CH628409A5

CH628409A5 - Method for constructing frameworks and frameworks thus obtained

Info

Publication number: CH628409A5
Application number: CH891878A
Authority: CH
Inventors: A Renonce A Etre Mentionne Inventeur
Original assignee: Fracilor Sa
Priority date: 1978-08-23
Filing date: 1978-08-23
Publication date: 1982-02-26

Abstract

The object of this method is to allow the construction of frameworks comprising plates or metal sheets significantly contributing to the strength of the assembly. It uses plates (1) made from sheet metal, plastics, asbestos cement, each of which comprises, parallel to two of its sides, at least one continuous corrugation (2), the generatrices of which are rectilinear and the profile of which is that of an arc or more than 180 DEG . A relatively rigid element (5), whose outer shape is matched to the internal profile of this corrugation (2) and which forms part of the permanent framework, is slipped onto at least part of this corrugation (2) and is locked inside the latter. <IMAGE>

Description

**ATTENTION** debut du champ DESC peut contenir fin de CLMS **. ** ATTENTION ** start of the DESC field may contain end of CLMS **.

REVENDICATIONS 1. Procédé de construction de charpentes comportant des plaques, dont chacune comprend, parallèlement à deux de ses côtés, au moins une ondulation continue dont les génératrices sont rectilignes et dont le profil est celui d'un arc de plus de 1800, caractérisé en ce qu'on enfile, sur au moins une partie de la longueur de cette ondulation, et qu'on bloque à l'intérieur de celle-ci un élément rigide dont la forme extérieure est adaptée au profil intérieur de cette ondulation. CLAIMS 1. A method of constructing frames comprising plates, each of which comprises, parallel to two of its sides, at least one continuous corrugation whose generatrices are rectilinear and whose profile is that of an arc of more than 1800, characterized in that that is threaded over at least part of the length of this corrugation, and that a rigid element is blocked inside thereof, the external shape of which is adapted to the internal profile of this corrugation.

2. Plaque pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1, munie de profils d'agrafage conjugués sur deux côtés parallèles, caractérisée en ce que la plaque comprend, parallèlement aux profils conjugués, au moins deux ondulations et/ou que les profils conjugués sont agencés pour réaliser deux par deux l'ondulation. 2. Plate for implementing the method according to claim 1, provided with conjugated stapling profiles on two parallel sides, characterized in that the plate comprises, parallel to the conjugated profiles, at least two corrugations and / or that the profiles conjugates are arranged to carry out the ripple two by two.

3. Plaque selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la plaque comprend au moins deux ondulations et que l'écart entre chaque profil d'agrafage et l'ondulation voisine est égal à la moitié de l'écart entre les ondulations. 3. Plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the plate comprises at least two corrugations and that the difference between each stapling profile and the neighboring corrugation is equal to half the difference between the corrugations.

4. Plaque selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée en tôle, matière plastique ou amianteciment. 4. Plate according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it is made of sheet metal, plastic or asbestos-cement.

5. Charpente, caractérisée en ce qu'elle résulte de la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1. 5. Framework, characterized in that it results from the implementation of the method according to claim 1.

L'invention est relative aux procédés de construction des charpentes, notamment des charpentes métalliques. On entend ici par charpentes les parois utilisées dans le bâtiment et les travaux publics, notamment les toitures, les murs, les bardages et parois analogues. The invention relates to methods of constructing frames, in particular metal frames. The term “framework” is understood to mean the walls used in building and public works, in particular roofs, walls, cladding and the like.

On sait qu'il existe des tôles minces, généralement galvanisées, dont l'épaisseur est comprise entre 0,75 et 1 mm, voire supérieure et qui comprennent, prallèlement à deux de leurs côtés, au moins une ondulation continue dont les génératrices sont rectilignes et dont le profil est celui d'un arc de plus de 1800 (arc outrepassé). Le long des deux côtés en question, certaines de ces tôles sont munies de profils emboîtants conjugués qui leur permettent d'être agrafées deux à deux. We know that there are thin sheets, generally galvanized, whose thickness is between 0.75 and 1 mm, or even greater and which include, prallally to two of their sides, at least one continuous corrugation whose generatrices are rectilinear and whose profile is that of an arc of more than 1800 (arch exceeded). Along these two sides, some of these sheets are fitted with interlocking interlocking profiles which allow them to be stapled two by two.

