CH523715A - Process for granulating water insoluble powder materials, pref. emulsion polymerised PVC., comprises (a) precipitating the material from suspension in an aqueous - Google Patents
Process for granulating water insoluble powder materials, pref. emulsion polymerised PVC., comprises (a) precipitating the material from suspension in an aqueousInfo
- Publication number
- CH523715A CH523715A CH1787466A CH1787466A CH523715A CH 523715 A CH523715 A CH 523715A CH 1787466 A CH1787466 A CH 1787466A CH 1787466 A CH1787466 A CH 1787466A CH 523715 A CH523715 A CH 523715A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- granulating
- suspension
- pref
- precipitating
- pvc
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005550 wet granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DTLHHLXHGYDYAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propylpropane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound CCCC(O)(CO)CO DTLHHLXHGYDYAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- FSEJJKIPRNUIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-octadecanoyloxypropyl] octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)(CO)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FSEJJKIPRNUIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003979 granulating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 Fatty alcohol esters Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- DMCJFWXGXUEHFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentatriacontan-18-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DMCJFWXGXUEHFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KEQXNNJHMWSZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2,4$l^{2}-dioxathiaplumbetane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KEQXNNJHMWSZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HBXWUCXDUUJDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octadecoxyoctadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HBXWUCXDUUJDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXWBQIAJXVCDGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol octadecanoic acid Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O HXWBQIAJXVCDGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- HDIFHQMREAYYJW-XGXNLDPDSA-N Glyceryl Ricinoleate Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO HDIFHQMREAYYJW-XGXNLDPDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940085632 distearyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011874 heated mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003879 lubricant additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(octadecanoylamino)ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/205—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a continuous liquid phase
- C08J3/21—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a continuous liquid phase the polymer being premixed with a liquid phase
- C08J3/215—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a continuous liquid phase the polymer being premixed with a liquid phase at least one additive being also premixed with a liquid phase
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
- B01J2/06—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a liquid medium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/08—Making granules by agglomerating smaller particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
- C08J3/16—Powdering or granulating by coagulating dispersions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0071—Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dehydrating agents; Dispersing agents; Dustfree compositions
- C09B67/0092—Dyes in solid form
- C09B67/0095—Process features in the making of granulates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
- C09C3/04—Physical treatment, e.g. grinding, treatment with ultrasonic vibrations
- C09C3/045—Agglomeration, granulation, pelleting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/50—Agglomerated particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/51—Particles with a specific particle size distribution
- C01P2004/52—Particles with a specific particle size distribution highly monodisperse size distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2300/10—Polymers characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
- C08J2300/102—Polymers characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups containing halogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
Abstract
Process for granulating water insoluble powder materials, pref. emulsion polymerised PVC., comprises (a) precipitating the material from suspension in an aqueous medium, in the presence of a granulating agent which is insoluble in water, and contains at least one hydrocarbon, at a temp. of more than 40 deg.C., and (b) isolating and drying the precipitate. Emulsion polymerised PVC was mixed with 30% wt. dioctyl phthalate and 4% wt. pentaerythritol distearate. The mixture was stirred at 60 deg.C for 10 mins., and cold water added. The PVC precipitated as granules of 0.1-0.2 cm. diameter.
Description
Verfahren zur Nassgranulierung chlorhaltiger Polymeren
Gegenstand des Hauptpatentes Nr. 492 478 ist ein Verfahren zur Granulierung von in Wasser schwer oder unlöslichen zur Staubbildung neigenden, in Wasser dispergierbaren chemischen Stoffen, wie Metallsalzen, insbesondere Metallseifen und Pigmenten, wobei man erfindungsgemäss die Stoffe aus ihrer Suspension in einem wässrigen Medium bei Temperaturen von oberhalb etwa 600 C, in Gegenwart von in Wasser schwer bzw. unlöslichen organischen Verbindungen mit einem Molgewicht von oberhalb 150, vorzugsweise oberhalb 200, und einem Erweichungspunkt von unterhalb 100" C niederschlägt und den Niederschlag isoliert und trocknet. Die Granulierhilfsmittel weisen häufig einen längerkettigen aliphatischen Rest auf.
Bewährt haben sich besonders Fettalkoholester, Fettsäureester mehrwertiger Alkohole, Alkydester, Esterwachse, Fettsäureamide und Fettsäurealkylolamide, Fettsäurenitrile, Alkylphenole, Fettketone, Gemische von Mineralölen und flüssigen Paraffinen mit Metallseifen, Fettsäureanhydride und Gemische, die Mineralöle oder flüssige Paraffine enthalten und einen Erweichungspunkt von unter 100"C aufweisen.
