CH623076A5 - - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a liquid detergent which has good activity and is also easy to store, and in particular has no tendency to gel.

Previously known liquid detergents generally have the disadvantage that their viscosity increases when they are sufficiently effective and that they ultimately form a gel when stored.

It has now surprisingly succeeded in producing a liquid detergent which has the advantages mentioned, by selecting suitable constituents and using them in suitable proportions. In addition, the detergents according to the invention can generally be readily biodegraded and have a low toxicity.

The present invention relates to a liquid detergent, which is characterized in that it comprises 25-35% by weight of a mixture

(1) at least one water-soluble salt of a sulfonating

3rd

623076

ten olefins with 12-18 carbon atoms as the only olefin sulfonate present in the detergent, this olefin sulfonate can contain up to 20% by weight of vinylidene olefin sulfonate, and

(2) either a water-soluble salt of an ethoxylated alkyl sulfonate with 10-18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and 1-5 ethylene oxide groups per molecule, or a diethanolamide of an alkane carboxylic acid with 12-14 carbon atoms, or a mixture of this diethanolamide with up to 25 % By weight of a monoethanol amide of an alkane-carboxylic acid having 12-14 carbon atoms, in which case

that component (2) is diethanolamide, in the mixture the weight ratio of (1) to (2) in the range of

3: 1 to 1: 1 lies, as well

(3) an auxiliary which contains 15 a) 1.5-10% by weight of a tertiary amine oxide serving as a foam improver of the formula

Rr

R-2 1 ^ N1

R3

Page 4 of the patent are specified. The most important publication in British Patent 1,321,637 is Composition 7, which is not part of the published invention but is merely a comparative composition. These mixtures are to be regarded as mild detergents and have proven to be particularly suitable for washing dishes or washing fine fabrics. A preferred liquid detergent is characterized in that it contains a ternary mixture of surfactants dispersed in an aqueous medium, these mixtures consisting essentially of (a) an a-olefin sulfonate salt, in particular the sodium salt, having 14 to 16 carbon atoms, ( b) a salt, in particular the ammonium salt of an alkyl ethoxamer sulfate, that is to say the monosulfate of an ethoxylation product of an alkanol having 12 to 15 carbon atoms and 3 ethenoxy groups per alkanol unit, and (c) a tertiary amine oxide of the general formula

R \

20 R - N -> 0

/

R_.

25th

in which

Ri is an alkyl group with 10-20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group with 10-20 carbon atoms or a mono-hydroxyalkyl group with 10-20 carbon atoms,

R2 and R3 either independently represent a methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl group 30 or

R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded together with an oxygen atom, which represent morpholino group, or b) 1-10% by weight of a diethanolamide of an alkane carboxylic acid with 10 to 18 carbon atoms or of an ethoxylated monoethanol amide Fatty acid with 8 to 18 carbon atoms or mixtures of the two with one another and / or with a monoethanol amide of a fatty acid with 8 to 18 carbon atoms or 4o c) 1-8% by weight of a water-soluble salt of an aliphatic organic sulfonic acid with 1- 4 carbon atoms or a mixture of two or more of components a), b) and c), with the proviso that if the detergent contains as component (2) said alkyl sulfonate and as an auxiliary said amine oxide that Weight ratio of component (1) to (2) in the range from 1.4: 1 to 0.9: 1 is that if the detergent as component (2) said alkyl sulfonate and as auxiliary medium contains said alkanolamide, the weight ratio of component (1) to component (2) in the range of 1.4: 1

to 0.9: 1 and the weight ratio of components (1 + 2) to alkanolamide b) is in the range from 40: 1 to 4: 1, and that if the detergent as component (2) contains the diethanolamide of alkane carboxylic acid, the Aid to be omitted, or which is the aid defined under c), contains in an aqueous medium.

The disclaimers are necessary with regard to the prior art, reference being made to British Patents 1 194 745 and 1 321 637. t> o

Since Belgian Patent 759,283 and Italian Patent 915,779 correspond to British Patent 1,321,637 and were issued before April 9, 1973, the priority date of this application, the publications in the British patents must be prior art to this 65 patent application be taken into account. The most important publication in British Patent 1 194175 seems to be the comparative data for Examples 1 and 2, which in the Ri have a higher alkyl group with 10 to 20 and preferably 12 to 18 C atoms, and R2 and R3 each have an alkyl or Hydroxyalkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or together with the nitrogen atom connected to the oxygen form a heterocyclic morpholino group.

, CH,

CH,

CH fl

CH.

N—> O

included, the weight ratio of (a) to (b) 1.4: 1 to 0.9: 1 and preferably 1.3: 1 to 1.1: 1 and the weight ratios of (a) and (b) to (c) generally 20: 1 to 3: 1 and preferably 15: 1 to 3.5: 1. These detergent mixtures are of excellent effectiveness, as can be seen, for example, from the foam action, the foam properties, the detergency, the biodegradability, the shelf life, the low toxicity, the desired viscosity, the low gel formation and the rapid redissolution of a gel which may have formed.

Another preferred liquid detergent is characterized in that it contains a ternary mixture of surfactants dispersed in an aqueous medium, which essentially consists of a mixture of (a) a-olefin sulfonate salts, in particular sodium salts, having 14 to 16 carbon atoms , (b) ammonium salts of an alkyl ethoxamer sulfate, i.e. a monosulfate of an ethoxylation product of an alkanol with 12 to 15 C atoms and three ethenoxy groups per alkanol unit, and (c) an alkanol amide with 12 to 14 C atoms, namely a diethanolamide, an ethoxylated monoethanol amide or a mixture of diethanolamides and monoethanolamides, the weight ratio of (a) to (b) 1.4: 1 to 0.9: 1, preferably 1.3: 1 to 1.1: 1 and the weight ratios of (a ) to (c) 30: 1 to 2: 1 and preferably 10: 1 to 3: 1 and the weight ratios of (a) and (b) to (c) 40: 1 to 4: 1 and preferably 30: 1 to 5 : 1 amount. These detergent mixtures are also notable for their good effectiveness, which is derived, for example, from the foam effect, the foam properties, the washing power, the biodegradability, the storability, the low toxicity, the desired viscosity and in particular