Il semble que ces tôles aient été utilisées jusqu'ici surtout pour constituer des coffrages perdus qui servent à la mise en oeuvre du béton armé. On met alors à profit l'augmentation d'adhérence de tels coffrages avec le béton, cette augmentation étant due à la présence des ondulations dont la forme permet en outre de suspendre des éléments légers (appareils d'éclairage, canalisations diverses, faux plafonds, etc.). Dans ces utilisations connues, les tôles en question ne contribuent pas ou ne contribuent que faiblement à la résistance mécanique de la structure à laquelle elles sont incorporées. It seems that these sheets have been used so far especially to constitute lost formwork which is used for the implementation of reinforced concrete. We then take advantage of the increase in adhesion of such formwork with concrete, this increase being due to the presence of corrugations whose shape also makes it possible to suspend light elements (lighting fixtures, various pipes, false ceilings, etc.). In these known uses, the sheets in question do not contribute or contribute only slightly to the mechanical strength of the structure in which they are incorporated.

L'invention a pour but de créer un procédé de construction des charpentes tel qu'il élargisse le champ d'application de ces tôles ou plaques tout en permettant à celles-ci de contribuer notablement à la résistance mécanique des charpentes ainsi construites. The object of the invention is to create a method of constructing frameworks such that it widens the field of application of these sheets or plates while allowing them to contribute significantly to the mechanical strength of the frameworks thus constructed.

Pour atteindre ce but, le procédé de construction des charpentes conforme à l'invention, qui utilise des plaques dont chacune comprend, parallèlement à deux de ses côtés, au moins une ondulation continue dont les génératrices sont rectilignes et dont le profil est celui d'un arc de plus de 1800, est caractérisé en ce qu'on enfile, sur au moins une partie de la longueur de cette ondulation, et qu'on bloque à l'intérieur de celle-ci un élément rigide dont la forme extérieure est adaptée au profil intérieur de cette ondulation. To achieve this object, the method of constructing frames according to the invention, which uses plates, each of which comprises, parallel to two of its sides, at least one continuous corrugation whose generatrices are rectilinear and whose profile is that of an arc of more than 1800, is characterized in that one threads, over at least a part of the length of this corrugation, and that inside it is blocked a rigid element whose external shape is adapted to the interior profile of this ripple.

Par ondulation dont le profil est celui d'un arc de plus de 1800 , on entend une ondulation dont le profil est semi-fermé et dont la directrice est courbe, polygonale (en queue d'aronde par exemple) ou mixtiligne, le profil courbe semblant toutefois préférable au point de vue de la facilité de fabrication. By ripple whose profile is that of an arc of more than 1800, we mean a ripple whose profile is semi-closed and whose director is curved, polygonal (dovetail for example) or mixtilinear, the curved profile seeming preferable, however, from the point of view of ease of manufacture.

Cet élément rigide peut soit être dès l'origine l'un des éléments constitutifs de la charpente, soit être rapporté ultérieurenient sur celle-ci; il peut avoir un profil plein ou creux (notamment un profil tubulaire ou en forme de rigole). Il peut être bloqué à l'intérieur de l'ondulation par un coulis de scellement, par collage, ou par boulonnage ou rivetage avec serrage sur une contre-plaque qui peut elle-même faire partie de la charpente. This rigid element can either be from the outset one of the constituent elements of the frame, or be added later on it; it may have a full or hollow profile (in particular a tubular or channel-shaped profile). It can be blocked inside the corrugation by a grout, by gluing, or by bolting or riveting with tightening on a counter-plate which can itself be part of the frame.

L'invention a également pour objet les charpentes résultant de la mise en oeuvre du procédé défini ci-dessus ainsi que les plaques servant à la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé. The subject of the invention is also the frameworks resulting from the implementation of the method defined above as well as the plates used for the implementation of this method.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation, une telle plaque, munie de profils d'agrafage conjugués sur ses deux côtés parallèles aux ondulations, est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend, parallèlement aux profils conjugés au moins deux ondulations. According to a first embodiment, such a plate, provided with stapling profiles conjugated on its two sides parallel to the corrugations, is characterized in that it comprises, parallel to the profiles conjugated at least two corrugations.

Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, la susdite plaque, munie de profils d'agrafage conjugués sur deux côtés parallèles, est caractérisée en ce que ces profils conjugués sont agencés pour réaliser deux par deux l'ondulation. According to a second embodiment, the aforementioned plate, provided with stapling profiles conjugated on two parallel sides, is characterized in that these conjugated profiles are arranged to produce the corrugation in pairs.

L'invention va être maintenant décrite plus en détail à l'aide des dessins annexés. The invention will now be described in more detail using the accompanying drawings.

La fig. 1 illustre, par une vue schématique en perspective, le procédé de construction conforme à l'invention. Fig. 1 illustrates, in a schematic perspective view, the construction method according to the invention.

La fig. 2 illustre une variante de la fig. 1. Fig. 2 illustrates a variant of FIG. 1.

Les fig. 3 à 6 montrent en coupe transversale quatre assemblages différents entre plaque ondulée et élément constitutif de charpente. Figs. 3 to 6 show in cross section four different assemblies between corrugated plate and structural member.

Ainsi qu'il ressort de la fig. 1, le procédé conforme à l'invention utilise des plaques 1, généralement en tôle; deux plaques 1 complètes et une moitié de plaque sont représentées sur cette figure. Chacune de ces plaques 1 comprend, parallèlement à deux de ses côtés, deux (ou plus de deux) ondulations 2 dont les génératrices sont rectilignes et dont le profil est celui d'un arc de plus de 1800. Le long des deux côtés en question, ces plaques sont munies de profils emboîtants 3 et 4, conjugués l'un par rapport à l'autre, qui leur permettent d'être agrafées deux à deux, de la manière visible en deux endroits de la fig. 1. As can be seen in FIG. 1, the process according to the invention uses plates 1, generally made of sheet metal; two complete plates 1 and one half of a plate are shown in this figure. Each of these plates 1 comprises, parallel to two of its sides, two (or more than two) corrugations 2 whose generatrices are rectilinear and whose profile is that of an arc of more than 1800. Along the two sides in question , these plates are provided with interlocking profiles 3 and 4, conjugate with respect to each other, which allow them to be stapled two by two, in a visible manner in two places in FIG. 1.

Selon l'invention, on enfile, sur au moins une partie de la longueur de toutes les ondulations 2, ou d'une certaine proportion de ces dernières, et on bloque à l'intérieur de celles-ci un élément relativement rigide 5 dont la forme extérieure est adaptée au profil intérieur des ondulations 2 et qui fait partie de la charpente définitive. According to the invention, over at least part of the length of all the corrugations 2, or a certain proportion thereof, are threaded, and a relatively rigid element 5 is blocked inside of them, the external shape is adapted to the internal profile of the corrugations 2 and which is part of the final frame.

A titre indicatif, la fig. 1 représente l'application de ce procédé à la construction d'une charpente de toiture, les plaques 1 étant alors utilisées à la fois comme panneaux de couverture et comme éléments structurels de la charpente. Cette dernière comprend des poutrelles métalliques en treillis, telles que 6 et 7, dont l'élément 5 constitue la semelle supérieure. As an indication, fig. 1 represents the application of this method to the construction of a roof structure, the plates 1 then being used both as roofing panels and as structural elements of the structure. The latter comprises metal lattice beams, such as 6 and 7, the element 5 of which constitutes the upper sole.

Dans ce cas, chaque élément 5 a un profil tubulaire approximativement elliptique dont le grand axe est placé horizontalement tandis que le profil de chaque ondulation 2 est celui d'un arc d'ellipse a de plus de 1800 (voir la fig. 3) qui est raccordé au plan général de la plaque 1 par deux arcs symétriques b assimilables à des arcs de cercle. In this case, each element 5 has an approximately elliptical tubular profile whose major axis is placed horizontally while the profile of each undulation 2 is that of an elliptical arc a of more than 1800 (see FIG. 3) which is connected to the general plane of the plate 1 by two symmetrical arcs b comparable to arcs of a circle.

