CH657302A5 - PISTON RING SPAN DEVICE FOR MOUNTING OF PISTON RINGS ON PISTON, ESPECIALLY internal combustion engines larger design. - Google Patents

Description

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PATENT CLAIMS of the plane-parallel plates (19.20) of each expanding jaw (3.4)

1. Piston ring tensioning device for pulling piston is connected and at the same time place a spacer for it on pistons, in particular of internal combustion engine forms.

NEN larger type, with two expanding jaws (3,4), of which 7. Device according to claim 5, characterized

each for spreading a piston ring in the range of 5 net that the second guide element (16, 17) each spread

the ring joint at one end of the ring with a gripping hook (3, 4) is formed by a roller or a bolt,

(7,8) bears and engages behind and also extends from the one or the two plane-parallel plates (19,

Ring end spaced on the outside of a piston ring 20) is rotatably mounted and on the outer sliding surface (18)

supports perpendicular to the tangent, and comes to rest with a deflecting guide rail (15).

Device (11) for the expanding jaws (3, 4), the parts of which on i0 8. Device according to claim 5, characterized in

attack the latter and cooperate with them in such a way that the second guide element (16, 17)

that when a piston ring of a deflecting jaw (3, 4) is spread by a sliding block or a wall

The end of the ring ends in the circumferential direction, which is between the two plane-parallel plates

over a certain pivot point (19, 20), if necessary also releasably attached to them.

is characterized by the following features, 15 is bound.

- Each expanding jaw (3, 4) has a first guide element (12, 13) with which it on an inner circular arc-shaped 9th device according to claim 6, characterized in that the curved sliding surface (14) of a guide rail (15) compensates that the slide shoe or the wall is supported perpendicular to the plane, and a second guide element (16, 17), on which plates (19, 20) of each expanding jaw (3, 4) are arranged, to which the guide rail (15) has an outer, for inner 20 and a parallel sliding surface (18) coming to rest on the piston ring outside, bearing surface (9, 10) and one on the inner sliding surface (14)

- The guide rail (15) penetrates both expansion brackets - the guide rail (15) adjacent sliding surface (21, 22) (3,4) between the guide elements (12, 13, 16, 17).

and projects beyond them with their sliding surfaces (14, 18) on the side. 10. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that both expansion jaws (3, 4) on the latter for the opening that the expansion jaws (3, 4) ) consist of a welding or soldering widening of a piston ring to its over-slip dimension.

11, the device according to claim 1, characterized

- The inner sliding surface (14) of the guide rail (15) is such that the expansion jaws (3, 4) are seated by one-piece castings and have a curvature with a radius (RF), the pole (P) of which is formed.

from the center (M) of a piston ring 30 to be expanded 12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in

(1) by 0.05 to 0.30 times its nominal diameter, that the guide rail (15) is dimensionally stable and made of material, primarily steel, on the line of symmetry opposite the ring joint.

the ring area is shifted. 13. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that either on the guide rail (15) or each net that the radius of the inner sliding surface (14) of the guide 35 of the two expanding jaws (3, 4) travel limiting pins (23, 24 ) guide rail (15), which also arranges the distance between the latter, which, with corresponding stop faces, defines from the ring joint of a piston ring (1) to be tensioned, (25, 26) on the expanding jaws (3, 4) or the guide rail starting from the pole (P) a size of 0.55 to 0.80fa- (15) cooperate to limit the expansion path, chen the nominal diameter of a piston ring to be tensioned 14. Device according to claim 1, characterized gekennzeich-ges (1). 40 net that on the inner (14) and / or outer sliding surface

3. Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized ge (18) of the guide rail (15) recesses (37,38) or indicates that at a nominal diameter of the flats to be flattened (39) are provided, which lie spatially in this way -Ning piston ring (1) of 520 mm the distance MP from that each expanding jaw (3,4) in the unactuated state whose center (M) to the pole (P) 0.171 times the nominal of the device a certain play compared to the guide diameter and the radius of the inner sliding surface (14) of the 45 rail (15) and a force-free hooking of the guide rail (15) starting from this pole (P) enables the exciting piston ring (1).

