EP0006825A2 - Dryer for cereals - Google Patents

Dryer for cereals Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0006825A2
EP0006825A2 EP79810048A EP79810048A EP0006825A2 EP 0006825 A2 EP0006825 A2 EP 0006825A2 EP 79810048 A EP79810048 A EP 79810048A EP 79810048 A EP79810048 A EP 79810048A EP 0006825 A2 EP0006825 A2 EP 0006825A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
enclosure
inlet
air
outlet
passes
Prior art date
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Application number
EP79810048A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0006825A3 (en
Inventor
Virgiliu Th. Razus
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0006825A2 publication Critical patent/EP0006825A2/en
Publication of EP0006825A3 publication Critical patent/EP0006825A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/16—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials passing down a heated surface, e.g. fluid-heated closed ducts or other heating elements in contact with the moving stack of material

Definitions

  • Cereal dryers are known in which the cereal grains are in direct contact with hot combustion gases originating from the combustion of solid or liquid fuels. These dryers have a good thermal efficiency but the condensable products contained in the combustion gases are partially deposited on the goods and alter their quality.
  • Cereal dryers are also known in which the cereal grains are dried by air heated by tube radiators in which steam circulates.
  • the cereals thus dried are of good quality, but indirect drying by steam has a poor thermal efficiency and therefore consumes a lot of fuel.
  • the present invention combines the advantages of the two known systems, by drying the cereals with air heated by a heat exchanger through which the combustion gases pass.
  • the grain dryer shown has a vertical metal enclosure 1 with open ends, rectangular in horizontal section. This enclosure is divided from top to bottom into a converging transpiration section 2, a middle section 3 and a diverging cooling section 4. On one side of the middle section is fixed a combustion chamber 5 in which the flame of a burner burns. oil 5A.
  • the combustion gases exit from the chamber 5 via two conduits 6 and 7.
  • the gases leaving the conduit 6 reach a heat exchanger 8 placed laterally outside the enclosure, on the upper half of the middle section.
  • This heat exchanger is in the form of a radiator comprising a distributor duct 9, a vertical row of horizontal tubes 9 A with external fins and a manifold duct 10.
  • the combustion gases are finally evacuated through a suction blower 11 to a smoke duct not shown.
  • the combustion gases leaving the combustion chamber 5 via the pipe 7 circulate in a coil 12 lining the internal surface of the transpiration section 2 and are evacuated through a suction blower 13 also towards a smoke duct not shown.
  • a gas temperature adjustment chamber respectively 14 and 15, provided with a dilution air inlet orifice controlled by a register, respectively 16 and 16 A.
  • the rear wall of the middle section 3 is pierced with two circular orifices 17 and 18 in which are mounted two suction fans not shown.
  • the orifice 17 is located at the level of the radiator 8.
  • the front wall of the median section 3 is pierced by two rectangular openings 17 A and 18 A, one at the level of the radiator and of the same size as the latter, the other at the lower orifice 18.
  • baffles 19 of cylindrical shape convex upward, extending from the anterior wall to the rear wall of the enclosure. These baffles are arranged in several horizontal rows in staggered rows, spaces being provided between the rows and between the baffles of the same row.
  • the cereal grains brought above the upper orifice of the enclosure 1 by any suitable means, such as a ribbon conveyor, fall into the upper section 2, or of perspiration, and pass through it. In this section, the grains are heated by radiation by the coil 12 and lose their surface moisture.
  • the grains then fall into the middle section 3 of the enclosure, where they meet a horizontal current of air heated by the radiator 8, which current enters through the opening 17 A situated opposite the radiator in the anterior wall, and leaves through the suction fan placed in the orifice 17, the grains thus dried continue their fall in the middle section 3 and meet a cold horizontal air flow which enters the enclosure through the opening 18 A of the anterior wall , located at the orifice 18, and which exits through the suction fan mounted in this orifice 18,
  • the grains are temporarily retained by the baffles 19 for their partial cooling, after which they finish their cooling in the lower section 4 where they move against the current in an ascending cold air stream, also drawn in by the fan mounted in the orifice 18.
  • the grains, leaving through the lower orifice of the enclosure 1 are collected and routed to a storage location by any suitable means, such as a ribbon conveyor, not shown.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The dryer comprises a vertical elongate open-ended enclosure (1). A combustion chamber (5) provides hot combustion gases which divide into two flows: one passes through a serpentine (12) lining an upper section of the enclosure and the other passes through a radiator (8) which heats a current of air before the latter passes through the enclosure horizontally by passing through openings (17A and 17) of the enclosure. The enclosure is also passed through horizontally by a current of cold air which passes through openings (18A and 18) below the current of hot air. The cereal grains pass through the enclosure vertically from top to bottom under the effect of gravity. They are dried with good thermal efficiency and without coming into contact with the combustion gases. <IMAGE>

