CH481348A

CH481348A - Liquid fuel and natural draft burner

Info

Publication number: CH481348A
Application number: CH453967A
Authority: CH
Inventors: Caignet Michel
Original assignee: Eau Noire Fonderies
Priority date: 1966-04-02
Filing date: 1967-03-31
Publication date: 1969-11-15

Description

Brüleur ä combustible liquide et ä tirage naturel La presente invention a pour objet un brüleur ä coln- bustible liquide et ä tirage naturel comprenant un pot et un 6tranglement s'ouvrant vers 1'exterieur et des orifices d'entree d'air disposes en rangees superposees. The present invention relates to a natural draft liquid fuel burner comprising a pot and an outwardly opening throttle and air inlets arranged in rows. superimposed.

Ce brüleur est caracterise en ce que, en correspon- dance avec les orifices d'entree d'air, sont positionnes et disposds des dlements d6flecteurs conrus de maniere ä permettre 1e mdlange des veines d'air venant de ces orifi- ces avec la colonne montante de gaz en combustion. This burner is characterized in that, in correspondence with the air inlet orifices, are positioned and arranged deflector elements designed so as to allow the mixing of the air streams coming from these orifices with the column. rising gas in combustion.

Dans une rdalisation prefdr6e, an prdvoit au moins un dispositif ä claire-voie rdpartiteur de gaz form6 d'un as- semblage d'elements situ6s suivant des rayons du pot constitu6s par des ailettes plates disposees quasi paralle- lement au fond et laissant entre elles des passages pour les gaz ascendants. In a preferred embodiment, there is provided at least one open-work gas distributor device formed of an assembly of elements located along the radii of the pot consisting of flat fins arranged almost parallel to the bottom and leaving between them passages for ascending gases.

Des moyens pourraient etre prevus pour assurer ä la Partie supdrieure du pot une repartition homogene de cet air dans toute 1'etendue de la section d'dcoulement des gaz combustibles sans que soit masquee Pouverture par la- quelle s'effectue Papport de chaleur rayonnante necessaire ä la vaporisation du combustible et ä la surchauffe des vapeurs qui en resultent. Means could be provided to ensure, in the upper part of the pot, a homogeneous distribution of this air throughout the entire extent of the fuel gas flow section without the opening through which the necessary radiant heat is supplied being masked. to the vaporization of the fuel and the superheating of the resulting vapors.

Une forme de realisation du brüleur, objet de Pinven- tion, est ddcrite ä titre d'exemple en se referant au dessin annexe la fig. 1 est une vue en coupe verticale du brüleur de cette forme de rdalisation ; les fig. 2 et 2A sont les coupes selon les lignes II-11 et IIA-IIA de la fig. 1 ; les fig. 3 ä 6 sont des vues explicatives. One embodiment of the burner, object of the invention, is described by way of example with reference to the drawing appended to FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the burner of this embodiment; the figs. 2 and 2A are the sections along lines II-11 and IIA-IIA of FIG. 1; the figs. 3 to 6 are explanatory views.

Dans 1e brüleur reprdsentd, 1 est 1e pot de combus- tion du combustible liquide delimitant une chambre de gazeification de section circulaire et comprenant des ori- fices 2 d'amen6e d'air disposds sur la hauteur en rangfies superposees alimentees en air Primaire par un espace cir- culaire 3 situe autour du pot 1 et ddlimite par une paroi 4 donnant lieu avec Penveloppe 5 ä la formation dune ehe- minee d'amende d'air secondaire ä une chambre 6 situee ä la Partie superieure du brüleur et alimentant des orifi- ces 7 disposes dans un etranglement 8 s'ouvrant vers 1'ex- t6rieur faisant suite dans 1'exemple reprdsente ä un an- neau conique 81. In the burner shown, 1 is the liquid fuel combustion pot delimiting a gasification chamber of circular section and comprising air supply orifices 2 arranged vertically in superimposed rows supplied with Primary air by a circular space 3 located around the pot 1 and delimited by a wall 4 giving rise with the casing 5 to the formation of a secondary air fine heme to a chamber 6 located at the upper part of the burner and supplying orifices - these 7 arranged in a constriction 8 opening towards the outside following in the example represented a conical ring 81.

Dans 1'exemple represente, les rangees debouchant Jans 1e pot sont au nombre de six. In the example shown, the rows leading to the pot are six in number.

Dans 1e fond du pot 1 est forme un bossage 9 muni d'un orifice d'introduction de combustible auquel aboutit une canalisation 10. In the first bottom of the pot 1 is formed a boss 9 provided with a fuel introduction orifice which leads to a pipe 10.