Is 0.677 times the nominal diameter. 15. The apparatus according to claim I, characterized in

4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that when it is used to spread small Kolnet, that both points (G and H) at which the two expansion rings (1) with a nominal diameter of up to 300 mm bake the baking (3rd , 4) on the outside of a piston ring (1) to the deflection device (11) for the expanding jaws (3, 4) come from two systems, in the unactuated state of the device hand levers (27, 28), each of which is rigidly attached to a straight spreader Distance from 0.5 to 0.9 times the jaw (3,4) attached or formed on this and have egg piston ring nominal diameter. ner return spring (29) exists between the two

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spreading jaws (3, 4) are clamped and these are deflected from the net, that the two spreading jaws (3, 4) are each able to return to their starting position from two flat positions, parallel plates (19 , 20) which, in their cross-device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat guide rail (15) extends above and below, that when used for spreading medium-sized covers and with little play between them Piston rings (1) with a nominal diameter of up to 600 mm, and that the two expansion jaws (3, 4) to be tensioned - the deflection device (11) for the expansion jaws (3, 4) from the piston ring (1) at least partially above and below so that there are two obtuse-angled hand levers (30, 31), cover, and at their ends assigned to the ring joint, each of which rotatably carries a gripping hook (7, 8) on a spreader jaw (3, 4) and finally with Sharing guides and are also connected to the other via a joint (32) of the deflection device (11) and the guide is rotatably connected in such a way that compression elements (12, 13; 16.17) between them. the outer ends of the expanding jaws (3, 4) from their extension

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in 65-gear position are deflectable.

net, that the first guide element (12, 13) of each expansion baffle. 17. Device according to claim 1, characterized gekennzeich-kens (3,4) realized by a sliding block or a wall that when used to spread large Kolist, the or The fixed, if necessary also detachable with the double rings (1) with a nominal diameter larger than 600 mm

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the deflection device (11) mechanically, pneumatically or corrected area, as it comprises in most common hydraulically actuated power amplifiers. Piston ring pliers with the risk of ring deformation occur when using the inventive

Clamping device not available. These benefits are through

5 realizes a piston ring tensioning device, which - one sees The invention relates to a piston ring tensioning device from the different means for spreading from for mounting piston rings on pistons, with Merkma piston rings of different sizes - simply from three len according to the preamble of claim 1. simple and Components that can be produced cheaply, namely the result of an increasing increase in performance and in particular the expansion jaws and the guide rail. If the ignition pressure in internal combustion engines is particularly high, it is also necessary to design the guide rail in piston rings, which, compared to piston rings in an older manner, are advantageously possible . These higher demands, the latter without having to do without the Fordeten piston rings according to the task, have a smaller ratio of diameter to the most uniform possible tension to radial ring width and are more rigid. Your work history.

s.toffe are generally geared towards better running properties. In the following, the invention and further advantages are presented, have no pronounced yield strength and none have the same modulus of elasticity with the aid of a plurality of Ausstanten shown in the drawing. In addition, the combustion chamber follow-up examples are explained. The drawing shows:

Most piston rings in most cases hard running layers Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a piston ring

with a completely different modulus of elasticity than the base body material 20 clamping device according to the invention applied for clamping smaller, which running layers are brittle and crack-sensitive piston rings up to 300 mm nominal diameter,

are borrowed. The shape of these piston rings is approximately apple-shaped in the undrawn FIG. 2 shows a detailed section from FIG. 1 along the line NEN, the radius of curvature II-II,

3, a second exemplary embodiment of a piston ring than the ring regions 25 running towards the respective ring joint, according to the invention for clamping the joint. Close to the ring joint, free grinding, dough-sized piston rings with a nominal diameter of up to 600 mm, chamfering or the like for ring shape correction can also be shown in FIG. 4, a third embodiment of a piston ring. Clamping device according to the invention for clamping

In order to spread the piston ring larger when the piston rings are larger with a nominal diameter and to avoid slipping over a piston 30 to 600 mmJ

or to reduce it to a minimum, the tension in FIG

Piston ring as evenly as possible over the course of its untensioned condition,

shares occur; 6, a schematic representation of the inventive

ring ends. Most of the piston ring tensioning devices currently on the one hand and a known so-called piston ring pliers or piston ring pulling devices, which result when using the same, do not meet these requirements in the piston ring,

or only partially meet. 7 is a schematic illustration from which the Formner piston ring fitting device according to GB-PS changes a piston ring on the basis of the deflection paths be-682 976, but points or areas of the same are known for this known predeterminant are shown in the direction of a very complex four-bar transmission, 40 FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the deformation of which the exact adjustment and manufacture of a substantial piston ring is required with a spreading within the required cost. proper piston ring tensioning device.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a piston ring. In the figures, the same or corresponding clamping device are to be created, which are drawn from only a few components with the same reference numerals.

