CH708598A1 - Arrangement and method for room temperature control and hot water supply points. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement (1) for controlling the temperature of building spaces and for providing hot water. This arrangement (1) comprises a central heating device (2) for heating a fluid in a central storage (3), a plurality of decentralized hot water storage tanks (30), a plurality of decentralized heat pumps (20), each decentralized hot water storage tank (30) comprising at least one of the decentralized heat pumps (20) is assigned and wherein at each of the decentralized hot water tank (30) the at least one of the respective decentralized hot water tank (30) associated decentralized heat pump (20) in the decentralized hot water tank (30) contained water can be heated to a discharge temperature. The arrangement (1) comprises a plurality of decentralized circuits (6) connected to the central storage (3) for controlling the temperature of one or more building spaces, the decentralized heat pumps (20) each being connected to one of the decentralized circuits (6). Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for controlling the temperature of building spaces and to provide hot water. In this case, a fluid is passed from a central store (3) with a central heating device (2) into a plurality of decentralized circuits (6), so that the fluid flows through the decentralized circuits (6). In addition, each of the decentralized circuits (6) is associated with a decentralized heat pump (20) and in each of the decentralized circuits (6) at least part of the fluid flowing through the respective decentralized circuit (6) is assigned by the respective decentralized circuit (6) , distributed heat pump (20) passed. In addition, each of the decentralized heat pumps (20) is associated with a decentralized hot water tank (30) and is deprived of energy with the respective decentral heat pump (20) and used to heat in the associated, decentralized hot water tank (30) contained water to a discharge temperature.

Description

Description Technical area

The invention relates to an arrangement and a method for controlling the temperature of building spaces and to provide hot water. The arrangement comprises a central heating device for heating a fluid in a central storage, a plurality of decentralized hot water storage tanks and a plurality of decentralized heat pumps. Each decentralized hot water tank is assigned at least one of the decentralized heat pumps. In addition, in each of the decentralized hot water storage, the at least one decentralized hot water storage associated decentralized heat pump in the decentralized hot water storage water to a discharge temperature to heat.

State of the art

Arrangements and methods for tempering of building spaces and for the provision of hot water are known. For example, buildings having central heating include a central storage in which a fluid is heated by means of a central heating device such as a water heater, an oil or gas heater, or a heat pump. The heated fluid is passed from the central storage through heating circuits to heat the building spaces. The fluid flows through radiators or heat surfaces, where it gives off energy. In buildings with such a central heating also the use of hot water tanks is known, by means of which hot water can be provided for consumption in the kitchen or in the bathroom. These hot water tanks may include an electric heater through which the water in a tank can be heated to a take-off temperature. However, other water heating devices may be provided for heating the water in the tank. For example, heat pumps are known which extract energy from the ambient air in order to heat the water in the hot water storage tank to a removal temperature.

In Switzerland, so-called «high cabinet boiler» are often used as a hot water tank in apartments or commercial premises. These tall cabinet boilers are standardized to the former SINK standard, which corresponds to the current "Swiss MassSystem" (SMS). They therefore have a width and a maximum depth of 549 x 549 mm <2>. To make optimum use of this area, these high-bay boilers have the water tank, the control unit and the connections stacked on top of each other so that everything fits within the footprint of 549 x 549 mm <2>. Their height can basically be adapted to the respective circumstances. However, to make the most of the usual room height, they are a little less than 2400 mm high. As a result, they just find space between floor and ceiling.

Regardless of whether the water is heated in the hot water tanks by means of electrical heating or heat pumps and whether tall cabinet boiler are used for hot water production or not, the water is passed through hot water pipes to the consumption points in the building. In accordance with SIA standard 385/1, it is necessary to be able to supply 40 ° C water within 10 seconds for appliances such as sinks and plaster casts, while all other consumables require a maximum of fifteen seconds for 40 ° C water. However, if the hot water is continuously pumped through a hot water circuit to keep the pipes warm, the maximum levels for providing 40 ° C warm water are only seven and ten seconds, respectively.

The disadvantage of such arrangements and methods is that for the tempering of the building spaces and for the provision of hot water a lot of energy in the form of electricity and possibly oil or gas must be supplied. The energy costs of buildings with such arrangements are correspondingly high. A system in which for the tempering of the building spaces and for the provision of hot water less energy in the form of electric power and optionally oil or gas must be supplied, for example, in DE 3 332 61 1 C2 Mitsubishi Denki KK described. It is a combined system for air conditioning and hot water supply, where a combination of two heat pumps is used for room temperature control and the production of hot water. A primary-side heat pump is used for air conditioning. The cold or warm water produced after the air conditioning operation is used as the power source for the secondary side heat pump for heating the water for the hot water supply.

A similar system for heating or cooling a room and providing hot water is described in EP 2 410 249 A2 of LG Electronics Inc. In this system, a room can be cooled or heated using an indoor and outdoor heat exchanger. This heats a fluid. The energy of this fluid can be used by means of a first heat pump for hot water production for consumption and by means of a second heat pump for hot water production for heating.

The disadvantage of these two systems, however, is that they are very complex and can be installed only with great effort in an existing building with a known central heating.

2 Presentation of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a the technical field mentioned above belonging arrangement for tempering of building spaces and to provide hot water, which requires the addition of little energy in the form of electric current and possibly oil or gas, which has a low Complexity and which can be easily installed in an existing building with central heating. It is another object of the invention to provide a corresponding method for controlling the temperature of building spaces and decentralized provision of hot water.

The solution of the problem is defined by the features of claim 1. According to the invention, the arrangement comprises a plurality of decentralized circuits connected to the central storage for controlling the temperature of one or more building spaces, the decentralized heat pumps each being connected to one of the decentralized circuits.

To solve the problem also includes a method for controlling the temperature of building spaces and to provide hot water. This method is defined by passing a fluid into a plurality of decentralized circuits from a central storage with a central heating device so that the fluid flows through the decentralized circuits. Each of the decentralized circuits is assigned a decentralized heat pump. In each of the decentralized circuits, moreover, at least part of the fluid flowing through the respective decentralized circuit is conducted through the decentralized heat pump associated with the respective decentralized circuit. In addition, each decentralized heat pump is assigned a decentralized hot water storage tank. Energy is extracted from the fluid with the respective decentralized heat pump and used to heat water contained in the associated, decentralized hot water storage tank to a removal temperature. How the fluid is conducted from the central storage with the central heating device in the decentralized circuits, is irrelevant. For example, the fluid can be conducted into the decentralized circuits by one or more pumps. The fluid can also be passed without a pump, for example, by convection in the decentralized circuits. Regardless of how the fluid is conducted into the decentralized circuits, for example, an inventive arrangement can be operated with the inventive method.

Both in the inventive arrangement as well as the inventive method is understood by the term "cycle" a circuit through which for controlling the temperature of building spaces a fluid circulates, with heat between the building or rooms and the decentralized circulation can be exchanged. To optimize this heat exchange, such a circuit may comprise one or more heat exchangers. The heat exchange can also be achieved without a special heat exchanger. Therefore, a circuit may for example include only pipes and be designed accordingly without special heat exchanger.

These circuits are decentralized both in the inventive arrangement and in the inventive method. Likewise, both in the inventive arrangement and in the inventive method, the heat pumps and the hot water storage are decentralized. This means that the circuits, the heat pumps and the hot water storage tanks are separately controllable. Accordingly, for example, in the decentralized circuits, a flow rate of the fluid can each be adjusted separately in order to be able to adjust the temperature control of the building spaces separately. By contrast, the decentralized heat pumps, for example, can each be switched on and off separately, or their pumping intensity can each be set separately, while in the hot water storage tanks, for example, a respective removal temperature to which the water is heated can be set separately.

For the solution of the problem is irrelevant whether the decentralized circuits are directly or indirectly connected to the central memory. For example, the decentralized circuits can be connected directly to the central storage. However, they can also be connected indirectly via a system of lines and possibly further memories to the central memory.

Next is irrelevant for the solution of the problem, as the central heating device is designed exactly. Preferably, however, the central heating device is a heat pump, by means of which the fluid in the central storage can be heated. This heat pump can, for example, use ambient energy from the air or from geothermal heat to heat the fluid. Regardless of the energy source used, a heat pump as a central heating device has the advantage that only a small amount of energy has to be expended in the form of electrical current. The largest part of the heating energy, however, comes from the used energy source such as the ambient air, the ground or district heating. In a preferred variant of this, however, the central heating device is an electric heater, an oil heater or a gas heater. Such a variant has the advantage that an existing heating such as a built-in central heating system can serve as a central heating device. Alternatively, the central heating device can also be designed differently.

