CH706799A2 - Automatic calendar mechanism for use in movement unit of watch, has mobile striking control mechanism with date indicator, and date change mechanism allowing changing of date of two days at end of short month having thirty days or less - Google Patents

Abstract

The mechanism (1) has a high speed date change mechanism (50) that changes a date at a specific frequency. An annular date indicator (20) is provided with teeth (26), where one of the teeth is pressed to carry out a date changing operation. A date change unit (42) is arranged to press the corresponding tooth of the date indicator. A mobile striking control mechanism (5) is arranged with the date indicator. The date change mechanism allows changing of date of two days at the end of a short month having thirty days or less.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Field of the invention

The present invention relates to a calendar mechanism, a movement and a timepiece calendar including the mechanism.

Description of the prior art

As part of a timepiece calendar (hereinafter also called a "timepiece with a calendar mechanism"), a calendar mechanism is known that minimizes the date correction frequency to the end of a month by allowing a date indicator to perform a two-day date change at the end of a short month of 30 days or less (hereinafter also referred to as an "automatic calendaring mechanism") according to JP-A-2009-128 119 (patent document 1), for example).

There are proposals to provide the calendar mechanism described above, that is to say, the automatic calendar mechanism with an instant date change mechanism that allows the usual change of date to be made instantly at high speed (Japanese Patent No. 4,246,508 (Patent Document 2) and JP-A-2007-132944 (Patent Document 3)).

However, the automatic calendar mechanism described in the patent document 2, in which to effect a change of date of two days at the end of a short month, a usual change of date of a day is made to the end of the month runs using a usual high speed date change mechanism, and an additional date change is made by providing a correction cam having a cam surface in the form of an inclined surface, the diameter of which is increased gradually along the circumference of a date indicator, and an end-of-month cam surface that is used when the end of one month advances towards the beginning of the following month and suddenly tilts in the opposite direction and pressing a roll against the end-of-month cam surface at the end of the short month to turn the date indicator at the frequency corresponding to a day, the structure of the automatic calendar mechanism on the one hand because the usual mechanism of date change and the other date change mechanism for the end of a short month are required at a time, and because a structural burden of date change increases inevitably on the other hand.

The automatic calendar mechanism described in the patent document 3, in which to effect a change of date of two days at the end of a short month, a usual change of date of a day is made at the end of the month using a normal high-speed date change mechanism, and an additional date change is made using another short high-end month-end change mechanism used only at the end of a short month , the structure of the automatic calendar mechanism is necessarily complicated on the one hand because the usual mechanism of change of date as well as the other mechanism of change of end-of-month date runs at high speed, which operates only at the end of a short month, are required, and the date change speed is not increased in a sufficiently efficient manner on the other hand because two date change mechanisms are pr seen although they are high-speed type.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention has been made with a view to the points described above, and an object of the invention is to provide a calendar mechanism capable of performing a date change of two days at the end of a month. short based on a single high-speed date changing mechanism, as well as a calendar movement and timepiece including the mechanism.

To achieve the object described above, a calendar mechanism according to the invention comprises a high-speed date change mechanism that makes a date change to the frequency greater than a day by increasing the keystroke a date change tab that contacts the teeth of a date indicator and presses one of the teeth to effect the date change and uses the date change tab with the increased keystroke to squeeze the date tooth of the date indicator, and a mobile keystroke control mechanism that identifies a short month of 30 days or less and causes the high-speed date change mechanism to make a two-day date change to the end of the month short.

Since the calendar mechanism according to the invention is provided with "a high-speed date change mechanism that makes a date change at the frequency greater than a day by increasing the keystroke of a change tab." date that comes into contact with the teeth of a date indicator and that presses one of the teeth to make the date change and using the date change tab having the increased tap to press the tooth of the indicator of date, "a usual date change other than a date change at the end of a short month is done at high speed. In addition, since the scheduling mechanism is provided with "a mobile keystroke control mechanism that identifies a short month of 30 days or less and causes the high-speed date change mechanism to perform a two-day date change." days at the end of the short month, "at the end of the short month, the date change tab with the increased keystroke can contact the corresponding tooth of the date indicator and make a date change of two days at a high speed under the control of the high-speed date change mechanism. In addition, in the calendar mechanism according to the invention, which is a combination of the mobile keystroke control mechanism and the high speed date change mechanism, a single high speed date changing mechanism can effect a change in timing. date of two days.

In the above description, the "high speed" date change mechanism "releases energy in a shorter period than the period required for energy accumulation to quickly provide the change tab." of date, which comes into contact with the teeth of the date indicator and presses one of the teeth to make the date change, with the energy to bring the date change tab to quickly squeeze the tooth of the date date indicator for a high-speed date change. "High-speed date change typically refers to a date change too fast for a user to follow the movement of a date character during a date change or an instantaneous date change and practically refers to an instantaneous date change made in a period of several seconds, typically in a period of one second or less. The high-speed date change mechanism therefore virtually prevents the user from recognizing what is called a "half-visible" state in which only half a date character is visible during the date change. It should be noted, however, that the date change may be somewhat slower than the speed described above.

The calendar mechanism according to the present invention is typically characterized in the following manner: The movable keystroke control mechanism includes a month cam which includes a short month recess which distinguishes the short month from the long months each formed of 31 days, the month cam performing a full rotation per year, a date change lever structure that includes the date change tab and a short month detection cam follower that detects the short month, leverage structure of a swing-supported date change by a holding substrate, and an end-of-month detector which allows the short month detection cam follower of the date shift lever structure to fit into the short month recess from the month cam to the end of the short month; the high speed date changing mechanism includes a date shift lever guiding mechanism that causes the date shift lever structure to swing once a day to cause the change of date tab to effect the change. date at a specific date transition time; and at the end of the short month when the date transition is made, the short month detection cam follower of the date shift lever structure is swinging from a pre-sway position where the cam detection follower short month inserts into the short month recess of the month cam to a full swing position where the date change is completed to make the two day date change.

In this case, since the mobile keystroke control mechanism can perform control everywhere through the swaying movement of the date shift lever structure, a structural complication can be avoided and the space can be effectively used .

The calendar mechanism according to the present invention is typically characterized as follows: The date indicator has an end of month recess; the date shift lever structure includes a month-end detection lever engagement portion; the end-of-month detector is formed of a month-end recess of the date indicator and an end-of-month detection lever, the end-of-month detection lever comprising a lever-change commitment part date that contacts the end-of-month detection lever engagement portion of the date shift lever structure and an end-of-month detection end that is engageable with the end-of-month recess of the date indicator; and at the end of the short month, the month-end detection end of the end-of-month detection lever is inserted into the end-of-month recess of the date indicator, which allows the detection cam follower Short month of the date shift lever structure to insert the short month recess of the month cam, so that the date shift lever structure is located in the pre-sway position.

In this case, the end-of-month recess of the date indicator can be used to perform end-of-month detection for reliable month-end control of the short month. In this case, in the calendar mechanism according to the invention, the date shift lever structure typically has a date change lever body and a date change miter lever, the miter shift lever. of date connected in such manner to the date shift lever body as the date change tab lever pivots relative to the date shift lever body and having a front end at which the date change tab is provided .

In the calendar mechanism according to the invention, instead of forming the end of month recess in the date indicator as described above, the month cam has 24 teeth, rotates at the frequency corresponding to two teeth per month, has the predicted short month recess in a backside portion of the short month, and the end of month detector has two month change protrusions formed in circumferentially separated positions on the date indicator in the neighborhood of an end-of-month position thereof and a month change lever which includes an end of month detecting end engageable with the month change protuberances and turns the month cam to a frequency corresponding to a tooth by a month star when the end of month detection end comes into contact with any month change protuberances. When the first of two month change protuberances causes the month shift lever to rotate for the month cam to rotate at the frequency corresponding to a tooth, the month detecting cam follower of the shift lever structure The date is inserted into the short month recess of the month cam for the date shift lever structure to swing to the pre-balancing position.

In this case, the month change protuberances on the date indicator may be used to perform end-of-month detection for reliable month-end control of a short month.

In the calendar mechanism according to the invention, the high speed date changing mechanism typically includes a date indicator drive wheel which includes a between a pin and an elongate arcuate hole, a cam date indicator drive which includes the other between the pin and the elongated arched hole so that the pin and the elongated arched hole contact each other, and an operating lever which has a end provided with a date indicator drive cam follower that forms a cam follower for the date indicator drive cam and the other end with a shift lever engaging portion date that contacts an operation lever engagement portion of the date shift lever structure.

In this case, the date change at high speed can be performed reliably. It should be noted in this case that the surface of the date indicator drive cam differs from the cam surface in a calendar mechanism of the prior art which only makes a day date change in that the cam surface comes into contact with the date lever drive cam follower of the operating lever in such a manner that the date shift lever structure is allowed to make a large swinging motion from the pre-sway position to the full sway position for the two day date change at the end of a short month.

It should be noted, however, that the cam, the lever, and other components can be combined differently as long as the high-speed date change that allows a large swinging strike of the lever structure change of date from the pre-balancing position to the full swing position is achieved.

In the calendar mechanism according to the invention, the calendar mechanism may further comprise a clutch lever which moves in synchronization with the date correction operation, and the clutch lever can prevent, in synchronization with a date correction action, the short month detection cam follower of the date shift lever structure to insert into the short month recess of the month cam.

The configuration described above still allows a correction of date and month even at the end of a short month or in a month long without limitation in terms of month and date.

In addition, the clutch lever can prevent, in synchronization with the date correction action, the date change tab of the date shift lever structure to come into contact with the teeth of the clutch. the date indicator.

