CH703178A1 - Coating composition, in particular for ceilings and / or walls. - Google Patents

Abstract

A coating composition, in particular for ceilings and / or walls, has the following composition: 20 to 80 parts by volume of an inorganic, granular lightweight filler having a particle diameter of up to 5 mm and a bulk density of at most 1000 kg / m 3, 80 to 20 volume percent of an aqueous Phase, comprising: - 2 to 40 wt .-% Ca (OH) 2 - 0 to 40 wt .-% CaCO 3 finely divided, - 0 to 2 wt .-% dispersing aid, - 0.1 to 5.0 wt .-% thickener, and The remainder being water, with the proviso that the proportion by weight of Ca (OH) 2 + CaCO 3 is at least 6% by weight. A coating produced therefrom comprises a multiplicity of heat-conducting elements (12) arranged at a distance from one another, which extend from the wall or ceiling surface (2) to approximately the side (18) of the coating (16) facing away therefrom.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a coating composition with sound-absorbing and moisture-regulating properties and their processing technology and product cycle. The inorganic, non-combustible, light coating composition with sound-absorbing and moisture-regulating properties is suitable for producing seamless, smooth ceilings and walls and can be applied in a single application in a thickness of up to 70 mm. It is suitable for the production of sound-absorbing structures, such as plates. In combination with vertically integrated heat conductors, the coating compound is especially suitable for the coating of thermoactive ceilings / walls.

State of the art

Does the architecture of buildings the desire of seamless smooth ceilings or walls, inter alia, suspended ceilings and / or glued acoustic systems consisting of individual plates are used. The panels are mounted on a suspended support structure or directly on the concrete and joined together with grout, adhesive tapes, etc. After assembly of the panels, the surface is smoothed off with a coating compound.

Due to the different flow resistance of the joints and / or the different flow resistance of the materials used, an unwanted joint marking can take place over time.

The systems described in the prior art are partially constructed on fiber-containing products or need to achieve the listed sound absorption a fibrous plate. Mineral fibers may be legal resp. However, health reasons are not used in all indoor countries.

Furthermore, the mineral fiber-based absorption system always also contain formaldehyde, which should be avoided according to today's requirements.

The preservatives used in aqueous systems are sensitizing and can cause skin irritation among other things.

The products used in practice based on lightweight fillers and / or mineral fiber boards are not suitable for sound absorption in buildings with a thermoactive component cooling or heating due to their thermal insulation properties.

A system used in practice for the sound absorption of thermo-active components based on quartz gravel. The additional weight must be compensated by expensive measures such as thicker concrete slabs and or reinforced reinforcement.

The systems described in various publications are based on the absorption of different materials such as absorbent plates based on fiber, perforated or foam boards in combination with microporous coatings and must be separated and disposed of costly and energy-intensive during decommissioning.

Various mentioned in the literature materializations to achieve smooth ceilings based on marble, quartz granules can not be grind, and therefore, the areas created therefrom partially have insufficient flatness tolerance.

The creation of thin, smooth microporous layers based on marble, quartz granules requires a high mechanical pressure by the smooth tools. This has an effect on increased compaction of the surface and therefore leads to a reduction of the sound absorption.

The organic resins used in the prior art are combustible and have at least high water hazard class, so that based on products with high energy consumption must be burned. Furthermore, these often soft polymers promote adhesion by bonding e.g. Fine dust on the surface for rapid surface contamination, leading to an early, expensive renovation of these systems.

The formulations used according to various publications for sound-absorbing systems are not frost-resistant by the raw materials used and must be stored and / or transported in winter cost and energy intensive.

Cementary sound absorption systems have a limited processing time and started containers / bags must be disposed of.