Auch Fettalkoholäther können erfindungsgemäss als Granulierhilfsmittel verwendet werden. Unter den Fettsäureester mehrwertiger Alkohole sind insbesondere Alkylenglykolester einschliesslich der Polyalkylenglykolester, wobei der Alkylenrest meist Äthylen ist, geeignet. Ein Vorteil des Verfahrens liegt in der Verwendung solcher Ester, die dem Endprodukt besondere Eigenschaften, wie z.B. höhere Stabilität, verleihen.
Eine einfache Art der Durchführung des Verfahrens besteht darin, dass man die Granulierhilfsmittel, in deren Gegen wart die Stoffe niedergeschlagen werden, unter Rühren einer wässrigen über 60" C warmen Suspension der Stoffe zusetzt.
Es kann von Fall zu Fall auch vorteilhaft sein, die Erwärmung erst nach Zugabe des Granulierhilfsmittels vornehmen.
Meist werden die Granulierhilfsmittel in Mengen von 3-25, vorzugsweise 10-20 Gew. %, bezogen auf den zu granulierenden Stoff, verwendet.
Das erfindungsgemässe Granulierverfahren ist auch in verfahrenstechnischer Hinsicht von erheblichem Vorteil. Die Abfüllung staubiger Produkte bereitet erhebliche apparative Schwierigkeiten. Vor allem erfordern die Stabbelästigung bzw.
die Massnahmen zur Vermeidung der Staubbelästigung schon beim Hersteller der Produkte einen ziemlich grossen apparativen Aufwand. Die Anlagen zur Herstellung der Granulate werden jetzt ziemlich einfach und wesentlich billiger. Die granulierten Stoffe, insbesondere die Metallseifen und -salze lassen sich wesentlich leichter vom Wasser trennen und waschen als die pulverförmigen Produkte. Die Granulate enthalten durchschnittlich nur etwa 50% der Wassermenge der pulverförmigen bzw. der als Filterkuchen vorliegenden Produkte.
Sie lassen sich wesentlich leichter und schneller trocknen und brauchen nicht gemahlen zu werden. Komplizierte Abfülleinrichtungen sind nicht mehr erforderlich, so dass der ganze Herstellungsprozess auch ganz wesentlich verbilligt wird. Die Trocknung erfolgt teilweise so leicht und schnell und glatt, dass teilweise Produkte schon durch gewöhnliche Lufttrocknung innerhalb von 24 Stunden in verkaufsfähiger Form gewonnen werden können.
Auch die nach dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren erhaltenen Produkte als solche weisen vorteilhafte Eigenschaften auf. So hat sich bei der praktischen Erprobung der nach dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren hergestellten Produkte gezeigt, dass durch Einsatz z. B. der Metallsalze und -seifen in Granulatform die Wirksamkeit erheblich verbessert wird. Viele dieser Metallsalze werden bekanntlich als Stabilisatoren verwendet. Überraschenderweise ergab sich, dass die Stabilisatoren in Granulatform wirksamer sind als die schwer verteilbaren entsprechenden Stabilisatoren in Pulverform und dass der Bedarf an zusätzlichen Gleitmitteln wesentlich geringer ist.
So ergibt die Verwendung beispielsweise eines basischen Bleisulfats in Granulatform, das in Gegenwart von etwa 15% eines Distearinsäureesters des Pentaerithrits granuliert wurde, bei der Herstellung von Rohren einen wesentlich schöneren Oberflächenglanz, bessere mechanische Werte und Erhöhung des Ausstosses. Die Verbesserung der mechanischen Werte ist möglicherweise auch darauf zurückzuführen, dass das Sulfat in seiner eigenen Gleitwirkung günstiger liegt als normales Sulfat, die zur Dispergierung des Sulfats im Kunststoff erforderlichen Zusätze an Gleitmitteln geringer sind und weil durch die Verringerung der Gleitmittelmenge eine Verbesserung der mechanischen Werte, insuesondere der Kerbschlagzähigkeit und der Kälteschlagfestigkeit erreicht wird.