In the calendar mechanism according to the invention, the calendar mechanism may further comprise a clutch lever which moves in synchronization with the date correction operation, and the clutch lever may comprise a first clutch lever which moves in synchronization with the date correction operation and a second clutch lever which prevents, in synchronization with the first clutch lever, not only the cam follower of the short month detection of the clutch lever; Date change lever structure to get in touch with the short month recess of the month cam but also the date change tab to get in touch with the teeth of the date indicator.

A movement according to the invention includes any calendar mechanism described above to achieve the object described above. In addition, a timepiece calendar according to the invention includes any calendar mechanism described above to achieve the object described above.

According to the invention, a two-day date change can be made at a high speed at the end of a short month based on a single high-speed date change mechanism.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] <tb> Fig. 1 <SEP> is a plan descriptive diagram showing the external appearance of a calendar timepiece according to a preferable example of the invention having a movement according to a preferable example of the invention including a calendar mechanism according to an example preferable of the invention. <tb> Fig. 2 <SEP> is a plan descriptive diagram of the timepiece having the movement comprising the calendar mechanism shown in FIG. 1. <tb> Fig. 3 <SEP> represents cross sections of part of the timepiece of FIG. 2, FIG. 3 (a) being a cross-sectional descriptive diagram taken along line IIIA-IIIA in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 (b) being a cross-sectional descriptive diagram taken along line IIIB-IIIB in FIG. 2. <tb> Fig. 4 <SEP> represents cross sections on the part of the timepiece of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 (a) is a cross-sectional descriptive diagram taken along the line IVA-IVA in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 (b) being a cross-sectional descriptive diagram taken along line IVB-IVB in FIG. 2. <tb> Fig. 5 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 2 but representing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 1 is changing date from August 30th to August 31st. <tb> Fig. 6 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 2 but representing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 1 completed the change of date to August 31. <tb> Fig. 7 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 2 but representing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 1 is ready to make a change of date from August 31st to September 1st. <tb> Fig. 8 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 2 but representing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 1 is in the process of changing date from August 31st to September 1st. <tb> Fig. 9 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 2 but representing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 1 is not only in the process of changing the date from August 31st to September 1st, but is also changing from August to September. <tb> Fig. <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 2 but representing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 1 completed the change of date and the change of month on 1 September. <tb> Fig. 11 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 2 but representing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 1 is ready to make a date change from September 29 to 30. <tb> Fig. 12 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 2 but representing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 1 is ready to make a change of date from September 30th to October 1st (change of date at the end of a short month). <tb> Fig. 13 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 2 but representing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 1 is in progress from the first (additional in advance) date change from September 30th to October 1st. <tb> Fig. 14 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 2 but representing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 1 has completed the first (additional in advance) date change from September 30 to October 1. <tb> Fig. <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 2 but representing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 1 is in process of the second change of date (after the change of date in advance) from September 30th to October 1st. <tb> Fig. 16 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 2 but representing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 1 is not only in the process of the second change of date (after the change of date in advance) from September 30th to October 1st but also during the month change from September to October. <tb> Fig. 17 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 2 but representing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 1 completed the change of date from September 30th to October 1st twice and the change of month. <tb> Fig. 18 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 2 but showing a state in which a calendar timepiece according to a preferable variation of the invention having a movement according to a preferable variation of the invention comprising a calendar mechanism according to a preferable variation of the invention is ready to perform a change of date from September 29 to September 30. <tb> Fig. 19 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 18 but showing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 18 is in process of the first month change (the change of month when a time before the end of the month passes to a time when the end of the month is reached) during the change of date from September 29 to September 30. <tb> Fig. <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 18 but showing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 18 is ready to make a change of date from September 30th to October 1st (change of date at the end of the short month). <tb> Fig. 21 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 18 but showing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 18 completed the first (additional in advance) date change from September 30 to October 1. <tb> Fig. 22 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 18 but showing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 18 is not only in the process of the second change of date (after a change of date in advance) from September 30th to October 1st but also during the month of September to October. <tb> Fig. 23 <SEP> is a descriptive diagram in plan similar to FIG. 18 but showing a state in which the timepiece of FIG. 18 completed the change of date from September 30th to October 1st twice and the change of months. <tb> Fig. <SEP> represents variations of a high-speed date changing mechanism, FIG. 24 (a) being a plan descriptive diagram showing an example in which an operating lever itself provided with a cam follower that contacts a date indicator drive cam has a tab of date change, and fig. 24 (b) being a plan descriptive diagram illustrating an example in which a date change lever is in contact with an operating lever having a cam follower that contacts a cam Date indicator drive has a built-in date change tab. <tb> Fig. <SEP> is a plan descriptive diagram representing a variation of a date correction mechanism in a calendar mechanism. <tb> Fig. <SEP> is a plan descriptive diagram representing a state in which a winding stem is drawn one notch in the variation of the date correction mechanism. <tb> Fig. 27 <SEP> is a plan descriptive diagram representing a state in which the winding stem is drawn two notches in the variation of the date correction mechanism. <tb> Fig. <SEP> is a cross-sectional descriptive diagram taken along the VA-VA line in FIG. And showing a portion of FIG. 25.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Several preferable embodiments of the invention will subsequently be described based on the preferable examples shown in the accompanying drawings.

[Examples]

Figs. 1 to 17 represent a calendar timepiece or a timepiece with a calendar mechanism 3 according to a preferable example of the invention having a movement 2 according to a preferable example of the invention including an automatic calendar mechanism 1 such as a calendar mechanism according to a preferable example of the invention.

The timepiece calendar 3 has an external appearance 4 shown in FIG. 1. That is to say, the timepiece 3 comprises needles indicating the time 11 formed of an hour hand 11a, a minute hand 11b, and a second hand 11c rotating about a central axis C clockwise C1. A dial 12 of the timepiece 3 has compound characters 12a representing the positions of the hours and a month / date display window 13 located approximately in the three o'clock position. The month / date display window 13 includes a month display area 13a and a date display area 13b. Reference number 14 denotes a timepiece case.

In the example shown in the cross sectional views of FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) and FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), an hour wheel 16a having the hour hand 11a attached to its front end, a minute wheel 16b having the minute hand 11b attached to its front end, 16c seconds having the seconds hand 11c attached to its front end are rotatably supported about the central axis C by a central tube 7b supported by a main plate 6 and a center wheel bridge (not shown) and rotated by a needle drive train which connects a gear portion of the hour wheel 16a or a hour gear 16d, a minute gear 16e of the minute wheel 16b or a center wheel, and a portion of 16c or a second wheel gear (not shown) to each other and which includes other trains which connect the above components to a drive source (not shown), such as a drum barrel com taking a timepiece motor spring.

The movement 2 is accommodated in an outer portion of the timepiece calendar 3, that is to say, in the timepiece case 14 under the dial 12 but above a bottom housing (not shown) and accommodates the hour wheel 16a, the minute wheel 16b, and the second wheel 16c, which are rotated by a rotary drive source, such as a barrel drum or motor, by the needle drive train (not shown) and have the hour hand 11a, the minute hand 11b, and the second hand 11c attached to the respective forward ends, as shown in FIG. 1 and in figs. 2, 3 (a) and 3 (b), 4 (a) and 4 (b), and other figures. A ring 15 is attached to the front end of a winding stem 15a in the movement 2.

The timepiece 3 has a substantially annular date indicator 20 extending along the vicinity of the inner circumference of the housing 14. The date indicator 20 has a date display wheel portion shaped large-diameter annular plate 21, a large diameter cylindrical portion 22a extending from the inner side of the date display wheel portion 21 in parallel to the axial direction, a narrow neck-shaped portion of narrow width 22b extending radially inwardly from the lower end of the large diameter cylindrical portion 22a, a small diameter, cylindrical portion 22c extending from the inner edge of the collar portion 22b in parallel with the axial direction, a date gear 23 formed along a lower end side inner circumferential side of the small diameter thick cylindrical portion 22c, a recess end of month 24 formed in the inner circumferential edge of the neck-shaped thick portion 22b at a specific circumferential location Q1 of the neck-shaped thick portion 22b, and a month change pin 25 such as a formed protuberance on a dial-side surface 22d of the neck-shaped thick portion 22b at another circumferential specific location Q2 of the neck-shaped thick portion 22b, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3 (a) and 3 (b), 4 (a) and 4 (b), and other figures. It should be noted in figs. 3 (a) and 3 (b), 4 (a) and 4 (b), and other figures in the present description that the term "superior" refers to the side where the hands indicating the time 11 are present ( side where the dial 12 is present) unless otherwise specified.

The dial side surface 21a of the date display wheel portion 21 displays LD date indication characters representing thirty-one dates from 1 to 31 and located at equal intervals. The date gear 23 has thirty-one teeth 26 at equal intervals. The rotation in the direction C2 of the date indicator 20 is set by a date jumper 27 including a date jumper restriction tab 27a and a date jumper restriction spring 27b. A positional change of the date indicator 20 in the thickness direction is restricted by a date indicator holding plate 6a attached in such a manner to the main plate 6 that the plate holding the date indicator 6a covers the date gear 23, as shown in FIG. 3 (a) and other figures. A month display wheel guide tube 6b is inserted into the plate holding the date indicator 6a with the month display wheel tube 6b rotatably surrounding a large diameter tubular portion 16f of the wheel hours 16a.