Regardless of the type of central heating device and the formation of the central memory for the solution of the problem is irrelevant. If the central heating device is designed as a heat pump, electric heater, oil heater or gas heater, the central storage may be, for example, a tank for the fluid. In addition, if the central heating device is designed as a water heater, the central storage can also be a pipe section in a pipe system in which the fluid can be heated by the central heating device.

[0016] According to the technical field mentioned at the outset, several, i. two or more decentralized hot water storage provided. These decentralized DHW cylinders are storage tanks in which water can be heated to the discharge temperature. This may, for example, boilers or boilers. But it can also be a pipe section of a water heater, in which the water can be heated to the discharge temperature. Accordingly, the decentralized heat pumps, which are each assigned to one of the decentralized hot water storage, may also be designed differently. It is only important that the local decentralized hot water tank associated decentralized heat pump in the associated decentralized hot water tank water can be heated to the discharge temperature.

The solution of the problem has the advantage that for the temperature of the building spaces and for the provision of hot water less energy in the form of electricity, gas or oil must be expended, since the decentralized heat pumps connected to the decentralized heat pumps as Energy source to heat the water contained in the decentralized hot water storage tanks to the discharge temperature. If the decentralized circuits are used for heating the building spaces, energy from the heating can be used to provide hot water. On the other hand, if the decentralized circuits are used to cool the building spaces, ambient heat, which has been absorbed by the fluid during cooling, can be used as energy for the provision of hot water.

The fact that the decentralized heat pumps draw energy from the fluid also has the advantage that the decentralized heat pumps are not dependent on ambient air as an energy source. Accordingly, the decentralized heat pumps and the decentralized hot water storage can be arranged in a small space such as in a boiler cabinet. Since the decentralized heat pumps and the decentralized hot water storage tanks are arranged decentrally, they can also be arranged close to the decentralized circuits. Accordingly, only short lines are required to connect the decentralized heat pumps with the decentralized circuits. Therefore, if a building with an existing heating such as a central heating with several decentralized circuits to be equipped with the inventive arrangement, only a few lines need to be re-laid to provide the decentralized heat pumps with the fluid from the decentralized circuits as an energy source. This is an advantage over heat pumps, which use geothermal or district heating as an energy source, and which must be supplied by means of correspondingly long lines with a fluid.

Due to the decentralized arrangement of the decentralized hot water tank are also the hot water pipes, which connect the decentralized hot water tank with the consumption points such as a hot water tap in a bathroom or kitchen, shorter than if all consumption points of the building are supplied by a central hot water tank with hot water , Accordingly, the inventive arrangement has the advantage that due to the shorter hot water pipes a smaller amount of water in the hot water pipes can remain as stagnant water. This reduces the risk of Legionella formation in the hot water pipes. Therefore, no hot water circuit with a circulation pump is required, which continuously pumps hot water through the hot water circuit to flush the hot water lines continuously with hot water.

In a first preferred variant, the inventive method includes a winter mode in which the fluid is heated in the central storage by the central heating device and the decentralized circuits are used as decentralized heating circuits by the heat in the decentralized circuits emits heat. This has the advantage that during the heating phase, i. In winter, if required, also in spring or autumn, hot water can be provided in a simple, energy-saving manner.

In a second preferred variant, the inventive method includes a summer mode, in which the decentralized circuits are used as decentralized cooling circuits by the fluid is heated in the decentralized circuits and the heated fluid is passed through the decentral heat pumps, where the fluid through The decentralized heat pumps can be deprived of energy so that the fluid is cooled. Accordingly, this has the advantage that in warm weather such as in summer, the building spaces can be cooled by the fluid dissipates heat from the building rooms. In this case, the energy dissipated by the fluid can be used for the provision of hot water. In order to be able to optimally cool the building spaces in summer mode, the decentralized circuits or cooling circuits preferably have flat heat exchangers. Such flat heat exchangers are used for example in floor heating, wall heating or ceiling heating.

Of course, the method may also include both this first and this second preferred variant and thus the winter mode and the summer mode.

According to the method, in a first preferred variant of the inventive arrangement, the decentralized circuits decentralized heating circuits. Accordingly, the arrangement can be operated in winter mode. In a second preferred variant, however, the decentralized circuits are decentralized cooling circuits. Accordingly, the arrangement can be operated in summer mode. In a third preferred variant, however, the circuits are both decentralized heating circuits and decentralized cooling circuits. Accordingly, the arrangement can be operated both in winter mode and in summer mode. Regardless of these three variants, for the heat exchange in the decentralized circuits, for example, a radiator or radiator, a floor heating, a wall heating

4 tion or a ceiling heating be provided. These are all suitable for the exchange of heat between the building or rooms and the circuit and can be used accordingly for heating or for cooling. However, in order to be able to optimally cool the building spaces in the summer mode, the decentralized circuits or cooling circuits preferably have planar heat exchangers. Since such flat heat exchangers are used for example in floor heating, wall heating or ceiling heating, decentralized circuits with a floor heating, wall heating or ceiling heating are particularly well suited for operation in both winter mode and summer mode.

Preferably, the fluid is a liquid. Since liquids have a high specific heat capacity, this has the advantage that a lot of energy can be transported with the fluid for the temperature control of the building spaces and the provision of hot water. In a preferred variant thereof, the liquid is water. On the one hand, this has the advantage that water has a particularly high specific heat capacity. On the other hand, this also has the advantage that water is easily available and easy to handle. Alternatively, there is also the possibility that the fluid is a liquid other than water.

In a preferred alternative to the liquid, the fluid is a gas. This has the advantage over a liquid that with leaking pipes no water or liquid damage to the building can occur. In a preferred variant thereof, the gas is air. This has the advantage that air is readily available and no damage occurs when a pipe has a leak. Alternatively, there is also the possibility that the gas is not air but, for example, a noble gas or another gas mixture.

If the decentralized circuits are decentralized cooling circuits, the associated decentralized heat pumps are preferably optimized to a fluid having a temperature in the range of 15 ° C to 35 ° C, more preferably in the range of 15 ° C to 25 ° C as To use energy source to heat the water contained in each associated decentralized hot water tank to the extraction temperature. This has the advantage that the hot water can be provided particularly efficient.

If the decentralized circuits, however, are decentralized heating circuits, the decentralized heat pumps are preferably optimized to use a fluid having a temperature in the range of 20 ° C to 90 ° C, more preferably 20 ° C to 55 ° C, as an energy source in order to heat the water contained in the respectively assigned decentralized hot water storage tank to the removal temperature. For example, if the central heating and central storage belong to a central heating system where decentralized heating circuits are connected to underfloor heating, wall heating, ceiling heating or other heat exchangers designed to be heated with the fluid in a low temperature range of 20 ° C to 35 ° C Thus, the decentralized heat pumps are particularly preferably optimized to use a fluid having a temperature in the range of 15 ° C to 35 ° C, particularly preferably in the range of 20 ° C to 35 ° C as an energy source, in the respectively associated decentralized Warm water storage water to the extraction temperature to heat. This has the advantage that the hot water can be provided particularly efficient.

However, the situation is different if the decentralized circuits are decentralized heating circuits and are designed for heating in a high temperature range of 35 ° C to 90 ° C. The central heating device and the central storage may include, for example, a district heating in which the fluid is heated to a temperature of about 70 ° C to about 90 ° C, or belong to a central oil or gas heating, in which the fluid a temperature of about 40 ° C to about 55 ° C is heated. In these cases, the decentralized heating circuits have radiators or other heat exchangers designed for heating with the fluid at a temperature of 70 ° C to 90 ° C (district heating) or 40 ° C to 55 ° C (oil or gas heating) , In such a situation, there are two advantageous variants of how the hot water can be provided particularly efficiently. According to the first preferred variant, the decentralized heat pumps are optimized to use a fluid having a temperature in the range of 70 ° C to 90 ° C or 40 ° C to 55 ° C as an energy source to the water contained in each associated decentralized hot water tank to heat to the discharge temperature. According to the second preferred variant, however, the decentralized heat pumps are optimized to use a fluid having a temperature in the range of 15 ° G to 35 ° C, particularly preferably in the range of 20 ° C to 35 ° C as the energy source to that in each case assigned decentralized hot water storage water to the extraction temperature to heat. However, the decentralized hot water storage tanks each comprise a first heat exchanger, by means of which the water contained in the respective decentralized hot water storage tank can be heated to the removal temperature. This first heat exchanger is in each case connected to the respective decentralized hot water storage associated decentral heat pump that the fluid flows from the associated decentralized circuit only through the first heat exchanger and gives off heat to the water contained in the decentralized hot water tank and then flows through the decentralized heat pump, where he is deprived of more energy by the heat pump.