ARTI ID="0001.0271" WI="15" HE="4" LX="1217" LY="1697"> l'interieur du pot 1 et ä differents niveaux suivant la hauteur sont positionndes des ailettes plates 15 s'eten- dant suivant des rayons du pot entre, dune Part, une bague interieure ou centrale 16 ä laquelle elles sont sou- dees par 1'intermediaire d'un repli 152 et, d'autre Part, une bague exterieure 14 1e long de la cuve ä laquelle ils sont soudes par un repli 151. ARTI ID="0001.0271" WI="15" HE="4" LX="1217" LY="1697"> inside the pot 1 and at different levels depending on the height are positioned flat fins 15 extending along the radii of the pot between, on the one hand, an inner or central ring 16 to which they are welded by means of a fold 152 and, on the other hand, an outer ring 14 along the tank at which they are welded by a fold 151.

La bague 14 est soutenue par des crochets 13 fixes au pot 1 et prevus chaque fois de Part et d'autre dune ailette plate 15 ; la bague 14 est formee de deux demi-bagues soutenues ä chaque extremite par des taquets en equerre 12 fixes au pot 1 par des rivets 121 ou d'autres organes de fixation (fig. 1 et 6) qui, en se plapnt entre les replis 141 de la bague 14, servent de positionneur pour celle-ci. The ring 14 is supported by hooks 13 fixed to the pot 1 and provided each time on either side of a flat fin 15; the ring 14 is formed of two half-rings supported at each end by angled cleats 12 fixed to the pot 1 by rivets 121 or other fixing elements (fig. 1 and 6) which, by placing themselves between the folds 141 of the ring 14, serve as a positioner for it.

Habituellement, les ailettes plates 15 sont inchnees et descendent depuis la bague centrale 16 jusqu'ä la bague peripherique 14 et laissent entre elles des passages 17 pour les gaz ascendants. Usually the flat fins 15 are indented and descend from the central ring 16 to the peripheral ring 14 and leave passages 17 between them for the rising gases.

La disposition des ailettes plates 15 suivant les rayons est telle que chaque fois une ailette se trouve au-dessus et en face d'un trou 21 (fig. 5) d'amenee d'air Primaire de telle Sorte que la veine d'air introduite par 21 en venant frapper la face inferieure de 1'ailette 15 provoque une deviation du courant ascendant de gaz vers les espaces 17 situes entre les ailettes radiales 15 (fig. 3) afin que les gaz soient bien me1angds et que ceux-ci soient soumis ä Paction de la veine d'air sortant des orifices 2 (fig. 2 et 3) medians ; an rEalise donc ainsi ä differents niveaux chaque fois un repartiteur ä claire-voie assurant une oxy- dation bien reguliere et homogene des gaz et une amOio- ration appreciable de la regulation du fonctionnement. The arrangement of the flat fins 15 along the radii is such that each time a fin is above and opposite a hole 21 (fig. 5) for supplying Primary air so that the air stream introduced by 21 by striking the lower face of the fin 15 causes a deflection of the ascending current of gas towards the spaces 17 located between the radial fins 15 (FIG. 3) so that the gases are well mixed and that these are subjected to the action of the stream of air leaving the median orifices 2 (FIGS. 2 and 3); An thus achieves at different levels each time a slatted distributor ensuring a very regular and homogeneous oxidation of the gases and an appreciable improvement in the regulation of the operation.

Ces elements repartiteurs de gaz sont avantageuse- ment realises en un metal ä falble inertie calorifique et sont ainsi rapidement portes au rouge avec une falble depense calorifique, ce qui est de nature ä favoriser 1'eva- poration du combustible sur 1e fond de la cuve. These gas distributor elements are advantageously made of a metal with a low heat inertia and are thus quickly brought to the red with a low heat expenditure, which is likely to favor the evaporation of the fuel on the bottom of the vessel. .

Cette evaporation due au rayonnement de la flamme et du repartiteur est de la sorte regularisee et la combus- tion se realise dans d'excellentes conditions de tempe- rature. This evaporation due to the radiation of the flame and the distributor is thus regularized and the combustion takes place under excellent temperature conditions.

L'utilisation d'un repartiteur de gaz ainsi con@u per- met en outre Fascension des gaz sans etranglement et a lieu dune maniere absolument naturelle. The use of a gas distributor designed in this way also allows the ascent of gases without throttling and takes place in an absolutely natural manner.

Sur Ntranglement 8 sont fixees des tuyeres 11 incli- nees en oblique vers 1e haut. On Nthrottle 8 are fixed nozzles 11 inclined obliquely upwards.

Ces tuyeres convergentes 11, qui prennent naissance Jans Ntranglement 8 sous la rangee unique d'orifices 7, amenent un complement d'air secondaire au centre de la colonne montante des gaz ascendants, ce qui assure une meilleure oxydation de ces gaz. These convergent nozzles 11, which originate Jans Ntranglement 8 under the single row of orifices 7, bring additional secondary air to the center of the rising column of ascending gases, which ensures better oxidation of these gases.