623076 4

the low gel formation and the rapid re-dissolution. If necessary, olefins can also be used as the starting material solution for any gel formed. used by cracking petroleum wax

An additional preferred liquid detergent has been obtained, or essentially pure, by polymer

characterized in that a sodium a-olefin sulfonate with a cation of ethylene produced a-olefins or olefins which were obtained on average from 14 to 16 carbon atoms, preferably ammonium 5 by dehydration of higher alcohols.

salts of ethoxylated alkyl sulfates, exposed to a C12 to Cw alkane, they have the above-mentioned average acid alkanolamide in the form of a monoethanol amide, a chain length and molecular weight distribution. About that

Diethanolamids, an ethoxylated monoethanol amide or, in addition, compounds can be used whose mixtures and a water-soluble salt with an aliphatic average carbon atom content are outside the range of monosulfonic acid with 1 to 4 carbon atoms dispersed in 10 14 to 16 carbon atoms , such as contains compounds with an aqueous medium, the weight ratio - 12,13,17 or 18 carbon atoms. The olefin sulfonates can be completely from olefin sulfonate to monosulfonate 16: 1 to 2: 1 and before or partly in the form of other water-soluble salts, except preferably 7: 1 to 3: 1, for example 4: 1. These are present in the sodium salt, such as potassium,

Mixtures show a greatly reduced gel formation and ammonium, mono-, di- or triethanolamine salts or their rapid redissolution of any 15 mixtures formed.

Gels in addition to excellent foam, detergency, as a preferred ethoxylated alkyl sulfate, the liquid

Degradability and viscosity properties. detergents added a compound that by Ethoxylie-

For the production of the detergent mixtures according to the invention of natural alcohol or synthetic by Ziegler

In particular, an olefin monosulfonate is suitable, or alcohols with 12 to 15 prepared by oxo processes

that the sulfonation product of an olefin mixture having about 75 20 C atoms was obtained with ethylene oxide and preferably up to 85% of straight-chain α-olefins (olefins of the formula present as the primary alcohol), so that this reaction product

R-CH = CH2, in which R denotes an aliphatic hydrocarbon - then sulfated group with formation of the monosulfonic acid), about 8 or 10 to 20% olefins, in which can be used, which then forms ammonium monosulfonate.

the olefinic bond is present in a vinylidene group (which is also neutralized. If appropriate, other olefins of the formula RC (= CH2) -R ', in which R 25 salts such as sodium or triethanolamine salts and R' aliphatic hydrocarbon groups with preferred be used; in addition, the ethoxylation

wise mean at least 4 carbon atoms) and about 5 to 12% products optionally have a higher degree of ethoxylation of internal olefins (for example having olefins of the formula (for example 1 to 5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkali

R-CH = CH-R ', in which R and R' aliphatic hydrocarbon).

mean groups of substances). Such olefin mixtures have, for example, the following chain lengths, preferably by polymerization of ethylene: 0.5% C10.33.6% C12.0.6% C13.61.1% Cu, with a Ziegler catalyst with formation a mixture of 0.1% C15.3.6% C16 and 0.4% over Cie; 39.9% C12.2.5% C13.51.9% of α-olefins of different chain lengths, where C14.1.4% Cu, 3.4% Ci6 and 0.1% over Ciö; 31.2% C12.1.8% C13, then a fraction of essentially Cu to Ci6-a-61.2% C14.1.6% C15 and 3.6% Cie; 0.8% Cu, 18.7% C12.24.2% Cu, olefins and a fraction with low molecular weight a-olefins 35 32.3% C14.20.0% C15 and 0.3% Cie. These alcohol sulfates show separated (for example with 6 and 8 carbon atoms) and the latter have an average content of 10 to 18 carbon atoms.

The third fraction dimerizes and then the first fraction. The third essential component is liquid washing

tion is combined with this latter fraction. added a compound that is either a higher one

Suitable olefin mixtures generally have tertiary alkylamine oxide or an alkanoic acid alkanolamide as an average of 14 to 15 (for example 14.2 to 14.7) carbon atoms. 40 foam inhibitors and / or a water-soluble organic

An olefin mixture which is less than 10% monosulfonate with 1 to 4 carbon atoms is particularly favorable. The amine oxides and

(such as less than 5% such as 2%) olefins with more than 16 alkylolamides improve the foam properties by

Contains carbon atoms. increase in volume and / or improvement in foam

The sulfonation of the olefins can with sulfur dioxide with stability in the presence of fatty dirt, while low partial pressure (for example at a partial pressure 45 at the same time the gel formation is reduced.

below about 100 mm Hg and preferably below about 25 mm adorn the lower aliphatic organic monosulfonates

Hg) are carried out. The SOs can be in gaseous form, the gel formation properties of aqueous liquids with undiluted, that is to say in a vacuum or together with a content of olefin sulfonates and alkanolamides or an inert diluent (for example air), amine oxides as foam improvers and, if appropriate, ether-

the. If necessary, it can also be in liquid form (with 50 xylated alkyl sulfates as further surfactants.

for example in solution in SO2 at a low temperature such as 0 ° C). The molar ratio of SO3 to ole- Suitable tertiary amine oxides as foam improver is usually about 1: 1 to 1.2: 1 and is preferably in the general formula R1R2R3N - O, in which Ri is less than 1.12: 1 such as about 1.05 to 1.1: 1. The reaction product originating from alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxyalkyl groups with 10 to 20 sulfonation groups can then, with 55 carbon atoms and R2 and Rj in each case methyl, ethyl, propyl, etha, a 10 to 15 mol percent excess of an aqueous noi- or mean propanol groups or in which R2 and R3 lye are mixed in order to neutralize the sulfonic acids together with the nitrogen associated with the oxygen. A morpholino group formed by atom opening through ring opening can be formed by heating. Suitable higher end hydrolysis of the alkyl groups as the main part of the reaction product are, for example, decyl, lauryl, myristyl, sultones present. The resulting 60 cetyl or stearyl groups and mixed alkyl groups from the product usually contain about 40 to 80% by weight and pre-coconut oil or tallow. The tertiary amine oxides can be obtained by preferably about 50 to 70% by weight of alkenyl sulfates, about 15 to 70 reactions of tertiary amines or polyethoxylated amine and preferably 20 to 40% by weight of hydroxyalkanesulfonates with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in and 5 to 12 % By weight of hydroxyalkane disulfonates and alkenedi approximately equimolar amounts are produced in a reactor which provides temperature sulfonates and also about 7 to 15% of so-called impurity stability. Preferred against sodium sulfate, free oil and sodium chloride. Such set, commercially available tertiary amine oxides are, for example, sulfonation processes are described, for example, in numerous wise bis (2-hydroxyethyl) cocoalkylamine oxide, bis (2-hydroxy patents from the years 1969 to 1971. ethyl) tallow alkylamine oxide and N-cocoalkyl -morpholine oxide.