Es ist bekannt, dass basische Bleisulfate und insbesondere basische Bleiphosphite an sich sehr schlecht im Kunststoff verteilbar sind, wenn sie nach den üblichen Verfahren hergestellt werden. Man braucht also relativ grosse Mengen an Dispergiermitteln. Bei diesen Dispergiermitteln handelt es sich sehr häufig um Stoffe, welche die mechanischen Werte der damit hergestellten Kunststoffe verschlechtern.
Das Verfahren ist besonders anwendbar für die Herstellung von Verbindungen, die als Stabilisatoren, Gleitmittel, Pigmente, Füllstoffe oder Kautschukzusätze bei der Herstellung oder Verarbeitung von Kunststoffen, Gummiartikeln, Linoleum, Farben und Lacken und in vielen anderen Industriezweigen Vrwendung finden.
Besonders interessant ist die Verwendung von Gleitmitteln zur Granulierung von Stabilisatoren für Polyvinylchlorid. Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren erlaubt es also, dem Verarbeiter fertige, für die jeweiligen Verarbeitungsbedingungen in oprimaler Zusammensetzung vorliegende, frei fliessende Granulate aus Gleit- und Stabilisierungsmitteln - auch unter Zusatz weiterer Verarbeitungsmittel, wie z. B. Antistatika, Farbstoffe usw. - zur Verfügung zu stellen, ein für den Verarbeiter bedeutender technischer Fortschritt.
Im Hauptpatent wurde bereits darauf hingewiesen, dass das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren auch zur Granulierung von Kunststoffen, wie Polyvinylchlorid, Polyalkylenen, wie Polyäthylen, Polyacrylverbindungen sowie Mischpolymerisaten, angewendet werden kann, wobei die Durchführung des Verfahrens in den von der Herstellung nach Emulsionsverfahren enthaltenen Emulsionen direkt möglich ist.
Die chlorhaltigen Polymeren fallen bei der Polymerisation in Form von Latizes an, deren wirtschaftlich vertretbare Aufarbeitung nur durch Sprühtrocknung möglich ist. Emulgatoren, Katalysatoren oder andere, die Eigenschaften wie Wasserfestigkeit, Thermostabilität, Transparenz oder andere Produktionseigenschaften negativ beeinflussende Zusätze können daher durch Auswaschen nicht entfernt werden.
Chlorhaltige Polymere müssen daher dem Verarbeiter fast stets in feinpulvriger Form verkauft werden. Abgesehen von dem lästigen Stauben bei der Verarbeitung bereitet die mangelhafte Rieselfähigkeit der pulverförmigen Materialien Schwierigkeiten bei einer kontinuierlichen Verarbeitung, bei welcher die Harze beispielsweise über einen Vorratssilo und eine Schüttelrinne den Verarbeitungsmaschinen gleichmässig zugeführt werden sollen.
Die nachträgliche maschinelle Granulierung der fertigen, getrockneten, pulverförmigen chlorhaltigen Polymeren ist zwar möglich und wird technisch auch durchgeführt, führt jedoch naturgemäss zu einer erheblichen Verteuerung der Harze und kann daher nur in Sonderfällen angewandt werden.
Man hat daher bereits des öfteren versucht, diePolymerisation chlorhaltiger Polymerer in Suspension oder Emulsion so zu steuern, dass die Harze in körniger bzw. granulierter Form anfallen.
Die deutsche Auslegeschrift Nr. 1 121 333 lehrt Polymerisate oder Mischpolymerisate des Vinylchlorids aus der Suspension respektive Emulsion heraus unter Verwendung wasserlöslicher Per-Verbindungen als Katalysatoren und vorwiegend öllöslicher Fettsäuren aus Emulgatoren durch Steuerung der Rührgeschwindigkeit in Form filtrierbarer, agglomerierter Teilchen zu erhalten.
In der deutschen Auslegeschrift Nr. 1 076 374 wird darauf hingewiesen, dass Vinylchlorid bei der Polymerisation nach dem Suspensionsverfahren in feinkörniger Form anfällt, wenn während der Polymerisation eine kleine Menge Glycerinmonoricinoleat zugesetzt wird.
