CH687594A5 - Surface smoother for plastic coating with resin, hardener, filler-packing. - Google Patents

Description

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description

Process for surface smoothing for a plastic coating on a workpiece with resin, hardener and / or filler according to patent claims 1 to 6 of this patent application.

The smoothing process according to the above method inevitably includes a surface structuring process, since the surface of the surface smoothener used has a structuring effect on the surface of the coated workpiece in accordance with the process sequence. For example, grooves in the coating of the workpiece in accordance with DIN ISO 1302 can occur as deliberate grooves with the desired groove direction. Furthermore, according to the invention, a tolerance of the position of the surfaces on the workpiece and the dimensional tolerance of their distance from one another can be regulated / maintained with (machine) use.

The details of the method for surface smoothing for a plastic coating on a workpiece with resin, hardener and / or filler, filler being fed from a container to a pressing body to build up a separating layer between the pressing body and the not yet solid coating in the individual process step: A separating agent between the surface smoothener and the workpiece to be coated is fed to the smoothing process in a novel manner to produce a separating layer between the surface smoothener and the coated workpiece and introduced into the coating by the latter. This release agent is at the same time a filler for the premixes used for coating the workpiece, consisting of resin / filler and hardener / filler as well as paint.

This filler is present in a predetermined proportion in the single / multi-component plastic intended for coating and in the substrate (s), preferably in a predetermined proportion, and is incorporated into the workpiece by incorporating filler during the smoothing process (structuring and / or calibration process) applied coating incorporated in the same and thus brings their share of the total coating material to the prescribed proportion of the same. This is done with the hobby and craftsmanlike application of this method and the coating materials used in that the surface smoothers specified for a specific coating material - in terms of material, shape and diameter of the surface smoothers, which cannot be continuously adjusted in torque (Fig. 7, Fig. 9, Fig. 12) - and packs with premixes of the coating materials and with dosing devices, such as measuring sleeves (Fig. 9, parts (99), (99 '), (97') and (96 ')) are recommended and with torque-adjustable surface sheets, with a certain material pairing certain charging potential and torque, certain type of filler and application amount and temperature of the filler, overall process-specific, a coating shape has been achieved, with coating applied to the workpiece surface first with conventional methods, and this after weighing the same, mixed according to the process specification from resin / hardener / For Material if the specified temperature / s for the workpiece / s, plastic coating, release agents, conveying devices, pressing body is / are observed. Other parameters are: material of the coating and the workpiece to be coated, coating speed, cooling rate of the workpiece and coating material at a given air humidity and air temperature.

However, this can only be complied with in industrial production when using the surface smoothers according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6 (Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6), since no hobbyist or craftsman does this individually Coating can vary, but the process is machined according to a, albeit controllable, programmed course.

State of the art:

Liquid or partially liquid plastic, natural material, modified natural material, substrate is currently applied by spraying, filling, dipping, ionizing, pouring, calendering, rolling and brushing, but afterwards the layer thickness is only increased by the drying / curing process (without material-reducing or material-displacing processing ) influenced.

Material-removing processing - for example by grinding - or a material-displacing calibration - for example by reheating the applied plastic layer (can only be carried out with thermoplastic materials) - is expensive and so restrictive in the selection of the coating material that such a method is often not used can.

The method according to the invention allows smoothing and calibrating and / or structuring the coating and calibrating the workpiece using a simple, labor-saving and energy-saving method while simultaneously using a wide variety of workpiece and coating materials with a small tolerance range when calibrating the coating thickness / workpiece thickness, respectively Surface structure of the coating, in contrast to the previously known methods, too. Coating material is also filled in with this method and not displaced as in the known methods, which gives workpiece tensions.

Presentation of the invention:

According to the claims of this patent application with the numbers 1 to 6 and the explanations in the description and the associated drawings, sheet numbers 1/10 to 10/10, this invention relates to smoothing and at the same time calibration. This method is intended for the application of plastics and natural materials to workpiece surfaces, a separating layer made from the filler of the type used in the plastic layer

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which prevents the plastics applied by conventional methods from adhering to the smoothing bodies.