La fig. 1 illustre deux phases successives du procédé, l'élé- ment 5 de la poutrelle 6 n'étant engagé qu'en partie dans l'ondulation 2 correspondante tandis que l'élément 5 de la poutrelle 7 est engagé à fond dans son ondulation 2. Fig. 1 illustrates two successive phases of the process, the element 5 of the beam 6 being engaged only in part in the corresponding corrugation 2 while the element 5 of the beam 7 is fully engaged in its corrugation 2 .

Selon le mode de réalisation de la fig. 1, L'écart entre chaque profil d'agrafage 3 ou 4 et l'ondulation 2 la plus According to the embodiment of FIG. 1, The gap between each stapling profile 3 or 4 and the wavy 2 most

proche est égal à la moitié de l'écart c entre les ondulations 2, de façon que toutes les-ondulations 2 se répètent suivant le même écart sur la charpente. close is equal to half of the difference c between the corrugations 2, so that all the corrugations 2 are repeated according to the same difference on the frame.

Selon une variante du mode de réalisation de la fig. I qui est illustrée à la fig. 2, les profils emboîtants désignés ici par 3a et 4a sont conçus de façon à réaliser ensemble une ondulation 2a de même profil intérieur que les ondulations 2 et pouvant donc remplir la même fonction que celles-ci. Dans ce cas, les ondulations pourraient n'être formées qu'aux bords de la plaque 1, en méme temps que les profils d'agrafage 3a et 4a, contrairement à ce qui est représenté à la fig. 2. According to a variant of the embodiment of FIG. I which is illustrated in FIG. 2, the interlocking profiles designated here by 3a and 4a are designed so as to produce together a corrugation 2a with the same internal profile as the corrugations 2 and therefore capable of fulfilling the same function as the latter. In this case, the corrugations could be formed only at the edges of the plate 1, at the same time as the stapling profiles 3a and 4a, contrary to what is shown in FIG. 2.

La fig. 3 représente en coupe, à plus grande échelle, une ondulation 2 de la plaque 1 de l'une des fig. 1 et 2 et le haut de l'une des poutrelles 6 ou 7 dont l'âme 8 peut être soit en treillis, comme aux fig. 1 et 2, soit pleine. L'élément ou semelle 5 peut être fixé par collage à l'intérieur de l'ondulation 2. Fig. 3 shows in section, on a larger scale, a corrugation 2 of the plate 1 of one of FIGS. 1 and 2 and the top of one of the beams 6 or 7, the core 8 of which can either be a trellis, as in FIGS. 1 and 2, either full. The element or sole 5 can be fixed by gluing inside the corrugation 2.

Le mode de réalisation de la fig. 4 ne diffère de celui de la fig. 3 que par le remplacement de l'élément 5, de profil tubulaire, par un élément équivalent 5a dont le profil a la forme d'une rigole ouverte vers le sommet de l'ondulation 2. The embodiment of FIG. 4 does not differ from that of FIG. 3 only by replacing the element 5, of tubular profile, with an equivalent element 5a, the profile of which has the form of a channel open towards the top of the corrugation 2.

Le mode de réalisation de la fig. 5 diffère de celui de la fig. 3 par le fait que l'élément tubulaire 5 porte une série de boulons parallèles 9, dont un seul est visible et qui permettent de serrer, à l'aide d'un écrou 10 chacun, une contre-plaque Il. Les boulons 9 peuvent servir à boulonner la plaque 1 sur la charpente ou la contre-plaque 1 1 peut aussi être un élément constitutif de la charpente. The embodiment of FIG. 5 differs from that of FIG. 3 by the fact that the tubular element 5 carries a series of parallel bolts 9, only one of which is visible and which make it possible to tighten, using a nut 10 each, a counter plate II. The bolts 9 can be used to bolt the plate 1 to the frame or the counter plate 1 1 can also be a constituent element of the frame.

Le mode de réalisation de la fig. 6 comprend l'élément 5a à profil en rigole de la fig. 4 et le boulon 9 et la contre-plaque il de la fig. 5. The embodiment of FIG. 6 comprises the element 5a with a channel profile of FIG. 4 and the bolt 9 and the counter plate there of fig. 5.