5 623076

Close alkanoic acid alkanolamides as foam improvers is 1 to 8 and preferably 2 to 6% by weight, such as 4

the diethanolamides of alkanoic acids with 10 to 18 carb% by weight, since this amount is sufficient to reduce the tendency of such

To reduce atoms of matter, ethoxylated monoethanolamides and mixtures to form gel-like skins

Monoethanolamides of alkanoic acids with 8 to 18 and preferred and the redissolution of any gelatin formed

to improve 12 to 14 carbon atoms as well as mixtures of the above 5 forms. This shows a significant th diethanolamides and ethoxylated monoethanolamides advantage over the mixtures of the prior art,

a. The preferred alkanoic acids have the following chains - in which the gel formation can lead to clogging of the nozzles or length distribution: a maximum of 1% Cs to Cio, 71.2 ± 2% C12.27.8 can result in pouring out of the containers. For liquid detergents

± 2% C14 and maximum 1% Ci6. Ethoxylated monoethanolamides without a content of ethoxylated alkyl sulfates can be obtained by reacting 1 mol of the corresponding alk, general antigelling properties if the acid monoethanol amide with about 1 to 4 and preferably 1 weight ratio of olefin sulfonates to antigelling agents

Mole of ethylene oxide in the presence of a basic catalyst is 16: 1 to 2: 1, usually 7: 1 to 3: 1 and preferably 4: 1, as sodium hydroxide is prepared. The surfactant or the surfactant mixture and the other alkanoic acid diethanolamides used can be, for example, constituents such as foam improvers and / or antigelling agents by reacting about 1 mol of the alkanoic acid methyl ester I5 are usually in an aqueous medium with formation of more than 1 mol (for example with a Excess of 5 homogeneous liquid product dissolved. The aqueous medium up to 10%) diethanolamine in the presence of a basic Kataly- can only consist of water if the components all contain

sators such as sodium methylate and are sufficiently soluble or dispersible using heat; if necessary, will produce one. Mixture of water and a solubilizer such as

The alkanolamides, as foam improvers, generally mean, for example, C2- to Ca-monoalcohols, water-soluble salts, together with the detergent-active compounds, namely organic sulfonated or sulfated hydrotrope compounds.

Lich the mixture of olefin sulfonate and ethoxylated alkyl fertilizers or mixtures thereof. Suitable alcohol

sulfonates are used, the ethoxylated alkyl sulfonate in hole being, for example, propanol or isopropanol and

Liquid detergents containing C12 to Cw alkane acid, preferably ethanol. Suitable hydrotropic compounds are omitted rediethanolamides, in which case, for example, alkylarylsulfonates with up to 3 carbon atoms in the

Weight ratio of olefin sulfonates to alkanolamide 3: 1 alkyl group such as sodium, potassium or ammonium toluene,

is up to 1: 1 and preferably 3: 1 to 1.5: 1. xylene or cumene sulfonates. As organic sulfates with hydro-

If necessary, suitable tropical properties for liquid detergents can include sodium, potassium, ammonia,

Antigelling agents are added, namely water-soluble nium, mono-, di- or triethanolammonium salts from G> - to

Salts of an organic sulfonic acid, namely a monosul 30 c6 alkyl sulfates can be used.

fonic acid with 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Antigen used with preference The content of aqueous medium is usually 30 to 95

Detergents are sodium isethionate, trisodium sulfosuccinate and preferably 40 to 85% by weight of the total detergent,

or sodium allyl sulfonate. In addition to the sodium salts, the use of alcoholic solubilizers, if appropriate also the water-soluble potassium, ammonium, their concentration is generally 1 to 10 and above

Mono-, di- or triethanolammonium salts are used. 35 preferably 3 to 5% by weight, while the hydrotropic compounds

The antigelling agents are preferably added to the liquids in amounts of generally 0.5 to 10 and preferably detergents containing olefin sulfonates and alkanes 1 to 8% by weight, based in each case on the weight of the liquid.

Acid amides or amine oxides are used as foam improvers for laundry detergents.

regardless of whether or not ethoxylated alkyl sulfates are added. The addition of a suitable acid or a suitable one or not. Particularly good results are achieved with all alkaline compounds. The pH of the liquid can be achieved when ethoxylated alkyl sulfates are present in the detergent mixtures pH 6 to 8 are set, the preferred proportions mentioned are present.

The mixture of water-soluble olefin sulfonates and, in a preferred embodiment, the river-water-soluble alkyl ethoxamer sulfate salts comprises 25 to 35 sig detergents, 0.25 to 3 and preferably 1 to 2 wt% of a wt% of the total liquid detergent. 45 water-soluble substantive protein in order to reduce irritation of the preferred liquid detergents containing skin on fingers or hands of the consumer and a foam-improving agent is the preferred weight. From a chemical point of view, the proteins are low molecular weight ratios of olefin sulfonates to ethoxamer alkyl sulfates polypeptides, which are usually 1.4: 1 to 0.9: 1 and preferably 1.3: 1 to 1.1: 1 by hydrolysis of proteinaceous materials. lien such as human or animal hair, horn, skins, the content of tertiary amine oxides in which the 50 hooves, gelatin, collagen or the like are obtained. The liquid detergent contained in the surfactant mixture is 1.5. During the hydrolysis, the proteins are slowly converted into up to 10 and preferably 2 to 8% by weight, since this degrades a particular polypeptide and amino acids, namely better foam stability or an increased foam volume prolonged heating with acids such as pigs shows. In addition, the weight ratio of the ferric acid, or alkalis, such as, for example, sodium hydroxide, the sum of olefin sulfonates and ethoxamer alkyl sulfates to 5.3 or by treatment with enzymes, such as, for example, pepti-amine oxides, is generally in the range from 20: 1 to 3: 1 and the like. During the hydrolysis, first high molecular weight, preferably 15: 1 to 3.5: 1, is formed. Polypeptides that slowly