The processing of dry mixtures, which should give a bright surface, requires clean water. However, this is not always available at the time of installation on the object.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the invention was to develop a sound-absorbing, moisture-regulating coating for walls, ceilings in the interior and exterior with the requirement profiles: Sound-absorbing smooth, bright surfaces; Fire rating at least A2; Layer thicknesses from 1 mm to 70 mm by single order Integration of pipes mounted on the raw floor, piping. Surface to grind plan so that gliding suitable ceilings can be created; Low basis weight of the system even when used for coating thermoactive components. When sanding the ceilings, the surface always stays white; Suitable for thermoactive ceilings, walls; Rational, fast, machine processability with long open time; Abandonment in building construction by e.g. the builder caused usual tolerance compensation for walls, ceilings by e.g. Basic plaster, suspended ceiling system; Selected raw materials, which take into account ecological requirements and have a good energy balance; Absolutely formaldehyde-free formulation of an acoustic system; Easy to clean by removing the dirty layer; Free of VOCs; Possibilities of creating very bright surfaces without the addition of additional white pigments such as titanium oxide, zinc white, zinc sulfide, etc. Possibility of use without the necessary mineral fiber plates mentioned in some systems for sound absorption; Abandonment of chemical preservatives; Product processing possible up to 5 ° C room temperature, surface temperature.

The above and other objects are achieved by the defined in claim 1 coating composition, by the use defined in claim 4 and by the defined in claim 5 coating.

The coating composition according to the invention, in particular for ceilings and / or walls, is characterized by the following composition: 20 to 80 parts by volume of an inorganic, granular light filler with a grain diameter of up to 5 mm and a bulk density of at most 1000 kg / m 3, 80 to 20 parts by volume of an aqueous phase comprising: 2 to 40% by weight of Ca (OH) 2 - 0 to 40 wt .-% CaCO3 finely divided, 0 to 2.0% by weight of dispersing assistant, 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of thickener, and the remainder being water, with the proviso that the proportion by weight of Ca (OH) 2+ CaCO 3 is at least 6% by weight.

It has been found that the initial ratio of Ca (OH) 2+ CaCO3 can be varied over a wide range, without substantially changing the novel properties. For example, can also be started without CaCO3, in which case a minimum content of 6 wt .-% of Ca (OH) 2 is used.

In general, the composition according to the invention contains 20 to 80 parts by volume of the inorganic, granular light filler, wherein usually 25 to 70 percent by volume and in particular 55 to 65 volume percentages are used.

The inventive coating composition is suitable for attaching a sound-absorbing and / or moisture-regulating coating on a wall or ceiling surface. Furthermore, the coating composition according to the invention is suitable for applying a sound-absorbing and / or moisture-regulating coating on a building, in particular on a plate. Furthermore, the coating composition according to the invention is suitable for producing a plate.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a mounted on a wall or ceiling surface seamless coating formed of an inorganic granular light filler with a grain diameter of up to 5 mm and a bulk density of at most 1000 kg / m <3>, in combination with an inorganic binder. The binder consists mainly of Ca (OH) 2 and CaCO3, the content of CaCO3 in the final product, i. after practically complete carbonation of the Ca (OH) 2 is about 15 to 80% by weight.

The coating composition of the invention comprises a solid part and a liquid phase, which are mixed together shortly before processing and can be processed by hand or by machine. However, it is also possible to prepare a ready-to-use finished mixture of all components or to produce finished sound-absorbing bodies from the coating composition.

The solid part is in this case from the voluminous, homogeneous lightweight filler such. Perlite, foam glass granules or foamed sand-lime granules with a diameter of up to 5 mm, which can be conveyed as desired by machine and can not segregate during storage or transport.

The solid part can be performed in BigBag and silo from the production plant directly and thus energy, environment and cost-saving on the site.

The liquid phase includes water, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate and the usual additives such as thickener, wetting agent and pigment distributor and has a shelf life of at least 3 months and is frost resistant.

The liquid phase is prepared as follows. The water is presented. With vigorous stirring, the additives are introduced and stirred until a stable mousse is obtained. Thereafter, the binders are added. Obtained is a stable highly viscous mixture, which is especially characterized by a density of less than 1.2 g / cm3.

The liquid phase is now mixed with the light filler, e.g. mixed with the expanded glass granules in commercial mixers in the ratio listed below and applied by hand and / or by machine to the surfaces to be coated and smoothed if desired, allowed to dry and, if desired, ground and / or coated with paint and / or with a microporous plaster. In order for the blanket to be smoothed, the compressive strength and / or sandability of the solid part must not be greater than the compressive strength and / or sandability of the cured binder.