Es wurde nun gefunden, dass das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren besondere Vorteile für die Granulierung von chlorhaltigen Polymeren, die in wässriger Phase nach dem Suspensions- oder Emulsionspolymerisationsverfahren hergestellt werden, bringt.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist daher ein Verfahren zur Nassgranulierung chlorhaltiger Polymerer, insbesondere chlorhaltiger Vinylpolymerer, und ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man die nach dem Suspensions- oder Emulsionsverfahren frisch polymerisierten Harze unter Zuhilfenahme von organischen Produkten, die einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest enthalten und deren Schmelzpunkt über 400 C liegt, granuliert, indem man die Granulierhilfsmittel der Harzdispersion zusetzt und unter Rühren auf eine Temperatur, die über dem Schmelzpunkt des Granulierhilfsmittels liegt, erwärmt, bis sich ein körniger Niederschlag gebildet hat, diesen abfiltriert und trocknet.
Manchmal wird die Bildung des körnigen Niederschlages durch Abschrecken der erwärmten Mischung begünstigt.
Als Granulierhilfsmittel sind insbesondere solche Produkte geeignet, die üblicherweise als Gleitmittel bei der Verarbeitung polymerer Vinylhalogenide verwendet werden. Sie enthalten meist einen längerkettigen Kohlenwasserstoffrest; Walrat oder andere Ester aus Fettalkoholen bzw. synthetischen Alkoholen mit mindestens 6 Kohlenstoffatomen und Fettsäuren, oder Ester aus Fettsäuren und mehrwertigen Alkoholen, auch Partialester wie Trimethylolpropyldistearat oder Pentaerythritdistearat, sind vorzugsweise geeignet.
Auch Fettalkohole, entsprechende synthetische Alkohole, Fettsäuren, entsprechende synthetische Säuren Oxy- oder Halogenfettsäuren sind günstig. Daneben sei auf Paraffine, Syntheseparaffine, Montanwachse, veredelte Montanwachse, gehärtete Öle, wie z.B. gehärtetes Ricinusöl, Esterwachse, Fettsäureamide, Fettsäurealkylolamide, Fettsäurealkylolaminester wie Triäthanolamindistearat, Fettamine, Fettketone wie Stearon, Anhydride höherer Karbonsäuren, oder längerkettige Äther wie Distearyläther als Granulierhilfsmittel verwiesen. Eingesetzt werden 250 %, vorzugsweise 7-15 Gew. %, bezogen auf den zu granulierenden Stoff. Die Schmelzpunkte der Granulierhilfsmittel liegen zwischen 40 und 1500 C, die bevorzugten Granulierungstemperaturen liegen zwischen 45 und 65"C.
Granulierhilfsmittel, die bei Raumtemperatur sehr hart sind und dem Granulat einen spröden Griff verleihen, können durch geeignete Weichmacher weichgestellt werden.
Harte Granulierhilfsmittel sind beispielsweise die Syntheseparaffine oder die veredelten Montanwachse mit Schmelzpunkten um 1000 C oder Äthylen-bis-stearamid mit einem Schmelzpunkt um 1350 C. Aber auch niedriger schmelzende Wachse, wie z.B. Carnaubawachs, können bei Raumtemperatur hart und spröde sein. Zur Weichstellung sind die üblichen Weichmacher, wie Mineralöle, Chlorparaffine, epoxydierte Öle, wie epoxydiertes Sojabohnenöl, aber auch Phthalat- weichmacher wie DOP oder Phosphatweichmacher wie Trikresylphosphat geeignet.
Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren ermöglicht auf einfache Art die Herstellung nicht staubender, rieselfähiger und leicht dosierbarer polymerer Vinylhalogenide, die aufgrund ihrer filtrierbaren Form leicht von störenden Verunreinigungen, wie Emulgatoren, Schutzkolloiden usw., durch Waschen befreit werden können. Das Trocknen der erfindungsgemäss hergestellten Granulate geht rasch vor sich, weil der Feuchtigkeitsgehalt von Harzen in Granulatform nur die Hälfte bis ein Drittel des Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes der entsprechenden Harze in der herkömmlichen Pulverform ausmacht.
Ein bedeutender Vorteil des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens liegt ferner darin, dass als Granulierhilfsmittel solche Stoffe verwendet werden können, die später den chlorhaltigen Vinylpolymeren ohnehin als Trennmittel bzw. Gleitmittel zugesetzt werden müssen. Gleichzeitig können Stabilisatoren, Antistatika, Farbstoffe oder andere Hilfsmittel mit granuliert werden, wobei die Zusammensetzung des Granulats den jeweiligen technischen Erfordernissen angepasst werden kann.
