CH704990A1 - A method of repairing or checking a accommodated in a pressure-tight closed container, in particular refrigeration system and container for carrying out the method. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for repairing or checking a system (16) which is accommodated in a permanently pressure - tight closed container (10) and in which method the container (10) is cut open at at least one predetermined separation point (23) Container (10) located plant (16) is repaired or checked, and then the container (10) at the separation point (23) is closed again by a cohesive connection.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to the field of plant engineering. It relates to a method for repairing or checking a in a pressure-tight closed container housed, in particular refrigeration system. It further relates to a container for carrying out the method.

STATE OF THE ART

It has been known for some time (see, for example, WO 2004/020 918 A1 or WO 2009/094 788 A1) to modularly construct refrigeration systems of greater power in order to be able to react flexibly and efficiently to different requirements for refrigeration consumption. The refrigeration systems are to be assembled from individual, generally similar refrigeration modules, which are each covered with a protective jacket in the manner that creates a protection between the refrigeration cycle of the individual module and the environment. This protection absorbs any refrigerant escaping from the refrigeration cycle and prevents the harmful contact between the refrigerant and the environment.

A much simplified scheme of such a modular refrigeration system is shown in Fig. 7. The local refrigeration system 40 is composed of a plurality of parallel operating refrigeration modules KM1 ... KMn, each having a local refrigeration cycle with a compressor 38 and a heat exchanger 16. From the heat exchanger 16 of each cold module KM1 ... KMn connecting lines are led to manifolds SL1, SL2, for example, connect the individual modules with a cold consumer.

The individual cooling modules KM1 ... KMn should now each be housed in a pressure-tight sealed container 10, which has a different from the outside world internal pressure (for example, a vacuum). Such a pressure-tight sealed container per cooling module has the following effects: It creates the security / that no leaking refrigerant can reach the environment. In the event of a leak, the refrigerant should be able to be recovered (possibly disposed of or recycled). If the refrigerant is particularly toxic, a hazard to humans and animals, etc. is excluded without any further measures. the refrigerant, in particular flammable or explosive, is a hazard to humans and animals, etc. excluded without further action. The same applies to all other types of endangering the environment, in particular humans and animals (for example pressure, greenhouse effect, etc.). If a vacuum prevails in the case, further advantages result: - Escaping refrigerant may be reusable. - It can be dispensed with an additional thermal insulation - When refrigerant escapes, the system can be switched off immediately by means of a pressure sensor and an alarm can be issued. - In case of a defect of the shell or the container also results in a pressure increase (or in the case of a previous overpressure, a pressure drop), which by means of pressure sensor shut off the system immediately and can issue an alarm. The case or container can absorb and dampen vibrations and noise. The envelope or container provides protection against mechanical damage. The interior of the shell or container can be cooled (if the heat output of the compressor becomes a problem, the interior of the pipe can be kept at a desired temperature by means of coiled tubing or the like, for example, the cold medium return or feed temperature or appropriate measures).

But it is also conceivable that the shell or the container is filled with a protective gas (same alerting as above).

The shell or the container may have different designs (round, square, cylindrical, etc.) and made of different materials (stainless steel, steel, carbon, plastic, etc.), which meet the mentioned characteristics.

The container with the module can be built in a standing or lying version.

Add to the known advantages of modular technology through the container that there are no or fewer conditions with respect. The site can (indoor, outdoor, public transport, wall, floor ceiling, etc.).

There are no special structural safety measures required.

There can be no (even unintentional) mistraying, since the entire refrigeration cycle is hermetically sealed or semihermetic.

In case of damage, the modules can be exchanged and repaired in a sheltered workshop with appropriate specialist personnel in the appropriate environment.

The problem is the permanent tightness of the container with the modules therein. If the container is provided with openable and re-closable openings that can be opened during a repair or inspection, seals are required to seal the openings. However, for example, to keep a vacuum in the container for a long time (> 10 years), conventional rubber or plastic gaskets (O-rings etc.) are not sufficient because of the associated diffusion problems. On the other hand, the use of metal seals is usually expensive.

The invention explained below is therefore based on the assumption that the modules are housed in permanently gas- or pressure-tight sealed containers.

The aim is to build such a security container, which is to be gas-tight for vacuum and pressure (or pressure only), low and in the case of a repair to perform this cheap.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method for repairing or checking a permanently pressuretight closed container housed, in particular refrigeration system, indicate which is simple and safe to carry out and even after repair or inspection a permanent tightness guaranteed.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a container with a housed therein, in particular refrigeration system for performing the inventive method.

These and other objects are achieved by the features of claims 1 and 15.