The 30-month wheel has a month star structure 31 inserted in such manner into the month display guide tube 6b in a hub portion 31a that the month star structure 31 is adjustable and rotatable about the central axis C and a plate-shaped month plate 32, an inner circumferential side portion of which is attached to the dial-side surface of the month star structure 31, as shown in FIGS. . 2, 3 (a) and 3 (b), 4 (a) and 4 (b), and other figures. The dial side surface 32a of the month plate 32 displays characters indicating the LM months representing the twelve months of January (JAN) to December (DEC) at equal intervals. The month star structure 31 comprises a month star body 33 having twelve teeth 33a and roots 33b along its outer circumference and a first intermediate month wheel 34 integrated with the month star 33 and having a large number of teeth 34a. The rotation in the direction C1 of the month star 33 is set by a month jumper 33c having a month jumper restriction tab and a month jumper restriction spring. The month wheel 30 contacts a month cam wheel 36 by a second month intermediate wheel 35, which contacts the first month intermediate wheel 34. The month cam wheel 36, which is rotatable about a central axis D, comprises a month cam body, i.e., a month cam 37 and a month cam gear 36a, and the month cam 37 comprises a cam surface large diameter arcuate 37a, which corresponds to the long months each formed 31 days, and small diameter arcuate portions or short month recess 37b, which correspond to the short months each formed of thirty days or less. A 16g reference sign denotes a month wheel cover.

A month change lever 38 is maintained in such a manner by the date indicator holding plate 6a about a central axis K that the month change lever 38 is pivotable in the directions K1 and K2. The front end of an inlet-side arm 38a of the month change lever 38 can be brought into contact with the month change pin 25 and the month change pin 25 causes the inlet side arm 38a to pivot in the direction K1 whenever the end of a month is reached. A month change tab 38c is attached to the front end of an arm on the output side 38b of the month shift lever 38 and contacts one of the teeth 33a of the month star 33 each time that the shift lever 38 is allowed to rotate in the direction K1 to turn the month star 33 in the direction C1 at a frequency corresponding to a tooth 33a. Reference numeral 38d denotes a month change lever spring, and reference numeral 6e denotes a setting wheel plate. The month change tab 38c is resiliently biased counter-clockwise relative to the month change lever 38 by the month shift lever spring 38d, and an engagement portion (not shown) prevents the month change tab 38c in the state shown in FIG. 2 and other figures to do more relative pivoting movement.

A date change lever structure 40 is rotatably inserted on a large diameter portion 6c of the month display wheel guide tube 6b with the date shift lever structure 40 overlapping the face plate. maintaining date indicator 6a. The date change lever structure 40 has a plate-shaped date change lever 41, which is the body of the structure 40, and a date change tab 42. The date change lever 41, which is adjustable and rotatably inserted into the month display guide tube 6b in a circular opening 41a, includes an operating lever engaging portion 43, which engages with a high speed date changing mechanism. 50, which will next be described in detail, an end-of-month detection lever engagement arm 44, and a short month detection cam follower 45. The date change tab 42 is held in such a manner by the date change lever 41 that the date change tab 42 is pivotable in the directions E1 and E2 around a central axis E, held specifically by an arm 41b which is part of the date change lever 41 and is located on the side where the sui Short month detection cam sensor 45 is present. The date change tab 42 receives a resiliently biased force in the direction E1 from a date change tab spring 42a, and an interengagement portion (not shown) prevents the date change tab 42 in the state shown in FIG. 2 and other figures to make more relatively pivotal movement in the direction E1.

The operation lever engagement portion 43 of the date change lever 41 of the date shift lever structure 40 is rotated in the direction C2 about the central axis C by the change of the timing mechanism. high-speed date 50 when the high-speed date change mechanism 50 does a high-speed date change instruction action once a day, where the 42 date change tab of the change lever structure The date bar 40 contacts one of the teeth 26 of the date gear 23 and urges the tooth 26 in the direction C2 to cause the date indicator 20 to effect a date change.

An end-of-month detection lever 46, which is pivotable in the directions F1 and F2 about a central axis F and receives a resiliently biased force in the F1 direction from an end-of-month detection lever spring. 46f, is provided in a position between the end-of-month detection lever engagement arm 44 of the date change lever 41 and the end-of-month recess 24 of the collar-shaped thick portion 22b of the indicator 20. At the end of each month, an end 46b of an outer lever portion 46a of the end-of-month detection lever 46 is moved to a position facing the end-of-month recess 24 of the date 20.

The short month detection cam follower 45 of the date change lever 41 is generally not (in long months or in short months except for their purposes) inserted into any short month recesses. 37b of the month cam 37. That is, in a long month, the short month detection cam follower 45 faces the large diameter arcuate cam surface 37a of the month cam 37. the month cam wheel 36 and contacts the large diameter arcuate cam surface 37a. Before the date change action in this state, the date change tab 42 of the date shift lever structure 40 reaches a usual swing position P0, where the date change tab 42 is swung to a usual frequency in the direction C1, for a change of date of a day.

In addition, since in a short month, the short month detection cam follower 45 faces the recess corresponding to the short month 37b of the month cam 37 but the rotation of the date change lever 41 is set by the end of month detection lever 46 in the short month other than at its end, the short month detection cam follower 45 does not come into contact with the short month recess 37b of the month cam 37 ( that is, does not fit in the short month recess 37b) but is located in a position facing the opening of the short month recess 37b (a position on the same circumference as that of the large diameter arcuate cam surface 37a). Prior to the date change action also in this state, the date change tab 42 of the date shift lever structure 40 reaches the usual swing position P0, where the date change tab 42 is swung. at the usual frequency in the direction C1, for a change of date of a day.

On the other hand, at the end of a short month, since the end 46b of the end-of-month detection lever 46 is inserted into the end of month recess 24 under the action of spring 46f so that the end-of-month detection lever 46 pivots in the F1 direction and a pivoting movement in the C2 direction of the date change lever 41 is enabled, the short-month detection cam follower 45 is inserted into the corresponding short month recess 37b and gets in touch with it. Before the date change action in this state, the date change tab 42 of the date change lever structure 40 has an increased tap and reaches a pre-swing portion P1 (in Fig. 12, which will be described later), where the date change tab 42 is swung at a frequency greater than usual in the direction C1 for a change of date of two days in a single action. The pre-balancing position P1 is beyond the usual swing position P0 described above at a high frequency in the direction C1.

The high-speed date changing mechanism 50 includes a date indicator drive wheel 51 and a date indicator drive cam 52, which can rotate in a H1 direction about an axis. central H of a handle-shaped protuberance protruding from the main plate 6, and an operating lever 53, which is held in such a way by the date indicator holding plate 6a as the operating lever 53 is pivotable in the directions J1 and J2 about a central axis J.

The date indicator guidewheel 51, which has a twenty-four hour wheel shape, has a date indicator guide gear 51a, which is formed along the outer circumference of the wheel. date indicator drive 51 and makes contact with the hour gear 16d and an elongated arcuate hole 51b and makes a complete rotation once a day in the direction H1 about the central axis H. The cam date indicator drive 52, which is coaxial with the date indicator drive wheel 51, not only has a surface 54 formed of a cam surface providing energy 54a, which contacts a cam follower and has an outer diameter that gradually increases in the direction of rotation H1 of the date indicator drive cam 52, and a cam surface that releases substantially linear energy 54b, which comes into contact with the cam follower and n outer diameter which decreases significantly in the direction of rotation H1 of the date indicator drive cam 52, but also a date indicator drive pin 55, which fits playfully into the elongated arcuate hole 51b of the date indicator drive wheel 51. The operation lever 53 has an input-side lever portion 53a, the front end of which is provided with a cam follower 56, which comes into operation. contact with the cam surface 54, and an outlet side lever portion 53b, which is provided with a date shift lever engaging portion 57, which engages the lever engaging portion The operating lever 53 has an elastically biased force acting in direction J1 from an operating lever spring 53c.

In the high-speed date change mechanism 50, when a rotation in the direction C1 of the hour gear 16d turns the date indicator drive wheel 51 in the direction H1, the pin of engagement 55, which is inserted with play into the elongated arcuate hole 51b, is pressed in the H1 direction by a downstream end end 51c of the elongated hole 51b of the date indicator drive wheel 51 when the rotation of the Date indicator drive wheel 51 continues, in which the date indicator drive cam 52 begins to rotate in the direction H1. When the date indicator drive cam 52 begins to rotate in the direction H1, the cam follower 56 comes into contact with a minimum diameter area 54c of the cam surface providing energy 54a of the cam surface 54 makes a relative displacement in the direction H2 along the cam surface providing energy 54a of the cam surface 54, where the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 climbs along the surface cam providing energy 54a, causing the operating lever 53 to pivot in the direction J2.

The pivoting movement in the direction J2 continues gradually to a specific moment T1 when the cam follower 56 of the lever portion 53a of the operating lever 53 reaches a portion of maximum diameter 54d. When the date indicator drive wheel 51 is kept rotating in the direction H1 beyond the moment T1, the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53, which receives the biased force in the direction J1 from the spring 53c, rotates in the direction J1 such that the cam follower 56 falls rapidly, as if it were free falling, substantially along the energy release cam surface 54b. The shift lever side engaging portion 57 of the operating lever 53 thus rapidly rotates the shift lever structure 40 in the direction C2.

As a result, the date change tab 42 of the date shift lever structure 40 is swung in the high speed direction C2, and the high speed swing movement moves the indicator tooth 26. of date 20 which is located in a position closest to the date change tab 42 in the direction C1 at high speed. The date change action is completed when the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 is moved to a steering pivot position J1 where the cam follower 56 reaches the minimum diameter portion 54c of the cam surface 54 and the date change lever structure 40 is rotated in the C2 direction at as high a frequency as possible according to the pivoting position of the operating lever 53. The position described above is a full swing position P2 (the Fig. 6 and 17), where the date change tab 42 completes its date change action.