L'on sait en effet que 1'importance de Pouverture amenagee ä la partie superieure du brüleur determine la puissance dvaporatoire de celui-ci et par consequent sa puissance potentielle. It is known in fact that the size of the opening provided at the upper part of the burner determines the evaporation power of the latter and consequently its potential power.

Dans 1e pot, une aeration limitee assure la conversion des vapeurs surchauffees en gaz combustibles stables, et ceux-ei, au fur et ä mesure de leur production, debou- chent dans Ia chambre de combustion superposee au brü- leur par Pouverture formee par 1'dtranglement B. Cette ouverture est ceinturee par les orifices 7 d'admission d'air secondaire. In the pot, limited aeration ensures the conversion of superheated vapors into stable combustible gases, and these, as they are produced, emerge into the combustion chamber superimposed on the burner through the opening formed by 1 'Dthrottling B. This opening is surrounded by the ports 7 secondary air intake.

0n comprend que dans ces conditions Papport d'air secondaire est reparti dune maniere homogene dans toute la section d'ecoulement de la colonne ascendante de gaz sans toutefois masquer Pouverture par Iaquelle s'effectue Je transfert de chaleur rayonnante necessaire ä la vapori- sation du combustible et ä la surchauffe des vapeurs qui en resultent En pratique, il est fait usage d'un nombre approprie de tuyeres 11 dirigees radialement vers 1e centre de la seetion d'ecoulement et dont la longueur et Forientation sont choisies de maniere ä assurer 1'oxydation du noyau par Fintroduction de veines multiples d'air rechauffe. It is understood that under these conditions the supply of secondary air is distributed in a homogeneous manner throughout the flow section of the ascending column of gas without however masking the opening through which the transfer of radiant heat necessary for the vaporization of the gas takes place. fuel and the resulting overheating of the vapors. oxidation of the core by the introduction of multiple streams of heated air.

En plus de la distribution periphdrique de Fair secon- daire, cette disposition a comme avantage de s'opposer ä Pallongement excessif du flambeau, de permettre une meilleure utilisation de Fespace de combustion et d'evi- ter tont contact entre les surfaces d'echange froides et les produits de reactions RTI ID="0002.0274" WI="19" HE="4" LX="511" LY="2132"> incompletes. In addition to the peripheral distribution of the secondary Air, this arrangement has the advantage of preventing excessive elongation of the torch, of allowing better use of the combustion space and of avoiding any contact between the heat exchange surfaces. cold and incomplete RTI ID="0002.0274" WI="19" HE="4" LX="511" LY="2132"> reaction products.

D'autre part, an obtient une augmentation des fonc- tionnements entre les allures minimum et maximum. On the other hand, an obtains an increase in operation between the minimum and maximum rates.

Claims

CLAIM Burner with liquid fuel and with natural draft comprising a pot and a constriction opening towards the outside (8) and air inlet orifices arranged in superimposed rows, characterized in that, in correspondence Positioned with the air inlets are deflector elements designed to allow mixing of the air streams from these orifices with the rising column of burning gas. 1. Burner according to claim, characterized in that the deflector elements are constituted by at least one openwork device in the form of an assembly of elements located along the radii of the pot (1), constituted by fins (15) arranged almost parallel to the bottom and leaving between them passages for the ascending gases. z. Burner according to claim, characterized by means by which an admission of complementary secondary air ensures the upper part of the pot a homogeneous distribution of this air throughout the entire extent of the flow section of the combustible gases. 3. Burner according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized in that the fins (15) of the slatted distributor are arranged in an inclined manner descending from an inner ring (16) towards a ring (14) provided along the inner wall of the pot, attachment to these fins taking place by means of folds (151-152) provided at the ends. 4. Burner according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized in that the gas distributor devices formed by an assembly of fins (15) arranged along the radii of the pot are made in such a way as to cause a deflection of the ascending gas flow towards median orifices (22) located between two fins. 5. Burner according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized in that the fins (15) arranged along the radii of the pot are made of metal with low calorific inertia so as to promote combustion. 6. Burner according to claim, characterized by nozzles (11) arranged in the throttle (8) directed radially towards the center of the rising flow section so as to ensure the oxidation of the core of the rising gas column by the introduction of multiple streams of heated air. 7. Burner according to sub-claim 6, characterized in that the nozzles (I1) start from the wall of the pot at the upper part and are directed in a convergent manner towards the inside of the head. B. Burner according to sub-claim 6, comprising at the upper part of the pot a conical ring (81) which gives rise to the upper opening of the burner and to which follows the restriction (8) opening towards the outside. perforated with orifices (7) arranged in a single row, characterized by converging nozzles originating in the constriction (8) under the single row of holes (7).