In the inventive method for repairing or checking a permanently pressuretight closed container housed, in particular refrigeration system, the container is cut at least one predetermined separation point, the system located in the container is repaired or checked, and then the container closed again at the separation point by a cohesive connection.

An embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the container is separated by the cutting in at least two separate container parts, and that the at least two separate container parts are connected to the repair of the system again cohesively.

Preferably, the at least two separate container parts are welded together.

Another embodiment of the inventive method is characterized in that from the system located in the container at least one tube is guided through the container wall to the outside, that the container for carrying the at least one tube has a projecting from the container wall to the outside pipe socket, by which the at least one pipe is led to the outside and connected pressure-tight on the outside of the pipe with the outer end of the pipe socket that is cut to repair or review the system of the pipe socket with the pipe therein at a first predetermined separation point, and that after Repair or inspection of the pipe socket is sealed pressure-tight again by a material connection with the performed pipe.

In particular, the at least one tube on the outside of the tube with the outer end of the pipe socket by a pressure-tight welded joint, which is again sealed pressure-tight after repair or inspection of the pipe socket by welding with the performed pipe.

Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the at least one tube is cut at a lying outside the first separation point second separation point to form a gap in the pipe, that after the repair or check first coming out of the container, cut off pipe to close the gap through the pipe socket to the extent that it connects to the second part of the separation to the outer part of the tube, that then the two ends of the tube are connected to each other, and that the pipe socket by a material connection with the tube is again closed pressure-tight.

Preferably, the two ends of the tube are joined together by welding.

According to another embodiment, the at least one pipe is connected to a part of the plant arranged in the container, and the pipe is moved together with the plant part.

A further embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the at least one tube is cut at a lying outside the first separation point second separation point and at a lying within the container third separation point to form a gap in the tube that after the Repair or inspection in the gap to close the gap a corresponding piece of pipe used and connected to the second and third separation point with the ends of the tube, and that the pipe socket is sealed by a material connection with the pipe section used again pressure-tight.

Preferably, the pipe section is connected to the ends of the pipe in each case by a weld.

Yet another embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that an outwardly extending flange connection is arranged on the container, which has a flange which is closed by an attached cover, that the flange connection is surrounded by a hood attached to the flange connection, which closes the flange connection to the outside pressure-tight, that the hood is cut at a separation point for repair or inspection of the system located in the container, and that after completion of the repair or inspection, the hood is pressure-tight again attached to the flange connection.

A further embodiment is characterized in that the flange is spaced from the container wall, that is attached to the flange extending to the container neck that the slipped over the flange and the nozzle hood materially connected to the free end of the nozzle is, and that the junction is separated by simultaneous cutting of the hood and nozzle at the separation point.

But it is also conceivable that the flange is spaced from the container wall, that between the flange and the container wall is mounted parallel to the flange extending flange that the slipped over the flange connection hood is materially connected to the outer edge of the flange , And that the junction is separated by simultaneous cutting of the hood and flange at the separation point.

Preferably, the hood is connected to the flange by a weld, and after completion of the repair or inspection, the hood is again pressure-tight attached to the flange by a weld.

The inventive container with a housed therein, in particular refrigeration system for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized in that the container is closed by cohesive connections of its parts gas or pressure-tight.

An embodiment of the inventive container is characterized in that from the system located in the container at least one pipe is guided through the container wall to the outside, and that the container for carrying the at least one tube has a projecting from the container wall to the outside pipe socket, through which the at least one pipe is led outwards and is pressure-tightly connected on the outside of the pipe with the outer end of the pipe socket.

In particular, the at least one tube on the outside of the tube with the outer end of the pipe socket by a pressure-tight welded joint.

Another embodiment of the container according to the invention is characterized in that an outwardly extending flange connection is arranged on the container, which has a flange which is closed by an attached cover, and that the flange connection is surrounded by a hood attached to the flange connection, which terminates the flange connection to the outside pressure-tight.

A further embodiment is characterized in that the flange is spaced from the container wall, that on the flange is attached to the container extending nozzle, and that the inverted over the flange and the nozzle hood with the free end of the nozzle is connected cohesively.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the flange is spaced from the container wall, that between the flange and the container wall is mounted parallel to the flange extending flange, and that the slipped over the flange connection hood with the outer edge of the flange cohesively connected is.

Preferably, the hood is connected to the flange by a weld.

BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments in conjunction with the drawings. Show it: <Tb> FIG. 1. <sep> in the detail an example of a permanently closed container with a heat exchanger disposed therein and outwardly guided pipes, wherein the container is welded together at separation points of several parts; <Tb> FIG. 2 <sep> the opening of the container for repairing or checking the system therein (heat exchanger) according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein a part of the container is separated at a separation point; <Tb> FIG. 3 <sep> a container with a system therein according to another embodiment of the invention, with a specially designed flange connection and specially designed pipe feedthroughs (FIG. 3 (a)), as well as the opening of the container at the flange connection (FIG. 3 (b)). ) and opening the container to a pipe feedthrough (Figure 3 (c)); <Tb> FIG. 4 <sep> another way to open the container at the pipe feedthrough according to FIG. 3 (FIG. 4 (a)) and to close it again by pushing the pipe (FIG. 4 (b)); <Tb> FIG. 5 <sep> another way to open the container on the pipe duct according to FIG. 3 (FIG. 4 (a)) and to close it again by inserting a pipe section (FIG. 4 (b)); <Tb> FIG. Figure 6 shows another embodiment of the flange connection on the container (Figure 6 (a)) and the way to open and close it (Figure 6 (b)); and <Tb> FIG. 7 <sep> A highly simplified scheme of a modular refrigeration system, in which the individual modules are each housed in a permanently sealed container.

WAYS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

In the center of the invention is shown in FIG 1, a container 10, which is permanently sealed by cohesive connections between its individual parts pressure and gas-tight and in the interior 11 a system, in particular refrigeration technology (eg a refrigeration cycle), of the in Fig. 1beispielsweise a heat exchanger 16 is shown. The container 10 is built in two (or more) container parts 12, 13 and after the installation of the system or the module or the like. Connected to one or more separation points 14, 15 cohesively over its circumference. In the case of a repair or inspection of the system located in the interior 11, in which one must come to the "inner life", the container is, for example, separated or cut at the separation point 15 (Fig. 2) and closed again after repair or inspection ,

It is best with respect to the tightness and stability, the container parts 12, 13 at the separation points 14, 15 to be welded or hard to solder, so to close metallic (the materials of the container 10 are usually but not exclusively steel or stainless steels) ,

The heat exchanger 16 of Fig. 1bzw. 2 has tubes 17, 18, which are guided from the heat exchanger 16 through the wall of the container 10 to the outside, for example, according to FIG. 7an common manifolds SU, SL2 to be connected. In the example of Figures 1, 2, the tubes 17, 18 are secured and sealed directly at their passage through the container wall by welding 19, 20, respectively.

However, in order to come in case of repair or disposal of the "inner life" of the refrigeration module (heat exchanger 16) and at most to be able to expand, a weld directly to the container wall is not useful because this weld is very difficult to access is.

There are therefore provided with advantage in accordance with FIG. 3bei the passage of the tubes 17 and 18 through the container wall to the outside of the container wall projecting pipe socket 21, 22. If you first weld the pipe socket 21, 22 to the container 10 and pulls the tubes 17, 18 of the interior parts 11 system components (heat exchanger 16, etc.) through these pipe sockets 21, 22 and welded the same to each other at the end of the pipe socket (19 and welding; 20), so in case of repair with a blade or a similar tool or process at a predetermined separation point 23 (Fig. 3 (a, c)) of the outer pipe socket 21 and the pipe 17 located therein are separated to the heat exchanger 16 and so Heat exchanger 16 easy to remove and reinstall. Subsequently, pipe 17 and pipe socket 21 at the separation point 23 by a new (recessed) weld 19 again cohesively and pressure-tightly connected (Fig. 3 (c)).

If a gap L in the pipeline is produced by a section through the pipe 17 at a second, further outward separating point 23 according to FIG. 4 (a), the heat exchanger 16 can be pushed in as shown in FIG. 4 (b) »And the remaining shorter pipe of the heat exchanger 16 must be welded again with the on-site pipe (weld 19») and the (now shorter) pipe socket 21 (weld 19).

But it is also - if the heat exchanger 16 should not be nachgeschoben - conceivable (Fig. 5), at three separation points 23, 23 and 23 »of the pipe sections to install (Fig. 5 (a)), through which a Gap L 'arises. This gap is later closed again by inserting a corresponding pipe section 34, which is connected to the remaining pipe ends by welds 33 and 33 and connected by a weld 19 with the shortened pipe socket 21 (Fig. 5 (b)). In this way, the heat exchanger 16 may remain in the container 10 at the original position.

This applies to all connections between the heat exchanger 16 (or other line bushings) and located outside the container 10, on-site plant parts, which require a passage through the container wall and which are not or only very difficult to access with tools (see the inaccessible connection 24 in Fig. 3 (a)). Accessible connections (eg 25 in Fig. 3 (a)) where the heat exchanger 16 can be loosened and disassembled "inside" are carried out (normally, but not necessarily) in the same way, but in this case the line and the pipe socket not cut through, but remain in the original condition.

