CH710562A2 - Cladding component for timepiece or jewelry piece in a light titanium-based precious alloy. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cladding component (1) for a timepiece or a jewelery piece, made of a titanium-based light precious alloy, in which this alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti a - x (Zr, Hf) x M y Pd 1 - a - y, with 0.3 <a <0.6, 0 <x <0.15, 0.01 <y <0.4, and M being one or more of a first group consisting of: Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, In. The invention also relates to a timepiece (10 ) or jewelery including at least one such dressing component (1).

Description

Description

Field of the invention

[0001] The invention relates to a trim component for a timepiece or jewelry piece, made of a light precious alloy based on titanium.

[0002] The invention also relates to a piece of timepiece or jewelry comprising at least one such trim component.

[0003] The invention relates to the field of parts for watchmaking, jewelry or jewelry.

Background of the invention

[0004] A characteristic common to most of the precious alloys used in watchmaking is their relatively high density (> 10 g / cm <3>). Indeed, the two main precious metals used in watchmaking, namely gold and platinum, have respective densities of around 19.3 and 21.5 g / cm <3>. This has the consequence of making their alloys relatively heavy. Silver and palladium are lighter (10.5 and 12 g / cm <3> respectively) but much less used in watchmaking.

[0005] On the other hand, the use of lightweight materials such as titanium and, to a lesser extent, aluminum, in watch trim elements is relatively widespread nowadays. However, at the present time, few alloys can be considered valuable (titratable) and light at the same time.

[0006] Document WO 2012/1 19647 A1 describes ceramic-precious metal composites capable of achieving relatively low densities (<8 g / cm <3>).

[0007] The production of alloys of light metals and precious metals generally does not make it possible to obtain ductile materials, and in almost all cases results in fragile intermetallic phases.

[0008] However, an exception exists for the equi-atomic phases Ti (Pd / Pt / Au). Indeed, these phases can be similar to the equi-atomic TiNi phase used in certain shape memory alloys. Likewise, the equi-atomic phases TiPd, TiPt and TiAu have a certain ductility and can, under certain conditions, exhibit behaviors typical of those of TiNi shape memory alloys. The equi-atomic alloys TiPd, TiPt and TiAu have been known for a long time and have been the subject of several studies aimed at high temperature shape memory alloys.

[0009] The effect of adding addition elements other than Ni, Pd, Pt, Au in these systems has mainly been studied for TiNi alloys. Research on ternary additions to TiPd, TiPt and TiAu alloys is significantly rarer. We know, however, that the addition of iron to the TiPd system has an influence on the phase transformations of the system.

The majority of the literature relating to the additions to the equi-atomic binary alloys TiNi, TiPd, TiPt and TiAu focuses on the modification of the shape memory properties and of the so-called super-elastic properties of these alloys (amplitude, temperature of transition). However, no study concerns the problem of the use of such alloys in jewelry / watchmaking and the associated constraints, namely formability and titer (percentage of precious metal).

The mass compositions of the ductile equi-atomic phases of the TiPd, TiPt and TiAu alloys are presented in Table 1, which establishes the composition of the equi-atomic phases Ti- (Pd, Pt, Au) and the comparison with the titles laws in force in Switzerland.

[0012] It is noted that the TiPd and TiAu alloys are titratable and therefore interesting for watchmaking and jewelry as particularly light precious metals.

Summary of the invention

[0013] The invention proposes to produce watch components which are both valuable for the benefit of the title and for resistance over time and against corrosion, and which are lighter than known alloys.

To this end, the invention relates to a trim component for a timepiece or jewelry piece, made of a light precious alloy based on titanium, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Tia ^ ZqHfjxMyPd- iay, with 0.3 <a <0.6, 0 <x <0.15, 0.01 <y <0.4, and M being one or more among a first group composed of: Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, In.

[0015] According to a particular characteristic of the invention, said alloy obeys the atomic composition Tia_x (Zr, Hf) xMyPdz, with 0.44 <a <0.55; 0 <x <0.05; 0.07 <y <0.28; 0.25 <z <0.45.

[0016] The invention also relates to a timepiece or jewelry piece comprising at least one such trim component.