It should be noted that the high-speed sway action occurs in a range Φ0 from the usual swing position P0 to the full swing position P2 on the usual days in a long month and those in a short month except at their end, while appearing in a range Φ1 (where Φ1 = Φ0 + ΔΦ) from the pre-balancing position P1 to the full swing position P2 at the end of a short month.

In the above description, a movable keystroke control mechanism 5 is formed of the month cam 37, the date change lever structure 40 formed of the date change lever 41 and the change tab. of date 42, and an end-of-month detector that allows, at a specific time for a date transition at the end of a short month, the short month detection cam follower 45 of the shift change lever structure. date 40 to be inserted in the short month corresponding recess 37b of the month cam 37. The end-of-month detector is formed of the end-of-month detection lever 46 and the end-of-month recess 24.

It should be noted that the part indicated by the reference numeral 61 is movable between a date correction position U1 indicated by the ghost line in FIG. 2 and a month correction position U2 indicated by the solid line in FIG. 2. For example, when the winding stem is pushed one notch and rotated in one direction to adjust the portion indicated by 61 in the date correction position U1, the portion indicated by 61 contacts the date gear. 23 of the date indicator 20 to turn the date gear 23 in the direction C2 for a date correction, while when the winding stem is pushed one notch and turned in the other direction to adjust the part indicated by 61 in the month correction position U2, the portion indicated by 61 contacts a wheel of a month corrector train 62 to turn the first month intermediate wheel 34 by the month corrector train 62. in the C1 direction for the month correction.

A detailed description will be made of the action of the calendar mechanism 1 of the timepiece calendar 3 configured according to the preferred example of the invention with reference to FIGS. 5 to 17 and FIGS. 1, 2, 3 (a) and 3 (b), 4 (a) and 4 (b).

FIG. 2 represents a state of timepiece calendar 3 at approximately twenty-four hours on August 30 or zero hours on August 31 and immediately before a change of date from "30 <è> <me>" to "3 <em> A month long. Since August is a long month, the month detection cam follower 45 of the date change lever 41 of the date shift lever structure 40 is in contact with the cam wide arcuate cam surface 37a of the cam of month 37, and the date change tab 42 is located in the usual swing position P0. Further, the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 is in a state in which it has climbed the power producing cam surface 54a of the date indicator drive cam 52, only reaches the portion of maximum diameter 54d, and is about to enter the energy release cam surface 54b. Operation lever 53 is therefore positioned such that it has pivoted at the maximum frequency in direction J2, and the date shift lever engagement portion 57 of operating lever 53 has detached from the operating lever engagement portion 43 of the date change lever 41 in the state in which its pivot position is defined by the large diameter cam surface 37a of the month cam 37. In addition, , the date indicator 20 is set by the jumper of date 27. It should be noted that since the action described above is a change of date from "30 <>" to "31 <è> <me> In August but the end of the long month (31 <è> <me>) has not yet passed, the month change pin 25 is still located in a position slightly separated from the month change lever 38 .

After a small period of time has elapsed since the state shown in FIG. 2 and after the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 has advanced beyond the maximum diameter portion 54d of the date indicator drive cam 52, the cam follower 56 begins to fall along. of the energy release cam surface 54b precipitously, as shown in FIG. 5. Moving the cam follower 56 along the energy release cam surface 54b causes the operation lever 53 to pivot rapidly in the direction J1, which causes the date change lever 41 to pivot rapidly in the direction C2, by which the date change tab 42 comes into contact with the tooth 26 of the date gear 23 which is closest to and opposite the date change tab 42 to bring the indicator of date 20 to pivot quickly in the direction C2. Fig. 5 represents a state in which the date display area 13b of the month / date display window 13 represents a half of "30" and a half of "31" with the vertex of the jumper restriction tab 27a of the date jumper 27 having reached the vertex of one of the teeth 26 of the date gear 23 in response to the direction rotation C2 of the date gear 23 of the date indicator 20 (a state that lasts for a very short time). The moment when the state described above occurs is slightly after the moment in fig. 2 and almost the same as the moment in fig. 2, that is, at about twenty-four hours on August 30 or zero o'clock on August 31st.

After a small period of time has elapsed since the state described above, the date jumper 27 quickly turns the date indicator 20 in the direction C2 to the frequency corresponding to half a day, so that the state in which the jumper restriction tab 27a falls into the space between the next adjacent teeth 26, 26 of the date gear 23 to set the date indicator 20 recurs on the one hand as represented in FIG. 6, wherein the date character LD in the date display area 13b of the month / date display window 13 is changed to "31". On the other hand, the cam follower 56 continues to drop precipitously along the energy release cam surface 54b, and the cam follower 56 is moved along the camming surface of the cam. energy 54b causes the operation lever 53 to pivot more rapidly in the direction J1. It should be noted, however, that since the action of the date jumper 27 has already caused the date indicator 20 to pivot in the C2 direction toward this point, a hole has been created between the date change tab 42 , which is the front end portion of the date change lever 41, and the tooth 26 of the date indicator 20 which is located in front of the date change tab 42. The moment when the state described above above occurs is also slightly after the moments of fig. 2 and 5 and substantially the same as the moments of FIGS. 2 and 5, that is to say, at about twenty-four hours on August 30 or zero o'clock on August 31st. It should be noted that twenty-four hours (zero hours) can occur at the moment in fig. 2 or the moment in fig. 6 or even a moment between them (the moment in Fig. 5, for example).

The transition of the state shown in FIG. 2 through the state shown in FIG. 5 in the state shown in FIG. 6 occurs in all day change actions except at the end of each short month.

A description will then be made of the change of date and month change made at the end of a month long, specifically that of about twenty-four hours August 31 to about zero hours on September 1 with reference to figs . 7 to 10.

The change of date itself at the end of a long month is practically the same as the change of date having been described with reference to FIGS. 2, 5, and 6. That is, FIG. 7 represents a state at approximately twenty-four hours on August 31 or approximately zero hours on September 1 and immediately before a change of date from the "31" of the month long to "1 <er>" (September), which is the date next, and insofar as the state of the parts involved in the change of date is concerned, they are in almost the same state as that shown in FIG. 2, which represents the state at about twenty-four hours on August 30 or about zero hours on August 31 and immediately before the change of date from "30" to "31" of the long month.

Regarding the change of months, in the state shown in FIG. 7, which is the state at approximately twenty-four hours on August 31 or approximately zero hours on September 1 and immediately before the change of date from the "31" of the month long to "1 <er>" (September) , which is the next date, the month change pin 25 at the specific location Q2 of the date indicator 20 has reached a position in the vicinity of the end (outer end) of the arm on the input side 38a of the lever change of month 38 and is ready to come into contact with the outer end.

FIG. 8 represents a state at approximately twenty-four hours on August 31, or approximately zero hours on September 1 and during the change of date from the "31" of the month long to "September 1", which is the next date, and insofar as the state of the parties involved in the change of date is concerned, they are practically in the same state as that shown in FIG. 5, which represents the state at approximately twenty-four hours on August 30 or about zero hours on August 31 and during the change of date from "30" to "31" of the long month.

At approximately twenty-four hours on August 31 or about zero hours on September 1 and during the change of date of the "31" of the month long to "September 1", which is the date next, and when the state shown in FIG. 8, wherein the vertex of the jumper restriction tab 27a of the date jumper 27 is in contact with the vertex of the corresponding tooth 26 of the date gear 23, is reached, the month change pin 25 to the specific location Q2 of the date indicator 20 contacts the end 38a of the shift lever 38 in response to the pivoting movement in the direction C2 of the date indicator 20 and causes the lever 38 to pivot around the central axis K in the direction K1, according to which the month change tab 38c which is the front end portion of the month change lever 38, inserts into the corresponding root 33b of the star of month 33, comes into contact with the corresponding tooth 33a of the month star 33, and starts turning the wheel of month 30 by the month star 33.

At approximately twenty-four hours on August 31 or about zero hours on September 1 and during the change of date of the "31" of the month long to "September 1", which is the date next, and when the state shown in FIG. 9, wherein the vertex of the jumper tab 27a of the date jumper 27 has advanced beyond the vertex of the tooth 26 of the date gear 23, is reached, a state, in which the lever of change of month 38 that the month change pin 25 has pivoted in the direction K1 causes the month change tab 38c to cause the month star 33 to rotate in the direction C1 and the vertex of the tab the jumper of the jumper of the month jumper 33c comes into contact with the vertex of the corresponding tooth 33a of the star of month 33, is reached. In this state, the month wheel 30 has rotated at the frequency corresponding to half of its single pivot movement, and an intermediate portion between the character indicating the month LM "AUG" representing August and the character indicating the month LM "SEP September representative appears in the month display area 13a of the month / date display window 13. At this point, the date change tab 42 is still located in a position between the usual swing position P0 and the full swing position P2.

At about 24 hours on August 31 or about 0 hours on September 1 and when the state shown in FIG. 10, in which the date change from the "31" of the long month to "1 <er>" (September), which is the following date, is completed, the jumper restriction tab of the jumper of month 33c falls practically to same time on the root 33b between the next adjacent teeth 33a, 33a of the month star 33 and adjusts the month wheel 30 in a predetermined pivoting position. In the set position, the display character "SEP" representing September as the month indication character LM of the month plate 32 has just reached the month display area 13a of the month display window. date 13 for the month display. The rotation in the direction C1 of the month star 33 is transmitted to the month cam wheel 36 by the first and second intermediate wheels 34, 35, and the month cam 37 is located in a pivot position where the recess short month 37b representing September, which is a short month, can cope with the short month detection cam follower 45 of the date change lever 41.

