CH631423A5 - Lubricating process in the shaping of molten glass - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for lubricating transfer and / or shaping surfaces during the molding of molten glass, in which a lubricant is applied to the transfer and / or shaping surfaces prior to the introduction of the molten glass to be deformed.

In the manufacture of glass articles, in particular hollow glass articles such as containers, bottles or the like, glass drops from molten glass are known to be introduced into metal molds, in which they are deformed by blowing, thinning or any other process, depending on their size and requirements. Not only the desired design, i.e. Form, formed, but this is also given the mechanical properties desired for the end product.

These glass droplets, also called "parlors", are obtained from a glass mass which is kept at the appropriate temperature, generally more than 1000 ° C, and which can flow out through a calibrated opening if necessary. Using a parting or locking device, also called a chisel, e.g. in a cycle determined by the manufacturing machines, the amount of liquid glass required for manufacturing the object is measured and released. The released parison is collected in a bottle neck or funnel type receiver which forms the entrance to a transfer chute or trough, which is usually made of metal and is preferably arranged at a steep incline and whose task is to direct the still plastic glass drop directly Feed in advance. In the preform, the glass gets the rough, i.e. preformed, shape of the desired object by blowing compressed air, the glass spreading over the metal walls of the preform. The pre-formed glass object, called the «blank», is then transferred to a finishing mold, in which it e.g. gets its final shape using compressed air.

In some manufacturing processes, e.g. B. worked with a single molding step. In this case, the blank and the finished shape of the glass object to be molded are formed in one and the same shape. Here, e.g. worked by means of a turning device so that the parison can fill the mold and spread over the walls by the pressure 30 of the compressed air.

In this process, it is necessary to apply lubricant products or lubricant compositions on the way of the parison through the metallic transmission lines or channels as well as in the close contact between the glass, which is kept in the almost liquid phase, and the metal walls 3s of the preform or the finishing mold must have very special usage properties. Such lubrication can generally be accomplished by discontinuous injections of aqueous emulsions 40 at the entrance to the transducer to facilitate transfer of the parison. Furthermore, lubricants of various compositions can be atomized into the molds intermittently. It is then necessary to dry the applied lubricant by hand during the various work cycles between two molding cycles.

The known compositions used for lubrication are usually solutions or aqueous emulsions of petroleum hydrocarbons with or without the addition of synthetic products such as e.g. Products from the esterification of polyphenol derivatives, the esterification of organic acids with high molecular weight or higher alcohols, or such as e.g. Oxyethylene and oxypropylene derivatives of fatty acids, fatty alcohols and 55 fatty acid amines. In addition, most of these compositions contain variable amounts of graphite, which is considered a good lubricant and of course remains very stable at high temperatures. Such compositions are e.g. known from U.S. Patent No. 645,885. 60 Apart from the fact that very complex compositions are present, these also have disadvantages in other respects, which make it difficult to form glass objects. The known compositions in the form of solutions contain 65 thinners or solvents, the flammability limit of which is quickly reached at the temperatures of the glass manufacturing process and which therefore develop smoke when used. They evaporate faster than they really do

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lubricating components, which now have the tendency, despite e.g. precautionary measures taken to deposit carbon-containing residues, which reduce the desired lubrication effect and cause contamination of the mold. If the compositions are in the form of aqueous dispersions, the temperature increase during glass forming causes the dispersants to dissociate partially, causing the most water-binding (hydrophilic) and polar constituents to migrate into the aqueous vapor phase and the emulsion being rapidly destroyed. This leaves only the heaviest, i.e. For example, high molecular weight components whose polarity and wettable performance are weakest.

The graphite contained in the slurry of the known compositions has excellent thermal resistance and also lubricity, but it leaves deposits on the molds and carbon encrustations on the manufactured articles, which require frequent hand cleaning and lead to the rejection of finished workpieces.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a method of the type mentioned with which contamination, in particular due to the formation of carbon deposits, and frequent cleaning of the transfer and shaping surfaces for the glass and annoying

10 Smoke generation can be avoided and with which the lubrication of all transfer surfaces and shaping surfaces in contact with glass can be improved at all temperatures.

15 The process mentioned at the outset is characterized according to the invention in that at least one tertiary polyamine of the general formula

R-N-

(A0) n-H

(AOJnrH

(CH2) 3-N

(A0) n2-H

(CH2) 3-N

Jx

(A0) "3-H

(2)

in which

R is an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical with 12 to 22 carbon atoms, x is zero or an integer or even number from 1 to 5,

AO is an ethyleneoxy radical -CH2-CH2-0- or a propyleneoxy radical -CH2-CH2-CH2-0- and n, nl5, n2 and n3 are an integer, even or odd number, the sum of which is n + nt + n2 + n3 is 3 or higher than 3 and / or one of the terms n, nl5 n2, n3 is zero, to which surfaces are applied.