Description

On connaît des séchoirs à céréales dans lesquels les grains de céréales sont en contact direct avec des gaz de combustion chauds provenant de la combustion de combustibles solides ou liquides. Ces séchoirs ont un bon rendement thermique mais les produits condensables contenus dans les gaz de combustion se déposent partiellement sur la marchandise et en altèrent la qualité.Cereal dryers are known in which the cereal grains are in direct contact with hot combustion gases originating from the combustion of solid or liquid fuels. These dryers have a good thermal efficiency but the condensable products contained in the combustion gases are partially deposited on the goods and alter their quality.

On connaît également des séchoirs à céréales dans lesquels les grains de céréales sont séchés par de l'air chauffé par des radiateurs à tubes dans lesquels de la vapeur circule. Les céréales ainsi séchées sont de bonne qualité mais le séchage indirect par la vapeur a un mauvais rendement thermique et, de ce fait, est gros consommateur de combustible.Cereal dryers are also known in which the cereal grains are dried by air heated by tube radiators in which steam circulates. The cereals thus dried are of good quality, but indirect drying by steam has a poor thermal efficiency and therefore consumes a lot of fuel.

La présente invention associe les avantages des deux systèmes connus, en séchant les céréales par de l'air chauffé par un échangeur de chaleur parcouru par des gaz de combustion.The present invention combines the advantages of the two known systems, by drying the cereals with air heated by a heat exchanger through which the combustion gases pass.

La figure unique du dessin annexé représente, à titre d'exemple, une forme d'exécution du séchoir, objet de l'invention, en élévation avec arrachage partiel et en coupe axiale derrière les parties arrachées.The single figure of the accompanying drawing shows, by way of example, an embodiment of the drier, object of the invention, in elevation with partial tearing and in axial section behind the torn parts.

Le séchoir à céréales représenté comporte une enceinte métallique verticale 1 à extrémités ouvertes, rectangulaire en section horizontale. Cette enceinte est divisée de haut en bas en un tronçon de transpiration convergent 2, un tronçon médian 3 et un tronçon de refroidissement divergent 4. Sur un côté du tronçon médian est fixée une chambre de combustion 5 dans laquelle brûle la flamme d'un brûleur à huile 5A. Les gaz de combustion sortent de la chambre 5 par deux conduits 6 et 7. Les gaz sortant du conduit 6 parviennent à un échangeur de chaleur 8 placé latéralement à l'extérieur de l'enceinte, sur la moitié supérieure du tronçon médian. Cet échangeur de chaleur se présente sous la forme d'un radiateur comportant un conduit distributeur 9, une rangée verticale de tubes horizontaux 9 A à ailettes extérieures et un conduit collecteur 10. Les gaz de combustion sont finalement évacués à travers une soufflerie aspirante 11 vers un conduit de fumée non représenté. Les gaz de combustion sortant de la chambre de combustion 5 par le conduit 7 circulent dans un serpentin 12 tapissant la surface intérieure du tronçon de transpiration 2 et sont évacués à travers une soufflerie aspirante 13 également vers un conduit de fumée non représenté. Sur chacun des conduits 6 et 7 est intercalée une chambre de réglage de la température des gaz, respectivement 14 et 15, munie d'un orifice d'entrée d'air de dilution commandé par un registre, respectivement 16 et 16 A.The grain dryer shown has a vertical metal enclosure 1 with open ends, rectangular in horizontal section. This enclosure is divided from top to bottom into a converging transpiration section 2, a middle section 3 and a diverging cooling section 4. On one side of the middle section is fixed a combustion chamber 5 in which the flame of a burner burns. oil 5A. The combustion gases exit from the chamber 5 via two conduits 6 and 7. The gases leaving the conduit 6 reach a heat exchanger 8 placed laterally outside the enclosure, on the upper half of the middle section. This heat exchanger is in the form of a radiator comprising a distributor duct 9, a vertical row of horizontal tubes 9 A with external fins and a manifold duct 10. The combustion gases are finally evacuated through a suction blower 11 to a smoke duct not shown. The combustion gases leaving the combustion chamber 5 via the pipe 7 circulate in a coil 12 lining the internal surface of the transpiration section 2 and are evacuated through a suction blower 13 also towards a smoke duct not shown. On each of the conduits 6 and 7 is interposed a gas temperature adjustment chamber, respectively 14 and 15, provided with a dilution air inlet orifice controlled by a register, respectively 16 and 16 A.

