CH656453A5 - Device for firing simulation using light pulses - Google Patents

Description

Invention result from the dependent claims.

6s The invention achieves the advantage that for

Taking into account the target's own movement, only a single measurement is required at the time the shot is fired.

The present invention relates to a device for such a, that is, a measurement by means of the shot

simulating light signal can be carried out. After triggering the simulated shot, as in real shooting, the directional relationship between the weapon and the target can be abandoned immediately. Through the method according to the invention, the speed of movement of the target at the time the shot is fired is vectorially determined in relation to the weapon-target line and from this, by multiplying with the projectile flight time, the expected total movement of the target during the projectile flight time, both transversely and longitudinally to the sight line , be extrapolated. This coincides with the actual total movement of the target during the missile flight time on the assumption that the target moves smoothly. In practice, this leads to sufficiently accurate results, since abrupt changes in speed or direction of the target are unlikely within a few seconds of the missile flight time.

An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

Fig. 1 schematically explains the relationship between the weapon and the target.

2 and 3 schematically show a block diagram of the devices on the weapon and target sides for the method according to the invention in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.

1 shows a combat vehicle 11 with a firearm 12, the line of sight of which is designated by 13. A laser transmitter 15 is coupled to the weapon in such a way that its transmission direction is exactly parallel to the line of sight 13. The laser transmitter 15 is preferably arranged (different from the drawing) on or in the barrel of the weapon 12. In operation, the laser transmitter 15 emits laser signals which fill a radiation lobe or a solid angle 17 simultaneously or in succession and preferably form a scanning pattern, as will be explained in the following. The divergence of the radiation lobe 17 is exaggerated and in practice is only a few mrad. A receiver 19 for laser light 21 reflected from the target is also located on the weapon vehicle 11.

In the typical combat distance (cf. right half of FIG. 1), the radiation lobe 17 has expanded so that a target object 23 is still detected by the radiation lobe even if it has a more or less large deposit A in the horizontal and vertical directions of the line of sight 13, the still permissible storage A should be at least in the order of magnitude of the lead angle typically to be set during shooting. The target object 23 is equipped with a receiver-reflector unit 25 for the laser radiation. On the one hand, this consists of several retro reflectors, so-called angle prisms, which are aligned in a ring shape in all directions so that, depending on the direction of incidence, one of the reflectors reflects a portion 21 of the laser light 27 striking the unit 25 in the same direction, so that this Part hits the weapon-side receiver 19. The unit 25 also has a direction-sensitive detector which detects another part of the laser light 27 striking the unit 25 relative to a reference line of the target object 23. If, as is preferred, the receiver reflector unit 25 is arranged on the rotatable tower of the target vehicle 23, the direction-sensitive detector sets the angle a between the direction of incidence of the laser radiation 27 and a reference line, e.g. the longitudinal axis 29 of the tower, and there is also provided an angle encoder, the angle β between the longitudinal axis 29 of the tower and that with the direction of travel

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matches the longitudinal axis 31 of the target vehicle 23.

The shot simulation system is set up in a known manner in such a way that, on the one hand, the distance of the target and, on the other hand, its placement A from the sighting line could be determined on the basis of the laser light 21 reflected by the target 23 and received by the receiver 19. There are various options for determining shelf A. E.g. The io laser beam emitted by the laser transmitter 15 can pass through a scanning pattern within the spatial angle 17, the position of the individual laser signals within the scanning pattern being identified by the time of their transmission and / or by pulse coding. The scanning pattern can in particular be designed in such a way that different pulse-coded laser beam bundles are emitted simultaneously or successively in different directions in such a way that they adjoin one another in a matrix-like manner and fill the solid angle 17 as a whole. If the pulse coding of the laser light 21 reflected back to the receiver 19 is analyzed, then its position in the scanning pattern and thus the offset A of the target 23 in the lateral and vertical direction can be determined. Another possibility that can be used in the context of the method according to the invention is that the laser beam is deflected by moving optical elements in such a way that a scanning pattern runs through the space angle 17. A system is also conceivable in which the laser light beam fills the entire solid angle 17 and the detector 19 is a direction-sensitive detector which detects the angular deviation of the reflected beam 21 from the line of sight 13. However, since this angle is very small, the measurement accuracy of the receiver 19 required for its detection can hardly be achieved with reasonable effort.