Similarly, the content of mixed AI and smaller polypeptides up to tripeptides, dipeptides

kansäurealkanolamiden be broken down into mixtures with the specified and finally amino acids. Out of this

Surfactant mixture 1.0 to 10 and preferably 2 to 6 wt .-%, since 0 results that polypeptides from proteins a complex this amount is sufficient to represent an improved foam stability mixture, the average molecular weight between

or to produce an improved foam volume. The see 120 (amino acids) can vary from 20,000. All out

The weight ratio of the sum of olefin sulfonates and ethylenically hydrolyzed polypeptides is distinguished by their xamer sulfate surfactants to alkanoic acid alkanolamides is 40: 1 water solubility. When using mixtures with up to 4: 1 and preferably 30: 1 to 5: 1. l5 soluble proteins are preferably used those which

The content of anti-gellants in the liquid detergent-hydrolyzed collagen with such a low molecular weight

Agents containing either olefin sulfonates or important that they are completely soluble in water, not

Mixtures of olefin sulfonates and ethoxylated aikyl sulfonating and are not denatured, the middle molecular weight

623076

Specular weight is less than 15,000, preferably 500 to 10,000 and, for best results, 1000.

In addition, the liquid detergents according to the invention can also contain other compounds which are usually used in detergents without a builder salt content. For example, in order to improve the foaming effect in soft water, water hardness salts such as magnesium sulfate or calcium chloride can be added in amounts of 0.5 to 4% by weight. For the sequestration of metal ions such as iron ions in the wash water, alkali metal citrates, gluconates or aminopolycarboxylates can be added in amounts of 0.1 to 1% by weight. Other additives such as optical brighteners, dyes, emollients, perfumes, bactericides or similar compounds can be added in amounts of up to 2% by weight to improve certain properties.

In addition, the liquid detergents according to the invention can, under certain circumstances, contain small amounts of other surfactants if these do not impair the excellent properties of the detergents. Such surfactants are usually added to the mixture in amounts of substantially less than 10% and preferably less than 5% of the total surfactant content. Suitable surfactants can be, for example, anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic or polar nonionic surfactants, since these have good washing properties and wetting and foam properties as well as other favorable properties.

Suitable anionic surfactants are, for example, the higher mononuclear aromatic alkyl sulfates such as the higher alkylbenzenesulfonates with about 10 to 16 carbon atoms in a straight 30 or branched chain in the higher alkyl group such as the sodium, potassium or ammonium salts of the higher alkylbenzenesulfonates, the higher alkyltoluenesulfonates , the higher alkylphenol sulfonates and higher naphthalene sulfonates. This subheading also includes paraffin sulfonates with about 10 to 20 35 C atoms, such as, for example, the primary paraffin sulfonates which are prepared by reacting long-chain α-olefins with bisulfites or paraffin sulfonates which contain the sulfonate group distributed along the paraffin chain, and sodium and potassium sulfonates of higher alcohols with 8 to 18 carbon atoms 40 such as sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium tallow alcohol sulfate,

Sodium and potassium salts of a-sulfofatty acid esters with 10 to 20 carbon atoms in the acyl group, such as methyl a-sulfomyrisate or methyl a-sulfotallowate, ammonium sulfates of mono- or diglycerides of the higher (C10 to cis) fatty acids, for example 45 Stearic acid monoglyceride monosulfate, sodium salts of higher alkyl (C10 to cis) glycerol ether sulfonates and sodium or potassium alkylphenol polyethylenoxy ether sulfates with about 1 to 6 oxyethylene groups per molecule and about 8 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl groups. 50

Other suitable anionic surfactants are, for example, the Cs to Cis acyl sarcosinates such as, for example, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium and potassium salts of the reaction products from higher fatty acids having 8 to 18 C atoms in the molecule during the ester formation with isethionic acid or the sodium and potassium salts from Cs to Cis-acyl-N-methyl-taurides such as sodium cocoyl-methyl taurate and potassium stea-royl-methyl-taurate. Other suitable surfactants are, for example, nonionic compounds, which are mostly condensation products of organic aliphatic or alkylaromatic hydrophobic compounds with hydrophilic ethylene oxide groups. In practice, all hydrophobic compounds with a carboxy, hydroxyl, amido or amino group with an active hydrogen atom on the nitrogen can be condensed with ethylene oxide or with its polyhydration product, poly-ethylene glycol, to form a nonionic surfactant. In addition, the length of the Polyethenoxy chain can be adjusted so that the desired

Balance between hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties.

Suitable nonionic surfactants are the polyethylene oxide condensation products with 1 mole of alkylphenol with about 6 to 12 carbon atoms in a straight or branched chain in the alkyl group with about 5 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide or, for example, the condensation product from lauryl myristyl alcohol with about 16 moles of ethylene oxide.

Non-ionic surfactants from the Pluronics brand are produced by condensing ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic base, which in turn was obtained by condensing propylene oxide with propylene glycol. The molecular weight of the hydrophobic portion of the molecule is approximately 950 to 4000 and preferably 1200 to 2500. The addition of polyoxyethylene groups to the hydrophobic part leads to an increase in the solubility of the overall molecule. The molecular weight of the block polymers varies from 1000 to 15,000; the polyethylene oxide content can be about 20 to 80% by weight. Zwitterionic surfactants such as betaines and sulfobetaines of the general formula can also be used favorably:

R,

R-R.

NO,

-X = ~ 0

i

-O

55

60

in which R is an alkyl group with about 8 to 18 carbon atoms, Rz and R3 are each alkylene or hydroxyalkylene groups with about 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R4 is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group with about 1 to 4 carbon atoms and X is either C or S = 0 mean. The alkyl groups can contain one or more amido, ether or polyether bonds or have non-functional substituents such as hydroxyl or halogen groups which do not significantly change the hydrophobic character of the overall group. When X is C, the surfactant is called a betaine; if X is S = 0, the surfactant is called a sulfobetaine or sultain. Preferred betaines or sulfobetaines are, for example, 1- (lauryldimethylammonio) acetate, 1- (myristyldimethylammonio) propane-3-sulfonate and 1- (myristyldimethylammonio) -2-hydroxypropane-3-sulfonate .

