CH538354A - Method and device for the production of molded articles from synthetic resin containing reinforcing fibers - Google Patents
Method and device for the production of molded articles from synthetic resin containing reinforcing fibersInfo
- Publication number
- CH538354A CH538354A CH395270A CH538354DA CH538354A CH 538354 A CH538354 A CH 538354A CH 395270 A CH395270 A CH 395270A CH 538354D A CH538354D A CH 538354DA CH 538354 A CH538354 A CH 538354A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- reinforcing fibers
- filling
- mold
- filling opening
- resin
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0001—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0005—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor using fibre reinforcements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2063/00—Use of EP, i.e. epoxy resins or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/16—Fillers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2311/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2201/00 - B29K2309/00, as reinforcement
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkörpern aus einer härtbares flüssiges Kunstharz, Verstärkungsfasern, Füllmaterial und Pigment enthaltenden Formmasse.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich weiter auf eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.
Bekannte Herstellungsverfahren dieser Art werden auf zweierlei Weise durchgeführt. Bei der einen Durchführung wird plattenförmiges Material aus Verstärkungsfaserstoff und festem, jedoch noch nicht ausgehärtetem, härtbarem Harz und gegebenenfalls einem oder mehreren Zuschlägen wie Füllstoffen, Pigmenten und sonstigen Zuschlägen auf eine Form gelegt, danach auf eine Temperatur oberhalb des Erweichungspunktes, z. B. durch Verwendung von Strahlungswärme, geheizt, dann, z. B. mittels einer anderen Form, in die Form gepresst und darauf zur Aushärtung des Harzes geheizt.
Dieses Verfahren hat Nachteile. So ist das Aufheizen des Plattenmaterials zeitraubend und zudem soll beim Belegen der Form die Verformung des Materials zum Erhalt der gewünschten Stärke berücksichtigt werden. An den Stellen, wo die am meisten ausgeprägten Krümmungen und Erweiterungen auftreten, soll also die Anfangsstärke des Belags am grössten sein. Soll dies einwandfrei geschehen, so sind Facharbeiter und Genauigkeit notwendig.
Beim sogenannten Vakuumformverfahren wird eine mit unausgehärtetem, flüssigem Kunstharz getränkte Fasermatte an der der Vakuumform zugewandten Seite zwar richtig geformt die andere Seite aber bleibt rauh und erhält keine genaue Form. Zudem ist es wiederum schwierig, die gewünschte Stärke der Matte während des Formverfahrens zu erhalten.
Nach dem zweiten bekannten Verfahren wird zuerst eine teilbare Form nahezu vollständig mit dem Fasermaterial gefüllt und darauf mit einer dünnflüssigen, härtbaren Harzmasse weiter angefüllt, die durch Erhitzung zur Aushärtung gebracht wird. Bei diesem Verfahren ist es schwierig und zeitraubend, die Form mit der zur Erzielung der gewünschten Dichte der Verstärkung richtigen Fasermenge anzufüllen.
Zudem ist es bereits bekannt, Kunststoffe ohne oder mit ganz kurzen Verstärkungsfaserstoffen auf Spritzgiessmaschinen zu verarbeiten. Die Verarbeitung von mit längeren Fasern verstärkten Kunststoffen, und insbesondere härtbaren Kunststoffen, hat sich jedoch als undurchführbar herausgestellt, da die ziemlich enge Spritzdüse von den langen Fasern verstopft wird und darauf das Kunstharz zur Aushärtung gelangt.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, alle obgenannten Nachteile zu beheben und ein Verfahren mit entsprechender Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mit dem bei geringem Arbeitsaufwand und ohne die Gefahr, dass eine Spritzdüse von Fasermaterial verstopft wird, Formkörper herzustellen, auch wenn härtbares Kunstharz mit langen Verstärkungsfasern versetzt wird.
Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die sehr viskose, fensterkittähnliche Formmasse aus dem noch nicht ausgehärteten Kunstharz, den Verstärkungsfasern einer Mittellänge zwischen 5 und 200 mm mittels einer Füllvorrichtung durch eine Füllöffnung von mehr als zwei Zentimetern Durchmesser einer, von der Füllöffnung und wenigstens einer Entlüftungsöffnung abgesehen, geschlossenen Form unter einem Druck von 1/4 bis 5 atü und bei einer solchen Temperatur zugeführt wird, dass die Harz-Fasermischung in dem zum Füllen der Form, Aushärten und dem Herausnehmen des Formkörpers aus der Form bzw. Anschliessen einer nächsten, leeren Form an die Füllvorrichtung benötigten Zeitraum nicht aushärtet, und hernach bis auf eine Temperatur geheizt wird, bei der die Formmasse aushärtet.
