CH648403A5 - DEVICE WITH INFLATABLE HEAT EXCHANGE STRUCTURE. - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a device with an inflatable heat exchange structure allowing both the reception and the emission of heat, to ensure either the production of heat or the production of cold.

The production of cold, by using solar radiation, is generally carried out by means of absorption machines in which the evaporation of the fluid is maintained by solar heat. Because of the difficulties which arise in hot countries to cool the condenser, it is necessary to have recourse, to heat the evaporator, with concentrated solar collectors in order to increase the temperature of the evaporator.

However, the efficiency of the installations would be considerably improved if the problem of cooling the condenser were solved in hot countries.

In order to avoid oversizing of the exchange surfaces inside the dwellings, and in order to obtain a good efficiency in obtaining cold by an absorption refrigeration unit, it is necessary to have temperatures lying in the range of average temperatures between 150 and 300 ° C. To obtain these temperatures, recourse is had to collecting devices associated with devices for concentrating solar radiation, which can take paraboloidal, cylindro-paraboloidal, hemispherical or semi-cylindrical shapes. . These devices must be constantly oriented towards the sun by an appropriate orientation and drive mechanism.

The devices for concentrating and capturing solar radiation of this type currently presented on the market have multiple drawbacks. They are heavy, have too strong a wind resistance which disrupts the orientation mechanisms; mandatory cleaning of reflectors is tedious; the electronic and mechanical solar tracking device is complex and expensive, due to the weight of the devices and the wind resistance, and uses powerful motors which consume energy; the transmission mechanisms frequently block, especially in the event of sand winds.

The object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of known installations and to create a device for concentrating and capturing solar radiation which gives great flexibility of use, which is modulated to the dimensions of the application location, which is easily lends itself to the installation of very large areas of concentration and collection, which offers a low wind resistance, a great reliability, a great lightness and a great ease of transport, with however a cost price much lower than that of the installations known, which allows both to create cold and heat with simple, light means, easy to transport to the place of their establishment, which is relatively compact, very easy to maintain and does not require much operating power, which ensures both daytime operation, especially for heat recovery, and nighttime operation for cold recovery, by heat emission.

To this end, the invention relates to a device specified in claim 1.

The coolant cooled during the night using the device defined above can be stored in a buffer tank, and it is used during the day to cool the condenser of installations, for example cold production installations, using energy. solar.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic representation in cross section of the device,

fig. 2 is a schematic representation in cross section of a first variant of the device,

fig. 3 is a schematic representation in cross section of a second variant of the device,

fig. 4 is a view in partial longitudinal section of a device with an inflatable structure for concentrating and capturing solar radiation,

fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the device according to FIG. 4.

The heat exchange device according to the invention comprises a flexible cylindrical outer casing 1 made of plastic material transparent to infrared rays, such as high density polyethylene; this envelope is kept in its cylindrical shape

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only by an internal overpressure Pj. Coaxially and inside this envelope 1 is disposed a flexible cylindrical plastic envelope 2, on the internal face of the wall of which is placed a coating, for example an aluminum deposit, reflecting the infrared rays with respect to the outer casing 1. 5 This second flexible cylindrical casing 2 is maintained at the overpressure P1. Supply lines 4 make it possible to bring, in the vicinity of the upper generator of the external envelope 1, a heat transfer fluid (providing heat or by absorbing) which then flows onto the internal cylindrical envelope 2, and which undergoes 10 a heat exchange during this runoff by radiation with the atmosphere through the outer envelope 1, as well as for exchanging infrared rays with the envelope 1, either as a receiver or as an emitter. The heat transfer fluid, after this exchange, collects in the vicinity of the lower generator of the outer casing 1 to be evacuated by means of an evacuation pipe 5, passes into a buffer tank 7 and is recycled by a pump 6 in line 4.

The heat exchange device described is entirely static, very light. Its implementation and transport are extremely easy since it swells.

The variant of fig. 2 has a reflecting surface 2 'directly attached to the lower internal face of the envelope 1.

Fig. 3 shows a second variant, the reflecting surface 2 "of which is attached to a plate inclined in a diametrical plane of the envelope 1.

Figs. 4 and 5 show in more detail an embodiment of a device which can be oriented by slaving to the position of the sun.