If the decentralized circuits are both decentralized cooling circuits and decentralized heating circuits, then the decentralized heat pumps are preferably optimized to a fluid having a temperature in the range of 15 ° C to 90 ° C, more preferably 15 ° C to 55 ° C. to use as an energy source to heat the water contained in each associated decentralized hot water tank to the extraction temperature.

If in this case the central heating device and the central memory belong, for example, to a central heating, to which decentralized heating circuits are connected to a floor heating, wall heating, ceiling heating or other heat exchangers for heating with the fluid in the low temperature range of 20 ° C to 35 ° C., the decentralized heat pumps are particularly preferably optimized to use a fluid having a temperature in the range from 15 ° C. to 35 ° C., particularly preferably in the range from 20 ° C. to 35 ° C., as the energy source to heat in the respectively assigned decentralized hot water tank water to the extraction temperature. This has the advantage that hot water can be provided particularly efficiently both in summer mode and in winter mode. If, in contrast, the central storage and the central heating device belong to a central heating, to which decentralized heating circuits with radiators or other heat exchangers are connected, for heating with the fluid in the high temperature range of 35 ° C to 90 ° C, in particular 70 ° C to 90 ° C (district heating) or 40 ° C to 55 ° C (oil or gas heating) are designed so there are two advantageous variants, as the hot water can be provided particularly efficient both in summer mode and in winter mode. According to the first preferred variant, two decentralized heat pumps are assigned to each of the decentralized hot water storage tanks. A first of these two decentralized heat pumps is optimized to use a fluid having a temperature in the range of 15 ° C to 35 ° C, particularly preferably in the range of 15 ° C to 25 ° C as an energy source to the respective associated decentralized hot water tank contained water to the extraction temperature to heat. A second of these two decentralized heat pumps, however, is optimized to use a fluid having a temperature in the range of 70 ° C to 90 ° C and 40 ° C to 55 ° C as an energy source to the water contained in each associated decentralized hot water tank to heat the extraction temperature. According to the second preferred variant, however, only one decentralized heat pump is assigned to the decentralized hot water storage tanks, which is optimized for a fluid with a temperature in the range of 15 ° C to 35 ° C, particularly preferably in the range of 20 ° C to 35 ° C. to use as an energy source to heat the water contained in each associated decentralized hot water tank to the extraction temperature. However, the decentralized hot water storage tanks each comprise a first heat exchanger, by means of which the water contained in the respective decentralized hot water storage tank can be heated to the removal temperature. This first heat exchanger is in each case connected to the respective decentralized hot water storage associated decentral heat pump that the fluid flows from the associated decentralized circuit only through the first heat exchanger and gives off heat to the water contained in the decentralized hot water tank and then flows through the decentralized heat pump, where he is deprived of more energy by the heat pump.

Advantageously, the decentralized circuits each have an inlet and a return, via which they are connected to the central memory. In this case, the decentralized circuits may each be connected to the inlet and the return directly or indirectly via a line system with or without additional memory to the central memory. Regardless of whether the decentralized circuits are directly or indirectly connected to the central storage, the inlet and the return have the advantage that the fluid can be passed via the inlet into the respective decentralized circuit and discharged via the return from the respective decentralized circuit can be. Accordingly, the inlet and the return make it possible to guide the fluid through the decentralized circuits.

Alternatively, there is also the possibility that the decentralized circuits are not ever connected via an inlet and a return to the central memory. For example, there is the possibility that one, several or all decentralized circuits are only connected via an inlet or only via a return to the central memory. In the first case, the fluid can be passed, for example via the inlet from the central storage in the respective decentralized circuit and after passing through the respective decentralized circuit in a drain instead of back to the central storage. In the second case, however, the fluid can be passed, for example, from a supply line in the respective decentralized circuit before it is passed via the return to the central storage.

Preferably, the arrangement comprises a central distribution connected to the central distribution circuit, via which the decentralized circuits are connected to the central memory. In this case, the decentralized circuits can be connected at the same point to the central distribution circuit. However, there is also the possibility that the decentralized circuits are connected in succession at different points to the central distribution circuit. In this case, the decentralized circuits can be peeled successively or in parallel next to one another in series. However, they can also be connected to the central distribution circuit in such a way that, as the central distribution circuit flows through, part of the fluid flows in succession through the decentralized circuits, while another part of the fluid flows only through one of the decentralized circuits. If, for example, the central storage is located in the basement of the building and the decentralized circuits are located on the ground floor or the upper floors, this has the advantage that not every decentralized circuit must reach into the basement of the building, but through the Cellar in the upper floors guided distribution circuit can be supplied with fluid. Accordingly, the decentralized circuits may be shorter, which requires fewer leads and the arrangement is less complex.

Alternatively, there is also the possibility that one, several or all of the decentralized circuits are connected directly to the central memory. Such an alternative may be advantageous, for example, if the decentralized circuits run in different directions starting from the central store and enter

6 distribution circuit could not be run from the central storage in a single direction, but would have to be laid around the central storage around to provide the decentralized circuits with fluid.

If the arrangement comprises a central distribution circuit and the decentralized circuits each have an inlet and a return, the decentralized circuits are preferably connected with their inlet and with their return to the central distribution circuit. This has the advantage that the decentralized circuits can be supplied with fluid in a simple manner.

As a variant, but also the possibility that one, several or all of the decentralized circuits are connected only with their inlet or only with their return to the central distribution circuit. In the first case, this may be advantageous, for example, if the fluid is conducted via the inlet through the central distribution circuit from the central storage into the respective decentralized circulation and after passing through the respective decentralized circulation into an outflow instead of back to the central storage. In the second case, on the other hand, this can be advantageous, for example, when the fluid is conducted from one supply line into the respective decentralized circuit, before it is conducted via the return line and the central distribution circuit into the central store. Equally, however, this can also be advantageous if the respective decentralized circuit is connected only to the inlet or only to the return at the central distribution circuit and is connected to the return or inlet directly to the central storage.

Alternatively, there is also the possibility that the decentralized circuits are connected neither with their inlet nor with their return to the central distribution circuit.

If the decentralized circuits each have an inlet and a return, the decentralized heat pumps are advantageously each connected to the return of one of the decentralized circuits. This has the advantage that the fluid first flows through the respective decentralized circuit before it is passed at the return of the respective decentralized circuit to the corresponding decentralized heat pump. Accordingly, the fluid in the decentralized circuit can release heat before it is passed to the associated decentralized heat pump, where it can be withdrawn by the heat pump from its residual heat energy. In the same way, however, the fluid can also absorb heat in the decentralized circuit before it is conducted to the associated heat pump, where it can be withdrawn from the energy or at least part of this energy by the heat pump. Therefore, the connection of the decentralized heat pumps to the return of one of the decentralized circuits has the advantage that the stored energy in the fluid is routed to the heat pumps on a short path to be used for the provision of hot water can. Accordingly, this allows an efficient use of energy.

Alternatively, there is also the possibility that the decentralized heat pumps are not ever connected to the return of one of the decentralized circuits, but that at least one of the decentral heat pumps to the inlet or between the inlet and the return to one of the decentralized circuits connected. Such an alternative may be advantageous, for example, if the return of one or more of the decentralized circuits is not accessible or very far away from the corresponding decentralized heat pump.

Preferably, the decentralized heat pumps are each connected to a supply line and a return line to one of the decentralized circuits. This has the advantage that the heat pumps can be supplied with fluid in a simple manner. In this case, this advantage is achieved regardless of whether all or only a portion of the fluid flowing through one of the decentralized circuits, flows to the decentralized circuit through the connected decentralized heat pump.

As a preferred variant of the decentralized heat pump but can also be connected to a supply line to one of the decentralized circuits and directly or indirectly with a return line to the central memory. This also has the advantage that the heat pumps can be supplied with fluid in a simple manner. In this case, this advantage is achieved regardless of whether all or only a portion of the fluid flowing through one of the decentralized circuits, flows to the decentralized circuit through the connected decentralized heat pump.

If the decentral heat pumps are each connected to a supply line and a return line to one of the decentralized circuits, a backflow preventer is preferably arranged in the decentralized circuits between the supply line and the return line to the respective decentralized heat pump, which in the respective decentralized cycle a back flow prevents the fluid. Accordingly, this backflow preventer is a device which can only be passed through in one direction or not at all by the fluid. The backflow preventer can therefore be a valve, for example. Since the supply line is preferably connected in the direction of flow of the fluid in the respective decentralized circuit before the return to the respective decentralized circuit and the backflow preventer is preferably connected between the supply line and the return line to the decentralized circuit, the backflow preventer has the advantage that it prevents in that fluid which has already flowed to the respective heat pump can not flow directly from the return line back into the supply line and again to the respective heat pump.