According to the invention, in this method of surface smoothing, novel surface smoothers developed for this purpose are used, such as tools that can be used as hand-smoothing devices according to FIGS. 1, 6, 7 and 9, which “attract” the filler used in dust form due to their material and / or additional devices for electrical charging and thus build up a separating layer with respect to the not yet rigid plastic, which allows the smoothing movements to be performed by rolling, reciprocating, oscillating, intermittent, continuous, up and down, oscillating movements (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 7 , Fig. 9, Fig. 6) by hand or by handling devices Fig. 6 or by controls in machines (Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5) a (in layer thickness and geometric nature) made of plastic / natural material / s, substrate / s with narrow tolerance limits, calibrated coating on uncoated / coated workpieces made of metal / s, plastic / s, and natural material / s or modified / em natural material / s, ceramics and / or substrate / substrates.

According to the invention, such a surface smoother for plastic coating - also with resin / hardener / filler pack according to FIGS. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 and 14 - for applying a plastic layer or plastic / filler layer on material surfaces such as e.g. those of un- / coated metal and plastic parts, characterized in that the resin-hardener-filler package according to FIGS. 8, 10, 11 already contains the amount of resin (82) and hardener (82 ') packaged in the correct ratio which are still to be mixed with an appropriate amount of filler (18).

The filler in, for example, the spectral colors in the resin / filler, hardener, hardener / filler, topcoat pack is for the plastic / plastic mixture to be applied to the workpiece, preferably in the case of the mixed components - that is, preferably the resin / filler - Substance, hardener / filler fraction - the filler is premixed in the correct ratio with the resin and / or the hardener before the resin and hardener are brought together and the chemical reaction of hardening thereby begins, contained in the correct ratio, if preferably equally large proportions which are mixed together in the package according to one or more of claims 1, 7 and 8 (Fig. 8, 10, 11 and 14).

In order to make it easier for the user to portion the components, the packings have measuring sleeves (99) with one, the shaft (96) of the surface smoothing device according to claim 1, (Fig. 7, Fig. 9, Fig. 12, Fig. 13 and Fig. 14) adapted, hollow and provided with radial grooves inner part, which can be gradually shifted on the shaft of the smoothing and with their grooves in the annular beads / in the preferably annular bead / beads (97 '/ 97) of the smoothing snap in elastic, attached.

The shaft of the smoother serves as an ejector for those with the measuring sleeve after punching on the

Housing (86) welded-on transparent plastic film (87) with the shoulder (76) of the smooth shaft (96), the displacement of the measuring sleeve on the shaft into the desired position, which depends on the quantity to be removed, and the material being taken up by one or more times Piercing / parting the material content of the corresponding packing chamber and thereby storing the material in the interior of the sleeve, which is variably delimited on one side by the smoothing shaft / smoothing shaft attachment (96/76) in the cavity. Such a metering device is inexpensive and can even be used repeatedly after taking the previously metered components into account after the shaft has been cleaned.

Overall, such a portioning device for plastic components is new and easy and economical to use. A further embodiment of the metering device consists of one or more metering sleeves which are fitted / screwed onto the shaft / the shaft parts and which are bevelled and / or serrated and slotted on one or both end faces (FIG. 9, parts (97 ')) , (99 ')). One or more of the dosing sleeves can be screwed onto the shaft, which consists of several parts, and can be actuated individually or in succession by screwing movements. The shaft / shaft parts serve as an ejector for the component (s) contained in the dosing sleeve (s), the mixture (s) present in the pack, which are now ejected / pushed out of the measuring sleeve (s) by preferably screwing movements . If necessary, the powdery filler can also be dosed with it. In order to avoid confusion in the affiliation of material components in / from the pack and the corresponding measuring sleeve (s) previously used for this, the measuring sleeves and also the corresponding shaft parts used as holders and ejectors are in different codes / color codes, corresponding to the coding / color coding the embossing / imprint on the welded-on or on the transparent film / lid of the pack to be put back on after use of the pack.

The cleaned smoother pressure body with shaft part (s) and attached / screwed measuring sleeve (s) is attached / stored in a holder on the pack, which is attached to the housing (86), the welded-on transparent plastic film (87) and the attached lid (88), preferably attached to the cover (88), has the shape of a four- or two-jaw clamp, the jaws of which are formed as hollow, elastic bumps on the surface of the plastic film / ies, in the corresponding sections of the smoothing device, preferably with a slight excess be held in a positive / positive manner.