The invention is based on the finding that certain nitrogen-containing compounds and in particular hydroxyalkylene derivatives of certain polyamines are suitable, either alone or in the form of a mixture with one another, either undiluted or distributed or dissolved in water, good lubrication of the hot metal surfaces which are in Ensure contact with the hot glass melt and to ensure that the parison can slide freely and that the glass objects are shaped and demolded without causing undesired deposits, sticking or sticking of the glass to the metal walls or contamination of the manufactured objects.

With the method according to the invention, carbon deposits and annoying smoke development can be avoided. It is therefore advantageous not only the pollution of the metal surfaces of the transmission or. Transfer lines and the mold is prevented, but the costs of hand cleaning and drying as well as changing the molds can be largely reduced, in some cases even completely avoided. In this way, the service life of the devices can advantageously be extended and the performance of the molded glass production can be increased.

The tertiary polyamines according to the invention can by condensation of alkylene oxide with secondary and primary polyamines of the general formula r-nh-

(ch2) 3 - nh

(ch2) 3 - nh2

(1)

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are obtained in which R and x have the same meaning or the same values as in the above-mentioned formula (2). The condensation products of alkylene oxide of the above formula (2) can be obtained by condensing ethylene or propylene oxide on secondary and primary polyamines corresponding to the above formula (1) by known methods. However, these known condensation processes do not mean any restriction of the present invention.

i- 45 The secondary and primary polyamines of formula (1) above, in which R e.g. is a hydrocarbon residue of a vegetable, animal or synthetic fatty acid can be obtained by converting these fatty acids by known methods, neither the known conversion methods nor the origin of the starting fatty acids being a limitation of the present invention. For technological and thermal reasons, products of the above formula (2) are chosen which preferably have a molecular weight between 374 and 8,800. As a result, a product or mixtures of two or more of them can be used, which can be soluble or already dispersible in water if, for example, Water is used as a liquid for partial cooling of the metal surfaces or as a solvent medium 6o for the lubricant composition.

The selected product or mixture e.g. in different proportions of the selected products according to formula (2) above, undiluted z. B. atomized or dispersed or dissolved in any ratio in 65 water. The application can take place either directly in the pick-up device immediately before the fall of the parison or directly into the molds the moment they are opened before the glass is introduced. The

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Applying the corresponding products according to the invention can also be done directly by hand into the interior of the molds at the moment they are opened, if this is expedient.

To obtain lubricant compositions, a single product or mixtures of two or more products according to formula (2) above, e.g. be prepared in the form of aqueous solutions or dispersed in water in all proportions which are suitable, preferably to facilitate the transport, handling or atomization. In one embodiment of the invention, the products of formula (2) with a molecular weight e.g. Between 374 and 8,800, depending on the operating requirements that are inherent in every plant for the production of glass molds and on the temperatures used and the quality of the glass to be converted, a single tertiary polyamine is selected which contains R 22 carbon atoms in the aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical, and up to 5 atoms of nitrogen condensed with 40 to 140 ethylene or propylene oxide radicals, preferably with 50 to 80 ethylene or propylene oxide molecules, for example with 70 ethylene oxide molecules. According to another embodiment, however, a mixture of two or more tertiary polyamines of the formula (2) can also be used, which can simultaneously contain polyamines of the formula (2) in which x has the value zero and the sum n + nj + n2 + n3 is 3, or in which the values of x are 4 or 5 and the sum n + nt + n2 + n3 is 3.

It is advantageous to use polyamines of the formula (2), alone or mixed with one another, which have aliphatic or aromatic chains which contain 12 to 22 carbon atoms. This allows balanced or complementary mixtures between the low and high molecular weight components as well as e.g. between fully saturated and most unsaturated components. In a further embodiment of the invention, only one of the products of the formula (2) can be applied as a lubricant for special applications and at lower temperatures, such as may be present in certain conversions of glass objects. However, it is also possible to use mixtures of polyamines of the formula (2) which, in addition to the lubricating properties, can also have a cleaning action.

The connection, i.e. Combination of several oxy-alkylated tertiary polyamines of formula (2) with one another, e.g. avoids not only inconsistencies and phase separations, as have been known in the lubricant compositions used to date. In certain cases, however, there may also be compositions that wet metal and glass as effectively and can be evenly distributed over the surfaces at any temperature, starting with the introduction of the parison into the transducer, i.e. where the glass melt can have the highest temperature until the final demolding of the glass object. The invention is explained in more detail below in examples in connection with the use in various plants for the production of glass objects.