The previous statements apply mutatis mutandis to the metallic closure in a container 10 arranged on the flange connection (see flange 26 in Fig. 3 and 26 in Fig. 6). Also in this case, the opening is solved in detail so that the weld can be simply "cut out" and still enough material remains to install a new weld again.

The flange connection 26 in the embodiment of FIG. 3 comprises a flange 27 at the end of a projecting from the container wall pipe section, which is closed by appropriate screwing with a cover 28. As the enlarged detail in Fig. 3 (b) makes clear, a directed towards the container socket 30 is welded to the flange 27. With the free end of this nozzle a hood 29 is welded (welding 31), which surrounds the flange connection 26 from the flange 27 to a gas-tight. In order to remove the hood 29 in the event of a repair or inspection and thus gain access to the flange connection 26, the connection piece 30 and hood 29 are cut through (severed) at a separation point 32 such that the section with the weld 31 drops. The hood 29 can then be removed and the flange 26 are opened. If the flange connection 26 is then closed again in a gastight manner, the hood 29 is placed on and connected at the separation point 32 with the shortened connection piece 30 by a new weld 31.

An alternative embodiment for such a flange cover is shown in Fig. 6. The local flange connection 26 is covered by a hood 29, which has a brim and is welded to the outer edge of the brim with a flange 37 (weld 35), which in turn is welded to the protruding from the container wall pipe section. If the hood 29 are removed, the edge and the flange 37 are severed at a separation point 36, so that the portion removed with the weld 35 and the hood 29 can be removed. When closing later, the flange ring 37 and hood 29 are gas-tight again by a new weld 35 (FIG. 6 (b)).

By this type of repair, the gas-tight and pressure-tight sealed by cohesive connections of its parts container 10 is closed again after repair in a simple manner. Since such a repair or inspection is only rarely necessary, this type of opening and reclosing is safer and cheaper than if sealed openings were provided for it.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

[0052] <Tb> 10 <sep> container <Tb> 11 <sep> Interior <tb> 12, 13 <sep> container part <tb> 14,1 5 <sep> separation point <Tb> 16 <sep> Heat Exchanger <tb> 17, 18 <sep> tube <tb> 19,19, 19 <sep> Welding <Tb> 20 <sep> welding <tb> 21, 22 <sep> pipe socket <tb> 23, 23, 23 <sep> separation point <tb> 24 <sep> inaccessible connection <tb> 25 <sep> accessible connection <tb> 26, 26 <sep> Flange connection <Tb> 27 <sep> flange <Tb> 28 <sep> Lid <tb> 29, 29 <sep> Hood <Tb> 30 <sep> spigot <tb> 31, 31 <sep> Welding <tb> 32, 36 <sep> separation point <tb> 33, 33 <sep> Welding <Tb> 34 <sep> pipe section <tb> 35, 35 <sep> Welding <Tb> 37 <sep> flange <Tb> 38 <sep> compressor <Tb> 40 <sep> refrigeration plant <Tb> KM1 ... KMn <sep> refrigeration module <tb> L, L <sep> gap <Tb> SL1 ... SL2 <sep> manifold

Claims (21)