In the case of polar nonionic surfactants, the hydrophilic group contains a semipolar bond between two atoms, for example As - O or S - O. Although there is a charge separation between the two atoms which are directly connected to one another, the entire molecule carries no charge and therefore does not dissociate into ions .

Suitable polar nonionic surfactants are, for example, the open-chain aliphatic phosphine oxides of the general formula R1R2R3P - O, in which Ri is an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxyalkyl group with 10 to 18 C atoms and R2 and R3 in each case alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl groups with 1 to 3 C- Atoms.

Examples of usable ampholytic surfactants are the alkyl-ß-aminopropionate RN (H) C2HiCOOM, the alkyl-ß-iminodipropionate RN (C2HìC02M2) and the long-chain imi-azole derivatives of the following formulas:

(I)

/ \

N 11

R-

CH.

-N-

■ W

N CH "

™ I! I.

r c N; ~ "

[R "- COOM

Y

in which R is an acyclic group with about 7 to 17 C atoms, W RzOH, R2COOM or R2OR2COOM, Y OH, R3OSO3, R2 is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group with 1 to 4 C atoms, R3 is an alkyl, alkylaryl or fatty acylglyceride group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and M is a water-soluble cation such as sodium, potassium, ammonium or alkylolamine.

Surfactants of Formula I are described in Volume II of "Surface Active Agents and Detergents" and surfactants of Formula II in numerous patents. The acyclic groups can originate, for example, from coconut oil fatty acids (a mixture of fatty acids having 8 to 18 carbon atoms), from lauric fatty acid or oleic fatty acid, the preferred groups being C7 to Cn alkyl groups. Suitable surfactants of this type are, for example, sodium N-lauryl-β-aminopropionate, disodium N-lauryl-iminodipropionate and the disodium salt of 2-laury I-cycloimidium-l-hydroxy-l-ethoxyethanoic acid-l-ethanoic acid.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the examples. Unless otherwise stated, all concentration data relate to percentages by weight.

example 1

A liquid detergent was made from the following ingredients:

Components%

Sodium a-olefin (Ci4-Ci6) sulfonate * 16.1 ethoxylated (C12-C15) ammonium

alcohol sulfate ** 13.8

Bis-2-hydroxyethyl coco alkylamine oxide 4.0

Sodium isethionate 5.0 hydroxyethyl-ethylenediamine-triacetic acid,

Trisodium salt ("Hydroxy-EDTA") 0.08

Water soluble protein *** 1.0

Ethanol 6.0

Water q.s.

100.0

* Mixture of 50 to 70% alkenyl sulfonates, 20 to 40% hydroxyalkanesulfonates and 5 to 12% hydroxyalkane disulfonates and alkene disulfonates, which are obtained by sulfurizing a Ci4-Ci «-01efin mixture with a maximum of 2.0% C12.66.2 ± 2.0 %, C14, 33.4 ± 2% Ci6, an average carbon chain length

623076

of 14.6, an average molecular weight of 205, a ratio of a-olefins to vinylidene olefins of 6.4: 1 and a ratio of a-olefins to internal olefins of 9.6: 1.

** Ethoxylated ammonium-Ci2-Ci5-alcohol-triethoxymer-sulfate with the following chain distribution: 0.8%, C11.18.7% C12, 24.2% C13.32.3% C14.20.0% Cis and 0 , 3% cis. The average molecular weight is 436.

*** Partially hydrolyzed collagen protein with an average molecular weight of 1000.

Olefin sulfonate, water and alcohol are combined and stirred at low speed at room temperature. The prescribed amounts of bis-2-hydroxy-ethyl-cocosalkylamine oxide, sodium isethionate, magnesium sulfate, hydroxy-EDTA and ammonium ethoxy alcohol sulfate (Ci2-C15) are added to this mixture in the order given. The mixture is stirred for about five minutes or more until it becomes homogeneous. The pH of the mixture is adjusted to 7.3 ± 0.3 by adding acid or alkali, if necessary. Then the specified amount of hand care product is added. If desired, dyes and perfumes can then be added.

If necessary, the mixture can then be filtered,

resulting in a clear product that will be stored for future use.

Example 2

A liquid detergent was prepared from the specified ingredients using the method described in Example 1:

Components%

Sodium a-olefin (Ci4-Ci6) sulfonate * 16.1 ethoxylated (C12-C15) ammonium

alcohol sulfate ** 13.8 bis-2-hydroxyethyl tallow alkylamine oxide 4.0 sodium isethionate 5.0 "hydroxy-EDTA" 0.08 magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 1.0 water-soluble protein *** 1.0 ethanol 6 , 0 water qs

100.0

*, ** and *** correspond to the compounds described in Example 1.

Examples 3 to 7

Liquid detergents containing tertiary amine oxides as foam improvers were produced as follows:

7

5

0

15

20th

25th

30th

35

40

45

50

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8th

Components

% 5

Sodium a-olefin

(Ci4-Ci6> sulfonate *

16.1

16.1

16.1

16.1

16.1

Ethoxylated (C12-C15)

Alcohol ammonium sulfate **

co 00

13.8

13.8

13.8

13.8

Bis-2-hydroxyethyl

tallow alkylamine oxide

-

-

-

6.0

8.0

Bis-2-hydroxyethyl

cocoalkylamine oxide

2.0

6.0

8.0

-

-

Lauric acid myristic acid

monoethanolamide ***

2.0

-

_

Sodium xylene sulfonate

1.6

-

-

_

_

Sodium isethionate

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

"Hydroxy-EDTA"

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Water soluble protein

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Ethanol

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

Water q.s.

q.s.

q.s.

q.s.

q.s.

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

*, ** and *** according to Example 1 **** Manufactured by reacting 1 mol lauric acid myristic acid with one mol monoethanolamine at elevated temperature. The acyl group contains a maximum of 1% Cs-Cio, 71.2 ± 2.0% Ci2.27.8 ± 2.0% Cu and a maximum of 1% Ci6.