FIG. 10 represents a state at approximately twenty-four hours on August 31 or approximately zero hours on September 1 and after the change of date from the "31" of the month long to "1 <er>" (September), which is the next date, and insofar as the state of the parties involved in the change of date is concerned, they are practically in the same state as that shown in FIG. 6, which represents the state at about twenty-four hours on August 30 or about zero hours on August 31 and after the change of date from "30" to "31" of the long month.

In a state close to the end of a short month but in which the end of the short month has not yet been reached, for example, at around twenty-four hours on September 29 or about zero hours on September 30 the state shown in FIG. It occurs immediately before a date change. The state is practically the same as that shown in FIG. 2 except that the date indicator 20 has a state a day before because the date is 29 instead of 30 and the month detection cam follower runs 45 of the date change lever 41 is located in the position facing 37b corresponding short month recess of the month 37 cam because the month in question is a short month.

In this state, since the hour wheel 16a rotates in the direction C1 as the time elapses, and the date indicator drive wheel 51 rotates in the direction H1 about the central axis H. response to the direction rotation C1 to cause the end 51c of the elongated arcuate hole 51b to rotate the date indicator guide cam 52 in the direction H1, the cam follower 56 of the operation lever 53 advance to beyond the maximum diameter portion 54d of the cam 52 and falls rapidly along the energy release cam surface 54b, which causes the date change tab 42 to pivot rapidly in the direction C1 by the lever of change of date 41, which rapidly turns the date indicator 20 in the direction C2 to the frequency corresponding to a tooth.

When the 30th of the month is reached after the direction rotation C2 of the date indicator 20, the end of month recess 24 of the date indicator 20 faces the end 46b of the lever portion 46 end of the month-end detection lever 46a, by which the month change lever 41 pivots in the direction C1 not only to bring the short month detection cam follower 45 of the date change lever 41 to s' inserting in the corresponding short month recess 37b of the month cam 37 but also causing the end-of-month detection lever 46 to pivot in the direction F1 so that the end 46b of the lever outer portion 46a The end of month detection 46 is inserted in the end of month recess 24 of the date indicator 20. The direction pivot movement C1 of the date change lever 41 causes the date change tab 42 to rotate in the direction E1 rela to the shift lever 41 and moves upstream, i.e., in the direction C2, to a frequency corresponding to a tooth 26 of the date indicator 20, so that the tab of change of date 42 may come into contact with the tooth 26 located upstream in the direction C2 at the frequency corresponding to a tooth from the tooth with which the date change tab 42 usually engages.

When the end of the short month is reached, that is to say, about twenty-four hours on September 30 or about zero hours on October 1, the state shown in FIG. 12 occurs, which is a state immediately before a change of date and a change of month are made, therefore, a state in which the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 has reached the maximum diameter portion 54d of the date indicator drive cam 52. In this state, since the end 46b of the outer lever portion 46a of the end-of-month detection lever 46 is inserted into the end-of-month recess 24 of the date indicator 20 and the short month detection cam follower 45 of the date change lever 41 inserts into the corresponding short month recess 37b of the month cam 37, the date change lever 41 and the date change tab 42 held in this manner are located in the pre-swing position P1, which is a position where the date change tab 42 is swung in the direction C2. The pre-swing position P1 is a position where the date change tab 42 is swung in the direction C2 at an additional frequency ΔΦ = (Φ1-Φ0) in comparison with the usual swing position P0. Apart from the points described above, the state shown in FIG. 12 is the same as that shown in FIGS. 11 and 2.

After a small period of time has elapsed since the state shown in FIG. 12 and that the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 advances beyond the maximum diameter portion 54d of the date indicator guide cam 52, the cam follower 56 begins to fall precipitously along of the energy release cam surface 54b, as shown in FIG. 13. Moving the cam follower 56 along the energy release cam surface 54b causes the operation lever 53 to pivot rapidly in the direction J1, which causes the date change lever 41 to pivot rapidly in the direction C2, and the date change tab 42 comes into contact with the tooth 26 of the date gear 23 which is located in the position closest to and in front of the date change tab 42 to bring the date indicator 20 to rotate rapidly in the direction C2. Fig. 13 shows a state in which a half of "30" and a half of "31" are located in the date display area 13b of the month / date display window 13 with the vertex of the restriction tab jumper 27a of the date jumper 27 having reached the vertex of the corresponding tooth 26 of the date gear 23 in response to the directional rotation C2 of the date gear 23 of the date indicator 20 (state that lasts during a very short period), as in the state shown in FIG. 5 except the difference between a long month and a short month. The moment at which the state described above occurs is slightly after the moment of FIG. 12 and almost the same as the moment in fig. 12, that is, about twenty-four hours on September 30 or about zero hours on October 1st.

After a small period of time has elapsed since the state described above, the date jumper 27 quickly rotates the date indicator 20 in the direction C2 at the frequency corresponding to half a day, so that the state in which the jumper restriction tab 27a falls between the next adjacent teeth 26, 26 of the date gear 23 to set the date indicator 20 again occurs on one side, as represented in FIG. 14, whereby the date character LD in the date display area 13b of the month / date display window 13 is changed to "31". On the other hand, the cam follower 56 continues to drop precipitously along the energy release cam surface 54b, and the cam follower 56 is moved along the camming surface of the cam. energy 54b causes the operating lever 53 to pivot even more rapidly in the direction J1. It should be noted, however, that since the action of the date jumper 27 has already caused the date indicator 20 to pivot in the direction C2 at this time, a hole can be created between the date change tab 42 , which is the front end portion of the date change lever 41, and the tooth 26 of the date indicator 20 which is located in front of the date change tab 42. In this example, however, the fig. 14 shows that the date change tab 42 was swung in the direction C2 quickly enough to contact the tooth 26 and virtually keeps contact with it. The moment at which the state described above occurs is also slightly after the moments in FIGS. 12 and 13 or substantially the same as that in FIGS. 12 and 13, that is to say, at about twenty-four hours on September 30 or zero o'clock on October 1 st.

In the state shown in FIG. 14, the end-of-month detection end 46b of the end-of-month detection lever 46 is returned to its previous state in which the end 46b is output from the end-of-month recess 24 of the date indicator 20 and contacts the inner circumferential surface of the thick neck-shaped portion 22b. In the state shown in FIG. 14, the date change lever 41 is therefore also returned to its previous state in which the short month detection cam follower 45 is output from the short month recess 37 of the month cam 37, and the change of date 42 is also practically returned to the usual position of beginning of date change P0.

After a small period of time has elapsed since the state shown in FIG. 14, the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 continues to fall more rapidly precipitously along the energy release cam surface 54b of the date indicator guide cam 52. The tracking movement cam 56 along the energy release cam surface 54b causes the operating lever 53 to pivot rapidly in the direction J1, which causes the shift lever 41 to pivot rapidly in the direction C2, whereby the date change tab 42 contacts (or remains in contact) with the tooth 26 of the date gear 23 which is located in the closest position to and in front of the date change tab 42 and causes the date indicator 20 to pivot rapidly in the direction C2. Fig. 15 represents a state in which a half of "31" and a half of "1" are located towards the date character LD in the date display area 13b of the month / date display window 13 with the vertex of the jumper restriction tab 27a of the date jumper 27 having reached the vertex of the corresponding tooth 26 of the date gear 23 in response to the directional rotation C2 of the date gear 23 of the indicator of date 20 (state that lasts for a very short period), as in the states shown in fig. 5 and 8 except the difference between a long month and a short month. The moment at which the state described above occurs is slightly after the moments in FIGS. 12 to 14 and almost the same as the moments in fig. 12 to 14, that is to say, at about twenty-four hours on September 30 or about zero o'clock on October 1st. Since the moment described above is the end of a short month, the month change pin 25 of the date indicator 20 comes into contact with the end of the arm on the input side 38a of the month change lever. 38 to cause the month change lever 38 to swing in the direction K1, so that the month change tab 38c contacts the corresponding tooth 33a of the month star 33, whereby the star of month 33 begins to turn in the direction C1. At this time, the date change tab 42 is located in a position between the usual swing position P0 and the full swing position P2.

After a small period of time has elapsed since the state shown in FIG. 15, the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 continues to fall further precipitously along the energy release cam surface 54b of the date indicator guide cam 52. The displacement of the follower cam 56 along the energy release cam surface 54b causes the activation lever 53 to pivot rapidly in the direction J1, which causes the shift lever 41 to pivot rapidly in the direction C2, by which The date change tab 42 causes the date indicator 20 to pivot rapidly in the direction C2 by the tooth 26 of the date gear 23 which is located in the position closest to and in front of the tab of FIG. change of date 42. FIG. 16 represents not only a state in which most of the "1's" is located as the character indicating the date LD in the date display area 13b of the month / date display window 13 with the vertex of the tab jumper 27a of the jumper 27 having advanced beyond the vertex of the tooth 26 of the date gear 23 and begins to fall in response to the directional rotation C2 of the date gear 23 of the date indicator 20, as in the state shown in FIG. 9 except the difference between a long month and a short month, but also a state in which one half of "SEP" representing September and one half of "OCT" representing October are located as the month indication character LM in the area display of month 13a of the month / date display window 13 with the vertex of the jumper restriction tab of the month jumper 33c having reached the vertex of the corresponding tooth 33a of the month star 33 in response to C2 direction rotation of the month star 33 (state that lasts for a very short time). The moment at which the state described above occurs is slightly after the moments in FIGS. 12 to 15 and almost the same as the moments in fig. 12 to 15, that is, about twenty-four hours on September 30 or about zero o'clock on October 1st. At this time, the date change tab 42 is still located in a position between the usual swing position P0 and the full swing position P2.