Die Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens, die eine mit einer Füllöffnung und mit wenigstens einer Entlüftungsöffnung versehene, heizbare Hohlform und eine Harzzufuhreinrichtung aufweist, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Füllöffnung einen Durchmesser von mindestens 3 cm aufweist.
In bevorzugten Ausführungsformen werden Fasern mit einer Länge von 10 bis 20 mm verwendet. Es hat sich dabei als günstig erwiesen, dass die Füllöffnung einen Durchmesser von 3 bis 6 cm aufweist.
Eine beispielsweise Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens wird nachstehend anhand der eine einzige Figur aufweisenden Zeichnung einer beispielsweisen Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung näher erläutert.
40 Gewichtsteile flüssiges, härtbares general purpose Polyesterharz, 65 Gewichtsteile mineralischer Füllstoff, z. B.
Asbestpulver oder Quarzpulver, 4 Gewichtsteile pflanzliches Fasermaterial mit einer mittleren Faserlänge von 15 mm und
1 Gewichtsteil Katalysator werden bei Zimmertemperatur gut gemischt zu einer sehr viskosen Formmasse, deren Konsistenz fensterkittähnlich ist.
Diese Formmasse 1 wird in eine Fülleinrichtung 3 gebracht, die mit einem Kolben 2 versehen ist und mittels einer Füllöffnung 4 von 6 cm Durchmesser mit einer Form 5, 6 verbunden ist. Die Form ist aus zwei Formhälften 5 und 6 zusammengesetzt und ist, abgesehen von der Füllöffnung 4 und einer Entlüftungsöffnung 7, völlig geschlossen. Mittels des Kolbens 2 wird ein Druck von etwa 2 atü auf die Formmasse
1 in der Fülleinrichtung 3 ausgeübt, und dann ergibt sich ein Druck bei der Füllöffnung 4 von etwa 1/2 atü.
Während des Füllens der Form 5, 6 bleibt die Faserverteilung innerhalb der Formmasse im wesentlichen konstant. Eine Verstopfung der Fülleinrichtung 3 oder der Füllöffnung 4 tritt nicht auf.
Die Formmasse wird in der Form durch Aufheizung auf 100 C ausgehärtet. Sobald die Formmasse genügend ausgehärtet ist, wird die Form geöffnet und der fertige Formkörper herausgenommen. Nachdem die Form wieder geschlossen ist, steht diese dem nächsten Formvorgang zur Verfügung.
Selbstverständlich sind die Werte der Temperatur und des Drucks nicht nur voneinander, sondern auch z. B. von der Zusammensetzung der Harzmasse, von der Menge und der Art des Katalysators und vom benötigten Zeitraum zum Füllen der Form abhängig.
The invention relates to a process for the production of molded articles from a curable liquid synthetic resin, reinforcing fibers, filler material and pigment containing molding compound.
The invention further relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method.
Known manufacturing processes of this type are carried out in two ways. In one implementation, plate-shaped material made of reinforcing fiber and solid, but not yet hardened, curable resin and optionally one or more additives such as fillers, pigments and other additives is placed on a mold, then to a temperature above the softening point, e.g. B. heated by using radiant heat, then, e.g. B. by means of another mold, pressed into the mold and then heated to harden the resin.
This method has disadvantages. Heating up the sheet material is time-consuming and the deformation of the material should also be taken into account when the form is placed in order to obtain the desired thickness. The initial thickness of the covering should therefore be greatest at the points where the most pronounced curvatures and extensions occur. If this is to be done properly, skilled workers and accuracy are necessary.
In the so-called vacuum forming process, a fiber mat impregnated with uncured, liquid synthetic resin is formed correctly on the side facing the vacuum form, but the other side remains rough and does not have an exact shape. In addition, it is again difficult to obtain the desired thickness of the mat during the molding process.
According to the second known method, a divisible mold is first almost completely filled with the fiber material and then further filled with a thin, hardenable resin compound which is hardened by heating. In this process, it is difficult and time consuming to fill the mold with the correct amount of fiber to achieve the desired density of reinforcement.
In addition, it is already known to process plastics with no or very short reinforcing fibers on injection molding machines. However, the processing of plastics reinforced with longer fibers, and in particular curable plastics, has proven to be impracticable, since the rather narrow spray nozzle is clogged by the long fibers and the synthetic resin is then cured.
The invention is based on the object of eliminating all of the above-mentioned disadvantages and of creating a method with a corresponding device with which molded bodies can be produced with little effort and without the risk of a spray nozzle being clogged by fiber material, even if curable synthetic resin is mixed with long reinforcing fibers becomes.
The method according to the invention is characterized in that the very viscous, window putty-like molding compound made of the not yet hardened synthetic resin, the reinforcing fibers of a mean length between 5 and 200 mm by means of a filling device through a filling opening of more than two centimeters in diameter one, of the filling opening and at least one Vent opening apart, closed mold is supplied under a pressure of 1/4 to 5 atmospheres and at such a temperature that the resin-fiber mixture is used for filling the mold, curing and removing the molding from the mold or connecting a next, empty mold to the filling device does not harden required time, and is then heated to a temperature at which the molding compound hardens.