Brief description of the drawings

[0017] Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:

Fig. 1 compares the stress-strain curves of alloys tested in compression with a strain rate of 0.001 / s:

• dashed line Ti oPd3. Nb4. ,

• continuous line Ti5oPd Fe8,

• dotted line TL ^ .sPdssNbu Feg.s

• dotted line Ti5oPd5o ·

Fig. 2 shows a watch comprising a case and a bracelet according to the invention.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

All the concentrations expressed in the description below are atomic, unless otherwise indicated. [0019] The invention relates to the replacement of gold and palladium in titanium-based alloys.

[0020] The invention relates to a trim component 1 for watchmaking or jewelry (including jewelry) made of a light precious alloy based on titanium, and any piece of timepiece or jewelry comprising such a component.

[0021] The use of alloys, as described above in Table 1, which are overloaded with precious metal relative to the titles to which they can be hallmarked, generate an unnecessary additional cost. In order to solve this problem, advantageous substitutes may be suitable for the precious metal overload, and in particular the metals of a second group comprising: Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Nb, V, Mo , Ta, W.

These elements can be introduced in large quantities (> 10 atomic%) in the TiPd and TiAu alloys to replace palladium and gold, respectively. For example, the compressive ductility of Ti5oPd alloys. Nb14. , TÎ oPd3Fe8 and Ti ^ .sPdssNb-n Feg.s (% at.) Is not significantly different from that of an equi-atomic binary alloy TiPd, as seen in fig. 1, which compares the stress-strain curves of Ti5oPd .5Nb4 alloys. , Ti50Pd3Fe8, Ti ^ .sPdssNb-nFeg.s and Ti5oPd5o, tested in compression with a strain rate of 0.001 / s.

The elements of a third group comprising: Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn and Ag, can be introduced in a limited quantity (<10% at.) In the TiPd and TiAu alloys to replace palladium and gold , respectively.

Finally, the elements of a fourth group comprising: Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb and In, can be introduced in a small amount (<4% at.) In the TiPd and TiAu alloys, replacing titanium or palladium and gold, respectively.

[0025] Ideally, for applications in contact with the human body, the substitute materials should not generate health risks. To effectively reduce the additional cost due to the presence of precious metal, substitute materials for the latter should not be valuable. Finally, in order not to weigh down the alloy too much, the substitution materials, ideally, are not heavier than the substituted metal.

[0026] A particularly advantageous implementation of the invention relates to the substitution of a part of the palladium in a TiPd alloy.

The invention therefore relates to a ductile alloy based on the equi-atomic intermetallic Ti-Pd, in which the excess of palladium relative to the mass content of Pd500 is partially or totally replaced by a non-precious element, so that titanium always represents 50 atomic% of the final alloy. Such an alloy has sufficient ductility to provide formability similar to that of conventional titanium alloys.

[0028] The aim is therefore to reduce the over-titration, by substituting a part of the palladium, without adversely impacting the ductility.

[0029] The ternary TiPdFe and TiPdNb alloys make it possible to achieve the desired strength. In particular, TiPdNb alloys do not exhibit parasitic shape memory effect, which is advantageous. [0030] The composition of the alloy can be formulated according to one of the following compositions, where all the fractions are atomic:

First composition

A part of the titanium is replaced by the same atomic amount of zirconium or hafnium, these three elements having very similar chemical properties and being easily substitutable for each other:

Tia-x (Zr, Hf) xMyPd-i-a-y

0.3 <a <0.6; 0 <x <0.15; 0.01 <y <0.4

M = one or more from a first group composed of: Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, In. A defines the offset from the equi-atomic composition. x defines the degree of replacement of titanium by Zr and Hf. y defines the fraction of the substitution element.

Second composition

[0032] Ti ^ ZqH xMyPd a-y

0.3 <a <0.6; 0 <x <0.05; 0.01 <y <0.4

Restriction of the rate of Zr, Hf, compared to the first composition

Third composition [0033] Tia-x (Zr, Hf) xMyPdz

0.3 <a <0.6; 0 <x <0.05; 0.01 <y <0.4; 0.2 <z <0.55

Fourth composition [0033] Tia-z (Zr, Hf) xMyPdz

0.44 <a <0.55; 0 <x <0.05; 0.07 <y <0.28; 0.25 <z <0.45

Among the fourth composition, the particular compositions which follow are particularly suitable:

Tio. pdo. Feo a = 0.5, x = 0, y = 0.18, z = 0.32

Tio. pdo. Nbo a = 0.5, x = 0, y = 0.146, z = 0.354

Tio. pdo. AUO a = 0.5, x = 0, y = 0.096, z = 0.404

Tio.5Pdo.323COo.177 a = 0.5, x = 0, y = 0.177, z = 0.323

Tio. Pdo. Feo.i Cro.OI a = 0.5, x = 0, y = 0.18, z = 0.32

Tio. Pdo. Feo.i CUo.OI a = 0.5, x = 0, y = 0.18, z = 0.32

Ti. gZr. iP. Fe .i a = 0.5, x = 0.01, y = 0.177, z = 0.323

Tio.49Pdo.37Feo.173 AIO.02 a = 0.49, x = 0, y = 0.193, z = 0.317

Tio.445Pdo.35Nbo.i 1 Feo.095 a = 0.445, x = 0, y = 0.205, z = 0.35

Fifth composition

Composition according to the fourth composition, and for which M comprises one or more elements taken from a fifth group comprising: Nb, Mo, Fe, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, In [0034] As a total substitution for palladium, chromium and copper make the alloy brittle. Manganese, zinc, silver, aluminum, silicon, germanium, indium, tin, and molybdenum can have a similar effect under certain conditions. Their content must therefore be limited, and iron and niobium are preferred to constitute the majority substitution elements.

Sixth composition

Composition according to the fifth composition, and for which M comprises Fe and / or Nb as majority elements.

Seventh composition:

Composition according to the sixth composition, and containing 50% by weight of palladium.

Eighth composition [0037] TiPdFeCr alloys

Atomic Mass

Ti Pd Fe Cr Total Ti Pd Fe Cr Total

49.7 32 15.3 3 100 35.01 50.12 12.57 2.3 100

49.7 32 12.3 100 35.07 50.2 10.13 4.6 100

49.7 31.9 10.4 100 35.14 50.14 8.58 6.14 100

Pd Fe Cr Total

50.12 12.57 2.3 100

50.2 10.13 4.6 100

50.14 8.58 6.14 100

More particularly, the atomic composition Ti49.7Pd32Fe15.3Cr3 exhibits interesting characteristics: low memory effect, low amount of second phase, and mechanical properties that are not too high.

Ninth composition [0039] TiPdNb alloys

Atomic

Ti Pd Total Nb

49.7 37.8 12.5 100

49.7 39.8 10.5 100

Mass Ti Pd 31.46 53.18

31.34 55.8

Total number 15.36 100

12.86 100

The compositions of this ninth composition atomically containing 12.5 and 10.5% niobium exhibit a shape memory effect while the Ti Pd composition. Nb. of fig. 1 containing 14.5% niobium does not present an effect of this nature. This 14.5% niobium composition eliminates these effects thanks to its two-phase nature.

In general, small differences in compositions, in particular concerning that of titanium, of the order of 0.3% of the total, do not fundamentally change the properties of these various compositions, and do not alter their suitability for replacement of conventional alloys.

[0042] The invention thus relates to a trim component for a timepiece or jewelry piece, made of a light precious alloy based on titanium. According to the first composition exposed above, the composition of this alloy obeys the atomic composition:

Tia_x (Zr, Hf) xMyPdi_a_y, with 0.3 <a <0.6, 0 <x <0.15, 0.01 <y <0.4, and M being one or more among a first group composed of: Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, In.

More particularly, this alloy comprises between 15 and 60 atomic% of titanium, between 0 and 69 atomic% of palladium, between 1 and 40 atomic% of gold, and the complement to 100% atomic comprises a total of between 0 and 15 atomic% of zirconium and hafnium, and one or more components taken from a subgroup of the first group consisting of: Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, In.

[0044] In an alternative, the alloy contains in atomic% more palladium than gold. More particularly, the alloy comprises between 30% and 60 atomic% of titanium, and the remainder of said alloy comprises a majority of palladium, and, in an amount greater than atomic% of the total of the alloy, at least one metal from a second group comprising: Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W.

In another alternative, the alloy comprises between 30% and 60 atomic% of titanium, and the remainder of this alloy contains a majority of gold, and, in an amount greater than atomic% of the total of the alloy, at least one metal from a second group comprising: Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W.

In a particular embodiment, the alloy comprises at least one metal from a third group comprising: Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn and Ag, the overall quantity of metals from said third group is less than 10 atomic% of the total of the alloy.

In another particular embodiment, the alloy comprises at least one metal from a fourth group comprising: Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb and In, the overall quantity of metals from the fourth group is less than 4 atomic% of the total of the alloy.