Dies ist ein für die kunststoffverarbeitende Industrie sehr bedeutender technischer Fortschritt. Nach dem heute hauptsächlich angewandten Dry-blend-Verfahren müssen Harze, Weichmacher, Stabilisatoren, Gleitmittel, Farbstoffe, Antistatika und andere Verarbeitungshilfsmittel einzeln eingewogen und vermischt werden, bevor sie der Verarbeitungsmaschine zugeführt werden können. Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren ermöglicht es, bereits bei der Harzherstellung das gesamte Compound in Form eines einheitlichen rieselfähigen Granulats zu gewinnen, dessen Zusammensetzung in weitem Bereich den jeweiligen Erfordernissen des Verarbeiters angepasst werden kann. Die Verarbeitung wird dadurch wesentlich erleichtert und vereinfacht und kann kontinuierlich erfolgen; Wägefehler oder Ungleichmässigkeiten im Fertigprodukt durch mangelhaftes Vermischen werden vermieden.
Beispiel
Ein in Suspension befindliches frisch polymerisiertes Polyvinylchlorid wird mit 30,0 Gew. % Dioctylphthalat und 4,0 Gew. % Pentaerythritdistearat, bezogen auf Harz, versetzt und unter Rühren auf 60 C aufgeheizt. Unter Rühren wird 10 Minuten lang auf 600 C gehalten und anschliessend mit kaltem Wasser unter Rühren abgeschreckt. Das Harz fällt in Form von Granulaten mit einem mittleren Teilchendurchmesser von 0,1-0,2 cm an.
Process for wet granulation of chlorine-containing polymers
The subject of the main patent No. 492 478 is a process for the granulation of water-dispersible chemical substances which are sparingly or insoluble in water and tend to form dust, such as metal salts, in particular metal soaps and pigments, whereby according to the invention the substances are suspended in an aqueous medium at temperatures of above about 600 ° C., in the presence of organic compounds which are sparingly or insoluble in water and having a molecular weight of above 150, preferably above 200, and a softening point of below 100 ° C., and isolates and dries the precipitate aliphatic residue.
Fatty alcohol esters, fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, alkyd esters, ester waxes, fatty acid amides and fatty acid alkylolamides, fatty acid nitriles, alkylphenols, fatty ketones, mixtures of mineral oils and liquid paraffins with metal soaps, fatty acid anhydrides and mixtures that contain mineral oils or liquid paraffins and have a softening point of less than 100 have proven particularly useful. C.
According to the invention, fatty alcohol ethers can also be used as granulating aids. Among the fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, alkylene glycol esters including the polyalkylene glycol esters, where the alkylene radical is mostly ethylene, are particularly suitable. One advantage of the process is the use of such esters, which give the end product special properties, e.g. greater stability.
A simple way of carrying out the process consists in adding the granulating aids, in the presence of which the substances are precipitated, to an aqueous suspension of the substances at a temperature of more than 60 ° C. while stirring.
It can also be advantageous from case to case to carry out the heating only after the granulation aid has been added.
Usually the granulating aids are used in amounts of 3-25, preferably 10-20% by weight, based on the substance to be granulated.
The granulation process according to the invention is also of considerable advantage in terms of process technology. The filling of dusty products causes considerable difficulties in terms of equipment. Above all, staff harassment or
the measures to avoid the dust nuisance even at the manufacturer of the products require a fairly large amount of equipment. The plants for the production of the granules are now quite simple and much cheaper. The granulated substances, especially the metal soaps and salts, can be separated from the water and washed much more easily than the powdered products. The granules contain on average only about 50% of the amount of water in the powdered or filter cake products.
They can be dried much easier and faster and do not need to be ground. Complicated filling devices are no longer required, so that the entire manufacturing process is also significantly cheaper. The drying is sometimes so easy, quick and smooth that sometimes products can be obtained in salable form within 24 hours by conventional air drying.
The products obtained by the process according to the invention as such also have advantageous properties. So it has been shown in practical testing of the products produced by the process according to the invention that by using z. B. the metal salts and soaps in granular form, the effectiveness is significantly improved. Many of these metal salts are known to be used as stabilizers. It was surprisingly found that the stabilizers in granular form are more effective than the corresponding stabilizers in powder form, which are difficult to distribute, and that the need for additional lubricants is significantly lower.
For example, the use of a basic lead sulphate in granular form, which was granulated in the presence of about 15% of a distearic acid ester of pentaerythritol, results in a much nicer surface gloss in the manufacture of pipes, better mechanical values and an increase in output. The improvement in the mechanical values is possibly also due to the fact that the sulphate has a better sliding effect than normal sulphate, the lubricant additives required to disperse the sulphate in the plastic are lower and because the reduction in the amount of lubricant improves the mechanical values, in particular the notched impact strength and the cold impact strength is achieved.
