CH481112A - Process for the preparation of imidazole derivatives - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of imidazole derivatives

Info

Publication number
CH481112A
CH481112A CH150169A CH150169A CH481112A CH 481112 A CH481112 A CH 481112A CH 150169 A CH150169 A CH 150169A CH 150169 A CH150169 A CH 150169A CH 481112 A CH481112 A CH 481112A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
imidazole derivatives
nitro
preparation
methyl
formula
Prior art date
Application number
CH150169A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hoffer Max
Original Assignee
Hoffmann La Roche
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoffmann La Roche filed Critical Hoffmann La Roche
Priority claimed from CH610766A external-priority patent/CH469716A/en
Publication of CH481112A publication Critical patent/CH481112A/en

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D233/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D233/54Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D233/66Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D233/91Nitro radicals
    • C07D233/92Nitro radicals attached in position 4 or 5
    • C07D233/94Nitro radicals attached in position 4 or 5 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by oxygen or sulfur atoms, attached to other ring members
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D233/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D233/54Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D233/66Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D233/68Halogen atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D233/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D233/54Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D233/66Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D233/91Nitro radicals
    • C07D233/92Nitro radicals attached in position 4 or 5

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Description

  

  Verfahren zur Herstellung von Imidazolderivaten    Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung  von neuen Imidazolderivaten der Formel  
EMI0001.0000     
    worin R1 ein Halogenatom, R2 ein Wasserstoff- oder  Halogenatom oder eine niedere Alkylgruppe und R3 ein  Wasserstoff- oder Jodatom bedeuten.  



  Eine niedere Alkylgruppe, wie sie als R2-Substituent  vorliegen kann, ist vorzugsweise eine 1-7 C-Atome ent  haltende, geradkettige oder verzweigte Alkylgruppe, wie  Methyl, Äthyl, Propyl, Isopropyl oder Butyl. Als     Halo-          gensubstituenten        kommen    alle 4 Halogene in Betracht,  also Chlor, Brom, Jod und Fluor. Brom und Chlor bil  den eine bevorzugte Gruppe.    Das     erfindungsgemässe    Verfahren ist dadurch ge  kennzeichnet, dass man eine Verbindung der Formel  
EMI0001.0005     
    mit einer Halogenwasserstoffsäure umsetzt.  



  Diese Behandlung mit einer Halogenwasserstoffsäure  kann bei Raumtemperatur durch Zugabe der Säure er  folgen. Es kommen jedoch auch höhere und niedrigere  Temperaturen in Frage.  



  Die dabei als Ausgangsmaterialien verwendeten Ver  bindungen der Formel Ia können erhalten werden, indem  man ein 4(5)-Nitroimidazol der Formel II  
EMI0001.0006     
    worin eines der A-Symbole eine Nitrogruppe und das  andere ein Wasserstoff- oder Jodatom bedeutet,  mit einem Bis(3-halogen-2-hydroxypropyl)-sulfat um  setzt und das Umsetzungsprodukt mit einer starken Base,  wie     NaOH    oder     KOH,        behandelt.        Diese    Umsetzung mit      dem Bis(3-halogen-2-hydroxypropyl)-sulfat wird     zweck-          mässig    bei erhöhter Temperatur, z. B. zwischen 120  C  und I40  C vorgenommen.  



  Die als Ausgangsstoffe für die Herstellung von ent  sprechenden 4-Jod-5-nitro- bzw.     5-Jod-4-nitro-verbindun-          gen    verwendbaren     2-nieder-Alkyl-4(5)-jod-5(4)-nitro-          -imidazole    werden vorzugsweise durch Nitrierung von  2-nieder-Alkyl-4,5-dijod-imidazol gewonnen. Die Be  handlung einer solchen Dijodverbindung mit einem     Ni-          trierungsmittel    führt überraschenderweise zum Austausch  eines der beiden     Jodatome    durch eine Nitrogruppe. Als  Nitrierungsmittel kann beispielsweise eine Mischung von  konzentrierter Schwefelsäure und Salpetersäure verwen  det werden.

   Die Nitrierung erfolgt zweckmässig bei Tem  peraturen unterhalb Raumtemperatur, vorzugsweise un  terhalb etwa 10  C.  



  Die Verfahrensprodukte können erwünschtenfalls mit  Säuren in Salze übergeführt werden. Zur Salzbildung  sind z. B. starke Säuren, wie Halogenwasserstoffsäuren,  geeignet.  