According to the invention, in addition to the distance of the target 23 and its deposit A from the line of sight 13, the instantaneous speed of the target 23 is also determined, vectorially in relation to the weapon-target connecting line. For this purpose, the speed of travel in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis 31 40 is measured on the one hand by means of the tachometer, and on the other hand, as indicated, the angles a and ß and thus the total angle a + ß between the vehicle longitudinal axis 31 and the connecting line target-weapon are determined. This angle coincides practically with the angle between the vehicle longitudinal axis 31 and the 45 line of sight 13. Because of the directional reference thus produced, the speed of the target 23 can be broken down in its components perpendicularly and parallel to the axis of sight 13. This information is taken into account in the shot evaluation in such a way that by multiplying the speed components with the projectile flight time resulting from the target distance, the total change in location of the target 23 to be expected during the projectile flight time, assuming uniform movement of the target. The change of location transversely to line of sight 13 is to be compared with the lead chosen by the shooter. The change in location parallel to the line of sight must be taken into account when evaluating the ballistic attachment angle set by the shooter. If the shot evaluation takes place on the weapon vehicle 11, the information about the speed components of the target 23 is to be transmitted from the latter to the weapon vehicle 11. This can be done, for example, by radio or by an own modulatable laser light transmitter, or - as in the embodiment shown - in such a way that the corresponding information is modulated onto the reflected laser light beam 21 as a pulse code.

According to the block diagram according to FIG. 2, the devices provided on the weapon vehicle 11 initially belong

656453

the laser transmitter 15, which is controlled by a control device 33 in such a way that it emits differently coded laser light signals into different, angularly adjacent spatial angle sectors within the entire spatial angle 17. Furthermore, the already mentioned receiver 19 is provided, which receives the radiation 21 retroreflected from the target. On the one hand, this contains the pulse code generated by the control unit 33, from which the target location A is determined by the sight line 13, and on the other hand - in this embodiment - a pulse code modulated on the target side, which contains the information about the speed components of the target.

The output signals of the receiver 19, on the one hand, reach a distance measuring stage 35, in which the distance d of the target is calculated on the basis of the time interval between transmission and reception of the laser signal. In further stages 37, the expected flight time t of the projectile can be calculated from the distance d using data about ammunition type and trajectory stored in a memory 39.

On the other hand, the output signals of the receiver 19 arrive in a decoder 41 which, on the one hand, determines the position of the received laser light in the scanning pattern from the signal coding and from this the position A of the target 23 in the vertical and lateral directions, and on the other hand the information from the pulse coding modulated on the target side determined via the components of the speed v of the target.

This information is given in the evaluation computer 43, which calculates from this and, if necessary, further data obtained from the memory 39, the position of the point of impact of the simulated shot from the position which the target has at the end of the projectile flight time t assuming constant, uniform movement would. On the basis of this evaluation result, it can be shown whether the simulated shot would have hit the moving target using actual ammunition and based on the assumptions made by the shooter regarding the lead angle, ballistic attachment angle etc., or by how much and in which direction the target would have been missed . This result of the evaluation of the simulated shot can be displayed in a display device 45, which can have, for example, a screen on which a crosshair indicates the stopping point of the weapon 12 and on which a mark 47 symbolizing the target indicates the position of the target relative to the stopping point at the moment the triggering of the shot or in another position 47 'represents the position of the target at the end of the projectile flight time.

3 consist of a retroreflector 51 in the form of angled prisms arranged in a ring, and of the direction-sensitive detector 53. This can be designed in various ways. A conical reflector 55 is shown, which deflects the incoming radiation 27 in a direction-dependent manner onto one of numerous, ring-shaped detector elements 57. Instead, one or more conventional quadrant detectors can also be provided. Another possibility for the design of the direction-sensitive detector is described in DE-OS 2 931 818 and consists of numerous detectors, each associated with an angle of incidence sector, which are connected to a chain of delay elements, the delay chain in one and the time difference signals passing in the other direction, the respective detector receiving the radiation and thus the direction of incidence can be determined.

The output signals of the direction-sensitive detector 53 are fed to an evaluation unit 59. This also receives the output signal of an angle sensor 61, which detects the angular position β between the tower and the longitudinal direction of the target vehicle 23, and the output signal from the tachometer 63 measuring the travel speed of the target vehicle 23. The evaluation unit 59 uses these input signals to calculate the components of the vector speed v of the target 23 perpendicular and parallel to the line of sight 13. This information is pulse-coded in a control unit 25 and modulated onto the retroreflected beam 21 by appropriate control of an optical modulator 67 connected upstream of the reflector 51.

Deviations from the illustrated embodiment are possible within the scope of the invention. Thus, the invention is also applicable to shot simulation methods in which other known methods are used to determine the target A, e.g. a laser radiation beam deflected by means of moving optical elements and passing through a scanning pattern. The transmission of the information about the vectorial target speed to the evaluation device on the weapon vehicle 11 can, unlike shown, also take place via radio or the like. The destination can also be determined at the destination itself using the received laser light. In this case, the target-side retroreflector 51 and the weapon-side receiver 19 can be omitted. The entire shot evaluation can also be carried out at the target 23, in which case a transfer of the weapon-related data from the weapon to the target, e.g. by radio or by appropriate coding of the laser signal simulating the shot. Such and other deviations from the illustrated embodiment are within the scope of the invention.