Alternatively, however, there is also the possibility that no backflow preventer is arranged between the supply line and the return line to the decentralized heat pump. Such a variant has the advantage, for example, that the arrangement can be made simpler and therefore less expensive.

Advantageously, the decentralized heat pumps are each assigned a decentralized feed pump, which can pump fluid from the decentralized circuit through the associated decentralized heat pump. This decentralized feed pump

7 can be integrated in the decentralized heat pump. But it can also be installed in the line for the fluid such as in a supply line or a return line to the respective decentralized heat pump or in the respective decentralized circuit. The advantage of the decentralized feed pump is that in a simple manner, the amount of fluid flowing through the respective decentralized heat pump can be controlled. Since the decentralized heat pumps extract energy from the fluid in order to heat the water contained in the decentralized hot water storage tanks to the removal temperature, the provision of the hot water can be influenced and controlled in a simple manner by the decentralized supply pump.

As a preferred variant of this, however, there is also the possibility that the decentralized heat pumps are each assigned a decentralized valve, which can control the amount of fluid that flows from the decentralized circuit through the associated decentralized heat pump. This also has the advantage that in a simple way the provision of hot water can be influenced and controlled. This advantage can be achieved regardless of whether the valve is arranged in the supply line or the return line to the respective decentralized heat pump or in the respective decentralized circuit.

Alternatively, however, there is also the possibility that the decentralized heat pump neither a decentralized feed pump nor a decentralized valve is assigned to influence the amount of fluid flowing through the respective decentralized heat pump, and to control. Such an alternative has the advantage that the arrangement can be made simpler and thus cheaper.

If the decentralized heat pumps are each assigned a decentralized feed pump, which can pump fluid from the decentralized circuit through the associated decentralized heat pump, the decentralized feed pumps are preferably arranged in each case before or after the associated decentralized heat pump. If the decentralized heat pumps are each connected to a feed line and a return line to one of the decentralized circuits, then the decentralized feed pumps are each preferably arranged in the feed line or the return line. This has the advantage that the decentralized feed pumps can be arranged easily accessible for maintenance.

As a preferred variant of this, however, there is also the possibility that the decentralized feed pumps are each integrated in the associated decentralized heat pump. This has the advantage that the combination of the decentralized feed pump and decentralized heat pump can be constructed in a more compact and thus space-saving manner. Accordingly, it can be achieved that the arrangement takes up less space.

Alternatively, there is also the possibility that the decentralized feed pumps are each arranged in the associated decentralized circuit. This can also have the advantage that the decentralized feed pumps can be arranged easily accessible for maintenance.

Preferably, each of the decentralized hot water tank is associated with a decentralized control, which can control a heating of the water contained in the associated decentralized hot water tank to the discharge temperature. This has the advantage that the heating of the water to the removal temperature can be controlled independently of the central heating device. This advantage is achieved independently of whether the decentralized controls each control one or more associated decentralized heat pumps or at most an associated decentralized feed pump or a decentralized valve.

Alternatively, there is also the possibility that not every decentralized hot water tank is assigned a decentralized control. Such an alternative has the advantage that the arrangement can be made simpler and thus cheaper.

Preferably, each of the decentralized hot water tank is assigned a decentralized temperature sensor, which can measure a temperature of the water contained in the associated decentralized hot water tank. Such a decentralized temperature sensor has the advantage that it can be determined in a simple manner whether the water contained in the decentralized hot water tank has reached the extraction temperature or not. Accordingly, such a decentralized temperature sensor facilitates the control and the control of the provision of hot water.

Alternatively, there is also the possibility that not every decentralized hot water tank is assigned a decentralized temperature sensor. Such an alternative has the advantage that the arrangement can be made simpler and thus cheaper.

If each of the decentralized hot water storage a decentralized control and a decentralized temperature sensor are assigned, it is preferably connected to each of the decentralized hot water tank, the associated remote temperature sensor with the associated remote control to transmit temperature data from the remote temperature sensor for decentralized control. This has the advantage that the provision of hot water in the associated hot water tank can be optimally controlled and controlled by means of the decentralized control.

Alternatively, there is also the possibility that the respective decentralized hot water tank associated with the temperature sensor is not connected to the respective decentralized hot water tank associated with decentralized control.

[0056] Advantageously, a hot water generation system for the arrangement according to the invention comprises a decentralized hot water storage tank and at least one decentralized heat pump associated with the decentralized hot water storage tank. In this hot water generation system, the decentralized hot water tank and the at least one decentralized heat pump can be assembled, for example, to form a common unit.

Preferably, the hot water production system is a tall cabinet boiler, which has a width of at most 549 mm and a depth of at most 549 mm and a height of at most 2399 mm. This has the advantage that the tall cabinet boiler of the former Swiss SINK standard, which corresponds to today's "Swiss Mass System" (SMS), is sufficient and accordingly simply installed in an existing building in a corridor, kitchen, bathroom or storage room can be. This allows the hot water generation system to be easily housed in a home, office or workshop. The hot water generation system may also be designed differently than in the form of a tall cabinet boiler.

Regardless of whether the hot water generation system is a high cabinet boiler or not, the hot water generation system is advantageously connected to a power grid with 230 V plus / minus 10% with alternating current of a frequency of 60Hz and a maximum current of 10A. This has the advantage that the hot water generation system can be installed on a commonly existing power grid in Europe and Switzerland, without a special electrical installation with higher operating voltages is needed. The hot water generation system can also be designed for another power supply to its power supply.

Regardless of whether the hot water production system is a high cabinet boiler or not and for what type of power supply, the hot water generation system is formed, the hot water generation system preferably comprises a decentralized water treatment device for decalcifying the water. In this case, this decentralized water treatment device is preferably arranged in front of the decentralized hot water tank, so that the water, which is passed into the decentralized hot water tank, can be decalcified in advance by the decentralized water treatment device. This decentralized water treatment device is preferably an ion exchanger or an osmosis device which extracts lime from the water.

Regardless of whether such a hot water generation system is designed as a tall cabinet boiler or otherwise, it may include a decentralized temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of the water contained in the decentralized hot water tank. Furthermore, there is also the possibility that such a hot water generation system comprises a decentralized feed pump or a decentralized valve, which can control and control the amount of fluid flowing through the decentralized heat pump. In addition, there is the possibility that such a hot water generation system includes a decentralized control, by which the provision of hot water can be controlled and controlled. In this case, the decentralized control can be supplied, for example, from an optionally present decentralized temperature sensor temperature data to the temperature of the water contained in the decentralized hot water tank. In addition, the decentralized heat pump can be switched on or off by the decentralized control, for example for controlling the provision of hot water, or the pumping intensity of the decentralized heat pump can be adjustable. For this purpose, a distributed decentralized feed pump may also be switched on or off by means of the decentralized control, or the pumping intensity of this decentralized feed pump may be adjustable. In the same way, however, the decentralized control means that a possibly existing decentralized valve can be controlled in order to control and control the amount of fluid flowing through the heat pump.

It is obvious that in the inventive arrangement for one of the decentralized hot water tank and the one or more associated decentralized heat pumps each such a hot water generation system can be used. Since this hot water generation system can be manufactured and sold as a unit, it has the advantage that an arrangement according to the invention can be installed in a simple manner in a building. It should be noted, however, that such a hot water production system can also be used separately from the arrangement according to the invention. Thus, for example, it can also be used together with a heater which does not comprise a plurality of decentralized circuits but only one circuit for the fluid. In such a case, the hot water production system can be connected to this one circuit as described for the decentralized circuits.

Preferably, a connection unit for the inventive arrangement comprises a backflow preventer, two connections for the serial installation of the connection unit in a decentralized circuit and two further, separate connections, wherein a first of the two separate connections is adapted to remove fluid from the decentralized circuit and a second of the two separate ports is adapted to supply fluid to the decentralized circuit. If such a connection unit is installed serially in a decentralized circuit, the fluid flowing through the decentralized circuit flows through one of the two connections for the serial installation of the connection unit into the connection unit and through the other of the two connections for the serial installation of the connection unit again out of the connection unit out. In this case, all or a part of the fluid which flows into the connection unit through one of the two connections for the serial installation of the connection unit can first pass through the first of the two separate connections from the connection unit to one of the decentralized heat pumps of the arrangement according to the invention and from there again through the second of the two separate connections back into the connection unit

9, before the fluid flows out of the connector unit through the other of the two connectors for serial installation of the connector unit.