  Die     Verfahrensprodukte    zeichnen sich durch chemo  therapeutische Aktivität aus. Sie können zur Behandlung  von durch pathogene Protozoen (z. B. gewissen Amöben  arten) verursachten Infektionen verwendet werden, im  besondern als Trichomonacide, z. B. gegen Trichomonas  vaginalis. Die 5-Nitro-isomeren haben sich als besonders  wirksame Trichomonacide erwiesen. Die Verfahrenspro  dukte können, z. B. oral, in den üblichen pharmazeuti  schen Formen, gegebenenfalls im Gemisch mit den üb  lichen organischen oder anorganischen Trägermaterialien  wie Stärke, Lactose, Sucrose, Gelatine,     Magnesiumstea-          rat,    Talk, vegetabilische Öle oder Gummi) verabreicht  werden.

   Sie können auch noch andere therapeutisch  wertvolle Stoffe und/oder Hilfsstoffe, wie     Konservie-          rungs-,    Stabilisierungs-, Netz- oder Emulgiermittel, ent  halten. Die pharmazeutischen Präparate können in fester  oder flüssiger Form vorliegen, z. B. als Tabletten, Kap  seln, Lösungen oder Emulsionen.  



  Im nachfolgenden Beispiel sind die Temperaturen in  Celsiusgraden angegeben.  



  <I>Beispiel</I>  Ein Gemisch von 50 g 2-Methyl-4(oder     5)-nitro-imid-          azol    und 125 g Bis-(3-chlor-2-hydroxypropyl)-sulfat wird  3 Stunden unter Rühren auf 125-135  erhitzt. Der resul  tierende homogene Sirup wird abgekühlt und in 80 ml  Wasser bei einer Temperatur unterhalb 40  gelöst. Die  Lösung wird auf l0-15  abgekühlt und bei l0-20  mit  einer wässerigen Lösung von Natriumhydroxyd (l50 ml,  3-n) und mit Methylenchlorid (200 ml) versetzt. Nach  Trennung der Schichten wird die wässrige Lösung noch  einmal mit 100 ml Methylenchlorid extrahiert. Die ver  einigten Methylenchloridschichten werden mehrmals  mit 3-n wässrigen Natriumhydroxydlösung gewaschen.  Das Methylenchlorid wird durch Vakuumdestillation ent  fernt. Der Rückstand wird mit Äther zur Kristallisation  gebracht.

   Das so erhaltene     1-(2,3-Epoxypropyl)-2-methyl-          -5-nitro-imidazol    bildet nach Umkristallisation aus Was  ser oder Äthylacetat praktisch farblose Prismen und  schmilzt bei 110-111 .  



  Zu 30 ml konzentrierter wässeriger Salzsäure werden  5 g 1-(2,3-Epoxypropyl)-2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazol gege-    ben. Die Lösung wird 20 Minuten zum Sieden erhitzt,  dann abgekühlt, mit 30 ml Wasser verdünnt, sorgfältig  mit Ammoniak auf ein pH von 7-8 gebracht und     schliess-          lich    mit Ammoniumsulfat gesättigt. Das ausgeschiedene  Öl kristallisiert nach einigen Tagen.. Nach Umkristallisa  tion aus Toluol erhält man so     1-(3-Chlor-2-hydroxypro-          pyl)-2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazol    vom Schmelzpunkt 77-78 .  



  In analoger Weise erhält man     1-(3-Brom-2-hydroxy-          propyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol    als schweres Öl. Das  Pikrat dieser Verbindung kristallisiert und schmilzt  bei 137 .



  Process for the preparation of imidazole derivatives The invention relates to a process for the preparation of new imidazole derivatives of the formula
EMI0001.0000
    wherein R1 is a halogen atom, R2 is a hydrogen or halogen atom or a lower alkyl group and R3 is a hydrogen or iodine atom.



  A lower alkyl group, as it can be present as an R2 substituent, is preferably a straight-chain or branched alkyl group containing 1-7 C atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl or butyl. All 4 halogens are suitable as halogen substituents, that is, chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine. Bromine and chlorine are a preferred group. The inventive method is characterized in that a compound of the formula
EMI0001.0005
    reacted with a hydrohalic acid.



  This treatment with a hydrohalic acid can be carried out at room temperature by adding the acid. However, higher and lower temperatures are also possible.



  The compounds of the formula Ia used as starting materials can be obtained by adding a 4 (5) -nitroimidazole of the formula II
EMI0001.0006
    wherein one of the A symbols is a nitro group and the other is a hydrogen or iodine atom, with a bis (3-halogen-2-hydroxypropyl) sulfate and the reaction product is treated with a strong base such as NaOH or KOH. This reaction with the bis (3-halogen-2-hydroxypropyl) sulfate is expediently carried out at an elevated temperature, e.g. B. made between 120 C and I40 C.