In another pack version (FIG. 14), the straightener can simply be added to the other utensils such as protective gloves, cloth for cleaning and for static charging of the surface straightener (s) (Fig. 1, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 9), instructions for use and packaging / s

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for resin / hardener / filler ... (Fig. 8, Fig. 10, Fig. 11) and the transparent pack with the housing - to match the bottom of the pack - be closed.

In new packages that have not yet been opened, the surface smoothing device (s) is / are preferably stored in the same way.

In the case of the surface sheeting, which is preferably used for surface coatings to be produced by hand and industry, appropriately large containers, which are preferably premixed components, preferably metered by weighing - are preferably installed in the apparatus / machine in which the device for surface smoothing / surface structuring and coating calibration / workpiece calibration is installed.

The release agent is fed to the pressing bodies and the coated, but still not smoothed, not surface-structured and / or calibrated workpiece / workpieces (1), in the case of surface smoothing as the method, is carried out according to claims 1 to 6 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) from packages / containers (16, (16 '), by the gravitational force, screw conveyor, compressed air / liquid flow, supported by the attraction of the electrostatic fields and mechanically generated vibrations and not, as in the case of the surface sheets according to FIGS. 7, 9 and 12, by tightening the separating agent (filler) through the pressure bodies, which are preferably electrostatically charged by rubbing, and shafts from the packing (s) according to FIG. 8, FIG 10, 11 or any other shaped container made of other materials that are suitable for this purpose.

Description of the drawings:

Show it:

1, 2 3, 4, 5, 6: workpiece (1) to be coated according to the invention with the aid of the surface smoothing developed with the integrated container (s), which is novel for the surface smoothing process,

7, 8, 9: surface smoothers developed for the process and the associated packing (FIG. 8),

12: Procedure when using the surface smoothing according to the invention with the aid of a smoothing device according to FIGS. 9 and 14,

10, 11: packs developed according to the invention for the method,

Fig. 13: the package with the lid attached after use of the package and sealing with the detail of the sealing elements on the lid according to the method.

Fig. 14: Transparent pack with utensils for the procedure.

The drawings are partly in agreement with the drawings of the published utility model G 89 15 381.2-announcement: 30.08.90

Utility model G 89 15 380.4 announcement: 30.08.90

Utility model G 89 13 795.7-notice: 22.11.90

and the application for a patent dated November 23, 1989, P 39 38 811.5.

There is also a partial agreement with the additional application for P 39 38 811.5:

to fia. 1 and 2

Surface smoothing (method, Fig. 12) when using roller-shaped pressing bodies (11, 11 '), integrated packings / containers (18/16/16') and the metering device (12) which rotates around the part (14) and has through holes which are more or less open and have a striking device (13). The setting unit (19) is infinitely variable and has one or more spring-loaded toothed ring (s) and one / more head screws. The bracket (15) is made of elastic material.

The toothed shoulder on the pressing body (11), (11 ') sits centrally together with the toothed ring (s) of the torque setting unit (19) on the common axis. Another embodiment (Fig. 2) has a heating and charging element (for static charging) (29) with supply line (22) in the handle (16 ') for the filler (18) and the filler line (5') for compressed air or other funding (other usable gases and liquids). The guide plate (15 ') for the filler is attached to the bracket (15). According to claim 1, the filler (18) prevents the coating material from sticking to the pressure body (11, 11 ') as a release agent and is kept loose by the striking device (13) so that it does not cake.

The rolling resistance of the pressure body (11, 11 ') is infinitely adaptable to the process requirements of surface smoothing (Fig. 12) through the setting (19), and furthermore the inflow of the release agent is achieved by rotating the part (12), which is also the adjusting wheel and distribution plate for the separating agent (18) falling on it is infinitely adjustable.

3. Fig. 4 and Fig. 5

Surface smoothing as a method, in particular according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that one / more support roller (s) (3), (3/9), further pressing body (10/11), (53), (10) and also pressing body on the opposite side (3), also horizontally or at any angle to the vertical, is / are required in this process. This makes it possible for a plastic layer applied to one or more workpiece (s) (1, 1 ') to be smoothed, structured and or calibrated in the semi-liquid / partially liquid state. The pressing body (3), (3/9), (53), (10/11), (10) is / are preferably cylindrical or disc-shaped (FIG. 5) or plane-parallel. A play-free mounting of the pressure bodies (3 and 3/9) in the receiving device / machine frame allows the coating to be calibrated within a narrow tolerance range.