It is obvious that in the inventive arrangement each such a connection unit can be used to connect a decentralized heat pump or one of the above-described hot water generation systems with one of the decentralized circuits. Since the terminal units can be manufactured and sold separately, they have the advantage that they allow in a simple way to install in a building, the inventive arrangement by being installed in a decentralized circuit and by a supply line and a return line with the associated decentralized heat pump or possibly the associated hot water generation system.

Preferably, the two separate connections with the backflow preventer between them are arranged in series between the two connections for the installation of the connection unit in a decentralized circuit. This has the advantage that the backflow preventer prevents fluid which has already flowed back into the connection unit through a first of the two separate connections from the connection unit to the decentralized heat pump or the hot water production system and through the second of the two separate connections directly back to first separate connection and thus again to the decentralized heat pump or the hot water generation system can flow. Accordingly, this has the advantage that the provision of hot water is optimized.

Alternatively, there is also the possibility that the two separate connections are not arranged with the return valve between them in series between the two terminals for the installation of the connection unit in a decentralized circuit.

From the following detailed description and the totality of the claims, there are further advantageous embodiments and feature combinations of the invention.

Brief description of the drawings

The drawings used to explain the embodiment show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an inventive arrangement for controlling the temperature of building spaces and to provide hot water.

2 is a schematic representation of a decentralized circuit which is connected to a central distribution circuit,

3a, b each show a schematic representation of a hot water generation system, which can be used in the inventive arrangement,

4 shows a schematic representation of a second arrangement according to the invention for controlling the temperature of building spaces and for providing hot water, and

Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a third arrangement according to the invention, in which radiators or radiators are used as heat exchangers in the decentralized circuits.

Basically, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.

Ways to carry out the invention

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an inventive arrangement 1 for controlling the temperature of building spaces and for providing hot water. The arrangement 1 comprises a central heating device 2 and a central storage 3 for a fluid. In the present case, this fluid is water. The fluid may also be another liquid or a gas such as a noble gas, air or another gas mixture. The central heating device 2 may, for example, be the heating device of a known oil or gas central heating system. But it can also be a known heat pump, which extracts energy for heating the fluid of the ambient air or which uses geothermal heat to heat the fluid. For the power supply of the oil or gas heater or the heat pump, for example, electrical power from solar cells or from a wind turbine can be used. But there is also the possibility that the oil or gas heater or the heat pump is supplied by the mains with electricity.

In addition to the central heating device 2 and the central storage 3, the arrangement 1 comprises a central distribution circuit 4, which is connected to the central storage 3. This central distribution circuit 4 comprises an ascending strand 4.1 and a descending strand 4.2. Both the ascending strand 4.1 and the descending strand 4.2 are both connected to the central memory 3. As illustrated in FIG. 1 by the dashed connection, the two strands 4.1, 4.2 are connected to each other so that fluid can flow from one strand 4.1 into the other strand 4.2. Accordingly, fluid from the central memory 3 by the ascending strand 4.1

10 of the central distribution circuit 4 in the descending strand 4.2 of the central Verteilkreislaufs 4 flow, to then flow back into the central memory 3 back. In order to allow the fluid to flow continuously through the central distribution circuit 4, the arrangement 1 comprises a central circulation pump 5, which is arranged in the vicinity of the central memory 3 on the rising strand 4.1. This circulation pump 5 pumps the fluid continuously from the central storage 3 through the central distribution circuit 4 and back into the central storage 3. Between the circulation pump 5 and the central storage 3 is a three-way valve 17 is arranged, which allows fluid through a bypass line 18th From the descending strand 4.2 of the central distribution circuit 4 directly back into the ascending strand 4.1 of the central distribution circuit 4 to lead.

In order to be able to control the temperature of the fluid in the central distribution circuit 4, the central heating device 2 comprises a central control unit 14. This central control unit 14 obtains temperature data from a first temperature sensor 15, which is arranged outside the building and from a second temperature sensor 16 , which is arranged in the central distribution circuit 4 after the circulation pump 5. The central control unit 14 controls the central Fleizvorrichtung 2, the circulation pump 5 and the three-way valve 17. Thus, the central Fleizvorrichtung

2 does not have to be constantly switched on and off, the central control unit 14 is designed such that it controls by the three-way valve 17 each a desired amount of fluid from the descending strand 4.2 of the central distribution circuit 4 again in the ascending strand 4.1 of the central distribution circuit 4 passes where it is mixed with fluid from the central storage 3. Since the fluid from the descending strand 4.2 is slightly cooler than the fluid from the central reservoir 3, the desired temperature of the fluid in the rising strand 4.1 can be adjusted by a suitable mixing ratio. In this case, the temperature of the fluid in the ascending strand 4.1 can be checked in each case with the second temperature sensor 16.

At the central distribution circuit 4, two or more decentralized circuits 6 are connected. Since these decentralized circuits 6 are constructed substantially the same or at least very similar, only one of these decentralized circuits 6 is shown in FIG. 1 to illustrate the decentralized circuits 6. The other decentralized circuits are arranged in the region of the dashed line, which illustrates the connection of the ascending strand 4.1 with the descending strand 4.2 of the central distribution circuit 4.

As illustrated in FIG. 1 with reference to one of the decentralized circuits 6, the decentralized circuits 6 are connected to an inflow 6.1 on the ascending strand 4.1 of the central distribution circuit 4. In addition, the decentralized circuits 6 are connected to a reflux 6.2 at the descending strand 4.2 of the central distribution circuit 4. Therefore, the ascending strand 4.1 and the descending strand 4.2 of the central distribution circuit 4 are interconnected by the decentralized circuits 6, so that fluid from the rising strand 4.1 of the central distribution circuit 4 flows through the decentralized circuits 6 in the descending strand 4.2 of the central distribution circuit 4. While the fluid flows through such a decentralized circuit 6, it can by means of a heat exchanger, such as a floor heating, wall heating, ceiling heating or a radiator or a radiator with one or more of the building spaces heat exchange. In this case, when the central heating device 2 is turned on and heats up the fluid in the central storage 3, the building spaces can be heated with the heated fluid through this heat exchange. In contrast, if the central heating device 2 is turned off and the fluid in the central memory

3 does not heat, can be cooled by this heat exchange, the building spaces with the unheated fluid.

In order to determine each how much energy is needed in a particular decentralized circuit 6 for heating or how much energy is absorbed in this decentralized circuit 6 by the cooling of the fluid is at the beginning of the inflow 6.1 of the decentralized circuit. 6 a first sensor 7.1 is arranged, which measures both the temperature of the fluid and the flow rate of the fluid. In addition, at the end of the reflux 6.2 of the decentralized circuit 6, a second sensor 7.2 is arranged, which also measures both the temperature of the fluid and the flow rate of the fluid. By the difference of the measurement data from these two sensors 7.1, 7.2 can be determined how much energy the fluid emits or absorbs during the passage of the respective decentralized circuit 6.

In the region of the end of the return flow 6.2 of the decentralized circuits 6, a supply line 8.1 to a decentralized heat pump 20 and a return line 8.2 from the decentralized heat pump 20 back to the return flow 6.2 of each respective seen in the flow direction of the fluid before the second sensor 7.2 decentralized circuit 6 connected. In this case, the connection of the supply line 8.1 is in each case arranged in the flow direction of the fluid before the connection of the return line 8.2 at the return flow 6.2. Furthermore, a backflow preventer 9 is arranged in the decentralized circuit 6 between the connection of the supply line 8.1 and the connection of the return line 8.2. This backflow preventer 9 prevents a flow of fluid in the reverse direction. This prevents fluid which flows through the supply line 8.1 to the decentralized heat pump 20 and through the return line 8.2 back into the decentralized circuit 6, can flow directly again into the supply line 8.1 to the decentralized heat pump 20. In addition, the backflow preventer prevents 9 that fluid that does not flow into the supply line 8.1, but flows within the decentralized circuit 6 from the connection of the supply line 8.1 through the backflow preventer 9 to connect the return line 8.2, directly back to the connection of the supply line can flow 8.1.