La paroi postérieure du tronçon médian 3 est percée de deux orifices circulaires 17 et 18 dans lesquels sont montés deux ventilateurs aspirants non représentés. L'orifice 17 se trouve au niveau du radiateur 8. La paroi antérieure du tronçon médian 3 est percée de deux ouvertures rectangulaires 17 A et 18 A, l'une au niveau du radiateur et de même grandeur que celui-ci, l'autre au niveau de l'orifice inférieur 18.The rear wall of the middle section 3 is pierced with two circular orifices 17 and 18 in which are mounted two suction fans not shown. The orifice 17 is located at the level of the radiator 8. The front wall of the median section 3 is pierced by two rectangular openings 17 A and 18 A, one at the level of the radiator and of the same size as the latter, the other at the lower orifice 18.

La partie inférieure du tronçon médian 3 est garnie de chicanes 19 de forme cylindrique convexe vers le haut, s'étendant de la paroi antérieure à la paroi postérieure de l'enceinte. Ces chicanes sont disposées en plusieurs rangées horizontales en quinconce,des espaces étant ménagés entre les rangées et entre les chicanes d'une même rangée.The lower part of the middle section 3 is provided with baffles 19 of cylindrical shape convex upward, extending from the anterior wall to the rear wall of the enclosure. These baffles are arranged in several horizontal rows in staggered rows, spaces being provided between the rows and between the baffles of the same row.

En fonctionnement, les grains de céréales, amenés au-dessus de l'orifice supérieur de l'enceinte 1 par tout moyen approprié, tel qu'un transporteur à ruban, tombent dans le tronçon supérieur 2, ou de transpiration, et le traversent. Dans ce tronçon, les grains sont chauffés par rayonnement par le serpentin 12 et perdent leur humidité superficielle. Les grains tombent ensuite dans le tronçon médian 3 de l'enceinte, où ils rencontrent un courant horizontal d'air chauffé par le radiateur 8, lequel courant pénètre par l'ouverture 17 A située en regard du radiateur dans la paroi antérieure, et sort à travers le ventilateur aspirant placé dans l'orifice 17, Les grains ainsi séchés poursuivent leur chute dans le tronçon médian 3 et rencontrent un courant d'air horizontal froid qui entre dans l'enceinte à travers l'ouverture 18 A de la paroi antérieure, située au niveau de l'orifice 18, et qui sort à travers le ventilateur aspirant monté dans cet orifice 18, Les grains sont temporairement retenus par les chicanes 19 pour leur refroidissement partiel, après quoi ils terminent leur refroidissement dans le tronçon inférieur 4 où ils se déplacent à contre-courant dans un courant d'air froid ascendant, également aspiré par le ventilateur monté dans l'orifice 18. Les grains, sortant par l'orifice inférieur de l'enceinte 1, sont recueillis et acheminés vers un lieu de stockage par tout moyen approprié, tel qu'un transporteur à ruban, non représenté.In operation, the cereal grains, brought above the upper orifice of the enclosure 1 by any suitable means, such as a ribbon conveyor, fall into the upper section 2, or of perspiration, and pass through it. In this section, the grains are heated by radiation by the coil 12 and lose their surface moisture. The grains then fall into the middle section 3 of the enclosure, where they meet a horizontal current of air heated by the radiator 8, which current enters through the opening 17 A situated opposite the radiator in the anterior wall, and leaves through the suction fan placed in the orifice 17, the grains thus dried continue their fall in the middle section 3 and meet a cold horizontal air flow which enters the enclosure through the opening 18 A of the anterior wall , located at the orifice 18, and which exits through the suction fan mounted in this orifice 18, The grains are temporarily retained by the baffles 19 for their partial cooling, after which they finish their cooling in the lower section 4 where they move against the current in an ascending cold air stream, also drawn in by the fan mounted in the orifice 18. The grains, leaving through the lower orifice of the enclosure 1, are collected and routed to a storage location by any suitable means, such as a ribbon conveyor, not shown.

Claims (4)