After a small period of time has elapsed since the state described above, the date jumper 27 turns even more rapidly the date indicator 20 in the direction C2 at the frequency corresponding to a fraction. of one day, so that the state, in which the jumper restriction tab 27a falls between the next adjacent teeth 26, 26 of the date gear 23 to set the date indicator 20, occurs again. on one side, as shown in fig. 17, by which the date character LD in the date display area 13b of the month / date display window 13 is changed to "1". In addition, the month jumper 33c turns even faster the month star 33 in the direction C1 at the frequency corresponding to half a tooth, so that the state in which the jumper restriction tab of the 33c long jump falls on the root 33b between the next adjacent teeth 33a, 33a of the 33-month star to set the 30-month wheel occurs again, according to which the month character LM in the display area of month 13a of the month / date display window 13 is changed to "OCT" representing October. On the other hand, the cam follower 56 continues to drop precipitously along the energy release cam surface 54b, and the cam follower 56 is moved along the camming surface of the cam. energy 54b causes the operating lever 53 to pivot even more rapidly in the direction J1. It should be noted, however, that since the action of the date jumper 27 has already caused the date indicator 20 to pivot in the direction C2 at this time, a hole is created between the date change tab 42, which is the front end portion of the date change lever 41, located in the full swing position P2 and the tooth 26 of the date indicator 20 which is located opposite the date change tab 42. The moment at which the state described above occurs is also slightly after the moments shown in Figs. 12 to 16 or almost the same moment as the moments in fig. 12 to 16, that is to say, at about twenty-four hours on September 30 or zero o'clock on October 1 st.

As described above, in the timepiece calendar 3 including the calendar mechanism 1, after the date change tab 42 is balanced upstream (in the direction C1) at a high frequency to the pre-sway position P1 at the end of a short month, the high-speed date-changing mechanism 50 makes an early change of date corresponding to a day in a hasty manner and then additionally performs a usual date change of a hasty way, by which a change of date of two days can be carried out as a whole precipitously at high speed at the end of the short month. The calendar mechanism 1 may use components that serve as the basis for motion 2, according to which a necessary change can be minimized.

The month wheel may have twenty-four parts displayed in place of the twelve displayed parts, and the month cam may be formed of twenty-four parts in place of the twelve parts. Such an example will be described as a timepiece with a calendar mechanism or a calendar timepiece 3A having a movement 2A including a calendar mechanism 1A according to a variation of the invention with reference to FIGS. 18 to 23. In the timepiece calendar 3A shown in Figs. 18 to 23, the same elements as those in the timepiece calendar 3 shown in Figs. 1 to 17 have the same reference signs, while elements that have substantially the same functions but differ in terms of function and form have reference signs of the corresponding elements of the timepiece calendar 3 followed by a suffix AT.

In the calendar mechanism 3A, a month cam 37A has two cam surfaces per month: the second cam surface (back) for a short month is a short month recess 37bA; and the other cam surface is a large diameter arcuate surface 37aA. In addition, in the 3A calendar mechanism, a 33A month star also has two teeth per month and therefore 24 teeth 33aA and 33b roots in the set. In this example, each of the 37bA recesses of the 37A month cam is not a simple short month recess but is practically a short month, an end of month recess.

In the calendar mechanism 3A, no end-of-month detection lever is provided, and a date indicator 20A includes, instead of an end-of-month detection lever, not only a usual pin change month (second month change pin) 25A but also another month change pin (first month change pin) 24A. The first month change pin 24A contacts the month change lever 38 a day before the last day at the end of a short month to bring the month change tab 38c (transition from 29 to 30 ) to cause the month star 33A to pivot in the direction C1 at the frequency corresponding to a tooth, which causes the month cam 37A to pivot in the direction D1 of a notch by the intermediate wheels of month 34 and 35 to change its state of the foreground state for a short month in the background state for the short month.

In this case, a mobile keystroke control mechanism 5A is formed of the month cam 37A, a date change lever structure 40A formed of a date change lever 41A and the date change tab. 42, and an end-of-month detector that permits, at a specific time for a date transition at the end of a short month, the short month detection cam follower 45 of the date change lever structure 40A to insert into the corresponding short month recess 37bA of the 37A month cam. The end of month detector is formed of the first month change pin 24A.

In the calendar mechanism 3A, since no end-of-month detection lever is used, an operation lever 41A includes the operating lever engaging portion 43 and the detecting cam follower short month 45 but requires no end-of-month detection lever engagement arms.

A description will be made of the action of the calendar mechanism configured in this way 1Adu movement 2Ade the timingchalogerie part 3Aen reference to FIGS. 18 to 23.

FIG. 18 represents the timepiece calendar 3Adans a state at approximately twenty-four hours on September 29 or zero hours on September 30 and immediately before a date change from the 29th to the 30th. The state of timepiece calendar 3A represented in fig. 18 corresponds to the state of the timepiece calendar 3 shown in FIG. 11. In the state shown in FIG. 18, the first month change pin 24Ais located in the vicinity of the inlet side arm 38a of the month change lever 38.

In this state, since the hour wheel 16a rotates in the direction C1 as time elapses and the date indicator drive wheel 51 rotates in the direction H1 to bring the end 51c of the arcuate hole elongated 51b to turn the date indicator drive cam 52 in the direction H1, the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 advances beyond the maximum diameter portion 54d of the drive cam date indicator 52 and falls rapidly along the energy change cam surface 54b, and the date change tab 42 swings rapidly in the direction C1 to rapidly turn the date indicator 20Ad in the direction C2 to the frequency corresponding to a tooth.

The rotation in the direction C2 of the date indicator 20A that makes a change of date from "29" to "30" causes the first month change pin 24A to press the arm on the input side 38a of the change lever month 38, which causes the month change lever 38 to pivot in the direction K1, whereby the month change pin 38c causes the month star 33A set by the month jumper 33c to rotate in the direction C1 to the frequency corresponding to a tooth, which causes the month cam 37A to pivot in the direction D1 by the first and second intermediate wheels of month 34, 35 at the frequency corresponding to a notch (1/24). The state shown in FIG. 19 is reached. In this state, the corresponding short month recess 37bA of the month cam 37A is located in a pivot position facing the short month detection cam follower 45 of the date change lever 41A where the cam follower 45 is committable with 37bA short month recess.

Subsequently, when the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 falls all along the energy release cam surface 54b of the date indicator guide cam 52, the date transition from "29" to "30" is complete.

When the 30th of the month is reached after the rotation in the direction C2 of the date indicator 20Aet that the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 approaches the portion of maximum diameter 52d of the drive cam d date indicator 52 as time elapses, the operation lever 53 is pivoted in the direction J2 to release its engagement with the date shift lever 41A, so that the date change lever 41A rotates in the direction C1 and the short month detection cam follower 45 of the date change lever 41A inserts into the corresponding short month recess 37bA of the month cam 37A. The pivoting movement in the direction C1 of the date change lever 41A causes the date change tab 42 to pivot in the direction E1 relative to the date change lever 41A and moves upstream, that is to say in the direction C2, at the frequency corresponding to a tooth 26 of the date indicator 20A, so that the date change tab 42 can come into contact with the tooth 26 located upstream in the direction C2 to the frequency corresponding to a tooth from the tooth with which the date change tab 42 usually engages.

When the end of the short month is reached, that is to say, at about twenty-four hours on September 30 or about zero hours on October 1, the state shown in FIG. 20, which corresponds to FIG. 12 described above, occurs. Fig. 20 represents a state in which immediately before a change of date and a change of months are performed, therefore, a state in which the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 has reached the maximum diameter portion 54d of the cam 52. In this state, since the month detection cam follower 45 of the date change lever 41A has inserted into the corresponding short month recess 37bA of the month cam 37A, the The date change lever 41A and the date change tab 42 supported in this manner are located in a pre-swinging position P1, where they are balanced in the direction C2. The pre-swing position P1 is a position where the date change lever 41A and the date change tab 42 are swung in the direction C2 at an additional frequency ΔΦ = (Φ1-Φ0) in comparison with a usual position. sway P0. Apart from the points described above, the state described above is the same as the state shown in FIG. 18.

After a small period of time has elapsed since the state shown in FIG. 20 and the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 has advanced beyond the maximum diameter portion 54d of the date indicator drive cam 52, the cam follower 56 begins to fall precipitously on the along the energy release cam surface 54b, which causes the operation lever 53 to pivot rapidly in the direction J1, which causes the date change lever 41A to pivot rapidly in the direction C2, whereby the Date change tab 42 contacts the tooth 26 of the date gear 23 which is located in the position closest to and in front of the date change tab 42 to bring the date indicator 20A to rotate quickly in the direction C2.

After a small period of time has elapsed since the state described above, the date jumper 27 quickly rotates the date indicator 20A in the direction C2 to the frequency corresponding to half the time. one day, so that the state in which the jumper restriction tab 27a falls between the next adjacent teeth 26, 26 of the date gear 23 to set the date indicator 20Ase proceeds again to one side as shown in FIG. 21, which corresponds to FIG. 14 described above, whereby the date character LD in the date display area 13b of the month / date display window 13 is changed to "31". On the other hand, the cam follower 56 drops precipitously along the energy release cam surface 54b, which causes the operation lever 53 to pivot more rapidly in the J1 direction. It should be noted, however, that since the action of the date jumper 27 has already caused the date indicator 20A to pivot in the direction C2 at this time, a hole can be created between the date change tab 42, which is the front end portion of the date change lever 41A, and the tooth 26 of the date indicator 20A which is located opposite the date change tab 42. In this example, FIG. 21 shows that the date change tab 42 has swung in the direction C2 quickly enough to make contact with the tooth 26 and keep in touch therewith. The moment at which the state described above occurs is slightly after the moment in FIG. 20 and substantially the same as the moment in FIG. 20, that is, at about twenty-four hours on September 30 or zero o'clock on October 1 st.