The connection of the supply line 8.1, the connection of the return line 8.2, and the backflow preventer 9 can be produced together as a connection unit A, distributed and installed in a new or existing building with a heater. Such a connection unit A comprises two connections with which the connection unit A in

11 a decentralized circuit 6 can be installed in series, so flowing through the decentralized circuit 6 flowing fluid through the first port into the terminal unit A and through the second port again from the terminal unit A out and in the decentralized circuit 6 continues. In addition, such a connection unit A comprises two separate connections, of which a first serves as a connection for the supply line 8.1 and a second as a connection for the return line 8.2. Such a connection unit A has the advantage that it can be installed in a simple manner in an existing decentralized circuit 6. For this purpose, it is sufficient to use the connection unit A in the decentralized circuit 6 and connect to the supply line 8.1 and the return line 8.2. Accordingly, this simplifies the equipment of a new or existing building with the inventive arrangement. 1

Thus, the amount of fluid, which per unit time from the decentralized circuit 6 to the decentralized heat pump

20 flows, can be controlled and controlled, a decentralized feed pump 10 is arranged in the supply line 8.1 to the decentralized heat pump 20. This decentralized feed pump 10 can be switched on and off in order to supply the decentralized heat pump 20 with fluid. Depending on the embodiment, however, it is also possible that additionally the pumping intensity of the decentralized supply pump 10 can be controlled.

The decentralized heat pump 20 is a known heat pump and is used to heat water in one of the decentralized heat pump 20 associated, decentralized hot water tank 30. This decentralized heat pump 20 includes an evaporator side and a condenser side. On the evaporator side, the fluid is supplied via the supply line 8.1 of the decentralized heat pump 20 and passed through a first heat exchanger 21, to be then led away with the return line 8.2 again from the decentralized heat pump 20. When passing through the first heat exchanger 21, the fluid releases energy to a refrigerant, which is located in a pumping circuit 22 of the decentralized heat pump 20. This refrigerant is vaporized by the energy released by the fluid. To allow this evaporation, the refrigerant should be selected according to the temperature of the fluid. For example, if the fluid is passed into the first heat exchanger 21 at a temperature of 28 ° C and cooled to 24 ° C in the first heat exchanger 21, the refrigerant used may be, for example, the refrigerant commercially available under the name "R134a". Of course, however, other refrigerants can be used.

After the refrigerant is evaporated in the first heat exchanger 21, it is compressed in the pumping circuit 22 by a high-pressure compressor, thereby increasing its temperature. As a result, the refrigerant, for example, reach a temperature of 60 ° C. The thus heated refrigerant is passed on the condenser side of the decentral heat pump 20 through a second heat exchanger 23, where it gives off energy and is re-liquefied. It can be cooled from 60 ° C to 55 ° C, for example. Finally, the liquefied refrigerant is passed through an expansion valve, after which it returns to the first heat exchanger at lower pressure and lower temperature

21 is headed.

With the energy that is released from the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 23, the water contained in the decentralized hot water tank 30 can be heated. For this purpose, the decentralized heat pump 20 and the decentralized hot water storage 30 can be constructed in various ways. For example, the second heat exchanger 23 may be arranged in the water tank of the decentralized hot water storage tank 30 or externally guided around the water tank of the decentralized hot water storage tank 30. But there is also the possibility that another fluid circuit 24 is interposed, the fluid is heated by the second heat exchanger 23 and which warms up the water contained in the decentralized hot water tank 30. The latter design variant is illustrated in FIG. 1.

In Fig. 1, a decentralized control 25 is also shown, which controls the heating of the water in the decentralized hot water tank 30 and controls. For this purpose, a temperature sensor 26 is installed in the water tank of the decentralized hot water tank 30, which measures the current temperature of the water in the decentralized hot water tank 30. This temperature sensor 26 is connected to the remote controller 25. If the temperature data transmitted by the temperature sensor 26 to the decentralized control 25 indicate a lower temperature than a switch-on temperature, the decentralized control 25 switches on the decentralized supply pump 10 and the decentralized heat pump 20 or enables them if the decentralized supply pump 10 and the decentralized heat pump 20 already in operation. If, on the other hand, the temperature data transmitted by the temperature sensor 26 indicate a higher temperature than a switch-off temperature, the decentralized controller 25 switches off the decentralized supply pump 10 and the decentralized heat pump 20 or switches them off if the decentralized supply pump 10 and the decentralized heat pump 20 have already been switched off. So that the decentralized control 25 does not permanently switch on and off the decentralized feed pump 10 and the decentralized heat pump 20, the switch-on temperature is a few degrees Celsius lower than the switch-off temperature.

If such decentralized controller 25 is provided in each of the decentralized hot water storage tanks 30, the provision of domestic hot water can be controlled separately for each of the decentralized hot water storage tanks 30. Thus, for example, be set separately in each of the decentralized hot water tank 30, whether the water contained in it should be heated to 60 ° C to prevent any Legionellenbildung, or whether the water contained in it should be heated to 45 ° C to to operate the decentralized hot water tank 30 as economically and ecologically as possible.

In order to facilitate the maintenance of the decentral hot water storage tank 30, they each include a closable opening 31, which allows access to the water tank of the decentralized hot water tank 30. As a result, maintenance such as descaling of the water tank or any repairs can be made easier.

In Fig. 1, the decentralized heat pump 20 and the decentralized hot water tank 30 are assembled as hot water generation system B with the decentralized heat pump 20 mounted on the decentralized hot water tank 30 shown. Such a hot water production system B may, for example, be constructed in the form of a tall cabinet boiler having a width and a depth of 548 mm each and a height of 1710 mm, 1950 mm or 2150 mm. However, there is also the possibility that the decentralized heat pump 20 and the decentralized hot water storage tank 30 are arranged separately and are connected to one another only via the second heat exchanger 23 or the further fluid circuit 24. When the decentralized heat pump 20 and the decentralized hot water storage tank 30 are assembled as the hot water generation system B as shown in Fig. 1, this has the advantage that the hot water production system B can be manufactured as a unit, distributed and installed in a building. Accordingly, this simplifies the equipment of a new or existing building with an existing heater with the inventive arrangement 1. It does not matter whether the hot water generation system B also includes the temperature sensor, the decentralized control 25 and possibly the decentralized feed pump 10 or not.

As can be seen in Fig. 1, the building equipped with the arrangement 1 comprises a water pipe 40. This water pipe 40 serves to supply the building with cold fresh water. This water pipe 40 is connected via decentralized water pipes 43 with the existing decentralized hot water tanks 30 in the building and with consumption points 41 such as faucets in bathrooms or kitchens. Therefore, the water tank of the decentralized hot water tank 30 are supplied by the water pipe 40 with fresh water. This fresh water is introduced into the lower region of the water tank of the decentralized hot water tank 30, where it is heated to the removal temperature as described above. In order to use the thus provided hot water, a hot water pipe 42 is connected in the upper part of the water tank of the decentralized hot water tank 30, which connects the decentralized hot water tank 30 each with consumption points 41. As a result, 41 hot water can be purchased when needed at the consumption points.

As already mentioned, the arrangement 1 can be used both for heating the building spaces and for cooling the building spaces. If the building spaces are to be heated, the arrangement 1 can be operated in a winter mode. In this case, the fluid or the water is heated by the central heating device 2. This heated water flows through the central distribution circuit 4 in the decentralized circuits 6, in which each individually by means of valves, the flow rate of the heated fluid can be controlled. As a result, the heating of the building spaces can be customized in a known manner. Since the decentralized heat pumps 20 are each connected in the region of the end of the return 6.2 of the decentralized circuit 6, in each case the remaining heat stored in the fluid can be used as an energy source for the provision of hot water in the decentralized hot water tanks 30. By means of the first sensor 7.1 and the second sensor 7.2 and by means of a counter, not shown here, for the electric power consumed by the hot water production system B and the decentralized feed pump 10, it is also possible to determine for each decentralized circuit 6 in each case in a simple manner how much energy is consumed Heating and is consumed to provide the hot water.

On the other hand, if the building spaces are not to be heated but to be cooled, the arrangement 1 can be operated in a summer mode. In this case, the fluid or water is not heated by the central heating device 2. Accordingly, cold water flows through the central distribution circuit 4 into the decentralized circuits 6, in which the flow rate of the cold water can be individually controlled by means of valves. This allows the cooling of the building rooms to be customized. Since the decentralized heat pumps 20 are each connected in the region of the end of the return 6.2 of the decentralized circuit 6, the fluid has absorbed energy during the cooling of the building spaces when it reaches the respective decentralized heat pump 20. Accordingly, absorbed by the cooling of the building spaces from the fluid energy can be used as an energy source for the provision of hot water in the decentralized hot water tanks 30. In order to optimize the cooling of the building spaces and the provision of hot water in this approach, it may be advantageous to keep the fluid with the central heating device 2 at a minimum temperature of 16 ° C. For this purpose, the temperature of the fluid can be monitored with the temperature sensor 16 and adjusted correctly by means of the control unit 14. If, however, the fluid absorbs more energy when passing through the decentralized circuits 6 than is subsequently removed again in the decentralized heat pumps 20, it may also be advantageous if the arrangement 1 also comprises a central cooling device, by means of which the fluid in the central distribution circuit 4 or in the central storage 3 can be cooled to a maximum temperature.