The device for carrying out the method, which has a heatable hollow mold provided with a filling opening and at least one vent opening, and a resin feed device, is characterized in that the filling opening has a diameter of at least 3 cm.
In preferred embodiments, fibers with a length of 10 to 20 mm are used. It has proven to be beneficial that the filling opening has a diameter of 3 to 6 cm.
An example implementation of the method according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the single figure drawing of an exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention.
40 parts by weight of liquid, curable general purpose polyester resin, 65 parts by weight of mineral filler, e.g. B.
Asbestos powder or quartz powder, 4 parts by weight of vegetable fiber material with an average fiber length of 15 mm and
1 part by weight of catalyst is mixed well at room temperature to form a very viscous molding compound, the consistency of which is similar to window putty.
This molding compound 1 is placed in a filling device 3 which is provided with a piston 2 and is connected to a mold 5, 6 by means of a filling opening 4 of 6 cm diameter. The mold is composed of two mold halves 5 and 6 and, apart from the filling opening 4 and a vent opening 7, is completely closed. By means of the piston 2, a pressure of about 2 atm is applied to the molding compound
1 exercised in the filling device 3, and then there is a pressure at the filling opening 4 of about 1/2 atm.
During the filling of the mold 5, 6, the fiber distribution within the molding compound remains essentially constant. A clogging of the filling device 3 or the filling opening 4 does not occur.
The molding compound is hardened in the mold by heating to 100 ° C. As soon as the molding compound has hardened sufficiently, the mold is opened and the finished molded body is removed. After the mold is closed again, it is available for the next molding process.
Of course, the values of temperature and pressure are not only from each other, but also e.g. B. on the composition of the resin composition, on the amount and type of catalyst and the time required to fill the mold.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL686813405A NL143842B (en) | 1968-09-19 | 1968-09-19 | METHOD OF INJECTION MOLDING OF MOLDED ARTICLES. |
DE2012688A DE2012688C3 (en) | 1968-09-19 | 1970-03-17 | Method and device for producing molded bodies from an irreversibly curable synthetic resin with reinforcing fibers |
CA077,621A CA942022A (en) | 1968-09-19 | 1970-03-17 | Method of and apparatus for manufacturing moulded articles |
CH395270 | 1970-03-17 | ||
BE747544 | 1970-03-18 | ||
GB1315570 | 1970-03-18 | ||
FR7009997A FR2082577A5 (en) | 1968-09-19 | 1970-03-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH538354A true CH538354A (en) | 1973-08-15 |
Family
ID=27560793
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH395270A CH538354A (en) | 1968-09-19 | 1970-03-17 | Method and device for the production of molded articles from synthetic resin containing reinforcing fibers |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE747544A (en) |
CA (1) | CA942022A (en) |
CH (1) | CH538354A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2012688C3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2082577A5 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1310166A (en) |
NL (1) | NL143842B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2967578D1 (en) | 1978-03-23 | 1986-03-27 | Ici Plc | Process for the manufacture of a glass fibre-reinforced plastics article and a glass fibre paste or slurry for use in the process |
HU194293B (en) * | 1985-05-17 | 1988-01-28 | Villamos Ipari Kutato Intezet | Process and equipment for production of forms from materials based on siliconelastomer and resistant against harms made by birds |
GB8806299D0 (en) * | 1988-03-17 | 1988-04-13 | Glynwed Consumer & Building | Process of manufacturing thin-walled plastics moulding |
DE102009020448A1 (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2010-11-11 | Rehau Ag + Co. | High-strength injection-molded part and method for producing a highly rigid injection-molded part |
-
1968
- 1968-09-19 NL NL686813405A patent/NL143842B/en unknown
-
1970
- 1970-03-17 CA CA077,621A patent/CA942022A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-03-17 CH CH395270A patent/CH538354A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1970-03-17 DE DE2012688A patent/DE2012688C3/en not_active Expired
- 1970-03-18 BE BE747544D patent/BE747544A/en unknown
- 1970-03-18 GB GB1315570A patent/GB1310166A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-03-20 FR FR7009997A patent/FR2082577A5/fr not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2012688C3 (en) | 1974-08-29 |
DE2012688B2 (en) | 1974-01-24 |
BE747544A (en) | 1970-08-31 |
CA942022A (en) | 1974-02-19 |
NL6813405A (en) | 1970-03-23 |
DE2012688A1 (en) | 1972-02-17 |
GB1310166A (en) | 1973-03-14 |
NL143842B (en) | 1974-11-15 |
FR2082577A5 (en) | 1971-12-10 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PL | Patent ceased |