[0049] In a particular embodiment, the alloy contains between 49.0 and 51.0 atomic% of titanium.

In another particular embodiment, the total atomic% of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium is between 49.0 and 51.0 atomic%.

According to the second composition described above, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Tia_x (Zr, Hf) xMyPdi-a-y, with 0.3 <a <0.6; 0 <x <0.05; 0.01 <y <0.4.

According to the third composition explained above, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Tia-x (Zr, Hf) xMyPdz, with 0.3 <a <0.6; 0 <x <0.05; 0.01 <y <0.4; 0.2 <z <0.55.

[0053] According to the fourth composition set out above, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Tia-x (Zr, Hf) xMyPdz, with 0.44 <a <0.55; 0 <x <0.05; 0.07 <y <0.28; 0.25 <z <0.45.

More particularly, according to variants of this fourth composition:

- The alloy obeys the TirPdsFet atomic composition, with r comprised between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s comprised between 31.5 and 32.5 atomic%, t comprised between 17.5 and 18.5 atomic%, with r + s + t = 100. More particularly , the alloy obeys the atomic composition Tio. Pdo. Feo.i

- The alloy obeys the TirPdsNbu atomic composition, with r between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s between 34.9 and 35.9 atomic%, u between 14.1 and 15.1 atomic%, with r + s + u = 100. More particularly , the alloy obeys the atomic composition Tio. Pdo. Nbo. ·

- The alloy obeys the TirPdsNbu atomic composition, with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s between 37.3 and 40.3 atomic%, u between 10.0 and 13.0 atomic%, with r + s + u = 100, with variants according to the ninth composition set out above:

• The alloy obeys the atomic composition TirPdsNbu) with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s between 37.3 and 38.3 atomic%, u between 12.0 and 13.0 atomic%, with r + s + u = 100. More particularly , the alloy obeys the atomic composition Tio. Pdo. Nbo. .

• The alloy obeys the TirPdsNbu atomic composition, with r comprised between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s comprised between 39.3 and 40.3 atomic%, u comprised between 10.0 and 11.0 atomic%, with r + s + u = 100. More particularly , the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti. Pd. Nb. ·

- The alloy obeys the TirPdsAuv atomic composition, with r between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s between 39.9 and 40.9 atomic%, v between 8.5 and 9.5 atomic%, with r + s + v = 100. More particularly , the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti. Pd. At . ·

- The alloy obeys the TirPdsCow atomic composition, with r ranging between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s ranging between 31.8 and 32.8 atomic%, w ranging between 17.2 and 18.2 atomic%, with r + s + w = 100. More particularly , the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti. Pd. Co. ·

- The alloy obeys the TirPdsFecCrd atomic composition, with r between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s between 31.5 and 32.5 atomic%, c between 16.5 and 17.5 atomic%, d between 0.5 and 1.5 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti. Pd. Fe. Cr. .

- The alloy obeys the TirPdsFecCrd atomic composition, with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic%, c between 9.9 and 15.8 atomic%, d between 2.5 and 8.5 atomic%, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. According to variants described according to the eighth composition set out above:

• The alloy obeys the TirPdsFecCrd atomic composition, with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic%, c between 14.8 and 15.8 atomic%, d between 2.5 and 3.5 atomic%,

Claims (32)