Example I

At the entrance of a sensor, into which a parison falls at a temperature of approximately 1050 C every 15 seconds, a liquid composition was sprayed with an atomizing nozzle about 5 seconds before the melted glass fell, that is to say in a cycle of 15 to 15 seconds, which contained 70 parts by weight of the condensation product from 1324 parts of ethylene oxide to 417 parts of N-stearylamino-NN-di-propyldiamino-propylamine and 30 parts by weight of demineralized water. The atomization of the product caused no annoying smoke development when the parison fell and glided, with the exception of some water vapor, in contrast to a previously used known product, which had the reputation of good lubrication, but its use required ventilation of the immediate surroundings.

After 240 drops of glass, that is after an hour's work under the test conditions, the metal surface of the transfer chute was still free of carbon deposits, and the parison shape did not need the manual drying that had previously been necessary every ten minutes.

Example II

At the entrance of a mother or preform, the inner wall of which had an average temperature of 400 to 450 ° C, a lubricant composition was sprayed with the help of a mechanism attached and adapted to the machine, which contained 23 parts by weight of the condensation product from 132 parts of ethylene oxide to 308 parts of N. -Stearylamino-propylene amine, 27 parts by weight of the condensation product from 528 parts of ethylene oxide to 308 parts of N-stearylamino-propylene amine and 50 parts by weight of the condensation product from 2,200 parts of ethylene oxide to 343 parts of N-dodezylamino-NN-di-propylamino-propylene amine .

This lubricant composition was introduced into the mother mold approximately every 12 seconds, approximately 3 seconds before the arrival of any parison that had an average temperature of 980 ° C. It was found that after 80 minutes of operation, i.e. after molding 400 blanks under the test conditions, the inside surface of the mold only needed a quick manual drying to get its initial cleanliness, while with the previously known lubrication products used before this test, the mold was hand-dried about every 20 minutes had to. Furthermore, no annoying smoke escaped from the mold, in contrast to the findings with the lubricants known to date.

Example III

On the same equipment that had been used to test Example I and was lubricated with a commercially available composition at the entrance to the receiver, the mother form lubricant containing mineral oils and suspended graphite was replaced with a lubricant composition containing 31.5 parts by weight the condensation product of 1,160 parts of propylene oxide to 422 parts of N-stearylamino-NN-dipropylamino-propylene amine, 29.5 parts by weight of the condensation product of 792 parts of propylene oxide to 288 parts of N-dodezylamino-N-propylamino-propylene amine and Contained 39 parts of the condensation product from 3 520 parts of ethylene oxide to 421 parts of N-oleylamino-NN-dipropylamino-propylene amine. This lubricant composition was applied to the inner surfaces of the open mold by atomization with the machine-controlled atomizer as soon as the previous blank was removed and before the next glass parison arrived.

This mother mold was hand cleaned and dried after 35 to 50 demoldings to remove contaminants from burnt oil and graphite when such a known lubricant composition was used. The use of the product after

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The invention not only made it possible to remove the deposits which had formed after 25 atomizations and demouldings, but also only had to dry the mold after 300 consecutive molding cycles.

The above examples, the formulations of which

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are by no means restrictive, the improvements for solving the lubrication problems that are posed when shaping glass objects are clearly shown with the help of products and compositions according to the invention.

Claims (3)

631 423 PATENT CLAIMS 1. A method of lubricating transfer and / or forming surfaces when molding molten glass, in which a lubricant is applied to the transfer and / or or shaping surfaces is applied before the introduction of the molten glass to be deformed, characterized in that at least one tertiary polyamine of the general formula R-N- I. (M) -H (A0) nl-H (CH2) 3-N (A0) "2-K (CHjJJ-N (A0) n3-H in which R is an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical with 12 to 22 carbon atoms, x is zero or an integer, even or odd number from 1 to 5, AO is an ethyleneoxy radical -CH2-CH2-0- or a propyleneoxy radical -CH2-CH2-CH2-0- and n, n1; n2 and n3 is an integer, even or odd number whose sum n + ni + n2 + n3 is 3 or higher than 3 and / or one of the terms n, nj, n2, n3 is zero, is applied to the surfaces. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a mixture of several tertiary polyamines is applied. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more tertiary polyamines individually or mixed together, undiluted or dissolved or applied as a water dispersion.