With surface smoothing as a procedure,

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is due to the little elastically deformable pressing body and the electronically measured deformation and the automatic, continuous adjustment of the effective gap between the pressing bodies and the consideration of the deviation of the workpiece thickness from a target dimension, the application, calibration, structuring / smoothing of a substrate layer, from substrate layers to For example, plastic / ceramic workpieces are possible with a very small thickness deviation and surface roughness of the substrate layer, as is necessary, for example, in semiconductor production.

This is also made possible by the fact that the applied substrate does not have to be deformed for calibration, but instead the layer thickness of the substrate is preferably done by incorporating the species-specific substance into the same. Machining does not apply to the described method.

According to the invention, an applied and not yet firm layer, which preferably consists of plastic - single / multi-component plastic in the manner of a thermoset / thermoplastic or elastoplastic - with the aid of a filler (7/7 ') which adheres to it prevents the pressing body (3, 3/9, 11) from the pressing body / body roller / s, flat and or profiled, preferably vibrating body of various geometric shapes with the most varied surface structures (preferably heated, statically charged, motorized) driven and electronically determined) (3), (3/9), (11), (10), (61) smoothed and / or structured and / or calibrated by in one or more passes of the workpiece (s) between the smoothing and supporting rollers, or between the pressing body (s) and or a supporting device such as rollers (3/9), conveyor belt (s) (11) and the supporting roller (s) (9). The further developed process step surface smoothing: In the case of a structure to be applied onto / into the still liquid / partially liquid coating layer of the workpiece / the workpieces which has already been applied by conventional methods, the deeper / the lower part / s of the convex / concave surface shape of the coating is / are preferably molded first with the help of profiled pressing body, which is driven by a motor or is / are moved by the frictional force / friction forces between workpiece / workpieces and pressing body / s and after filling up the depression / s in the surface coating layer / s with filler to prevent the smoothing agent from sticking / s when repeating / repeating the surface coating (s) of the workpiece / workpieces repeatedly and at the same time supporting the already formed structures in the coating / the coatings by the filler, which is in the recess (s) of the coating / s remains until the other parts of the coating / s are structured and / or smoothed. This results in precisely running contours / edges of the structure (s) of the surface coating of the workpiece / workpieces, since the contours / structures generated by the first shaping pressing body (s) cannot be pressed together and / or collapse by the further / the further process steps.

After the smoothing and / or structuring and / or calibration process has ended, the supporting filler is removed or preferably poured off by preferably suctioning and / or blowing off. What remains is a very precise contour in the coated workpiece surface that could not previously be produced in liquid / partially liquid coating material, preferably in flow production.

This method enables the economical production of such workpieces, which must have a contour and / or surface flatness with a small permissible deviation in shape and surface roughness, as required when applying substrate to, for example, workpieces made of ceramic or plastics in semiconductor production.

3 and 4, the filler (7), (7 ') is stored in the containers (16), (16') and is continuously controlled by motor-controlled screw conveyors as a metering device (4) depending on the other control sizes during coating fed. The filler is supplied from a compressed air stream from the lines (5), (8 ') and (8 ") to the heating and / or charging unit (s) (8, 22/29) after the filler, also various A filler that has been statically charged and / or has been heated with it, because of this it remains or becomes flowable A suction line (s) (6) suck superfluous filler from the workpiece surface and possibly from the transport device for the workpiece (s) from the pressing bodies (3), (3/9), (11) by a negative / positive overpressure between the hood (15 ') and the pressing body (s) (3), (3/9), (11) The strength of the charge of the filler and pressure element (s), one or more mechanically and / or pneumatically and / or electrostatically acting scrapers / s (10 ') which are infinitely variable in the distance fed / regulated via the line / s (52), allows the Compliance with a specified within narrow limits filler layer (s) towards the rotating (3.3 / 9) and / or oscillating and / or staggering pressure element (s) (53), (29 '). In order to avoid caking of the filler (7), (7 ') when it is returned to the containers (16), (16'), compressed air is supplied to the containers and the containers are set in vibration.