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1 sheet of drawings

Claims (9)

656453 2 PATENT CLAIMS Shot simulation with light impulses, with a weapon 1. Device for shooting simulation with light impulses, transmitters for emitting light impulses in a with a weapon-side transmitter for emitting light sight-related scanning patterns, a target or weapon self-impulses in a sight-related scanning pattern, a target receiver for those received by the target or reflector or weapon-side receivers for the light pulses received by the target, one for the bearings of the received gene or reflected light pulses, a storage device corresponding to the position of the light pulses in the scanning pattern the target of the storage determination device for determining the storage of the sight line and an evaluation device for evaluating the target of the sight line and an evaluation device for the simulated shot based on the determined storage for evaluating the simulated shot based on the determined and other measured or entered information, telten filing and other measured or entered It is used to form shots using as realistic information as possible, characterized in that target conditions and with the most precise possible assessment of the Tref device (53) for determining the direction of incidence of the subsequent success of the shooting process, but without the necessary light pulses relative to the direction of travel of the target (23), a speed of using practice ammunition. The device (59) for generating information which represents the amount of travel speed of the target to be considered by the gunner when aiming the weapon and its direction sizes in particular represents the own movement of the target direction relative to the detected direction of incidence, and the target. In the case of a device (51, 65) for supplying this information to movement components directed transversely to the line of sight, this provides a corresponding provision which is provided for the evaluation device (43). Weapon, with movement parallel to the line of sight 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that 20 components are a change in the ballistic attachment — that the target-side device requires at least one directional column in order to have the sensitive receiver (53) for the light impulses that occurs during the projectile flight time. Change in location of the target to be taken into account. The estimate 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the own movement of the target and its connection that the receiver (53) on a relative to the chassis with the target distance, the prospective projectile flight-rotatable part of the target (23), in particular on the tower of a 25th time, etc. for the purpose of determining the correct lead and on combat vehicle, it is arranged that an angle transmitter (61) set angle, with or without the use of a fire control rake to determine the rotational position between the rotatable ners, are among the particularly difficult activities of the part and the chassis is provided, and that the information shooters on whom a corresponding training mation on the angular relationship between the direction of travel must be used. It is therefore desirable to have a direction of shot and incidence depending on the angle of incidence determined by the simulation method of the type mentioned for ballistic catchers and the angle of the projectile that allows the own movement of the determined angle of rotation to be generated. Automatically capture the target and with that of the shooter 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in the assumption of the weapon based on assumptions characterized in that the evaluation device (43) a Mul- to relate the target movement in order to have a reali-tiplikationsations by multiplying the 35 Static statement about the probability of a hit to the determined movement components of the target. Based on the measured distance, the projectile is known from DE-AS 2 262 605, a method for firing flight time the entire of the target during the bullet flight time simulation, in which the own movement of the target is determined during the expected travel distance of the projectile flight time by determining that both on and based on the further evaluation of the shot. 40 Beginning and end of the simulated floor flight time 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the target distance and the target storage from the line of sight, that at the target a transmitting device is determined for the emitted light signals. However, this communication of the driving relating to the travel movement of the target is not useful in practice because it requires advance information to the weapon-side evaluation device that the weapon is visible throughout the entire flight time. 45 is kept focused on the target unchanged. This is real 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that it is out of date, because in practice immediately after the firing of the shot that the transmitting device from a retroreflector solution prepares the next shot, including (51) for the light impulses coming from the weapon prior to realignment the weapon, possibly also a switchable controllable optical modulator (65), the other target must begin. In addition, the accuracy is imparted to the retroreflected light pulses by a pulse coding that represents the relevant one with the information relating to the sighting orientation in the known method. kept constant during the entire floor flight time 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, would have to be characterized in order to reliably determine that the evaluation device at the target object to change the location of the target is not provided in practice and that a transmitting device can be implemented on the weapon side, in particular if the Weapon is mounted on a vehicle that is moving in the evaluation device SS on the weapon side. information to be entered is provided for the destination. The object of the invention is to provide a device according to the 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in to create the preamble of claim 1, which a-that the information transmission from the weapon to the target or relationship of the target's own movement during the by-by corresponding pulse coding of the shot flight time into the shot Shot evaluation enabling light pulses takes place. co light without this from the real combat conditions 9. Device according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that differing actuations of the weapon are required, characterized in that the transmission device is designed as a radio transmission device. This task is designed with the device specified in claim 1. Means solved. Advantageous further refinements of the