1. Séchoir à céréales, caractérisé par une enceinte présentant un orifice d'entrée et un orifice de sortie pour les grains de céréales, un orifice d'entrée et un orifice de sortie d'air chaud, des moyens pour faire circuler l'air à travers ces derniers orifices, un dispositif pour produire un courant de gaz de combustion chaud et un conduit reliant ledit dispositif à un échangeur de chaleur, ce dernier comportant une paroi dont une face est en contact avec le courant de gaz de combustion et l'autre face avec l'air immédiatement avant son entrée dans l'enceinte.1. Cereal dryer, characterized by an enclosure having an inlet and an outlet for cereal grains, an inlet and a hot air outlet, means for circulating air through these latter orifices, a device for producing a stream of hot combustion gas and a duct connecting said device to a heat exchanger, the latter comprising a wall, one face of which is in contact with the stream of combustion gas and the other side with air immediately before entering the enclosure. 2. Séchoir selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'enceinte est allongée et verticale, en ce que l'ori+ fice d'entrée des grains de céréales est à son extrémité supérieure et l'orifice de sortie des grains de céréales est à son extrémité inférieure afin que les grains se déplacent par gravité dans l'enceinte, en ce que l'enceinte comporte un tronçon supérieur sur la surface intérieure duquel est appliqué un tuyau alimenté en gaz de combustion et un tronçon sous-jacent au tronçon supérieur et dans lequel les orifices d'entrée et de sortie d'air chaud sont disposés de manière que l'air chaud circule horizontalement à travers l'enceinte.2. Drier according to claim 1, characterized in that the enclosure is elongated and vertical, in that the ori + inlet of the cereal grains is at its upper end and the outlet of the cereal grains is at its lower end so that the grains move by gravity in the enclosure, in that the enclosure has an upper section on the inner surface of which is applied a pipe supplied with combustion gas and a section underlying the upper section and in which the hot air inlet and outlet openings are arranged so that the hot air circulates horizontally through the enclosure. 3. Séchoir selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'enceinte présente des orifices d'entrée et de sortie d'air froid disposé en dessous des orifices d'entrée et de sortie d'air chaud et de manière que l'air froid circule horizontalement à travers l'enceinte, et des moyens pour faire circuler à l'air froid à travers les orifices d'entrée et de sortie d'air froid.3. A dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that the enclosure has cold air inlet and outlet openings disposed below the hot air inlet and outlet openings and so that the air cold circulates horizontally through the enclosure, and means for circulating cold air through the cold air inlet and outlet openings. 4. Séchoir selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le conduit reliant le dispositif de combustion à l'échangeur de chaleur comporte un orifice d'entrée d'air froid commandé par une vanne.4. Dryer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the duct connecting the combustion device to the heat exchanger comprises a cold air inlet orifice controlled by a valve.
EP79810048A 1978-07-05 1979-06-07 Dryer for cereals Withdrawn EP0006825A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH734078A CH615270A5 (en) 1978-07-05 1978-07-05
CH7340/78 1978-07-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0006825A2 true EP0006825A2 (en) 1980-01-09
EP0006825A3 EP0006825A3 (en) 1980-01-23

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EP79810048A Withdrawn EP0006825A3 (en) 1978-07-05 1979-06-07 Dryer for cereals

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EP (1) EP0006825A3 (en)
CH (1) CH615270A5 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8132337B1 (en) * 2008-02-27 2012-03-13 Robert Batey Method and apparatus for drying wood particles/sawdust and other particulate matter
CN106196997A (en) * 2016-07-06 2016-12-07 合肥良骏汽车材料有限公司 A kind of convection oven for producing roof of the vehicle
CN106839750A (en) * 2017-03-15 2017-06-13 合肥良骏汽车材料有限公司 A kind of fluorescent tube heated oven for producing vehicle top carpet
CN109539760A (en) * 2018-10-11 2019-03-29 宝钢工程技术集团有限公司 The dry gas vertical producer dry for coal dust

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191404589A (en) * 1914-02-23 1915-02-11 Ernest Samuelson Improvements in Means and Appliances for Heating, Drying, and Cooling Grain or the like.
FR25343E (en) * 1921-09-03 1923-01-24 Continuous automatic grain dryer
US1488903A (en) * 1923-12-19 1924-04-01 Birch James Ragland Drying and conditioning machine for cereals
US1707930A (en) * 1928-03-22 1929-04-02 Government And The People Of T Seed-cotton-drying apparatus
GB500734A (en) * 1937-08-19 1939-02-15 Andreas Gerasimou Fioratos Improvements relating to the drying of grain and pulse
FR1003024A (en) * 1946-11-21 1952-03-13 Improvements made to the means for drying pulverulent or granular materials, in particular vegetable seeds

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8132337B1 (en) * 2008-02-27 2012-03-13 Robert Batey Method and apparatus for drying wood particles/sawdust and other particulate matter
CN106196997A (en) * 2016-07-06 2016-12-07 合肥良骏汽车材料有限公司 A kind of convection oven for producing roof of the vehicle
CN106196997B (en) * 2016-07-06 2019-03-26 广德天运新技术股份有限公司 A convection oven for producing automobile roof
CN106839750A (en) * 2017-03-15 2017-06-13 合肥良骏汽车材料有限公司 A kind of fluorescent tube heated oven for producing vehicle top carpet
CN109539760A (en) * 2018-10-11 2019-03-29 宝钢工程技术集团有限公司 The dry gas vertical producer dry for coal dust

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0006825A3 (en) 1980-01-23
CH615270A5 (en) 1980-01-15

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