A preferably rough dosing of the filler applied to the pressing bodies takes place via the containers (16) which are adjustable in their position relative to the pressing bodies, so that at a greater distance the dosing unit (s) (4) from the one unit with the heating and charging unit (s) / s (for static charging) (8, 22/29) and the suction hood (s) (15 ') and the attached connections for the return lines (6) to the container (s) (16), (16' ) more filler strikes the pressure roller (s) (3), (3/9) or the conveyor belt (10/11), which also acts as a pressure body.

In a further process step the

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Surface smoothing according to claims 1 to 6, the conveyor belt (10) preferably has the task, in addition to the transport of the workpieces (1 '), via the transport roller (s) (9) driving them and their connection (52) the workpieces (1 ') to be statically charged and / or heated.

The coating of the workpieces (1 ') or the coating of a preferably continuous workpiece (1) takes place according to conventional methods, preferably by rolling up the plastic / e, substrate / e, natural material, ceramic, modified natural material coating layer with the / the Units (2), (12 ").

In the course of the process, the smoothing and / or structuring and / or calibration process (s) follow / follow in the surface smoothing, in which a stripping process for applied filler takes place with the aid of the device (52/10 '), preferably in two or More process steps smoothing / calibration of, for example, substrate layer / s is interposed, if necessary a heating process with the device (s) (12), in order, for example, to rapidly harden the applied and smoothed and / or structured and / or calibrated workpiece coating to get.

In the case of metal parts or ceramic parts to be coated, made of ferromagnetic or magnetic materials, the / the workpieces / the workpiece (1 ') (according to FIG. 5) are on the conveyor belt (10), which consists of magnetizable links, Via the connection (s) (52), (8) preferably remanently magnetized and / or statically charged and / or heated.

In all cases of coating with the sheets according to FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6, resin / hardener / filler packs are kept ready and preferably premixed material made of resin / filler, hardener / filler and a filler matched to it Use as a release agent in, for example, two- / multi-component coating material to ensure the correct mixing ratio, which would usually not be maintained with the available metering devices such as scales, hollow mass, etc. in a handicraft / induction operation.

The same applies to already prepared coating material (s) for one-component coating materials and the filler mixed with it and the matching filler, which serves as a release agent in the process (s) described. Likewise, the provision of coating materials and release agents in related packs preferably applies when processing substrate (s).

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According to the invention, a paroboloid-shaped pressing body (61), running around the longitudinal axis of the handle, is driven by friction between it and the workpiece (1) or motorized by an electric motor (16 '/ 29') or compressed air arranged above it according to claims 1 to 6 of the surface smoothing - / Hydraulic motor or magnet driven with a charge element for static charging and / or provided with a heating element (29) which is / are fed via the line (22). For larger release agent requirements than can be covered from the container in the handle, a filler feed line is provided, preferably for filler mixed with compressed air, but liquid can also be used as a transport medium for the release agent.

The filler line (5 ') on the cover (17), with which the filler container with the filler (18) is closed, can also serve as a supply line for a pneumatic / hydraulic motor.

Part (62) serves as a guide sleeve for the infinitely adjustable metering of the filler through the cone on part (62). The "solid-baked" filler is released via the spring-loaded ball lock to adjust the rolling resistance of the pressure body (61). The part (62 ') enables the screwable tapered sleeve (62) to be fixed. The resilient ball lock (63) can be adjusted via a wedge drive (3 '), so that the ball / s more or less forcefully from the spring / s preloaded with the wedge drive into the axially extending grooves on the inside of the cone sleeve (62 ) is / are pressed, thus enabling a corresponding counter torque to the frictional torque generated between the pressing body and the workpiece. This stepless torque setting is necessary to adapt the process to the consistency of the coating material in these blades, which are preferably to be guided by hand, in order to achieve an optimal surface on the workpiece (1) to be machined.

However, the straightener is also used for handling devices (27) for the method / the process sequence.