The liquid detergents of Examples 1 to 7 have good foaming power and good foaming properties, they show excellent washing power, biodegradability, storability, low toxicity, good viscosity, low tendency to gel formation and rapid redissolution of an optionally formed gel. These properties are achieved in particular by mixtures which contain mixtures of amine oxides and amides as foam improvers, for example Cio- to Ci8- and preferably C12- to Cu-alkanoic acid monoethanolamides and diethanolamides and ethoxylated alkanoic acid monoethanolamides with about 1 to 5 mol of ethylene oxide. These amides can be used instead of part of the amine oxides; Thus, approximately 20.40 or 60% of the amine oxides can be replaced by appropriate amounts by weight of one or more of the amide foam improvers mentioned above. Example 3 shows such mixtures.

Examples 8 to 10

35

40

45

Components

8th

% 9

10th

Sodium a-olefin (Ci4-Ci6) sulfo

nat *

19.0

16.0

13.0

Ethoxylated (C12-C15)

Alcohol ammonium sulfate **

12.0

15.0

18.0

Lauric acid myristic acid diet

nolamid *****

5.0

5.0

5.0

Ethanol

8.0

8.0

8.0

Water q.s.

q.s.

q.s.

100.0

100.0

100.0

55

* and ** according to example 1

***** Made by reacting 1 mole of laurin

Acid myristic acid methyl ester with 1.2 mol diethanolamine in 65

Presence of sodium methylate. The acyl group has a maximum of about 1% Cs-Cio, 71.2 + 2.0% C12.27.8 ± 2.0% Cu and a maximum of 1% Cis chains.

Olefin sulfonate, water and alcohol are combined and stirred at low speed at room temperature. The specified amounts of lauric acid, myristic acid diethanolamide and ethoxylated C12 to C15 alcohol ammonium sulfate are then added to the mixture. The mixture is then stirred for five minutes or more until it becomes clear. The pH of the mixture is adjusted to 7.3 ± 0.3 by adding lye or acid. If necessary, the mixture can then be filtered to form a clear product which is then stored for further use.

The mixtures of Examples 8 to 10 were examined for their tendency to gel formation and ability to redissolve the gel formed as follows:

About 100 ml of each liquid detergent from Examples 8 to 10 was placed in a bottle, which was then sealed and placed in a bath at a constant temperature of -3.9 ° C. After three days, the bottles were removed and visually examined for the amount of gel formed. The bottles were then placed at room temperature and checked for how long it took to redissolve the gel formed.

Gel formation leads to clogging of the spouts or nozzles of the dispensing containers into which the liquid is packaged.

It was also investigated how many plates could be washed by the detergents using the "Miniature Dishwashing Evaluation Method" (Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, Volume 43, No. 10, pages 576-580). In this process, two watch glasses of different sizes, which are soiled with a weighed amount of greasy dirt (so-called mini-plates), are washed in a solution of the investigating detergent, the foaming power of the solution as a measure of the number of washed mini-plates before exhaustion the foam formation is specified.

The results obtained with the solutions of Examples 8 to 10 are summarized in Table A below:

9

623076

Table A

Ratio% gel

Time to

Number ge

Olefin sulfo formation

Wash again

nat solution

Plate at

: Ethoxysulfate

[of the gel

50 ppm

Example 8

1.6: 1 6.0

18h

36

Example 9

1.1: 1 0.5

18h

36

Example 10

0.7: 1 9.5

6d

37

It can be seen from the results that the tendency of the mixtures according to the invention to form an undesirable gel-like skin is surprisingly small and that the number of dishes washed is considerably larger. 15

The following examples show particularly favorable mixtures with excellent cleaning properties:

Example 11 20

A liquid detergent was made from the specified ingredients:

Components%

25th

30th

35

100.0 4o

*, ** and *** according to example 1 **** according to example 3 to 7 ***** according to example 8 to 10

Example 12

A liquid detergent was prepared from the specified ingredients by the processes described in Examples 8 to 10:

Components%

Sodium a-olefin (Ci4-Ci6) sulfonate * 16.1 ethoxylated (Ci2-Ci5) alcohol-

ammonium sulfate ** 13.8 lauric acid myristic acid

diethanolamide ***** 3.0 lauric acid myristic acid

monoethanolamide **** 2.0

Sodium xylene sulfonate 1.6

Sodium isethionate 4.0

"Hydroxy-EDTA" 0.08

Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 1.0

Water soluble protein *** 1.0

Ethanol 6.0

Water q.s.

100.0

* **> *** according to example 1 **** according to example 3 to 7 ***** according to example 8 to 10

As already indicated in Examples 11 and 12, certain amounts of monoethanol amide can be added to the mixtures instead of the diethanol amide, provided that the monoethanol amide is not more than 55% and preferably not more than 50% by weight of the total amount of the alkanolamides as foam improvers matters.

Sodium a-olefin (Ci4-Ci6) sulfonate * 16.1 ethoxylated (C12-C15) alcohol

ammonium sulfate ** 13.8

Lauric acid myristic acid diethanolamide ***** 3.0 Lauric acid myristic acid

monoethanolamide **** 1.5

Sodium xylene sulfonate 1.2

Sodium isethionate 4.0 hydroxyethyl-ethylenediamine triacetic acid,

Trisodium salt ("Hydroxy-EDTA") 0.08

Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 1.0

Water soluble protein *** 1.0

Ethanol 6> °

Water q-s-

Examples 13 to 16

%

Components

13

14

15

16

Sodium a-olefin (Ci4-Ci6>

sulfonate *

16.1

16.1

16.1

16.1

Ethoxylated (C12-C15)

Alcohol ammonium sulfate **

13.8

13.8

13.8

13.8

Lauric acid myristic acid

diethanolamide *****

1.0

3.0

4.0

6.0

"Hydroxy-EDTA"

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Sodium isethionate

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

Water soluble protein ***

1.0

1.0

• 1.0

1.0

Ethanol

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

Water q.s.

q.s.

q.s.

q.s.