De toute façon , on donne de préférence à la plaque 1 les dimensions suivantes (voir la fig. 1): largeur 1:450 à 1200 mm; écart c entre ondulations 2: 150 à 250 mm; largeur d'entrée d des ondulations 2: 35 à 40 mm; largeur intérieure maximale e des ondulations 2: 40 à 60 mm; hauteur totale h des ondulations 2: 35 à 45 mm. In any case, the plate 1 is preferably given the following dimensions (see fig. 1): width 1: 450 to 1200 mm; gap c between corrugations 2: 150 to 250 mm; entry width d of corrugations 2: 35 to 40 mm; maximum internal width of corrugations 2: 40 to 60 mm; total height h of the corrugations 2: 35 to 45 mm.

Le cas échéant, les plaques 1 peuvent être munies de nervures de raidissement dans leurs parties comprises entre les ondulations 2 ou entre les profils d'agrafage 3,4 ou 3a, 4a et l'ondulation voisine. Where appropriate, the plates 1 can be provided with stiffening ribs in their parts between the corrugations 2 or between the stapling profiles 3,4 or 3a, 4a and the neighboring corrugation.

Quel que soit le mode de réalisation adopté, on obtient une charpente à la résistance mécanique de laquelle les plaques I contribuent notablement, ainsi qu'il ressort de l'examen de la fig. I ou de la fig. 2. L'invention a en outre pour avantage, sur les toitures non porteuses, de fournir, au droit des ondulations 2, des lignes de résistance sur lesquelles il est possible d'appuyer des éléments provisoires ou définitifs. Le vide laissé par le profil tubulaire ou en rigole de l'élément 5 ou 5a peut être rempli d'une manière telle qu'un coulis de ciment ou un béton pour augmenter la résistance à la compression. Il est à souligner que le mode d'assemblage entre les plaques 1 et les poutrelles 6 ou 7 supprime la nécessité de percer les plaques 1 pour le passage d'organes de fixation (boulons ou autres) et les risques de défauts d'étanchéité et de corrosion liés à de tels perçages. Whatever the embodiment adopted, a framework is obtained for the mechanical strength of which the plates I contribute significantly, as appears from the examination of FIG. I or fig. 2. The invention also has the advantage, on non-load-bearing roofs, of providing, in line with the corrugations 2, resistance lines on which it is possible to press provisional or definitive elements. The void left by the tubular or channel profile of element 5 or 5a can be filled in such a way as a cement grout or concrete to increase the compressive strength. It should be emphasized that the method of assembly between the plates 1 and the beams 6 or 7 eliminates the need to pierce the plates 1 for the passage of fasteners (bolts or the like) and the risks of leaks and corrosion related to such holes.

Bien que la fig. 1 représente plus particulièrement l'application de l'invention à une charpente de toiture, il va de soi que l'invention peut s'appliquer tout aussi bien à la construction de parois verticales de bâtiments industriels ou autres éléments de travaux publics. Although fig. 1 shows more particularly the application of the invention to a roof structure, it goes without saying that the invention can be applied just as well to the construction of vertical walls of industrial buildings or other elements of public works.

Claims

1. A method of constructing frames comprising plates, each of which comprises, parallel to two of its sides, at least one continuous corrugation whose generatrices are rectilinear and whose profile is that of an arc of more than 1800, characterized in that that is threaded over at least part of the length of this corrugation, and that a rigid element is blocked inside thereof, the external shape of which is adapted to the internal profile of this corrugation.

2. Plate for implementing the method according to claim 1, provided with conjugated stapling profiles on two parallel sides, characterized in that the plate comprises, parallel to the conjugated profiles, at least two corrugations and / or that the profiles conjugates are arranged to carry out the ripple two by two.

3. Plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the plate comprises at least two corrugations and that the difference between each stapling profile and the neighboring corrugation is equal to half the difference between the corrugations.

4. Plate according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it is made of sheet metal, plastic or asbestos-cement.

5. Framework, characterized in that it results from the implementation of the method according to claim 1.

The invention relates to methods of constructing frames, in particular metal frames. The term “framework” is understood to mean the walls used in building and public works, in particular roofs, walls, cladding and the like.