  The 2-lower-alkyl-4 (5) -iodo-5 (4) -nitro which can be used as starting materials for the production of the corresponding 4-iodo-5-nitro or 5-iodo-4-nitro compounds - -imidazoles are preferably obtained by nitration of 2-lower-alkyl-4,5-diiodo-imidazole. The treatment of such a diiodine compound with a nitrating agent surprisingly leads to the replacement of one of the two iodine atoms by a nitro group. A mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid, for example, can be used as the nitrating agent.

   The nitration is expediently carried out at temperatures below room temperature, preferably below about 10 C.



  If desired, the products of the process can be converted into salts with acids. For salt formation z. B. strong acids such as hydrohalic acids are suitable.



  The products of the process are characterized by their chemotherapeutic activity. They can be used to treat infections caused by pathogenic protozoa (e.g. certain types of amoeba), in particular as trichomonacides, e.g. B. against Trichomonas vaginalis. The 5-nitro isomers have proven to be particularly effective trichomonacids. The procedural products can, for. B. orally, in the usual pharmaceutical forms, optionally mixed with the usual organic or inorganic carrier materials such as starch, lactose, sucrose, gelatin, magnesium stearate, talc, vegetable oils or gum) are administered.

   You can also contain other therapeutically valuable substances and / or auxiliary substances such as preservatives, stabilizers, wetting agents or emulsifiers. The pharmaceutical preparations can be in solid or liquid form, e.g. B. as tablets, capsules, solutions or emulsions.



  In the following example, the temperatures are given in degrees Celsius.



  <I> Example </I> A mixture of 50 g of 2-methyl-4 (or 5) -nitro-imid-azole and 125 g of bis (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) sulfate is stirred for 3 hours 125-135 heated. The resulting homogeneous syrup is cooled and dissolved in 80 ml of water at a temperature below 40. The solution is cooled to 10-15 and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (150 ml, 3-n) and methylene chloride (200 ml) are added at 10-20. After separating the layers, the aqueous solution is extracted once more with 100 ml of methylene chloride. The united methylene chloride layers are washed several times with 3N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The methylene chloride is removed by vacuum distillation. The residue is crystallized with ether.

   The 1- (2,3-epoxypropyl) -2-methyl- -5-nitro-imidazole obtained in this way forms practically colorless prisms after recrystallization from water or ethyl acetate and melts at 110-111.



  5 g of 1- (2,3-epoxypropyl) -2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazole are added to 30 ml of concentrated aqueous hydrochloric acid. The solution is heated to boiling for 20 minutes, then cooled, diluted with 30 ml of water, carefully brought to a pH of 7-8 with ammonia and finally saturated with ammonium sulphate. The separated oil crystallizes after a few days. After recrystallization from toluene, 1- (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) -2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazole with a melting point of 77-78 is obtained.



  In an analogous manner, 1- (3-bromo-2-hydroxypropyl) -2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole is obtained as a heavy oil. The picrate of this compound crystallizes and melts at 137.

 

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH Verfahren zur Herstellung von neuen Imidazolderiva- ten der Formel EMI0002.0026 worin R1 ein Halogenatom, R2 ein Wasserstoff- oder Halogenatom oder eine niedere Alkylgruppe und R3 ein Wasserstoff- oder Jodatom bedeuten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man eine Verbindung der Formel EMI0002.0027 mit einer Halogenwasserstoffsäure umsetzt. UNTERANSPRUCH Verfahren nach Patentanspruch, dadurch gekenn zeichnet, dass man 1-(2,3-Epoxypropyl)-2-methyl-5-nitro- imidazol mit Salzsäure umsetzt. PATENT CLAIM Process for the production of new imidazole derivatives of the formula EMI0002.0026 where R1 is a halogen atom, R2 is a hydrogen or halogen atom or a lower alkyl group and R3 is a hydrogen or iodine atom, characterized in that a compound of the formula EMI0002.0027 reacted with a hydrohalic acid. SUBSTANTIAL CLAIM Process according to patent claim, characterized in that 1- (2,3-epoxypropyl) -2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole is reacted with hydrochloric acid.
CH150169A 1965-05-19 1966-04-27 Process for the preparation of imidazole derivatives CH481112A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US45721265A 1965-05-19 1965-05-19
CH610766A CH469716A (en) 1965-05-19 1966-04-27 Process for the preparation of imidazole derivatives
US76890868A 1968-10-18 1968-10-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CH481112A true CH481112A (en) 1969-11-15

Family

ID=27175410

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH150169A CH481112A (en) 1965-05-19 1966-04-27 Process for the preparation of imidazole derivatives
CH1560368A CH481138A (en) 1965-05-19 1966-04-27 Process for the preparation of imidazole derivatives

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH1560368A CH481138A (en) 1965-05-19 1966-04-27 Process for the preparation of imidazole derivatives

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CH (2) CH481112A (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH481138A (en) 1969-11-15

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