It is known that basic lead sulfates and in particular basic lead phosphites are very difficult to distribute in the plastic if they are produced by the usual methods. So you need relatively large amounts of dispersants. These dispersants are very often substances that impair the mechanical properties of the plastics produced with them.
The process is particularly applicable for the production of compounds which are used as stabilizers, lubricants, pigments, fillers or rubber additives in the production or processing of plastics, rubber articles, linoleum, paints and varnishes and in many other branches of industry.
The use of lubricants to granulate stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride is of particular interest. The method according to the invention thus allows the processor to obtain ready-to-use, free-flowing granules of lubricants and stabilizers that are present in optimal composition for the respective processing conditions - even with the addition of other processing agents, such as. B. antistatic agents, dyes, etc. - to make available, a significant technical advance for the processor.
In the main patent it was already pointed out that the process according to the invention can also be used for granulating plastics such as polyvinyl chloride, polyalkylenes such as polyethylene, polyacrylic compounds and copolymers, the process being carried out directly in the emulsions contained in the emulsion process .
The chlorine-containing polymers are obtained in the polymerization in the form of latexes, which can only be worked up economically by spray drying. Emulsifiers, catalysts or other additives that negatively affect properties such as water resistance, thermal stability, transparency or other production properties can therefore not be removed by washing out.
Polymers containing chlorine therefore almost always have to be sold to the processor in fine powder form. Apart from the annoying dust during processing, the poor flowability of the powdery materials causes difficulties in continuous processing, in which the resins are to be fed evenly to the processing machines, for example via a storage silo and a vibrating chute.
Subsequent machine granulation of the finished, dried, powdery chlorine-containing polymers is possible and is also carried out industrially, but naturally leads to a considerable increase in the price of the resins and can therefore only be used in special cases.
Attempts have therefore already been made several times to control the polymerization of chlorine-containing polymers in suspension or emulsion in such a way that the resins are obtained in granular or granular form.
The German Auslegeschrift No. 1 121 333 teaches to obtain polymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride from the suspension or emulsion using water-soluble per-compounds as catalysts and mainly oil-soluble fatty acids from emulsifiers by controlling the stirring speed in the form of filterable, agglomerated particles.
In German Auslegeschrift No. 1 076 374 it is pointed out that vinyl chloride is obtained in fine-grained form during the polymerization by the suspension process if a small amount of glycerol monoricinoleate is added during the polymerization.
It has now been found that the process according to the invention has particular advantages for the granulation of chlorine-containing polymers which are produced in the aqueous phase by the suspension or emulsion polymerization process.
The present invention therefore relates to a process for the wet granulation of chlorine-containing polymers, in particular chlorine-containing vinyl polymers, and is characterized in that the resins freshly polymerized by the suspension or emulsion process are processed with the aid of organic products which contain a hydrocarbon radical and whose melting point is above 400 ° C is granulated by adding the granulating aid to the resin dispersion and, while stirring, heated to a temperature which is above the melting point of the granulating aid until a granular precipitate has formed, which is then filtered off and dried.
Sometimes the formation of the granular precipitate is favored by quenching the heated mixture.
Particularly suitable granulating aids are those products which are usually used as lubricants in the processing of polymeric vinyl halides. They usually contain a long-chain hydrocarbon residue; Walrat or other esters of fatty alcohols or synthetic alcohols with at least 6 carbon atoms and fatty acids, or esters of fatty acids and polyhydric alcohols, including partial esters such as trimethylol propyl distearate or pentaerythritol distearate, are preferably suitable.
Fatty alcohols, corresponding synthetic alcohols, fatty acids, corresponding synthetic acids, oxy or halogen fatty acids are also favorable. In addition, paraffins, synthetic paraffins, montan waxes, refined montan waxes, hardened oils, e.g. hydrogenated castor oil, ester waxes, fatty acid amides, fatty acid alkylolamides, fatty acid alkylolamine esters such as triethanolamine distearate, fatty amines, fatty ketones such as stearone, anhydrides of higher carboxylic acids, or longer-chain ethers such as distearyl ether are referred to as granulating agents. 250%, preferably 7-15% by weight, based on the substance to be granulated, are used. The melting points of the granulating aids are between 40 and 1500 C, the preferred granulation temperatures are between 45 and 65 "C.