In the state shown in FIG. 21, the short month detection cam follower 45 of the date change lever 41A is returned to its previous state in which the month detecting cam follower 45 exits the short month recess 37bA of the month cam 37A, and the date change tab 42 is practically returned to the usual starting position P0.

After a small period of time has elapsed since the state shown in FIG. 21, the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 continues to fall even more rapidly precipitously along the energy release cam surface 54b of the date indicator guide cam 52. cam follower 56 along the energy release cam surface 54b causes the operating lever 53 to pivot rapidly in the direction J1, which causes the date change lever 41A to pivot rapidly in the direction C2, by which the date change tab 42 contacts (or remains in contact) with the tooth 26 of the date gear 23 which is located in the position closest to and in front of the shift tab. date 42, which causes the date indicator 20A to pivot rapidly in the direction C2. When the vertex of the jumper restriction tab 27a of the date jumper 27 is ready to reach the vertex of the corresponding tooth 26 of the date gear 23 in response to the directional rotation C2 of the date gear 23 of the date indicator 20A, a second month change pin 25A of the date indicator 20Ase contacts the end 38a of the month change lever 38 to cause the month shift lever 38 to swing in the direction K1, by which the month change tab 38c comes into contact with the month star 33A, which begins to rotate in the direction C1. At this time, the cam follower 56 of the operating lever 53 further continues to fall precipitously along the energy release cam surface 54b of the date indicator guide cam 52. The tracking of the follower cam 56 along the energy release cam surface 54b causes the operating lever 53 to pivot rapidly in the direction J1, which causes the date change lever 41A to pivot rapidly in the direction C2, whereby the The date change tab 42 causes the date indicator 20A to swivel rapidly in the direction C2 by the tooth 26 of the date gear 23 which is located in the position closest to and in front of the change tab. of date 42. FIG. 22, which corresponds to FIG. 16, not only represents a state in which most of the "1's" are in the date display area 13b of the month / date display window 13 with the jumper's jumper restriction tab vertex 27a of date 27 having advanced beyond the vertex of the tooth 26 of the date gear 23 and begins to fall in response to the directional rotation C2 of the date gear 23 of the date indicator 20A, but also a state in which one half of the displayed portion "SEP" representing September and one half of the displayed portion "OCT" representing October are located in the month display area 13a of the month / date display window 13 with the vertex of the jumper restriction tab of the jumper of month 33c having reached the vertex of the corresponding tooth 33aA of the star of month 33A in response to the directional rotation C2 of the star of month 33A (state which lasts during a very short period). The moment when the state described above occurs is slightly after the moments in Figs. 20 and 21 and substantially the same as the moments in FIGS. 20 and 21, that is, at about twenty-four hours on September 30 or about zero o'clock on October 1 st. At this time, the date change tab 42 is located in a position between the usual swing position P0 and the full swing position P2.

After a small period of time has elapsed since the state described above, the date jumper 27 quickly rotates the date indicator 20A in the direction C2 at the frequency corresponding to a fraction of a day, so that the state in which the jumper restriction tab 27a falls between the next adjacent teeth 26, 26 of the date gear 23 to set the date indicator 20A again occurs on one side, as shown in FIG. 23, which corresponds to FIG. 17, by which the date character LD in the date display area 13b of the month / date display window 13 is changed to "1". In addition, the 33c month jumper quickly rotates the 33th month star in the C1 direction to the frequency corresponding to one half of the tooth, so that the state in which the jumper restriction tab of the 33c month jumper falls on the back 33bA between the next adjacent teeth 33aA, 33aA of the month star 33A to set the month wheel 30Ase produced again, whereby the month character LM in the month display area 13a of the window month / date display 13 is changed to a displayed part "OCT" representing October. On the other hand, the cam follower 56 continues to drop precipitously along the energy release cam surface 54b, and the cam follower 56 is moved along the camming surface of the cam. energy 54b causes the operating lever 53 to pivot even more rapidly in the direction J1. It should be noted, however, that since the action of the date jumper 27 has already caused the date indicator 20A to pivot in the direction C2 at this time, a hole is created between the date change tab 42, which the front end portion of the date change lever 41A, located in the full swing position P2 and the tooth 26 of the date indicator 20A which is located opposite the date change tab 42. The moment when the state described above occurs is also slightly after the moments in fig. 20 to 22 and substantially the same as the moments in Figs. 20 to 22, that is to say, at about twenty-four hours on September 30 or zero o'clock on October 1st.

As described above, also in the timepiece calendar 3A comprising the calendar mechanism 1A, after the date change tab 42 is balanced upstream (in the direction C1) at a high frequency to the pre-swinging position P1 at the end of a short month, the high-speed date changing mechanism 50 makes a date change in advance corresponding to a day in a rush manner and then further performs a usual date change in a precipitous manner, by which a change of date of two days can be carried out in its entirety precipitously at high speed at the end of the short month.

Regarding the high-speed date change mechanism 50, the description on the calendar timepiece 3 comprising the calendar mechanism 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 17 and on the calendar timepiece 3A comprising the calendar mechanism 1A shown in FIGS. 18 to 23 was made with reference to the case where the operating lever 53 provided with the cam follower 56, which makes contact with the date indicator guide cam 52, actuates the date change tab 42 by the date change lever 41 or 41A to effect the date change at high speed. Alternatively, an operating lever 53B itself, which is provided with a cam follower 56B, which engages a date indicator guide cam 52B, may have a date change pin 42B, such as represented, for example, in FIGS. 24 (a).

Again alternatively, a date change lever 41C itself, which comes into contact with an operating lever 53C provided with a cam follower 56C, which comes into contact with a guide cam of 52C date indicator, may have an integrated date change tab 42C, as shown, for example, in FIG. 24 (b).

In the calendar mechanism 1 according to the embodiment described above, to correct the date by removing the winding stem 15a a notch at the end of a short month, for example, the 30 at midnight , the short month detection cam follower 45 of the date change lever 41 has fallen into the corresponding short month recess 37b of the month cam 37. In this case, an attempt to correct the date to correct the month fails. in this amount of time because the month cam 37 can not be rotated.

A description will then be made of a calendar mechanism 1B with a date correction mechanism which allows a date correction in addition to a month correction even in the time period described above at the end of a month runs as a variation of the present embodiment.

The calendar mechanism 1B with a date correction mechanism 64 according to the variation will be described with reference to FIGS. 25 to 28. In the calendar mechanism 1B shown in FIGS. 25 to 27, by removing the winding stem 15a a notch moves the date indicator 20 and the month wheel 30 for a date correction, and removing the winding stem 15a of two notches allows a time correction.

A recess of the winding stem 15a provided in the movement 2 comes into contact with and is supported by a front end 65a of a lever for adjusting the lever 65, and the lever for adjusting the lever 65 turns around a central axis P in synchronization with the forward and backward movement of the winding stem 15a. A pawl spring 66 provided in the vicinity of the lever for adjusting the lever 65 has three pawl grooves 66a, 66b and 66c, and a locating pin 67 riveted in the lever for adjusting the lever 65 is selectively engageable with the grooves ratchet. For example, when the winding stem 15a is located in a retracted position where the winding stem 15a is retracted into the movement 2, the positioning pin 67 comes into contact with the first pawl groove 66a. When the winding stem 15a is removed one notch, the positioning pin 67 contacts the second pawl groove 66b. When the winding stem 15a is removed from two notches, the positioning pin 67 comes into contact with the third pawl groove 66c. The angle of rotation of the lever for the adjustment of the lever 65 is thus determined.

In addition, a first clutch lever 68 is provided in such a manner on the opposite side of the winding stem 15a to the lever for adjusting the lever 65 that the first clutch lever 68 can swing around a central axis Q. The front end 65a of the lever for adjusting the lever 65 is in contact with a raised portion 68a provided on a side portion of the first clutch lever 68 so that the front end 65a can slide the along the high part 68a, by which the first clutch lever 68 can swing when it is pressed by the lever for adjusting the lever 65. A second clutch lever 69, which can swing about a central axis R , has an end portion 69a, which is in contact with the first clutch lever 68 such that an end portion 69a is movable in synchronism with the first clutch lever 68.

The front end 65a of the lever for adjusting the lever 65, when the winding stem 15a is located in the retracted position, comes into contact with a base of the upper portion 68a of the first clutch lever 68, then when the winding stem 15a is removed one notch, the front end 65a contacts the vertex of the upper portion 68a, and when the winding stem 15a is removed from two notches, the front end 65a between in contact with the other base of the raised portion 68a. The swaying movement of the first clutch lever 68 is thus controlled.

An operating pin 70 is riveted into the other end portion of the second clutch lever 69. When the second clutch lever 69 pivots in synchronization with the pivotal movement of the first clutch lever 68 , the operation pin 70 can press the base of the date change tab 42 to cause the date change tab 42 to rotate clockwise about the central axis E and to detach from the teeth 26 of the date indicator 20, and the operating pin 70 can further squeeze the date change lever 41 to cause the short month detection cam follower 45 to detach from the month recess short 37b of the month cam 37 with which the cam follower 45 is engaged.