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

*, ** and *** according to example 1

***** according to example 8 to 10

623076 10

Examples 17 to 24

The following liquid detergents were prepared according to the procedures described in Examples 11 and 12:

Components

17th

18th

19th

% 20

21st

22

23

24th

Sodium a-olefin

(Ci4-Ci6) sulfonate *

16.1

16.1

16.1

16.1

16.1

16.1

16.1

16.1

Ethoxylated (Cn-Cis)

Alcohol ammonium

sulfate**

13.8

13.8

13.8

13.8

13.8

13.8

13.8

13.8

Ethoxylated cocoalkyl

monoethanolamide (EtO)

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

Ethoxylated laurin

acid monoethanol amide

(EtO)

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

"Hydroxy-EDTA"

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Magnesium sulfate

heptahydrate

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Sodium aethionate

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

Water soluble

Protein***

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Ethanol

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

Water q.s.

q.s.

q.s.

q.s.

q.s.

q.s.

q.s.

q.s.

100.0 100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

*, ** and *** according to example 1

Examples 25 to 26 show the need to adjust the ratio of olefin sulfonate to alkanoic acid diethanolamides in the range from about 3: 1 to 1: 1 when using the preferred diethanolamides and only the olefin sulfonate as surfactant.

Examples 25-26

%

Components 25 (see) 26

Sodium a-olefin- {Ci4-Ci6) -

sulfonate *

22.48

22.48

Lauric acid myristic acid mono-

ethanolol ****

2.25

-

Lauric acid myristic acid

diethanolamide *****

5.25

7.50

Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate

1.0

1.0

Hydroxyethyl-ethylene-diamine

triacetic acid

0.2

0.2

Sodium xylene sulfonate

1.8

-

Sodium isethionate

5.0

5.0

Ammonium cumene sulfonate

6,667

6,667

Ethanol

-

3.0

Water q.s.

q.s.

100.0

100.0

* according to example 1 60

**** according to examples 3 to 7 ***** according to examples 8 to 10

The detergent according to Example 25 is a detergent for comparison purposes, because based on the total amount of 65 diethanolamide and monoethanolamide of lauric acid myristinic acid, this contains more than 25%, namely 29.4% of the corresponding monoethanolamide.

In the preparation of these liquid detergents, the olefin sulfonate, the water and optionally ethanol are stirred together at low speed at room temperature. This mixture is mixed with the stated amounts of lauric acid-myristic acid mono- and / or -diethanolamide. The mixture is then stirred for five minutes or more until it becomes clear. The pH of the mixture is adjusted to 7.3 ± 0.3 by adding lye or acid. If necessary, the mixture can be filtered to form a clear product that is stored for further use.

The “Miniature Dishwashing Evaluation Method” was used to determine the number of plates or plates that can be washed with the detergent:

Table B

Number of plates washed

25th

26

Oppm

32

29

50ppm

34

38

150 ppm

33

37

A comparison of the dishwashing properties of these mixtures clearly shows that mixtures with a high proportion of lauric acid-myristic acid diethanolamide, except in extremely soft water, are better than those mixtures that contain a low proportion of lauric acid myristic acid diethanolamide.

11

623076

Examples 27 to 28

Liquid detergents were prepared from the ingredients listed using the procedures in Examples 25 and 26:

Components

%

Sodium a-olefin (Ci4-Ci6) -

sulfonate *

22.5

17.9

Lauric acid myristic acid

monoethanolamide ****

2.25

1.8

Lauric acid myristic acid

diethanolamide *****

6.25

10.0

Sodium xylene sulfonate

1.8

1.4

Ammonium cumene sulfonate

6,667

6,667

"Hydroxy-EDTA"

0.2

0.2

Sodium isethionate

5.0

5.0

Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate

1.0

1.0

Water q.s.

q.S.

100.0

100.0

* according to example 1

**** according to example 3 to 7

***** according to example 8 to 10

These mixtures from Examples 27 and 28 were also examined with the results below using the “Miniature Dishwashing Evaluation Method”:

Table C.

Number of plates washed

27

28

Oppm

32

36

50 ppm

35

40

150 ppm

34

38

Here again it can be seen that mixtures with a high proportion of lauric acid-myristic acid-diethanolamide surprisingly have greatly improved washing properties, in contrast to the teaching of, for example, US Pat. No. 3,332,878, in which it was shown that diethanolamides give “bad results”. It also shows that small amounts of monoethanolamides can be added to the detergents, provided that the monoethanolamides make up no more than 25% by weight and preferably no more than 20% by weight, for example 15% of the total content of alkanolamides as foam improvers.

Examples 29 and 30 below show the beneficial effects of antigelling agents in liquid detergents containing olefin sulfonates:

Examples 29 to 30

Components

%

Sodium a-olefin (Cu-Ci6) -

sulfonate *

22.0

22.0

Ethoxylated (C12-C15) alcohol

ammonium sulfate **

12.0

12.0

Lauric acid myristic acid

diethanolamide *****

5.0

5.0

Trisodium sulfosuccinate

-

3.2

Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate

2.0

2.0

Sodium gluconate

0.1

0.1

Sodium citrate

0.2

0.2

Ethanol

6.0

6.0

Water q.s.

q.s.

100.0

100.0

* and ** according to example 1 ***** according to example 8 to 10

Olefin sulfonate, water and alcohol are combined and stirred at low speed at room temperature. To this mixture, lauric acid-myristicic acid-diethanolamide, trisodium sulfosuccinate, magnesium sulfate, sodium gluconate, sodium cyanate and the ethoxylated alcohol (Ci2-Ci5) -ammonium sulfate are added in the order given. The mixture is stirred for five minutes or more until it becomes even. The pH of the mixture is adjusted to 7.3 ± 0.3 by adding acid or alkali, then the specified amount of protein hydrolyzate is finally added. Then dyes and perfumes can optionally be added. If necessary, the mixture is filtered to form a clear product which is then stored for further use.

The mixtures of Examples 29 and 30 were examined as follows to determine the effect of the antigelling agent and the effect on gel formation: 1 ml of the liquid mixture was run down a glass plate, open to the atmosphere, with the plate at an angle of 30 ° was held to the horizontal. Then the distance traveled by the mixture was measured and the flow properties (straight or wavy) were observed.

A wavy flow movement indicates that gel formation occurs, while with a straight flow movement there was little or no gel formation. The distance covered is therefore a measure of the tendency to gel. Table D summarizes the results that indicate the relative propensity to gel:

Table D

traveled

Flow properties

distance

Example 29

29.4 cm last 19 cm wavy

Example 30

58.7 cm straight

5

10th

15

.20

25th

30th

35

40

45

50

55

The results show that the addition of trisodium sulfosuccinate reduces gel formation.