Granulation aids, which are very hard at room temperature and give the granulate a brittle feel, can be softened by suitable plasticizers.
Hard granulating aids are, for example, the synthetic paraffins or the refined montan waxes with melting points around 1000 C or ethylene-bis-stearamide with a melting point around 1350 C. But also lower melting waxes, such as e.g. Carnauba wax can be hard and brittle at room temperature. The usual plasticizers such as mineral oils, chlorinated paraffins, epoxidized oils such as epoxidized soybean oil, but also phthalate plasticizers such as DOP or phosphate plasticizers such as tricresyl phosphate are suitable for softening.
The process according to the invention enables the production of non-dusting, free-flowing and easily metered polymeric vinyl halides which, due to their filterable form, can easily be freed of troublesome impurities such as emulsifiers, protective colloids, etc. by washing. The drying of the granulates produced according to the invention is rapid because the moisture content of resins in granulate form is only half to a third of the moisture content of the corresponding resins in conventional powder form.
A further significant advantage of the process according to the invention is that the granulating aids that can be used are those substances which later have to be added to the chlorine-containing vinyl polymers anyway as release agents or lubricants. At the same time, stabilizers, antistatic agents, dyes or other auxiliaries can also be granulated, whereby the composition of the granulate can be adapted to the respective technical requirements.
This is a very important technical advance for the plastics processing industry. According to the dry-blend process, which is mainly used today, resins, plasticizers, stabilizers, lubricants, dyes, antistatic agents and other processing aids must be weighed and mixed individually before they can be fed into the processing machine. The process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain the entire compound in the form of a uniform, free-flowing granulate, the composition of which can be adapted to the particular requirements of the processor over a wide range, during the resin production. This makes processing much easier and simpler and can be carried out continuously; Weighing errors or unevenness in the finished product due to poor mixing are avoided.
example
A freshly polymerized polyvinyl chloride in suspension is mixed with 30.0% by weight of dioctyl phthalate and 4.0% by weight of pentaerythritol distearate, based on the resin, and heated to 60 ° C. with stirring. The mixture is kept at 600 ° C. for 10 minutes while stirring and then quenched with cold water while stirring. The resin is obtained in the form of granules with an average particle diameter of 0.1-0.2 cm.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEC37672A DE1279658B (en) | 1965-12-14 | 1965-12-14 | Process for granulating water-insoluble, powdery substances |
| DEC0038904 | 1966-04-28 | ||
| DEC0039466 | 1966-06-28 | ||
| DEC0039506 | 1966-07-01 | ||
| DEC0040148 | 1966-09-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH523715A true CH523715A (en) | 1972-06-15 |
Family
ID=27511965
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1787166A CH492478A (en) | 1965-12-14 | 1966-12-14 | Process for granulating powdery substances that are sparingly soluble or insoluble in water |
| CH1787466A CH523715A (en) | 1965-12-14 | 1966-12-14 | Process for granulating water insoluble powder materials, pref. emulsion polymerised PVC., comprises (a) precipitating the material from suspension in an aqueous |
| CH1786666A CH485804A (en) | 1965-12-14 | 1966-12-14 | Process for the granulation of halogen-containing polymers |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1787166A CH492478A (en) | 1965-12-14 | 1966-12-14 | Process for granulating powdery substances that are sparingly soluble or insoluble in water |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1786666A CH485804A (en) | 1965-12-14 | 1966-12-14 | Process for the granulation of halogen-containing polymers |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS4814778B1 (en) |
| AT (4) | AT282557B (en) |
| BE (2) | BE691192A (en) |
| CH (3) | CH492478A (en) |
| CS (1) | CS166212B2 (en) |
| DE (4) | DE1279658B (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1505023A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1178846A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL26638A (en) |