Thus, during grinding, the surface color due to e.g. Whole grain fraction does not change, the white filler used must be homogeneous and can e.g. not merely coated with a bright product, which is removed during grinding and thereby releases a darker surface.

Advantages:

The formulation with two components, namely a homogeneous lightweight filler (powdery and giant-shaped) and an aqueous phase of the binder with the additives allows the rational machine processing with silo and commercial plastering machines.

The open porosity of the coating composition is achieved by evaporation of the water used in the formulation. Surfactants and / or a combination of highly swollen additives in the aqueous phase, such as acrylic-based superabsorbents, natural and chemically modified cellulose, starch, and sugar derivatives, can be used to control air entrainment.

After drying of the coating composition, the surface can be smoothly sanded with standard grinders to the Streiflichttauglichkeit.

In case of damage to the ceiling / walls these can be partially patched due to the selected materialization of the task, without having to coat the entire ceiling again.

The addition of organosilicon compounds, photocatalytically active substances and halogenated or compounds in particular the Anschmutzverhalten is improved.

With heavy pollution, the surface can be sanded with little effort and is white again.

Furthermore, the ecological, health claim of the coating composition is characterized by the absence of preservatives and / or volatile organic substances normally required in aqueous systems, such as solvents, plasticizers, etc., and the absence of organic binders and inorganic fibers.

With organic natural additives based on natural or chemically modified natural products (starch derivatives in particular corn and rice starch), the elongation at break and the cracking of the system has been improved.

With this coating mass produced sound-absorbing ceilings and or walls must not previously be primed to achieve the tolerances, which in turn results in costs and a time savings in construction.

Residues from decommissioning or opened containers can be recycled to 100%.

Residues from decommissioning or opened containers can be disposed of as concrete or do not need to be burned.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

Advantageously, the lightweight filler consists essentially of multicellular glass hollow spheres or of a expanded glass granulate. Corresponding products are commercially available, for example, under the name "Omega Bubbles" or "Poraver".

The sieve curve of the granular light filler is selected according to the field of application (e.g., acoustic properties) in a range of up to 5 mm.

Preferably, the granular lightweight filler has a particle diameter of 0.1 to 1.0 mm, in particular from 0.5 to 1.0 mm for comparatively thick coatings, while can be produced with a fine-grained lightweight filler and very thin, only about 1 - 7 mm thick coatings. As a result, it is not only possible to save material for certain applications, but also to realize a particularly compact arrangement.

In one embodiment of the seamless coating, this is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart thermally conductive elements which extend from the wall or ceiling surface to approximately the side facing away from the coating.

In particular, each thermally conductive element may have a sheet metal strip or an elongated profile filled with a latent heat accumulator, which is aligned substantially perpendicular to the wall or ceiling surface.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the seamless coating, each thermally conductive element at least one equipped with adjusting means fixing to adjust the position of the sheet metal strip against the wall or ceiling surface or the side facing away from the coating.

Brief description of the drawings

Embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the drawings, in which: <Tb> FIG. 1 <sep> a first embodiment of a coating applied to a ceiling surface, in a first vertical sectional view; <Tb> FIG. 2 shows the coating of FIG. 1, in a second vertical sectional view corresponding to the section II-II of FIG. 1; <Tb> FIG. 3 <sep> a second embodiment of a coating applied to a ceiling surface, in a first vertical sectional view; and <Tb> FIG. 4 shows the coating of FIG. 3, in a second vertical sectional view corresponding to the section IV-IV of FIG. 3.