parts are simple and inexpensive to produce, in addition a 45 in the figures is a piston ring, in particular for simple adaptation to piston rings of different sizes of pistons of larger internal combustion engines, and with 2 total sen is possible and is still a piston ring tensioning device according to the invention when pulling piston ring on the other hand, draws as even a tension as possible in the mounting of piston rings onto the said piston, while at the same time protecting the piston ring joint. The piston ring tensioning device 2 has two running ring areas. so spreading jaws 3 and 4, each of which is used for spreading purposes. In a piston ring tensioning device of a piston ring 1 in the region of its ring joint with the type mentioned at the outset, the design of the corresponding gripping hooks 7 and 8 rests on a ring end 5 and 6, respectively Chend solved the characterizing part of claim 1. Reaches behind and inside. In addition, each expanding jaw 3 has adhesive developments and refinements of this solution or 4 has a contact surface 9 or 10 with which it is characterized in the dependent claims. 55 end of the ring 5 or 6 spaced on the generally cylindri-below is detailed on the advantages of the invented outside of a piston ring 1 to be tensioned piston-ring tensioning device according to the position supported to its tangent. In addition, the takes. When using the invented piston ring tensioning device 2, a piston ring becomes a generally and generally appropriate tensioning device by means of a deflecting device for increasing tension, designated 11 in the drawing, in a wide, mostly shape-corrected manner, such as the expanding jaws 3 and 4, from the parts on the expansion bak-range up to about 60 ° on both sides of the ring joint and by a ken are articulated or fastened and cooperate with them in such a low pressure against the - often coated - tread that very gentle on the expansion of a piston ring. In the rest of the ring area, a plastic deformation of the catch direction prevents rotation of the same around a certain piston ring or is superimposed on rigid piston rings over 65 pivot point by a deflection of its ring ends 5 and 6 in a constant constant tension. More detailed explanations regarding the entire area are evenly distributed and limited to a mini function of the piston ring clamping device according to the invention. Local tension maxima in the direction of the direction are shown further below with the aid of FIGS. 5 to 8, metrically opposite the ring joint or in the form of a shape close to the joint.

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half of the piston ring clamping device 2, however, mirror-symmetrically and externally the contact surface 9 or 10 arranged for a clamping metric. the piston ring 1 and the inside on the inner sliding surface. According to the invention, each expanding jaw 3 or 4 has a sliding surface 21 or 22 which bears against the guide rail 15 and has first guide element 12 or 13, with which it has an internal one. The sliding block is fixed, optionally also detachably curved circular sliding surface 14 of a guide rail 5 is supported by means of screws with the two plane-parallel plates 19, guide rail 15, and a second guide element or 20 of each expanding jaw 3 or 4 is connected. Instead of ment 16 or 17, on which the guide rail 15 is supported by a sliding shoe, the first guide element 12 is outer, to the inner parallel sliding surface 18. or 13 can also be realized by a wall which extends in the same way. The guide rail 15 penetrates both expanding jaws 3 in the same way as the sliding shoe between the two plates 19 and 4 and projects beyond them with their sliding surfaces 14, 18 arranged laterally 10 20. The second guide element 16 or 17 is so far that both expansion jaws 3, 4 on the latter for the opening of each expansion jaw 3 or 4 are, in the illustrated embodiment of a piston ring 1 on its overlap dimension, examples of a roller or a bolt educated, long-lived. The inner sliding surface 14 of the guide or the rail 15 between the two plane-parallel plates 19 according to the invention has a curvature with one or 20 rotatably mounted and on the outer sliding surface a radius RF, the pole P - see Fig. 6 and 8 - of the 1518 of the guide rail 15 is present.

The point M of a piston ring 1 to be tensioned by 0.05. Instead of a roller or a pin, the second to 0.30 times its nominal diameter on the Symme guide element 16 or 17 of each expanding jaw 3 or

line of the same to the opposite of the ring joint 4, but also by means of a sliding block or a wall

Ring area is shifted towards. be siert, the or the similarly trained and on the two

The radius RF of the inner equal surface 14 of the guide plates 19 or 20 can be arranged as in the area of the guide rail 15, starting from the pole P, has a size of first guide elements 12 or 13.