| NL (2) | NL6617285A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE370706B (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1066029A (en) * | 1973-03-16 | 1979-11-13 | Alberto Rabassa | Process for the preparation of non-dusty, easily wetted and readily soluble granulates |
| DK152371C (en) | 1975-01-08 | 1988-07-25 | Ciba Geigy Ag | ORGANIC PIGMENT PREPARATION |
| US4202815A (en) | 1977-03-21 | 1980-05-13 | Rohner Ag Pratteln | Concentrated powder or granular formulations dispersable in aqueous media |
| FR2446852A1 (en) * | 1979-01-19 | 1980-08-14 | Ugine Kuhlmann | PIGMENT COMPOSITIONS BASED ON COPPER PHTHALOCYANINS AND THEIR MANUFACTURING METHOD |
| DE2913592C2 (en) * | 1979-04-04 | 1988-11-10 | Chemische Werke München Otto Bärlocher GmbH, 8000 München | Process for producing metal soaps |
| DE2939999A1 (en) * | 1979-10-03 | 1981-04-09 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | METHOD FOR PRODUCING PEARLED FERROCYAN BLUE PIGMENTS |
| DE3020255C2 (en) * | 1980-05-28 | 1983-12-22 | Chemische Werke München Otto Bärlocher GmbH, 8000 München | Process for the production of non-dusting, low-lubricant basic and / or neutral metal salts and / or soaps |
| FR2508430B1 (en) * | 1981-06-25 | 1985-12-13 | Ici Francolor | |
| US4569991A (en) * | 1982-01-26 | 1986-02-11 | Mitsubishi Monsanto Chemical Company | Production of thermoplastic resin |
| GB8616453D0 (en) * | 1986-07-05 | 1986-08-13 | Imp Smelting Processes | Agglomeration of oxidic & metallic solids |
| FR2714326B1 (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1996-03-01 | Luzenac Talc | Process for treating a talcum powder in order to incorporate it into a material, in particular a thermoplastic material. |
| RU2126208C1 (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 1999-02-20 | Товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-производственная фирма "Исследовательский центр" | Method of insectoacaricide pencil preparing |
| CN112354485A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-12 | 河北小蜜蜂工具集团有限公司 | Dissolving agent for granulation glue, granulation glue and application of granulation glue |
-
1965
- 1965-12-14 DE DEC37672A patent/DE1279658B/en active Pending
-
1966
- 1966-04-28 DE DE19661669783 patent/DE1669783A1/en active Pending
- 1966-06-28 DE DE19661542067 patent/DE1542067A1/en active Pending
- 1966-07-01 DE DE19661542068 patent/DE1542068A1/en active Pending
- 1966-10-04 IL IL2663866A patent/IL26638A/en unknown
- 1966-12-08 GB GB5501966A patent/GB1178846A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-12-09 NL NL6617285A patent/NL6617285A/xx unknown
- 1966-12-13 FR FR87248A patent/FR1505023A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-12-13 SE SE345670A patent/SE370706B/xx unknown
- 1966-12-14 CH CH1787166A patent/CH492478A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1966-12-14 AT AT1150466A patent/AT282557B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1966-12-14 JP JP8202166A patent/JPS4814778B1/ja active Pending
- 1966-12-14 CH CH1787466A patent/CH523715A/en unknown
- 1966-12-14 BE BE691192D patent/BE691192A/xx unknown
- 1966-12-14 CH CH1786666A patent/CH485804A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1966-12-19 NL NL6617761A patent/NL145582B/en unknown
- 1966-12-21 CS CS819466A patent/CS166212B2/cs unknown
-
1967
- 1967-03-23 AT AT279267A patent/AT283279B/en active
- 1967-03-23 AT AT279067A patent/AT283278B/en active
- 1967-04-24 AT AT382267A patent/AT280958B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1970
- 1970-01-26 BE BE744929D patent/BE744929R/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CS166212B2 (en) | 1976-02-27 |
| IL26638A (en) | 1970-12-24 |
| DE1279658B (en) | 1968-10-10 |
| AT283278B (en) | 1970-07-27 |
| AT283279B (en) | 1970-07-27 |
| NL6617285A (en) | 1967-06-15 |
| FR1505023A (en) | 1967-12-08 |
| NL6617761A (en) | 1968-03-18 |
| BE744929R (en) | 1970-07-01 |
| SE370706B (en) | 1974-10-28 |
| CH492478A (en) | 1970-06-30 |
| NL145582B (en) | 1975-04-15 |
| CH485804A (en) | 1970-02-15 |
| BE691192A (en) | 1967-05-16 |
| DE1542067A1 (en) | 1970-03-12 |
| DE1669783A1 (en) | 1970-10-29 |
| AT280958B (en) | 1970-05-11 |
| AT282557B (en) | 1970-07-10 |
| JPS4814778B1 (en) | 1973-05-10 |
| DE1542068A1 (en) | 1970-03-12 |
| GB1178846A (en) | 1970-01-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PLZ | Patent of addition ceased |