623076

12th

Examples 31 to 35

Liquid detergents were produced from the specified constituents and examined in accordance with the procedure in Examples 29 and 30:

Components

31

32

% 33

34

35

Sodium a-olefin

(Ci4-Ci6> sulfonate *

19.6

19.6

19.6

19.6

19.6

Ethoxylated (C12-C15)

Alcohol ammonium sulfate **

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

Lauric acid myristic acid

diethanolamide *****

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

Trisodium sulfosuccinate

-

1.6

3.2

4.8

4.8

Ethanol

8.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

5.0

Water q.S.

q.s.

q.s.

q.s.

q.s.

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

* and ** according to example 1 ***** according to example 8 to 10

Table E

distance traveled

Flow properties

Example 31

38.0 cm last 22.8 cm wavy

Example 32

42.2 cm last 22.8 cm wavy

Example 33

50.7 cm last 22.8 cm wavy

Example 34

72.3 cm straight

Example 35

59.1 cm straight

The results show that the addition of different amounts of trisodium sulfosuccinate significantly reduces the tendency to gel.

Examples 1 to 7 and 11 to 28 show other mixtures containing antigelling agents.

G

Claims (8)

623076 1 Ri is an alkyl group with 10-20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group with 10-20 carbon atoms or a mono-hydroxyalkyl group with 10-20 carbon atoms, 30 R2 and Rj either independently represent a methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl group or R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded together with an oxygen atom represent the morpholino group, or 35 b) 1-10% by weight of a diethanol amide of an alkane carboxylic acid with 10 to 18 carbon atoms or an ethoxylated monoethanol amide of a fatty acid with 8 to 18 carbon atoms or mixtures of the two with one another and / or with a monoethanol amide of a fatty acid with 8 to 18 carbon atoms 40 substance atoms or c) 1-8% by weight of a water-soluble salt serving as an antigelling agent of an aliphatic organic sulfonic acid having 1-4 carbon atoms or a mixture of two or more of components a), b) and c), with the proviso that 45 if the detergent contains said alkyl sulfonate as component (2) and said amine oxide as auxiliary, the weight ratio of component (1) to (2) is in the range from 1.4: 1 to 0.9: 1, that if the detergent contains said alkyl sulfonate as component (2) and the said alkanolamide as auxiliary, the weight ratio of component (1) to component (2) is in the range from 1.4: 1 to 0.9: 1 and d he weight ratio of the components (1 + 2) to the alkanolamide b) is in the range from 40: 1 to 4: 1, and if the detergent as component (2) contains the diethanolamide of the alkane carboxylic acid, the auxiliary agent should be omitted, or which is defined under c), contains in an aqueous medium. (1) at least one water-soluble salt of a sulfonated olefin having 12-18 carbon atoms as the only olefin sulfonate present in the detergent, which olefin sulfonate can contain up to 20% by weight of vinylidene olefin sulfonate, and 1. Liquid detergent, characterized in that it consists of 25-35 wt .-% of a mixture 2. Liquid detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains as component (2) a water-soluble salt of an ethoxylated alkyl sulfate having 12-15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and that the weight ratio of (1) to (2) im Range from 1.4: 1 to 0.9: 1, and that the auxiliary is component (b), which is a diethanolamide or an ethoxylated monoethanolamide 6s of an alkanoic acid with 8-18 carbon atoms or a mixture of the two with one another and / or with a monoethanol amide of an alkanoic acid with 8 to 18 carbon atoms. (2) either a water-soluble salt of an ethoxylated alkyl sulfonate with 10-18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and 1-5 ethylene oxide groups per molecule, or a diethanolamide of an alkane carboxylic acid with 12-14 carbon atoms, or a mixture of this diethanolamide with bis to 25% by weight of a monoethanol amide of an alkane carboxylic acid with 12-14 carbon atoms, with 15 in the case that component (2) is the diethanolamide, in the mixture the weight ratio of (1) to (2) in the range of 3: 1 to 1: 1 lies, as well 2nd PATENT CLAIMS 3. Liquid detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that component (2) is a water-soluble salt of an ethoxylated alkyl sulfate having 12 to 15 carbon atoms and that the auxiliary agent is either a tertiary amine oxide serving as a foam improver or contains one, and wherein the rest Ri of the amine oxide of the formula given is an alkyl radical with 12-18 carbon atoms. (3) an auxiliary which a) 1.5-10% by weight of a tertiary amine oxide serving as foam improver 20 of the formula R. 4. Liquid detergent according to claim 3, characterized in that up to 60 wt .-% of the total amount of the foam improver consist of a foam improver of component (b), this having a monoethanol amide of an alkane carboxylic acid with 12-14 carbon atoms or a diethanolamide of an alkane carboxylic acid 12 to 14 carbon atoms or a mixture of two or more such components. 5. Liquid detergent according to claim 2, characterized in that in it the weight ratio of component (1) to component (2) is in the range from 1.3: 1 to 1: 1, and that component (1) is a water-soluble salt a sulfonated olefin having 14-16 carbon atoms, and component (2) is an ammonium salt of a monosulfonate of an ethoxylation product of an alkanol with 12-15 carbon atoms and an average of 3 ethylene oxide groups per molecule. 6. Liquid detergent according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it 1-10 wt .-%, based on the weight of the detergent, an alcohol with 2 or 3 carbon atoms as a solubilizer, and also 0.5-10 % By weight, based on the weight of the liquid detergent, of water-soluble alkylbenzenesulfonates having 1-3 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and 0.5-10% by weight, based on the weight of the liquid detergent, of salts of alkyl sulfates having 5 or Contains 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. 7. Liquid detergent according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it contains 0.25-3% by weight, based on the weight of the detergent, of a water-soluble protein hydrolyzate which has a molecular weight in the range from 120 to 20,000 having. 8. Liquid detergent according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it contains as component (c) an antigelling agent which is sodium isethionate, tri-trium sulfosuccinate or sodium allyl sulfonate, the weight ratio of component (1) to component (c) in the detergent is in the range from 16: 1 to 2: 1.