with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti. Pd. Fe. Cr. · According to other variants: • The alloy obeys the TirPdsFecCrd atomic composition, with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic%, c between 1 1.8 and 12.8 atomic%, d between 5.5 and 6.5 atomic%, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti. Pd. Fe. Cr • The alloy obeys the TirPdsFecCrd atomic composition, with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic%, c between 9.9 and 10.9 atomic%, d between 7.7 and 8.5 atomic%, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti. Pd. Fe. Cr. · - The alloy obeys the TirPdsFeeCUf atomic composition, with r between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s between 31.5 and 32.5 atomic%, e between 16.5 and 17.5 atomic%, f between 0.5 and 1.5 atomic%, with r + s + e + f = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti, 5oPdo.32F6o.17CUo.o1 ■ - The alloy obeys the atomic composition TirPdsFegZrh, with r between 48.5 and 49.5 atomic%, s between 31.8 and 32.8 atomic%, g between 17.2 and 18.2 atomic%, h between 0.5 and 1.5 atomic%, with r + s + g + h = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti. Zr. Pd. Fe. . - The alloy obeys the TirPdsFejAlk atomic composition, with r ranging between 48.5 and 49.5 atomic%, s ranging between 31.2 and 32.2 atomic%, j ranging between 16.8 and 17.8 atomic%, k ranging between 1.5 and 2.5 atomic%, with r + s + j + k = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti. Pd. Fe. HAVE . · - The alloy obeys the TirPdsFemNbn atomic composition, with r between 44.0 and 45.0 atomic%, s between 34.5 and 35.5 atomic%, m between 9.0 and 10.0 atomic%, n between 10.5 and 1.5 atomic%, with r + s + m + n = 100. More particularly, the alloy obeys the atomic composition Ti. Pd. Nb .n Fe. · According to the fifth composition described above, M comprises one or more elements taken from a fifth group comprising: Nb, Mo, Fe, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, In . According to the sixth composition explained above, M comprises Fe and / or Nb as majority elements. According to the seventh composition described above, the alloy contains 50% by weight of palladium. [0058] The invention also relates to a timepiece or piece of jewelry, in particular a watch, comprising at least one such trim component 1. In summary, for all of the compositions according to the invention, the various alloys selected above are ductile, and therefore allow shaping by the usual deformation methods. [0060] These alloys are also: - precious, in the legal sense of the term (aloi); - particularly light in comparison with the majority of precious alloys, in the legal sense of the term; - harmless to the human body; - very resistant to corrosion. The production of watch components from one of the alloys mentioned above benefits from the optimization of the composition of the alloy from different angles: - addition of elements lowering the melting point in order to facilitate processing; - modification of the replacement element content of the precious metal in order to modify the mechanical properties of the alloy; - various slight modifications aimed at obtaining age-hardening alloys. [0062] The selection of alloys with substitution components according to the invention makes it possible, again, to eliminate the shape memory effect observed in most of the base alloys described. For example, the Ti0.5Pdo.354Nbo.i46 alloy exhibits almost zero shape memory effect. The invention allows many applications, and, in particular and without limitation: - trim elements: middle parts, backs, watch bezels, and external trim elements (pushers, clasps, bracelets); - jewelry, movement components and internal watch trim. Claims 1. Covering component (1) for a timepiece or jewelry piece, made of a light precious alloy based on titanium, characterized in that said alloy obeys the Tia_x (Zr, Hf) xMyPdi-ay compo ue, with 0.3 <a <0.6, 0 <x <0.15, 0.01 <y <0.4, and M being one or more among a first group composed of: Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh , Ir, Au, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, In. 2. Covering component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said alloy comprises between 15 and 60 atomic% of titanium, between 0 and 69 atomic% of palladium, between 1 and 40 atomic% of gold, and the 100% atomic complement comprising a total of between 0 and 15 atomic% of zirconium and hafnium, and one or more components taken from a subgroup of the first group composed of: Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Pt, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, In. 3. Trim component (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said alloy contains in atomic% more palladium than gold. 4. Trim component (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that said alloy comprises between 30% and 60 atomic% of titanium, and in that the remainder of said alloy comprises a majority of palladium, and, in quantity greater than 10 atomic% of the total of said alloy, at least one metal from a second group comprising: Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W. 5. Trim component (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that said alloy comprises between 30% and 60 atomic% of titanium, and in that the rest of said alloy comprises a majority of gold, and, in amount greater than 10 atomic% of the total of said alloy, at least one metal from a second group comprising: Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Au, Pt, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, W. 6. Trim component (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that said alloy comprises at least one metal from a third group comprising: Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn and Ag, the overall quantity of said metals of said third group being less than 10 atomic% of the total of said alloy. 7. Trim component (1) according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that said alloy comprises at least one metal from a fourth group comprising: Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb and In, the overall amount of said metals of said fourth group being less than 4 atomic% of the total of said alloy. 