Even in summer mode can be determined by means of the first sensor 7.1 and the second sensor 7.2 and by means of an electricity meter, not shown here for each decentralized circuit 6 in a simple manner, how much energy is consumed for cooling and to provide the hot water.

If, in addition, as shown in Fig. 1, the fresh water from the water pipe 40 is passed in each case via a decentralized water pipe 43 to the decentralized hot water tanks 30 and the consumption points 41, can

13 arranged by means of an initially decentralized water pipe 43, decentralized water meter 44 also the water consumption for certain building spaces are determined. This is particularly advantageous if the building is, for example, an apartment building, in which the decentralized circuits 6 and the decentralized water pipes 43 are each assigned to an apartment. If in addition each apartment is assigned its own meter for the electric current, the energy consumption and the water consumption can be determined in a simple manner for each apartment. This allows a simple calculation of the costs of energy consumption and water consumption for each of the apartments in a simple way.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a decentralized circuit 6, which is connected to the central distribution circuit 4. In this case, the first and second sensors 7.1, 7.2, which are arranged at the beginning of the inflow 6.1 or at the end of the reflux 6.2 of the decentralized circuit 6, are shown. Furthermore, the two connections for the supply line 8.1 and the return line 8.2 for the decentralized heat pump 20 (not illustrated here) and the backflow preventer 9 arranged between these two connections are also shown.

The illustrated in Fig. 2 decentralized circuit 6 comprises a floor heating for one or more building spaces, which can be controlled by valves 1 1. In order to maintain the clarity of the presentation, a heat exchanger 12 of the floor heating is shown only for one of the building spaces. Therefore, some connections 13.1, ... 13.10 are shown at the inflow 6.1 and at the reflux 6.2 of the decentralized circuit 6 without associated heat exchanger. In order to be able to control the floor heating in the respective building spaces, a respective temperature sensor 19 is arranged in the respective building space and transmits temperature data to a control, not shown here, belonging to the respective building space. In order to adjust the room temperature, this control can control the valve 1 1 belonging to the respective building space.

The two FIGS. 3a and 3b each show a schematic representation of a hot water generation system 50, 60, which can be used in an inventive arrangement 1 as described above in connection with FIG. In both hot water generation systems 50, 60, the decentralized heat pump 51, 61 are each arranged above the decentralized hot water storage tank 52, 62. In addition, in each case a further fluid circuit 53, 63 is connected to both decentralized heat pumps 51, 61 on the condenser side, the fluid of which is heated by means of the second heat exchanger 54, 64 by the respective decentralized heat pump 51, 61. In the hot water generation system 50 shown in Fig. 3a, the further fluid circuit 53 is guided in the water tank of the decentralized hot water tank 52 to heat the water contained in the decentralized hot water tank 52 to the discharge temperature. In contrast, in the hot water generating system 60 shown in Fig. 3b, the further fluid circuit 63 is wound in the form of a roll collar around the water tank of the decentralized hot water tank 62 to heat the water contained in the water tank to the discharge temperature. The latter variant is particularly advantageous when the fluid in the fluid circuit 63 is not water, but another liquid or gas, since it can not flow directly into the water tank in a leak and contaminate the water contained therein.

4 shows a schematic representation of a further arrangement 100 according to the invention for controlling the temperature of building spaces and for providing hot water. This arrangement 100 is largely identical to the arrangement 1 already shown in FIG. 1. As in the schematic illustration shown in FIG. 1, only one of the decentralized circuits 6 is shown in FIG. In contrast to the arrangement 1 from FIG. 1, in the arrangement 100 in FIG. 4, however, the connection unit A is represented by a rectangle. In addition, the hot water production system 70 shown in FIG. 4 differs from the hot water production system B shown in FIG. 1. The difference on the one hand is that the decentralized heat pump 71 is arranged below the decentralized hot water storage 72. On the other hand, the difference is that the further fluid circuit 73 is wound around the water tank of the decentralized hot water tank 72 in order to heat the water contained in the decentralized hot water tank 72 to the removal temperature.

In the inventive arrangements 1, 100 shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the use of energy for the provision of hot water is particularly well optimized, if in the decentralized circuits 6 area heat exchangers are provided, as for example in floor heating, wall heating or ceiling heating be used. In this case, the fluid or water is heated in winter mode in the central storage 3 by the central heating device 2 to about 35 ° C and passed at this temperature in the decentralized circuits 6, where it is cooled due to the heat exchange. Accordingly, the fluid still has a temperature of about 20 ° C to about 35 ° C when it arrives at the decentral heat pumps 20, 71. On the other hand, when these assemblies 1, 100 are operated in the summer mode and the fluid in the central storage 3 is not heated by the central heater 2, the fluid has a temperature of about 15 ° C to about 20 ° C when entering the decentralized circuits 6 is directed. In the decentralized circuits 6, therefore, the fluid is heated due to the heat exchange with the building spaces to be cooled and has a temperature of about 15 ° C to about 25 ° C when it reaches the decentralized heat pumps 20, 71. Accordingly, the fluid has a temperature of 15 ° C to 35 ° C in both winter mode and summer mode when it reaches the decentralized heat pumps 20, 71. Therefore, for optimal energy use, the decentralized heat pumps 20, 71 can be optimized for a fluid having a temperature in the range of 15 ° C to 35 ° C as the energy source.

However, if radiators or radiators are provided in the decentralized circuits 6, the situation in winter mode is different. In this case, the fluid or water in the central storage 3 is heated by the central heating device 2 depending on the type of heating to about 40 ° C to 55 ° C or 70 ° C to 90 ° C and at this temperature in

14 the decentralized circuits 6 passed where it is cooled due to the heat exchange. Accordingly, the fluid still has a temperature of about 35 ° C to 55 ° C or 60 ° C to about 90 ° C when it arrives at the decentral heat pumps 20, 71. In summer mode, however, the fluid also has a temperature of 15 ° C to 35 ° C for radiators or radiators in the decentralized circuits 6 when it reaches the decentralized heat pumps 20, 71. In such arrangements, it is in principle possible that decentralized heat pumps 20, 71 are used which are equipped both with a fluid having a temperature in the range of 15 ° C to 35 ° C and with a fluid having a temperature in the range of about 35 ° C to 55 ° C and 60 ° C to about 90 ° C as an energy source can heat the water contained in the decentralized hot water tanks 30, 71 to the removal temperature. However, in order to optimize the provision of hot water, it is also possible that each decentralized hot water tank two decentral heat pumps are assigned. A first of these decentralized heat pumps may be optimized for a fluid having a temperature in the range of 15 ° C to 35 ° C as the energy source, while the second of these two decentralized heat pumps for a fluid having a temperature in the range of 35 ° C to 55 ° C or 60 ° C to 90 ° C can be optimized as an energy source. In such an embodiment, in summer mode, the first of the two decentralized heat pumps can be used for heating the water contained in each decentralized hot water tank, while in winter mode, the second of the two decentralized heat pumps can be used for heating the water contained in each decentralized hot water tank. Accordingly, the two decentralized heat pumps, for example, be arranged so that the fluid is passed first through the evaporator side of the one and then through the evaporator side of the other of the two decentral heat pumps. But it is also possible that is controlled by a valve that the fluid flows in the winter mode through the evaporator side of the one and in summer mode by the evaporator side of the other of the two decentralized heat pumps.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a further arrangement 200 according to the invention, in which 6 radiators or radiators 201 are used in the decentralized circuits. Accordingly, in winter mode, the fluid or water is heated by the central heating device 2 to 40 ° C to 55 ° C or 70 ° G to 90 ° C depending on the type of heating before it is passed through the central distribution circuit 4 in the decentralized circuits 6. Therefore, the fluid is about 35 ° C to 55 ° C and 60 ° C to about 90 ° C warm when it is diverted from the decentralized circuits 6 in the direction of heat pumps 71. In order to optimize the use of energy for the provision of hot water, therefore, there is the already mentioned possibility that the decentralized hot water tanks 72 are each associated with two heat pumps, one of which for a fluid with a temperature range of 15 ° C to 35 ° C as an energy source is optimized while the other is optimized for a fluid with a temperature range of 35 ° C to 55 ° C and 60 ° C to 90 ° C as an energy source. In the arrangement 200 shown in FIG. 5, however, only one decentralized heat pump 71 is assigned to the decentralized hot water storage tanks 72.