Ways to carry out the invention

In the first embodiment of a ceiling coating shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a fixing element 4 with an L-shaped profile by means of screws 6 is attached to the underside 2 of a raw ceiling. The fixing element 4 is provided with vertically extending oval-hole slots 8, which serve to adjust the height of a by means of screws 10 or alternatively by means of rivets mounted thereon thermally conductive element 12. In the example shown, the heat-conducting element 12 is formed by a sheet metal strip, which has a bevelled edge 14 on its underside. In the figures, the already applied coating mass 16 is also shown, which just barely covers the edge 14 of each heat-conducting element 12 and thereby forms the finished ceiling underside 18. The fixing element 4 and the heat-conducting element 12 are formed from a good heat-conducting material, for example made of aluminum sheet. Due to the surface contact between the fixing element 4 and the heat-conducting element 12 screwed thereto, a good heat transfer is ensured.

On the existing ceiling soffit the fixing elements 4 are fixed in a distance / grid specified by the planning means of the mechanical attachment shown above or by gluing. The heat-conducting elements 12 are then attached to the fixing elements 4. The possibility of compensating for tolerances in the construction is achieved by a height adjustability of the fixing elements and / or the heat-conducting elements. In the example shown, the height adjustment is facilitated by the beveled edge 14.

In principle, the heat-conducting elements in the horizontal plane can be connected to each other in both directions.

Finally, the interstices are filled with the coating composition. With a e.g. On the heat-conducting elements led leveling the excess coating material is peeled off, smoothing the ceiling and the surface further processed as desired.

In the second embodiment shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the ceiling coating is constructed analogous to that of Figs. 1 and 2, and accordingly, the matching components are provided with the same reference numerals as in Figs. 1 and 2. Significant difference from the first Embodiment is in the second embodiment, that the fixing element 4a has a wider vertical web, which accommodates a clamping device 20 for fixing a thermally conductive element 12a. The latter is designed as a closed hollow longitudinal profile with an interior, which is filled with a latent heat storage 22, for example, a commercial paraffin wax. A rounded longitudinal edge 24 allows the heat-conducting element 12a to be inserted well into the clamping device 20.

In general, functioning mixtures can be formulated in the range listed below.

Decisive for the product properties is always the composition by volume based on the inorganic light filler. Any information in percent by weight refers to a grain density of the light filler of 0.48 to 0.58 g / cm3 and a bulk density of 260 to 330 g / l. In the case of deviations in the grain density of this value, the composition also shifts in percent by weight.

Inorganic lightweight filler: 20 to 80% by volume

[0056] e.g. Glass bubbles, Omega Bubbles 0.5 to 1.0 mm, or expanded glass granules, Poraver 0.5 to 1.0 mm <tb> Aqueous phase: <sep> rest <tb> - <sec> Ca (OH) 2 <sep> 2-40% by weight <tb> - <sep> CaCO3 finely divided max. 100 μm <sec> 0-40% by weight <tb> - <sep> Dispersing Aid, <sep> 0-2.0% by weight <tb> - <sep> Thickener, e.g. Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), xanthan, methylcellulose <sep> 0.1-5.0% by weight <tb> _ <sep> balance water <sep> 20-50 wt%

Since the water does not undergo a chemical reaction with the other constituents, it serves as a means of transport and air entrainment. Thus, with the water content and a suitable surfactant such as dispersants and or surfactants directly the air pore size and thus the sound absorption of the different frequencies can be controlled and adapted to the different acoustic requirements.

It can be assumed that the comparatively high pH of about 12.5 caused by Ca (OH) 2 promotes the surface activity of the thickener and thereby enables optimum foaming with simultaneous thickening of the aqueous system.

In order to achieve optimum processing properties, combinations of various commercially available organic, as well as inorganic thickeners, e.g. Bentonite or silica are used.

The ratio Ca (OH) 2 to CaCO3 is variable. After carbonation of Ca (OH) 2, the CaCO3 content is between 15 and 80% of the dried formulation.

Due to the different particle size of the CaCO3 used and the Ca (OH) 2, the pore sizes can be influenced and their acoustic effect can be controlled.

