sense of the term;

- harmless to the human body;

- very resistant to corrosion.

The production of watch cladding components in one of the alloys mentioned above benefits from the optimization of the composition of the alloy from different angles:

- addition of elements lowering the melting point in order to facilitate implementation;

- modification of the replacement element content of the precious metal in order to modify the mechanical properties of the alloy;

- various slight modifications aimed at obtaining alloys with structural hardening.

The selection of alloys with substitution components according to the invention also makes it possible to eliminate the shape memory effect observed in most of the basic alloys described. For example, the Ti _o alloy. ₅ Pdo. 354Nbo.i46 has an almost zero shape memory effect.

The invention allows many applications, and in particular and without limitation:

- trim elements: shoulders, bottoms, watch glasses, and external trim elements (pushers, clasps, bracelets);

- jewelry, movement components and internal watch casing.

claims

Claims (33)

1. Dressing component (1) for timepieces or jewelry, made of a light precious alloy based on titanium, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _a _ _x (Zr, Hf) _x MyPdi - _a -y, with 0.3 <a <0.6, 0 <x <0.15, 0.01 <y <0.4, and M being one or more among a first group composed of: Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co , Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, In. 2. covering component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said alloy comprises, between 15% and 60 atomic% of titanium, the limits being excluded, between 0% and 69 atomic% of palladium, the limits being excluded, between 1% and 40 atomic% of gold the limits being excluded, and the complement to 100% atomic comprising a total of between 0% and 15% atomic of zirconium and hafnium the limits being excluded, and one or more components taken CH 710 562 B1 from a subgroup of the first group consisting of: Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al , Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, In. 3. Dressing component (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said alloy comprises in atomic% more palladium than gold. 4. covering component (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that said alloy comprises between 30% and 60 atomic% of titanium the limits being excluded, and in that the rest of said alloy comprises a majority of palladium, and , in an amount greater than 10 atomic% of the total of the said alloy, at least one metal of a second group comprising: Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W. 5. covering component (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that said alloy comprises between 30% and 60 atomic% of titanium the terminals being excluded ,, and in that the rest of said alloy comprises a majority of gold , and, in an amount greater than 10 atomic% of the total of said alloy, at least one metal of a second group comprising: Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W. 6. covering component (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that said alloy comprises at least one metal of a third group comprising: Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn and Ag, the overall amount of said metals of said third group being less than 10 atomic% of the total of said alloy. 7. covering component (1) according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that said alloy comprises at least one component of a fourth group comprising: Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb and In, the overall amount of said components of said fourth group being less than 4 atomic% of the total of said alloy. 8. covering component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said alloy comprises between 49.0 and 51.0 atomic% of titanium, the terminals being excluded. 9. covering component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the total in atomic% of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium is between 49.0 and 51.0 atomic%, the limits being excluded. 10. covering component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Tia-xjZr.HfjxMyPd ^ a-y, with 0.3 <a <0.6; 0 <x <0.05; 0.01 <y <0.4. 11. covering component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _a _ _x (Zr, Hf) _x M _y Pd _z , with 0.3 <a <0.6; 0 <x <0.05; 0.01 <y <0.4; 0.2 <z <0.55, with a + y + z = 1. 12. Dressing component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _a _ _x (Zr, Hf) _x M _y Pd _z , with 0.44 <a <0.55; 0 <x <0.05; 0.07 <y <0.28; 0.25 <z <0.45, with a + y + z = 1. 13. Dressing component (1) for timepieces or jewelry, made of light precious alloy based on titanium, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _a M _y Pdi- _a -y, with 0.44 <a <0.55; 0.07 <y <0.28; and Μ being one or more from a first group composed of: Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al , Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, In. 14. covering component (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _t , with r between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, s between 31.5 and 32.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, t being between 17.5 and 18.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, with r + s + t = 100. 15. covering component (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Nb _u , with r between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, s between 34.9 and 35.9 atomic% the limits being excluded, u ranging between 14.1 and 15.1 atomic% the limits being excluded, with r + s + u = 100. 16. covering component (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Nb _u , with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic% the limits being excluded, s between 37.3 and 40.3 atomic% the limits being excluded, u ranging between 10.0 and 13.0 atomic% the limits being excluded, with r + s + u = 100. 