1. A method for repairing or checking a system (16) which is accommodated in a permanently pressure-tight closed container (10) and in which method the container (10) is connected to at least one predetermined separation point (14, 15; 23, 23, 23, 32, 36) is cut open, the system (16) located in the container (10) is repaired or checked, and then the container (10) at the separation point (14, 15, 23, 23, 23 ; 32, 36) is closed again by a cohesive connection. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the container (10) by the cutting into at least two separate container parts (12, 13) is separated, and that the at least two separate container parts (12, 13) after the repair of the system again be joined together materially. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least two separate container parts (12, 13) are welded together. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that of the in the container (10) located plant (16) at least one tube (17, 18) is guided through the container wall to the outside, that the container (10) for carrying out the at least one Pipe (17, 18) has a projecting from the container wall to the outside pipe socket (21, 22) through which the at least one tube (17, 18) outwardly and on the outside of the tube with the outer end of the pipe socket (21, 22) is connected in a pressure-tight manner that for repair or inspection of the system (16) of the pipe socket (21, 22) with the tube therein (17, 18) is cut at a first predetermined separation point (23), and that after repair or Checking the pipe socket (21, 22) by a cohesive connection with the performed pipe (17, 18) is closed again pressure-tight. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one tube (17, 18) on the outside of the tube with the outer end of the pipe socket (21, 22) by a weld (19, 20) is pressure-tight manner, and that after the Repair or inspection of the pipe socket (21, 22) by a weld (19) with the performed pipe (17, 18) is closed again pressure-tight. 6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the at least one tube (17, 18) at an outside of the first separation point (23) lying second separation point (23) is cut to form a gap (L) in the tube, that after the repair or inspection, first the cut-off tube (17, 18) coming from the container (10) is pushed to the outside through the pipe socket (21, 22) to close the gap (L) so that it rests against the second one Separation point (23) adjoins the outer part of the tube (17, 18), that then the two ends of the tube (17, 18) are interconnected, and that the pipe socket (21, 22) by a material connection with the performed tube (17, 18) is closed again pressure-tight. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the two ends of the tube (17, 18) by a weld (19) are interconnected. 8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the at least one tube (17, 18) with a in the container (10) arranged plant part (16) is connected, and that the tube (17, 18) together with the plant part (16) is moved. 9. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the at least one tube (17, 18) at a lying outside the first separation point (23) second separation point (23) and at a within the container (10) lying third separation point (23) with the formation of a gap (L) in the tube (17, 18) is cut, that after repair or inspection in the gap (L ') to close the gap (L') a corresponding piece of pipe (34 ) and at the second and third separation point (23, 23) with the ends of the tube (17, 18) is connected, and that the pipe socket (21, 22) by a material connection with the inserted pipe section (34) is sealed again pressure-tight. 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the pipe section (34) with the ends of the tube (17, 18) in each case by a weld (33, 33) is connected. 11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that on the container (10) an outwardly extending flange (26, 26) is arranged, which has a flange (27) which is closed by an attached cover (28) the flange connection (26, 26) is surrounded by a hood (29, 29) fastened to the flange connection (26, 26), which closes off the flange connection (26, 26) from the outside in a pressure-tight manner, that for repairing or checking the in the container (10) located plant (16) the hood (29, 29) at a separation point (32, 36) is cut, and that after completion of the repair or inspection, the hood (29, 29) again pressure-tight at the flange (26, 26) is attached. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the flange (27) is spaced from the container wall, that on the flange (27) to the container (10) extending towards neck (30) is mounted, that via the flange ( 26) and the nozzle (30) inverted hood (29) is materially connected to the free end of the nozzle (30), and that the junction separated by simultaneous cutting of the hood (29) and nozzle (30) at the separation point (32) becomes. 13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the flange (27) is spaced from the container wall, that between the flange (27) and the container wall is a flange parallel to the flange (27) extending flange (37) is mounted, that over the flange connection (26) inverted hood (29) is materially connected to the outer edge of the flange ring (37), and that the junction separated by simultaneous cutting of the hood (29) and flange (37) at the separation point (36) becomes. 14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the hood (29, 29) with the flange (26, 26) by a weld (31 or 35) is connected, and that after completion of the repair Verifying the hood (29, 29) again by a weld (31 or 35) pressure-tight on the flange (26, 26) is attached. 15. Container (10) with an accommodated therein, in particular refrigeration, system (16), for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the container is closed by cohesive connections of its parts gas or pressure-tight, 16. A container according to claim 15, characterized in that from the in the container (10) located plant (16) at least one tube (17, 18) is guided through the container wall to the outside, and that the container (10) for carrying out the at least a tube (17, 18) projecting outwardly from the container wall. Pipe socket (21, 22), through which the at least one tube (17, 18) outwardly guided and on the outside of the tube with the outer end of the pipe socket (21, 22) is pressure-tight manner. 17. A container according to claim 16, characterized in that the at least one tube (17, 18) on the outside of the tube with the outer end of the pipe socket (21, 22) by a weld (19, 20) is pressure-tight manner. 18. A container according to claim 15, characterized in that on the container (10) an outwardly extending flange (26, 26) is arranged, which has a flange (27) which is closed by an attached cover (28), and in that the flange connection (26, 26) is surrounded by a hood (29, 29) fastened to the flange connection (26, 26), which closes off the flange connection (26, 26) to the outside in a pressure-tight manner. 19. A container according to claim 18, characterized in that the flange (27) is spaced from the container wall, that on the flange (27) to the container (10) extending towards the neck (30) is mounted, and that via the flange (26) and the nozzle (30) inverted hood (29) is integrally connected to the free end of the nozzle (30). 20. A container according to claim 18, characterized in that the flange (27) is spaced from the container wall, that between the flange (27) and container wall, a parallel to the flange (27) extending towards flange ring (37) is mounted, and that the Hood (29) which is turned over the flange connection (26) is connected in a material-bonded manner to the outer edge of the flange ring (37). 21. Container according to one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that the hood (29, 29) with the flange connection (26, 26) by a weld (31 or 35) is connected.