Fig. 9, Fig. 7 yn <j Fig. 12

FIG. 9 shows the new hand-held smoothener designed according to the requirements of the process sequences for surface smoothing according to the invention. On the shaft (96) provided with beads (97), (97 ') or in a further embodiment with the preferably round thread (96), the preferably paraboloidal pressing body (91) rotatable thereon with the preferably largest diameter of less than one inch ( 25.4 millimeters) so that when the cone coupling is uncoupled, less torque has to be used to turn it (91) than is required when the cone coupling is coupled. These two different torques are required for the process. When charging by rolling off the pressing body, the greater torque is advantageously achieved by moving the pressing body on the shaft and adjusting by snapping the beads of its inner contour (92) into the grooves (94) of the shaft. With greater torque, a greater frictional force on the circumference of the pressing body is necessary. As a result, an electrostatic charge is achieved more quickly, which is used to “attract” the dust-

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shaped filler when smoothing and / or structuring a repair work, for example shown in FIG. 12, is required on a coated sheet metal part (1).

This illustration also shows the coating process that is advantageous compared to previous processes.

Covering the remaining material surface, as previously required, for example, in the case of paint spraying, is also saved using the novel method described, which leads to considerable savings in working time and covering material / coating material.

The pressing body (91 ') can be exchanged with the pressing body (91) on the same shaft.

On the shaft (96) for metering the premixed components of the coating material, the measuring sleeve (s) (99) is placed, which of the beads (97), (97 ') in the desired position on the shaft when the components are picked up from the corresponding packing chambers is / will be held.

The measuring sleeves (99 ') are serrated to better break through the welded-on film on the packing chamber and are screwed onto the round thread of the shaft (96') and / or an intermediate piece (97 ').

In Fig. 7 further designs of pressing bodies for hand smoothers are shown, which can be used on a neck piece on a slip clutch. This slipping clutch is continuously adjusted in its triggering torque by appropriately tightening the knurled union nut (72), which more or less presses conical parts at the end of the shaft, in order to meet the requirements of the process sequence. The parts (71), (71 ') and (71 ") are pressing bodies according to claim 1 and claim 5. The shaft (76) has a tapered end and a bead (97) for locking the measuring sleeve on the shaft.

To Fig. 8 and to Fig. 10th

Fig. 8 shows a package for resin / filler / hardener, in which, according to the process new, the lid (88), on a not yet opened package - with the transparent plastic film (87) welded onto the housing (86), which together with the likewise preferably transparent webs of the preferably transparent housing (86) which forms chambers (18), (82) and (82 '). These chambers are sealed against the outside and against each other. A plastic layer applied to the packaging material, which facilitates the coding of the chambers with symbols / color markings and the welding of the housing and cover, or makes it possible in the first place, preferably contributes to this.

The cover (88) supports the film (87) with a coating corresponding to the shape of the chambers, which has the task of sealing open chambers and begins to act as soon as a protective layer of the solvents contained in the packaging components has been applied thereon in place of the Puncture of the welded-on film (87) is dissolved. This sealing process takes place automatically after the cover has been put on and lightly pressed onto the film (87).

The package according to FIG. 10 and claim 1 differs from that according to FIG. 8 in that the chamber (182) contains a premix of resin and filler to save time for surface smoothing (FIG. 12).

To Fig. 11

According to the invention, according to claims 1 to 6 of the process resin / filler, filler / hardener, filler, topcoat pack (FIG. 11) is used, so that according to the invention the filler acts as a release agent, specific to the premixing of resin / filler and the further coating component hardener / Filler - also pre-mixed - is stored in a separate chamber / s, just like the top coat contained in the pack, and the resin and filler portions are pre-mixed in various finely graded shades (182), so that they can undergo an aging process - classified in, for example Two-year interval (years 81, 83; 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 95, 97, 99) - correspond to which a component coated with the same material is subject to light and corrosion, characterized in that that with the help of the annual imprint on the resin / filler portions and the year of manufacture of the component, the correct resin / filler portion (182) quickly according to the aging process r Coating on the component can be determined as a process step in the surface smoothing process. The outlined year represents the manufacturing period of the resin / filler; Filler, hardener, lacquer mass - pack according to Fig. 11, the portion (s) of the coating material (resin / filler; resin, hardener, filler, lacquer mass, top coat) can be geometrically regular or irregular, transparent / «semitransparent», opaque or the container (s) made of synthetic, natural or modified synthetic or natural materials, or mixtures of the same or composed container (s) be packaged that are or are geometrically regularly or irregularly assigned to other / other containers / nis and are stored in this position firmly, removable and re-attachable or loosely arranged or unordered.