This device with an inflatable structure for concentrating and capturing 30 solar radiation comprises a concentrator 10 made up of a transparent, flexible cylindrical casing 11, maintained in its cylindrical shape by an internal overpressure of gas Pj, in particular C02, greater than the pressure atmospheric. At each end of the flexible cylindrical casing 11 is disposed a rigid structure 12 on which the casing 11 is fixed in leaktight manner. This structure 12 is integral with a pin 13 carried freely in rotation by a support 14. On one of the end structures 12 is arranged a tube 15 provided with a tap to allow the introduction into the envelope 11 of the gas exerting the overpressure P ,. Half of the internal face of the envelope 11 is provided with a coating 16 reflecting the solar radiation towards the interior of the envelope 11. This coating can be an aluminum deposit. The other half-cylinder of the wall of the envelope 11 has no coating and remains transparent to incident solar radiation (fig. 5).

Coaxial with this concentrator 10, and integrally with it, is arranged a receiver 17 constituted by a tube of circular section made of a thermally good conductive material. The external face of the wall 18 of the receiver 17 carries a coating which selectively absorbs solar radiation. At each end, the receiver 17 carries a rigid structure 19 secured to a pipe 20 for admission or discharge. These pipes 20 make it possible to circulate inside the receiver 17 a gaseous or liquid heat transfer fluid. Advantageously, the pipes 20 are in one piece with the axes 13 of the concentrator 10, to simplify the construction and ensure a drive which is integral in rotation with the concentrator 10 and the receiver 17, and simplify the sealing problems between the mobile receiver 17 and the fixed external installation for recycling the heat transfer fluid.

The cross section of the receiver is circular, but different receivers can be considered.

The device which has just been described is associated with an electronic control and drive device, not shown, for driving in rotation one of the axes 13 with an extremely low drive torque given the lightness of the assembly. This entrainment is even weaker if, according to a variant, the device is surrounded by an external envelope containing an oil bath on which the internal envelope floats.

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1 sheet of drawings

Claims (10)

648403 1. Device with an inflatable structure for ensuring a heat exchange between a heat transfer fluid and the outside of the structure, characterized in that it consists of a flexible cylindrical envelope (1,11) made of plastic material transparent to infrared rays, maintained in its form by an internal overpressure, and in that inside this envelope is provided a reflecting wall in the direction of the external envelope (1,11), and in front of which the heat transfer fluid (3) passes to cool or to reheat, brought inside the envelope (1) via a supply pipe (4.20) to exit by a discharge pipe (5) and be recycled by a pump (6) in a buffer tank (7). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflecting surface (2 ', 2 ") is a coating on the internal surface in a flexible cylindrical envelope (2) coaxial with the envelope (1) in which a pressure prevails gas (P2) greater than the gas pressure (Pj) prevailing between this envelope carrying the reflecting surface and the envelope (1). 2 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflecting surface (2 ', 2 ") is constituted by a coating on the lower part of the internal face of the envelope (1) or on an oblique plate along a plane diametral in the envelope (1). 4. Device according to claim 1 for the concentration and capture of solar radiation, characterized by a concentrator (10) comprising at each of its two ends (12) a swivel axis (13) to rotate around its longitudinal axis in end supports (14), its plastic wall comprising on an half-cylinder an internal coating (16) reflecting solar radiation inwards, the other half-cylinder 'being transparent to solar radiation, by a receiver (17) inside and coaxial with the plastic envelope (11), this envelope of which it is integral in rotation being made of a material of good thermal conductivity and being provided externally with a coating selectively absorbing solar radiation, the receiver ( 17) being provided at each of its ends (19) with an inlet or outlet pipe (20) for the heat transfer fluid, and by means of electronic servo-control and rotational drive. n to follow the movement of the sun. 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the plastic material constituting the envelope (2) of the concentrator (1) is stabilized with ultraviolet radiation. 6. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the reflective coating (16) inside the envelope (11) of the concentrator (10) consists of an aluminum deposit. 7. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the overpressure of gas (Pj), in particular carbon dioxide, prevailing inside the concentrator (10) is about 200 g / cm2 higher at atmospheric pressure. 8. Device according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the cross section of the receiver (17) is circular. 9. Device according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the wall (18) of the receiver (17) is made of copper or aluminum, its external face being anodically oxidized and colored black. 10. Device according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that it comprises an outer envelope containing an oil bath on which the inner envelope floats.