0.55 to 0.80 times the nominal diameter of one On the guide rail are path limiting pins 23

exciting piston ring 1. In this way, the exact distance or 24 is arranged, which with corresponding stop surfaces of the guide rail 15 from the ring joint of a 25 or 26 to be clamped on the expansion jaws 3 or 4 to limit the

Piston ring 1 set. 2s expansion path of the piston ring tensioning device 2 together

In a specific embodiment, namely to cooperate. As an alternative to the arrangement shown, it is also possible to clamp the piston ring 1 with a nominal diameter, the path limiting pins 23 and 24 of 520 mm have the pole P from the center M of the expanding jaws 3 and 4 and the associated announcements Piston ring on a distance MP, which 0.171 fab face 25.26 to attach to the guide rail 15, che of the nominal diameter; the radius RF of the curvature 30, the stop surfaces 25 and 26 can perforate on the outside of one of the inner sliding surface 14 on the guide rail 15, two plates 19 and 20 - see FIGS. 1 and 3 - or in long possession in this specific exemplary embodiment 4 - which in one or both of the pole P has a size which corresponds to 0.677 times the nominal diameter of the plates 19 or 20 of an expanding jaw 3 or 4 of said piston ring 1. The two are sculpting. Such elongated holes can also be used for weight points G and H - see FIG. 6 - at which the two spreaders 35 reduce the piston ring tensioning device 2, bake 3 and 4 with their contact surfaces 9 and 10 at the bottom The guide rail 15, on the side of the piston ring 1 in this specific embodiment of the inner and / or outer sliding surface 14 or 18, of the exemplary embodiment, have recesses 37, 38 (FIG. 4) or flats 39 in the unactuated state of the ben associated piston ring tensioning device 2 a direct (Fig. 1.3) are provided, which are spatially arranged so that a distance that corresponds to 0.75 times the piston ring nominal diameter a slight play and thus evasion of the two sers. The distance between these two points G and H expanding jaws 3 and 4 relative to the guide rail 15 in other cases can, however, also be greater or smaller from an initial position of the piston ring tensioning device 2 and 0.5 to 0.9 times the nominal diameter of one and thus one force-free hooking of the exciting piston ring 1 to be tensioned in it. Piston ring 1 is guaranteed.

In the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, as shown in FIG. 1, when using the invented, the two expanding jaws 3 and 4 of a piston ring clamping device 2 according to the piston ring are used for the clamping device 2 - as shown in FIG. 2 - Each consisting of two small piston rings with a nominal diameter up to plane-parallel plates 19 and 20, which cover the guide rail 15 300 mm the deflection device 11 from two hand levers 27 in their transverse expansion plane up and down or 28, each of which is rigidly attached to an expanding jaw 3 or 4 as well as with little play between them, furthermore so cohesively or releasably connected or trained on this - when the piston ring tensioning device is to be tightened. In addition, a return spring 29 is provided which at least partially covers the end of the piston ring 1 at the top and bottom between the mutually facing ends of the two spreaders. The latter can be seen well from FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 — baking 3 and 4 is clamped in and this is from a deflected pole; the lateral overlap of the piston ring can be returned to its normal position. When the piston ring clamping device 20 according to the invention is used in the start and end area of the two plates 19 and 55. In addition, take the two plates 19 and 20 - as well as device 2 for tensioning medium-sized piston rings 1 with a from Fig. 2 - at their respective ring joint to the inner diameter up to 600 mm, the deflecting device-ordered initial area consists of the gripping hooks 7 and 8, respectively device 11 for the expanding jaws 3 and 4 from two obtuse angles between them, which is connected to these curved hand levers 30 and 31 - as shown in Fig. 3 - and at the same time forms a spacer for them. In addition, each of which is rotatable on an expanding jaw 3 or 4, the two plates 19 and 20 are articulated indirectly or by a bearing. As a bearing for the hand levers 30 or indirectly at least with parts of the deflection device 11 31, those bolts can be used on which the rollers, which are connected to actuate the two expansion jaws 3 and 4. formed guide elements 16 and 17 are rotatably mounted. More on this is described further below. The two hand levers 30 and 31 are via a joint 32

As can be clearly seen from FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, the guide is rotatably connected to one another in such a way that by

tion element 12 or 13 of each expanding jaw 3 or 4 by pressing their rear ends - in accordance with the realized in a sliding shoe, which is a spacer for the arrow directions shown in FIG. 3, the expanding jaws 3rd

forms two plates 19 and 20 of an expanding jaw 3 and 4 and 4 are deflectable from their initial position. An interim

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see both hand levers 30 and 31 clamped spring 33 ensures ring 1 in the area between points A and B on the one hand for their return from the deflected position and thus as well as C and D on the other hand, that is, within one each for a return of the expanding jaws 3, 4 out - Spreading jaws 3 or 4, one from A to B or C to D

steered position in their starting position. increasing bending moment and outside the range A-B

When using the piston ring tensioning device 2 to 5 or C-D, the bending moment MB = AB is largely constant