17. covering component (1) according to claim 16, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Nb _u , with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic% the limits being excluded, s between 37.3 and 38.3 atomic% the limits being excluded, u ranging between 12.0 and 13.0 atomic% the limits being excluded, with r + s + u = 100. 18. covering component (1) according to claim 16, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Nb _u , with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic% the limits being excluded, s between 39.3 and 40.3 atomic% the limits being excluded, u ranging between 10.0 and 11.0 atomic% the limits being excluded, with r + s + u = 100. 19. covering component (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Au _v , with r comprised between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, s comprised between 39.9 and 40.9 atomic% the limits being excluded, v between 8.5 and 9.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, with r + s + v = 100. CH 710 562 B1 20. covering component (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Co _w , with r between 49.5 and 50.5% atomic, the limits being excluded, s between 31.8 and 32.8 atomic% the limits being excluded, w between 17.2 and 18.2 atomic% the limits being excluded, with r + s + w = 100. 21. covering component (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _c Crd, with r between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, s between 31.5 and 32.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, c between 16.5 and 17.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, d between 0.5 and 1.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, with r + s + c + d = 100. 22. covering component (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _c Cr _d , with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic% the limits being excluded, s between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, including between 9.9 and 15.8% atomic the limits being excluded, including between 2.5 and 8.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic% the limits being excluded, with r + s + c + d = 100. 23. covering component (1) according to claim 22, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _c Cr _d , with r comprised between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic% the limits being excluded, s comprised between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, including between 14.8 and 15.8% atomic the limits being excluded, including between 2.5 and 3.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic% the limits being excluded, with r + s + c + d = 100. 24. covering component (1) according to claim 22, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _c Cr _d , with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic% the limits being excluded, s between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, including between 11.8 and 12.8% atomic the limits being excluded, including between 5.5 and 6.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic% the limits being excluded, with r + s + c + d = 100. 25. covering component (1) according to claim 22, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _c Cr _d , with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic% the limits being excluded, s between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, c between 9.9 and 10.9 atomic% the limits being excluded, d between 7.7 and 8.5% atomic the limits being excluded, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic the limits being excluded, with r + s + c + d = 100. 26. covering component (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _e CUf, with r between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, s between 31.5 and 32.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, e ranging between 16.5 and 17.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, f ranging between 0.5 and 1.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, with r + s + e + f = 100. 27. covering component (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _g Zr _h , with r comprised between 48.5 and 49.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, s comprised between 31.8 and 32.8 atomic% the limits being excluded, g between 17.2 and 18.2 atomic% the limits being excluded, h ranging between 0.5 and 1.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, with r + s + g + h = 100. 28. covering component (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s FejAl _k , with r between 48.5 and 49.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, s between 31.2 and 32.2 atomic% the limits being excluded, j between 16.8 and 17.8% atomic the limits being excluded, k between 1.5 and 2.5 atomic%, the limits being excluded, with r + s + j + k = 100. 29. covering component (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti _r Pd _s Fe _m Nb _n , with r between 44.0 and 45.0 atomic% the limits being excluded, s between 34.5 and 35.5 atomic% the limits being excluded, m between 9.0 and 10.0% atomic the limits being excluded, including between 10.5 and 11.5 atomic%, the limits being excluded, with r + s + m + n = 100. 30. Covering component (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that M comprises one or more elements taken from a fifth group comprising: Nb, Mo, Fe, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si , Ge, Sn, In. 31. covering component (1) according to claim 30, characterized in that M comprises Fe and / or Nb as majority elements. 32. covering component (1) according to claim 31, characterized in that said alloy comprises 50% by mass of palladium. 33. Timepiece (10) or jewelry comprising at least one covering component (1) according to one of the preceding claims.