Substances which are known from the prior art and can be added, but are not absolutely necessary for the invention, but can in part improve the product properties: Inorganic thickeners e.g. Bentonite (0.1 - 2%) can be used in part instead of the organic and thus combustible thickener. Na salt of a polyacrylic acid (0.1 - 2%) for the supportive formation of the air pores, which is mainly provided by the aqueous mousse of methyl cellulose and the dispersing aid. Polysilanes - Siloxanes (0.1 - 2%) improve the soiling behavior, and allow the surface to be cleaned with water extraction. Fibers e.g. Cellulose fiber (0.1 - 2%) improves the homogeneous drying, results in a faster carbonation, can contribute to pore formation and reduce cracking. Substances such as soda, CaCl2, cationic silicon surfactants, TiO2, soda (0.1-2%), promote the carbonation of the coating composition and or absorb some bad odors in the room.

Examples of formulations.

The data relate to the formulation as it is applied to the building and are given as weight percentages: <tb> Glass Bubbles, Omega Bubbles 0.5 - 1.0 mm <sep> 42% <tb> Aqueous phase formed by: <sep> <tb> - Ca (OH) 2 <sep> 5% <tb> - CaCO3 finely divided max. 100 um <sep> 13% <tb> - Pigment Distributor <sep> 0.2% <tb> - methyl cellulose <sep> 1% <tb> - Water <sep> 38.8% <tb> Glass Bubbles, Omega Bubbles 0.0 - 0.5 mm <sep> 38% <tb> Aqueous phase formed by: <sep> <tb> - Ca (OH) 2 <sep> 10% <tb> - CaCO3 finely divided max. 100 um <sep> 15% <tb> - Pigment Distributor <sep> 0.2% <tb> - methyl cellulose <sep> 1% <tb> - Water <sep> 35.8%

Claims (10)

1. Coating composition, in particular for ceilings and / or walls, characterized by the following composition: 20 to 80 parts by volume of an inorganic, granular light filler having a grain diameter of up to 5 mm and a bulk density of at most 1000 kg / m 3, 80 to 20 parts by volume of an aqueous phase comprising: 2 to 40% by weight of Ca (OH) 2 - 0 to 40 wt .-% CaCO3 finely divided, From 0 to 2% by weight of dispersing assistant, 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of thickener, and the rest of the water, with the proviso that the proportion by weight of Ca (OH) 2+ CaCO3 is at least 6% by weight. 2. Coating composition according to claim 1, wherein the lightweight filler consists essentially of multicellular glass hollow spheres or of a expanded glass granulate. 3. Coating composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lightweight filler has a particle diameter of 0.1 to 1.0 mm, in particular from 0.5 to 1.0 mm. 4. Use of the coating composition according to one of claims 1 to 3 for attaching a sound-absorbing and / or moisture-regulating coating on a wall or ceiling surface or on a structure, in particular a plate, or for the production of a plate. 5. Jointless coating (16) applied to a wall or ceiling surface, formed from an inorganic granular lightweight filler with a grain diameter of up to 5 mm and a bulk density of not more than 1000 kg / m 3, in combination with an inorganic binder, wherein the binder mainly consists of Ca (OH) 2 and CaCO3 and wherein the content of CaCO3 of the final product is about 15 to 80 wt .-%. 6. Jointless coating according to claim 5, wherein the lightweight filler consists essentially of multicellular glass hollow spheres or of a expanded glass granules having a particle diameter of preferably 0.1 to 1.0 mm, in particular 0.5 to 1.0 mm. 7. jointless coating according to claim 5 or 6, comprising a plurality of spaced-apart thermally conductive elements (12; 12a) which extend from the wall or ceiling surface (2) to approximately the opposite side (18) of the coating ( 16). 8. jointless coating according to claim 7, wherein each heat-conducting element (12) has a sheet metal strip, which is aligned substantially perpendicular to the wall or ceiling surface. 9. jointless coating according to claim 7, wherein each heat-conducting element (12 a) having a latent heat accumulator (22) filled elongated profile which is oriented substantially perpendicular to the wall or ceiling surface. 10. Jointless coating according to claim 8 or 9, wherein each thermally conductive element (12; 12a) has at least one fixing element (4; 4a) provided with adjusting means (8, 10; 20) for determining the position of the sheet metal strip (12) or the elongated profile (12a) opposite the wall or ceiling surface (2) or the side facing away from it (18) of the coating (16).