We know that there are thin sheets, generally galvanized, whose thickness is between 0.75 and 1 mm, or even greater and which include, prallally to two of their sides, at least one continuous corrugation whose generatrices are rectilinear and whose profile is that of an arc of more than 1800 (arch exceeded). Along these two sides, some of these sheets are fitted with interlocking interlocking profiles which allow them to be stapled two by two.

It seems that these sheets have been used so far especially to constitute lost formwork which is used for the implementation of reinforced concrete. We then take advantage of the increase in adhesion of such formwork with concrete, this increase being due to the presence of corrugations whose shape also makes it possible to suspend light elements (lighting fixtures, various pipes, false ceilings, etc.). In these known uses, the sheets in question do not contribute or contribute only slightly to the mechanical strength of the structure in which they are incorporated.

The object of the invention is to create a method of constructing frameworks such that it widens the field of application of these sheets or plates while allowing them to contribute significantly to the mechanical strength of the frameworks thus constructed.

To achieve this object, the method of constructing frames according to the invention, which uses plates, each of which comprises, parallel to two of its sides, at least one continuous corrugation whose generatrices are rectilinear and whose profile is that of an arc of more than 1800, is characterized in that one threads, over at least part of the length of this corrugation, and that inside it is blocked a rigid element whose external shape is adapted to the interior profile of this undulation.

By ripple whose profile is that of an arc of more than 1800, we mean a ripple whose profile is semi-closed and whose director is curved, polygonal (dovetail for example) or mixtilinear, the curved profile seeming preferable, however, from the point of view of ease of manufacture.

This rigid element can either be from the outset one of the constituent elements of the frame, or be added later on it; it may have a full or hollow profile (in particular a tubular or channel-shaped profile). It can be blocked inside the corrugation by a grout, by gluing, or by bolting or riveting with tightening on a counter-plate which can itself be part of the frame.

The subject of the invention is also the frameworks resulting from the implementation of the method defined above as well as the plates used for the implementation of this method.

According to a first embodiment, such a plate, provided with stapling profiles conjugated on its two sides parallel to the corrugations, is characterized in that it comprises, parallel to the profiles conjugated at least two corrugations.

According to a second embodiment, the aforementioned plate, provided with stapling profiles conjugated on two parallel sides, is characterized in that these conjugated profiles are arranged to produce the corrugation in pairs.

The invention will now be described in more detail using the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 illustrates, in a schematic perspective view, the construction method according to the invention.

Fig. 2 illustrates a variant of FIG. 1.

Figs. 3 to 6 show in cross section four different assemblies between corrugated plate and structural member.

As can be seen in FIG. 1, the process according to the invention uses plates 1, generally made of sheet metal; two complete plates 1 and one half of a plate are shown in this figure. Each of these plates 1 comprises, parallel to two of its sides, two (or more than two) corrugations 2 whose generatrices are rectilinear and whose profile is that of an arc of more than 1800. Along the two sides in question , these plates are provided with interlocking profiles 3 and 4, conjugate with respect to each other, which allow them to be stapled two by two, in a visible manner in two places in FIG. 1.

According to the invention, over at least part of the length of all the corrugations 2, or a certain proportion thereof, are threaded, and a relatively rigid element 5 is blocked inside of them, the external shape is adapted to the internal profile of the corrugations 2 and which is part of the final frame.

As an indication, fig. 1 represents the application of this method to the construction of a roof structure, the plates 1 then being used both as roofing panels and as structural elements of the structure. The latter comprises metal lattice beams, such as 6 and 7, the element 5 of which constitutes the upper sole.

In this case, each element 5 has an approximately elliptical tubular profile whose major axis is placed horizontally while the profile of each undulation 2 is that of an elliptical arc a of more than 1800 (see FIG. 3) which is connected to the general plane of the plate 1 by two symmetrical arcs b comparable to arcs of a circle.

Fig. 1 illustrates two successive phases of the process, the element 5 of the beam 6 being engaged only in part in the corresponding corrugation 2 while the element 5 of the beam 7 is fully engaged in its corrugation 2 .

According to the embodiment of FIG. 1, The gap between each stapling profile 3 or 4 and the wavy 2 most

** ATTENTION ** end of the CLMS field may contain start of DESC **.