A plate-shaped clutch lever cover 72 is on the main plate 6 as shown in FIG. 28, and a portion where the first clutch lever 68 and the second clutch lever 69 engage each other is accommodated between the clutch lever cover 72 and the main plate 6 to prevent a change of position.

The date correction mechanism 64 of the timing mechanism 1B according to the present variation has the configuration described above, and a description will then be made of a method of correction of date to be performed in the period when the follower of 41 short month detection cam of the date change lever 41 falls in one of the short 37 month recesses of the 37 month cam, for example, the 30 at midnight at the end of a short month, which is the period to which a date correction can not be made in the embodiment described above.

At midnight on the 29th or the 30th at the end of a short month, the short month detection cam follower 45 of the date change lever 41 fell into the corresponding short month recess 37b of the cam month 37, as shown in FIG. 25. In this state, when the winding stem 15a is removed one notch from the retracted position to effect a date correction, the front end 65a of the lever for adjusting the lever 65 is removed and rotates in the opposite direction clockwise, by which the positioning pin 67 elastically deforms the pawl spring 66, moves from the first pawl groove 66a to the second pawl groove 66b, and is positioned thereon, as shown in FIG. fig. 26.

In this position, since the front end 65a of the lever for adjusting the lever 65 moves from the sole base of the high portion 68a of the first clutch lever 68 to the vertex thereof, the first lever of clutch 68 is pressed and pivoted about the central axis Q to press the single end portion 69a of the second clutch lever 69, whereby a second clutch lever 69 rotates clockwise around of the central axis R, and the operating pin 70 presses the date change tab 42, which pivots clockwise about the central axis R and detaches from the tooth 26 of the date indicator 20 with which the date change tab 42 is engaged. Further, when the second clutch lever 69 is rotated clockwise, the operation pin 70 presses the date shift lever 41 along the date change tab 42, so that the short month detection cam follower 45 detaches from the short month recess 37b of the month cam 37 with which the cam follower 45 is engaged.

Since the date change lever 41 and the date change tab 42 are held in this state, the rotation of the crown 15 of the winding stem 15a turns the date indicator 20 and the month wheel. 30 for a correction of date and month. In this method, to change the month by advancing the date from midnight on the 30th to the end of a short month, the month cam 37 may be rotated because the short month detection cam follower 45 has detached from the short month recess 37b of the month cam 37 with which the cam follower 45 is engaged. In addition, the operating pin 70 has caused the date change tab 42 in addition to the date shift lever 41 to pivot so that it detaches from the tooth 26 of the date indicator 20 with which they are engaged.

In the case other than at the end of a short month, such as in a long month, the operating pin 70 similarly holds the short month detection cam follower 45 of the date change lever 41 in a position changed from the short month 37b recesses of the month cam 37 and holds the date change tab 42 in a changed position from the teeth 26. In addition, when the winding stem 15a is removed from two notches the second clutch lever 69 returns to a position where the operating pin 70 does not press the shift lever structure 40 because the front end 65a of the lever for adjusting the lever 65 moves toward the other base of the high portion 68a of the first clutch lever 68, as shown in FIG. 27.

As described above, according to the date correction mechanism 64 of the timing mechanism 1B of this variation, in the date correction operation, even at the end of a short month and when the follower of 45 short month detection cam of the date shift lever 41 is inserted into the corresponding short month recess 37b of the month cam 37, the operating pin 70 of the second clutch lever 69 can hold the cam follower detecting a short month 45 of the date change lever 41 in a changed position since the short month recess 37b of the month cam 37 and can also hold the date change tab 42 in a changed position from the teeth 26 , according to which a correction can always be made even at the end of a short month and in a long month without limitation in terms of month and date.

In the description above, the date change tab 42 is thus allowed to come off the teeth 26 of the date indicator 20 when a date correction is made, but the date change tab 42 may not be pressed by the operating pin 70 but may be stuck to any teeth 26. In this case, since the rotation of the crown of the winding stem 15a turns the date indicator 20 into the counterclockwise, the inclined surface of the tooth 26 at which the date change tab 42 is locked presses the rear inclined surface of the tab portion of the date change tab 42 so as to that the date change tab 42 is detached from the tooth 26.

The date correction mechanism 64 according to the present variation can also be used in the calendar mechanism 1A described above.

Claims (11)

A calendar mechanism (1) characterized in that the calendar mechanism (1) comprises: a high speed date changing mechanism (50) which makes a date change at a frequency greater than one day by increasing the keystroke of a date change tab (42) which comes into contact with teeth (26) of a date indicator (20) and press one of the teeth (26) to effect the date change and using the date change tab (42) having the increased tap to press the tooth (26) the date indicator (20); and a movable keystroke control mechanism (5) that identifies a short month of 30 days or less and causes the high-speed date-changing mechanism (50) to perform a two-day date change at the end of the short month; . 2. The calendar mechanism (1) according to claim 1, wherein the mobile keystroke control mechanism (5) includes a month cam (37) that includes a short month recess (37b) that distinguishes the short month from the long months each formed by 31 days, the month cam (37) rotating one year, a date change lever structure (40) that includes the date change tab (42) and a short month detection cam follower (45) that detects the short month, the date shift lever structure (40) swingably supported by a support substrate, and an end of month detector that allows the short month detection cam follower (45) of the date shift lever structure (40) to insert the short month recess (37b) of the month cam (37). ) at the end of the short month, the high speed date changing mechanism (50) includes a date shift lever driving mechanism that causes the date shift lever structure (40) to swing once a day to bring the change of date (42) to make the change of date, and at the end of the short month when the data transition is made, the short month detection cam follower (45) of the date shift lever structure (40) is swinging from a pre-swinging position (P1) wherein the short month detection cam follower (45) inserts into the short month recess (37b) of the month cam (37) to a full swing position (P2) where the date change is completed to make the change of date two days. 3. The calendar mechanism (1) according to claim 2, wherein the date indicator (20) has an end-of-month recess (24), the date change lever structure (40) includes a month-end detection lever engagement portion, the end-of-month detector is formed of the month-end recess (24) of the date indicator (20) and an end-of-month detection lever (46), the end-of-month detection lever ( 46) including a date shift lever engagement portion that engages the month-end detection lever engaging portion of the date shift lever structure (40) and a sensing end end-of-month (46b) which is engagable with the end-of-month recess (24) of the date indicator (20), and at the end of the short month, the month-end detection end (46b) of the end-of-month detection lever (46) is inserted into the end-of-month recess (24) of the date indicator ( 20), which allows the short month detection cam follower (45) of the date shift lever structure (40) to fit into the short month recess (37b) of the month cam (37). so that the date shift lever structure (40) is located in the pre-swinging position (P1). 4. The calendar mechanism (1) according to claim 3, wherein the date shift lever structure (40) has a date change lever body and a date change miter lever, the date change miter lever thus connected to the shift lever body of date so that the date change tab lever is pivotable relative to the date shift lever body and having a front end at which the date change tab (42) is provided. 5. The calendar mechanism (1) according to claim 2, wherein the month cam (37) has 24 teeth (26), rotates at a frequency corresponding to two teeth (26) per month, to the short month recess (37b) provided in a rear side portion of the short month, the end of month detector has two month change protrusions formed in circumferentially separated positions on the date indicator (20) in the vicinity of an end of month position thereof, and a month change lever (38) which includes an end of month detection end (46b) engageable with the month change protuberances and rotates the month cam (37) at a frequency corresponding to a tooth (26) by a month star (33) when the end-of-month detection end (46b) comes into contact with any month change protuberances, and when the first of the two month change protuberances causes the month change lever (38) to rotate so that the month cam (37) rotates at a frequency corresponding to a tooth (26), the detection cam follower month (45) of the date change lever structure (40) is inserted into the short month recess (37b) of the month cam (37) so that the date change lever structure ( 40) is swinging to the pre-balancing position (P1). 6. The calendar mechanism (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the high-speed date change mechanism (50) includes a date indicator drive wheel (51) which includes an elongate pin or arcuate hole (51b), a date indicator drive cam (52) which includes the other of the pin and the elongated arcuate hole (51b) so that the pin and the elongated arcuate hole (51b) contact each with the other, and an operation lever (68, 69) which has an end provided with a date indicator drive cam follower which forms a cam follower (56) for the date indicator drive cam ( 52) and the other end provided with a date shift lever engaging portion which engages the operating lever engaging portion (43) of the shift lever structure ( 40). 7. The calendar mechanism (1) according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the calendar mechanism (1) further comprises a clutch lever (68, 69) which moves in synchronism with the date correction operation, and the clutch lever (68, 69) prevents, in synchronization with a date correction action, the short month detection cam follower (45) of the date shift lever structure (40) from being inserted in the short month recess (37b) of the month cam (37). 8. The calendar mechanism (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the clutch lever (68, 69) prevents, in synchronization with the date correction action, the date change tab (42). ) of the date shift lever structure (40) to contact the teeth (26) of the date indicator (20). 9. The calendar mechanism (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the calendar mechanism (1) further comprises a clutch lever (68, 69) which moves in synchronization with a date correction operation, and the clutch lever (68, 69) includes a first clutch lever (68) which moves in synchronism with the date correction operation and a second clutch lever (69) which prevents, in synchronization with the clutch lever first clutch lever (68), not only the short month detection cam follower (45) of the date shift lever structure (40) to fit into the short month recess (37b) of the month cam (37) but also the date change tab (42) to make contact with the teeth (26) of the date indicator (20). A movement (2) comprising the calendar mechanism (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 11. A timepiece calendar (3) comprising the calendar mechanism (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.