Clamping large piston rings with a nominal diameter • FR = CD ■ FR.

is greater than 600 mm between the two expanding jaws. In FIG. 7, the deformation of a piston ring 1, which extends and is articulated to the deflection device 11, which is articulated mechanically and hydraulically, is provided from its tension-free shaping device 11 shown in FIG or shown in new, the inner line with the points Ai, Bi and matically actuated power amplifiers such as threaded spindles, 10 Q, D! the piston ring 1 in its initial position and the äus gearbox, lifting cylinder or the like. In FIG. 4 a better line with the points A2, B2 and C2, D2 shows the final state, the deflection device 11, for example, shows one of the spread piston rings 1. 8 shows the expanding jaws 3 articulated pressure piston 34 and a pressure cylinder 35 articulated on the shape and position change, which a piston ring on its expanding jaws 4, which is used to expand the two expanding jaws 3 and 4 within a piston steering system according to the invention via an attachment 15 ring clamping device 2 experiences.

Connection piece 36 from a pressure source, not shown, with hydraulic or pneumatic pressure medium. When the piston ring 1 is expanded, it moves and can be relieved. Point A, after A2, point B, after B2, point Q after the following are the theoretical bases of the first C2 and point D, after D2. The piston ring tensioning device according to the invention can be explained kinematically in more detail on the basis of the sequence of movements when a piston ring 1 is expanded by FIGS. 5 to 8. the piston ring tensioning device 2 according to the invention as in FIG. 5 is schematic - in the lower part of the better translation of the ring segment A-B or C-D of A |, B; Comprehensibility, however, somewhat exaggerated - the areas according to A2, B3 or from Cb Dj to C2, D3 with superimposed rust age of a piston ring 1 in the untensioned state, represented by A from A2, B3 to A2, B2 or by C from C2 , D3 represents. The piston ring 1 has an approximately apple-shaped 25 according to C2, D2. This sequence of movements takes shape, with the desired part of the piston ring opposite the one shown in FIG. 6, right half, in the relaxed state, which provides the ring joint with a noticeably large constant tension in the piston ring 1; it will have a radius of curvature RM than those parts that run through the precise guidance of the expanding jaws 3 and 4 along the ring joint. The radius of their curvature is achieved with rM of the guide rail 15, the inner sliding surface 14 of which is designated. 30 forms a relative path for said movement sequence.

In Fig. 6, a piston ring 1 is shown schematically, des- Within the piston ring tensioning device 2 sen neutral line 35 is tightened. This piston sequence 1, this sequence of movements, as shown in FIG. 8, is as follows: In the left half of the illustration, points A and C are schematically moved on a dashed half of a piston ring tensioning device 2 according to the Erfin circular path originating in the manure already defined above assigned, while from the right half the "Pol P and radius RA / C from A] to A2 'and from Q to C2' respectively; the stress distribution in piston ring 1 when using points B and D also move on one dashed line of the piston ring tensioning device 2 according to the invention, also originating in pole P and can be seen within the piston ring radius RB / d according to the invention from Bj to B2 'or Dj to D2'. The piston tensioning device 2 becomes the piston ring 1 on both sides of the ring 1 is spatially offset, the ring joint being diametrically opposite to the ring joint by two pairs of forces Fi, F «- see FIG. 5 e Point E - see Fig. 7 - as addressed. The force F is perpendicular to the tangent shown in FIG. 8 from point E to point E2. Point G or H, at which the respective expanding jaw 3 or the piston ring tensioning device 2, 4 according to the invention rests on the outside of the piston ring 1, and is directed into the interior, which enables this sequence of movements, is directed by three of the piston ring 1. The force Fn continues to act moderately parallel in the direction of the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, but opposes the force Fj and acts as described in detail above. The Ronan shown there on the inner edge of each ring end 5 or 6. The force Fn structures, in particular with regard to the expanding jaws 3 and - as shown in FIG. 5 - is the resultant of a 4, as far as their shape, dimensions, manufacture and measure-first force component Fu are concerned, which relates to the material from the respective ring end 5 , can also be realized in a different way, or 6 starting in the circumferential direction of a piston ring 1 Instead of a welded or soldered structure, it could act and spread the latter, as well as a second force-5 «expanding jaws also as one-piece castings made from components FR, which are vertical forms the first standing in the same and be designed accordingly. The guide rail point as it engages the piston ring 1. This second 15 consists of such a material, in particular steel, force component FR generated when the piston is spread, which ensures its bending rigidity.

C.

4 sheets of drawings