In addition, these decentralized heat pumps 71 are optimized only for a fluid having a temperature in the range of 15 ° C to 35 ° G as an energy source. In order to still allow optimum use of energy for the provision of hot water, but in each case in the supply line 8.1 to the decentral heat pump 71, a switching unit 203 and an additional line loop 204 is installed. In the summer mode, the switching unit 203 is switched such that the fluid is conducted from the supply line 8.1 directly to the decentralized heat pump 71. In winter mode, however, the switching unit 203 is switched such that the fluid is first led from the supply line 8.1 into the line loop 204 before it is forwarded to the decentralized heat pump 71 after the line loop 204. Since the line loop 204 is guided into the water tank of the decentralized hot water storage 205, the water contained in the decentralized hot water storage 205 can be heated by the line loop 204. This is used in winter mode when the fluid is directed into the conduit loop 204 before being passed to the conduit heat loop 71 after the conduit loop 204. Since the fluid in the winter mode when entering the line loop 204 has a temperature of 35 ° C to 55 ° C and 60 ° C to 90 ° C, it is first by direct heat exchange with the water contained in the hot water storage 205 heat before it to the decentralized heat pump 71 is performed. Accordingly, the fluid in the decentralized heat pump 71 has a lower, for the decentralized heat pump 71 optimal or nearly optimal temperature. Therefore, by means of the switching unit 203 and the line loop 204, an optimal use of energy is also achieved.

In general, the advantage of the decentralized heat pumps is that they require less energy in the form of electrical power for the provision of the hot water than electric heaters such as electric heating coils would need. However, as the decentral heat pumps still require electrical power, it makes sense to operate the decentral heat pumps at low electricity tariffs. Advantageously, therefore, the decentralized hot water tank are equipped with an insulated water tank in which a certain amount such as 100 I, 120 1, 150 I, 200 I, 250 I or 500 I warm water can be stored for a long time. This has the advantage that it is sufficient to operate the decentralized heat pumps only at low electricity tariffs, so that nevertheless always hot water can be provided. Accordingly, a building equipped with an arrangement according to the invention becomes a storage power plant. In addition, this has the advantage that the decentralized heat pumps can be selectively switched on, for example, if overcurrents exist in the power grid. Accordingly, therefore, can be used economically by the inventive arrangement and the inventive method control energy. If an inventive arrangement is also connected to a renewable power source such as a solar system or to a wind turbine, suddenly occurring overcapacities for the provision of hot water can be used by the decentralized heat pumps and possibly the decentralized feed pumps are turned on. But there is also the possibility that

15

Claims (16)

Overcapacities in the power grid can be used for the provision of hot water. In this case, for example, it is possible to network the control of the decentral heat pumps with the electricity supplier, so that at peak power peaks in the power grid, the decentralized heat pumps and possibly the decentralized feed pumps can be switched on. This also enables the electricity supplier to smooth excess capacity in the electricity grid by switching on or off the decentralized heat pumps and at most the decentralized supply pumps. Accordingly, a building with the inventive arrangement with such networking with the electricity supplier to an active element in the power grid. The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the figures and described above. There are also other variants and modifications of these embodiments possible. In summary, it should be noted that an arrangement according to the technical field mentioned above for the tempering of building spaces and to provide hot water is provided, which requires the addition of low energy in the form of electric current and optionally oil or gas, which has a low complexity and which can be easily installed in an existing building with central heating. In addition, a corresponding method for controlling the temperature of building spaces and providing hot water is created. claims An arrangement (1, 100, 200) for controlling the temperature of building spaces and providing hot water, comprising a) a central Fleizvorrichtung (2) for heating a fluid in a central memory (3); b) a plurality of decentralized hot water storage tanks (30, 52, 62, 72, 205); c) a plurality of decentral heat pumps (20, 51, 61, 71), wherein each decentralized hot water tank (30, 52, 62, 72, 205) at least one of the decentralized heat pumps (20, 51, 61, 71) is associated and wherein at each the decentralized hot water storage tank (30, 52, 62, 72, 205) has at least one decentralized heat pump (20, 51, 61, 71) associated with the respective decentralized hot water storage tank (30, 52, 62, 72, 205) in the decentralized hot water storage tank (30, 52, 62, 72, 205) can be heated to a removal temperature, characterized in that the arrangement (1, 100, 200) comprises a plurality of decentralized circuits (6) connected to the central storage (3) for controlling the temperature of one or more Includes building spaces and that the decentralized heat pumps (20, 51, 61, 71) are each connected to one of the decentralized circuits (6). 2. Arrangement (1, 100, 200) according to claim 1, characterized in that the decentralized circuits (6) each have an inlet (6.1) and a return (6.2), via which they are connected to the central memory (3) , 3. Arrangement (1, 100, 200) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a central memory (3) connected to the central distribution circuit (4) via which the decentralized circuits (6) are connected to the central memory (3). 4. Arrangement (1, 100, 200) according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the decentralized heat pumps (20, 51, 61, 71) are each connected to the return line (6.2) of one of the decentralized circuits (6) , 5. Arrangement (1, 100, 200) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the decentralized heat pumps (20, 51, 61, 71) each with a feed line (8.1) and a return line (8.2) at one of decentralized circuits (6) are connected. 6. Arrangement (1, 100, 200) according to claim 5, characterized in that in the decentralized circuits (6) between the supply line (8.1) and the return line (8.2) to the respective decentralized heat pump (20, 51, 61, 71) in each case a backflow preventer (9) is arranged, which prevents backflow of the fluid in the respective decentralized circuit (6). 7. Arrangement (1, 100, 200) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the decentralized heat pumps (20, 51, 61, 71) each have a decentralized feed pump (10) is associated, which fluid from the decentralized circuit ( 6) through the associated decentralized heat pump (20, 51, 61, 71) can pump. 8. Arrangement (1, 100, 200) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each of the decentralized hot water tank (30, 52, 62, 72, 205) is associated with a decentralized control (25), which is a heating of the in the associated decentralized hot water tank (30, 52, 62, 72, 205) contained water can control the discharge temperature. 9. Arrangement (1, 100, 200) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each of the decentralized hot water tank (30, 52, 62, 72, 205) is associated with a decentralized temperature sensor, which has a temperature of the associated decentralized Hot water tank (30, 52, 62, 72, 205) can measure contained water. 10. Arrangement (1, 100, 200) according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that in each of the decentralized hot water tank (30, 52, 62, 72, 205) of the associated distributed temperature sensor with the associated decentralized control (25) is to transmit temperature data from the remote temperature sensor to the remote controller (25). 16 1 1. hot water generation system (B, 50, 60, 70, 202) for an arrangement (1, 100, 200) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by a decentralized hot water tank (30, 52, 62, 72, 205) and at least one of the decentralized hot water tank (30, 52, 62, 72, 205) associated with decentralized heat pump (20, 51, 61, 71). 12. A hot water production system (B, 50, 60, 70, 202) according to claim 1 1, characterized in that the hot water production system (B, 50, 60, 70, 202) is a tall cabinet boiler, which has a width of at most 549 mm and a depth of not more than 549 mm and not more than 2399 mm high. 13. terminal unit (A) for an arrangement (1, 100, 200) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the connection unit (A) a backflow preventer (9), two connections for the serial installation of the connection unit (A) in a decentralized circuit (6) and two further, separate connections, wherein a first of the two separate ports is adapted to remove fluid from the decentralized circuit (6) and a second of the two separate ports is adapted to fluid in the decentralized Feed circuit (6). 14. A method for controlling the temperature of building rooms and for providing hot water, wherein a) from a central memory (3) with a central heating device (2) from a fluid in a plurality of decentralized circuits (6) is passed, so that the fluid through the decentralized circuits (6) flows; b) each of the decentralized circuits (6) is assigned a decentralized heat pump (20, 51, 61, 71) and in each of the decentralized circuits (6) at least part of the fluid flowing through the respective decentralized circuit (6) through the respective decentralized heat pump (20, 51, 61, 71), and c) each of the decentralized heat pumps (20, 51, 61, 71) has a decentralized hot water storage tank (30, 52, 62, 72, 205 ) is associated with the respective decentralized heat pump (20, 51, 61, 71) energy is removed from the fluid and used for heating in the associated, decentralized hot water tank (30, 52, 62, 72, 205) contained water to a discharge temperature , 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the fluid in the central memory (3) by the central heating device (2) is heated and the decentralized circuits (6) are used as decentralized heating circuits by the heat emits heat in the decentralized circuits , 16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the decentralized circuits (6) are used as decentralized cooling circuits by the fluid in the decentralized circuits (6) is heated and the heated fluid through the decentralized heat pumps (20, 51, 61, 71). 17