The chambers according to claim 1 are assigned letter / number combinations and other characters according to FIGS. 8, 10 and 11, characterized in that they are attached above the chambers or are also provided with reference numerals and / or lines which indicate the chambers.

In the surface smoothing according to the invention according to claims 1 to 6, packs are used in accordance with the method, here - new - the beam path of the light is applied to the inner pack according to FIGS. 8, 10 and 11

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directed that with the resin / filler mixture in portions and with the topcoat, a continuous adjustment in the change in the color tone - similar to the change in a component / parts coated with the same / similar material and subject to the light and / or a corrosion process The optical lens system (s) can consist of the same plastic as the packaging container, or be attached to it as part / parts thereof or as a separate / separate part / parts or be attached to it loosely or firmly and the Individual lenses can be geometrically ordered or disordered in all three spatial axes, two spatial axes or one spatial axis, all known and effective shapes and arrangements for optical lenses / lens systems being able to be used. The other part (s) of the packaging can be transparent, «semi-transparent» or opaque or can change its transparency automatically when the light falls on it.

Fig. 14 shows an inexpensive solution, the double-sided convex lenses being produced by injection-molding the packing lid from polystyrene, acrylic glass ... A concave shaping of the individual lenses is also possible, whereby a particularly inexpensive solution is achieved by “blowing” or “vacuum deep drawing” from flat plastic plates.

The welding or gluing of such a container with lenses / lens systems is also possible, for the time being still too expensive for manufacturing reasons.

Overall, however, even such a solution would still be justifiable, since the various coating components are combined in just one package.

But this also means a very significant reduction in waste.

Such a possibility of the automatic aging of the coating material and topcoat in accordance with the old coating of the component (s) is significantly supported by an optical lens system in the transparent pack (FIG. 14), is novel and brings the desired success with little effort and also serves together with the other parts of the transparent pack as a container for the other utensils such as straighteners (Fig. 9). Cloth for electrostatically charging the smoother, protective gloves made of thin material, a mixing plate made of plastic and instructions for use, which guide the user in the selection of the correct year on the resin / filler, resin, hardener, filler, lacquer, topcoat pack according to Fig. 11 supported.

14 can have any other geometrical shape deviating from the basic shape of the cuboid, the surfaces being curved, flat or concave, convex or concave-convex or as a paraboloid with the lens (s) thereon / lens systems, lens systems can be executed.

Industrial applicability:

So far, this method has mainly been used in the manufacture of molds for plastics processing. As a result, the manufacturing costs of such a tool could be reduced by a power of ten.

Attempts to coat polystyrene models with two-component thermosetting plastics have also been successfully carried out.

Attempts are currently being made to coat very sensitive layers, as is customary in car body repairs, for example.

Experiments are also carried out in the field of construction technology, in which it is important to close cracks in building structures.

Attempts to apply and smooth the substrate with very little surface roughness are in the planning stage.

Claims (6)