8. Trim component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said alloy comprises between 49.0 and 51.0 atomic% of titanium. 9. Trim component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the total atomic% of titanium, zirconium and hafnium is between 49.0 and 51.0 atomic%. 10. Trim component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Tia- ^ Zr.HfjxMyPd-i-a-y, with 0.3 <a <0.6; 0 <x <0.05; 0.01 <y <0.4. 1 1. Covering component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Tia-x (Zr, Hf) xMyPdz, with 0.3 <a <0.6; 0 <x <0.05; 0.01 <y <0.4; 0.2 <z <0.55. 12. Trim component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition Tia_x (Zr, Hf) xMyPdz, with 0.44 <a <0.55; 0 <x <0.05; 0.07 <y <0.28; 0.25 <z <0.45. 13. Trim component (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that said alloy obeys the TirPdsFet atomic composition, with r ranging between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s ranging between 31.5 and 32.5 atomic%, t ranging between 17.5. and 18.5 atomic%, with r + s + t = 100. 14. A covering component (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that said alloy obeys the TirPdsNbu atomic composition, with r between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s between 34.9 and 35.9 atomic%, u between 14.1 and 15.1 atomic%, with r + s + u = 100. 15. Trim component (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that said alloy obeys the TirPdsNbu atomic composition, with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s between 37.3 and 40.3 atomic%, u between 10.0 and 13.0 atomic%, with r + s + u = 100. 16. A covering component (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that said alloy obeys the TirPdsNbu atomic composition, with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s between 37.3 and 38.3 atomic%, u between 12.0 and 13.0 atomic%, with r + s + u = 100. 17. Trim component (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that said alloy obeys the TirPdsNbu atomic composition, with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s between 39.3 and 40.3 atomic%, u between 10.0 and 1 1.0 atomic%, with r + s + u = 100. 18. Covering component (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that said alloy obeys the TirPdsAuv atomic composition, with r between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s between 39.9 and 40.9 atomic%, v between 8.5. and 9.5 atomic%, with r + s + v = 100. 19. A covering component (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition TirPdsCOw, with r between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s between 31.8 and 32.8 atomic%, w between 17.2 and 18.2 atomic%, with r + s + w = 100. 20. Covering component (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition TirPdsFecCrd, with r ranging between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s ranging between 31.5 and 32.5 atomic%, c ranging between 16.5. and 17.5 atomic%, d between 0.5 and 1.5 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. 21. Trim component (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition TirPdsFecCrd, with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic%, c between 9.9 and 15.8 atomic%, d between 2.5 and 8.5 atomic%, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. 22. Covering component (1) according to claim 21, characterized in that said alloy obeys the TirPdsFecCrd atomic composition, with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic%, c between 14.8 and 15.8 atomic%, d between 2.5 and 3.5 atomic%, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. 23. Trim component (1) according to claim 21, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition TirPdsFecCrd, with r between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic%, c between 1 1.8 and 12.8 atomic%, d between 5.5 and 6.5 atomic%, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. 24. Trim component (1) according to claim 21, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition TirPdsFecCrd, with r ranging between 49.2 and 50.2 atomic%, s ranging between 31.4 and 32.5 atomic%, c ranging between 9.9. and 10.9 atomic%, d between 7.7 and 8.5 atomic%, with c + d between 17.8 and 18.9 atomic%, with r + s + c + d = 100. 25. Covering component (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition TirPdsFeeCUf, with r between 49.5 and 50.5 atomic%, s between 31.5 and 32.5 atomic%, e between 16.5. and 17.5 atomic%, f between 0.5 and 1.5 atomic%, with r + s + e + f = 100. 26. Covering component (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition TirPdsFegZrh, with r ranging between 48.5 and 49.5 atomic%, s ranging between 31.8 and 32.8 atomic%, g ranging between 17.2 and 18.2 atomic%, h between 0.5 and 1.5 atomic%, with r + s + g + h = 100. 27. Covering component (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that said alloy obeys the TirPdsFejAlk atomic composition, with r between 48.5 and 49.5 atomic%, s between 31.2 and 32.2 atomic%, j between 16.8 and 17.8 atomic%, k between 1.5 and 2.5 atomic%, with r + s + j + k = 100. 28. Trim component (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that said alloy obeys the atomic composition TirPdsFemNbn, with r ranging between 44.0 and 45.0 atomic%, s ranging between 34.5 and 35.5 atomic%, m ranging between 9.0 and 10.0 atomic%, n between 10.5 and 1 1.5 atomic%, with r + s + m + n = 100. 29. Trim component (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that M comprises one or more elements taken from a fifth group comprising: Nb, Mo, Fe, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Al, Si , Ge, Sn, In. 30. A covering component (1) according to claim 29, characterized in that M comprises Fe and / or Nb as major elements. 31. A covering component (1) according to claim 30, characterized in that said alloy comprises 50% by mass of palladium. 32. Timepiece (10) or jewelry comprising at least one trim component (1) according to one of the preceding claims.