Claims 1. Method for surface smoothing for a plastic coating on a workpiece with resin, hardener and / or filler, filler (18, 7 and 7 ') from a container (4, 16, 16') a pressing body / pressing bodies (3 / 9, 91, 71, 71 ', 9, 10, 10/11, 11, 11', 3, 53/3, 91 ', 71 "and 61) to build up a separating layer between the pressure body and the not yet solid coating ( 182), is supplied; the not yet solid coating (182) on the workpiece (1, 1 ') is smoothed or structured by incorporating filler, which also acts as a release agent (18), and alone or together with the workpiece (1 , 1 ") is calibrated; for electronic charging in addition to a torque regulator, static charging of the pressure body, release agent (18, 7, 7 ', 82, 82'), coating (182) and workpiece (1, 1 ') is set and in a control loop to the set size is held; the smoothing or structuring and / or calibration process is carried out with wipers (52/10 ') and these wipers are regulated according to temperature and electrostatic potential; the level of charging of the electronic and electrostatic component, the temperature, the oscillation frequency of the pressing body of the smoothing device, the smoothing or structuring and / or calibration process of the coating (182) or of the workpiece (1, 1 ') and those not yet on it fixed coating (182) with respect to the type of coating, coating thickness, coating shape and the composition of the coating (182) and are kept in a control loop. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the application of a plastic layer, a layer of modified natural material, natural material, metal, ceramic or substrate or layers of plastic, natural material, modified natural materials, metal / s, ceramic or combinations of the aforementioned materials in one or more passages / passages of the workpiece (1, 1 ') between / under the pressing bodies 5 10th 15 20th 25th 30th 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 8th 15 CH 687 594 A5 16 or underneath the unit for applying the coating (2, 12 ", 12, 99 99 '), the workpieces (1, 1') immediately smoothed and / or structured and the coating and / or the workpiece with the coating on it the dimensions and the shape are calibrated when using release agent, which is part of the coating (182), or is and at the same time is filler (18, 7 and 7 ', 82, 82') of the coating (182), or by the Incorporation in the process of smoothing or structuring and / or calibrating the coating (182), alone or together with the workpiece, means that release agent is used that does not adhere to the pressing bodies / the pressing body, but due to electronic or electrostatic attraction forces the surface of which adheres that the release agent (18, 7, 7 ', 82, 82') that is used is such that it is suitable for attaching attachments adhesive, which is not yet firm, on the pressing body prevents the layer thickness of the release agent (18, 7, 7 ', 82, 82') from being used when using the surface smoothing device without stepless torque adjustment and dressing of its surface by wipers (52/10 ') ) on the pressing body on the already electrostatically charged pressing body by changing the vibrating pressure of the pressing body or by tapping by hand according to the eye, excess material is removed from the pressing body. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that one / more workpiece / s (1, 1 ') is / are provided with a coating (182) according to this method and this coating (182) in a not yet solid state Metal, natural material, modified natural material, ceramic, substrate / s and the combinations of the aforementioned materials and the like are more, smoothed or structured and / or calibrated or the workpiece with the coating together, the dimensions and / or the shape is calibrated so that a surface smoother is used, the frictional torque between the pressure body (3, 3/9, 9, 10, 10/11, 11, 11 ', 53/3, 61, 71 , 71 ', 71 ", 91, 91') and the workpiece (1, 1 ') is effective in the course of the method and / or the coating which is not yet firm thereon after its application to the workpiece (1, 1') is effectively adjustable, that pressure body with profile roller shape as interchangeable pressure body, Andrü Rollers or smoothing heads (53/3) and conveyor belts (10) are used, which have a wide variety of contours adapted to the workpiece (1, 1 ') for receiving the workpiece (1, 1'), its smoothing or structuring and / or or calibration that pressure bodies are used that are made of a material that can be changed electrostatically or with an electronic means in its electrical charge potential, for example, can be charged and discharged, that for the pressure bodies used, plastics, metals and plastic Metal combinations are used as their material, that surface smoothers are used, to which a storage space for powdery substances (7, 7 ', 18, 82, 82') is assigned, that surface smoothers are used, which have a device for their vibration; The metering of the coating material and the torque setting of the pressing body have that surface smoothers are used that have a heating and charging element (29) in the storage space (7, 7, 18) and in the pressing body. 4. The method according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the release agent is removed from packages and / or the surface smoothing agent, that the release agent is metered out via the metering device (12) from the handle (16) of the surface smoothing agent used and Via the striking device (13), the pressure body (11, 11 ') is fed to the latter after the release agent / coating agent has been heated and / or electronically charged / discharged with respect to its electrostatic potential, if appropriate with an integrated heating and charging element for electronic charging (29) . 5. The method according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that a surface smoother is used which has a paraboloid-shaped pressing body (61) which is too pivotable to the surface smoother. 6. The method according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that a surface smoother is assigned, in particular by the manufacturer of the coating material (128) for the materials in the packing chambers (18, 82, 82 'used therefor, 182) in particular with the embossing of the symbols for their use after pre-aging, graded, for example, every two years and their composition, in the cover and its base (86, 87, 88), using a self-sealing sealing element in case of opened packing chambers is that the assignment for the use is done by storing coating material (182, 18, 82 ') and smoothing surface in a container, which due to its material and a lens system on it causes the coating material to age. 5 10th 15 20th 25th 30th 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 9