CH341918A - Heterogeneous nuclear reactor - Google Patents
Heterogeneous nuclear reactorInfo
- Publication number
- CH341918A CH341918A CH341918DA CH341918A CH 341918 A CH341918 A CH 341918A CH 341918D A CH341918D A CH 341918DA CH 341918 A CH341918 A CH 341918A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- nuclear reactor
- heat
- carbon
- insulating layer
- heterogeneous nuclear
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/20—Partitions or thermal insulation between fuel channel and moderator
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Description
Heterogener Atomkernreaktor Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen heterogenen Atomkernreaktor mit einem flüssigen Moderator, welcher gegen den zum Entnehmen der im Spalt stoff erzeugten Wärme dienenden Wärmeträger mit tels einer Isolierschicht wärmeisoliert ist.
Die Erfindung besteht darin, dass als wärmeiso lierender Stoff der Isolierschicht Kohlenstoff dient. Gegenüber zum Beispiel keramischen Stoffen be sitzt der Kohlenstoff den Vorteil, dass er nur wenig Neutronen einfängt und dass er selber schon als Moderator wirkt. Diese beiden Eigenschaften wirken sich vorteilhaft, und zwar besonders im Sinne einer Verkleinerung der für das Anlaufen der Kettenreak tion erforderlichen Mindestgrösse des Reaktors aus. Vorteilhaft ist auch, dass im Kohlenstoff etwa noch vorhandener Graphit, welcher weniger gut gegen Wärme isoliert, in den Strahlungen des Reaktor innern mit der Zeit von selber in den amorphen Zustand übergeht, in welchem der Kohlenstoff seine beste Isolationswirkung besitzt.
Die Isolierwirkung der erfindungsgemässen Kohlenstoffisolierschicht ver bessert sich somit selbsttätig auf ein Optimum.
An Hand des in der Zeichnung dargestellten Aus- führunsgbeispiels soll die Erfindung noch näher er läutert werden: Die Zeichnung zeigt einen Querschnitt durch das stangenförmige Heizelement, das zusammen mit an dern gleichen, nicht gezeichneten Heizelementen im flüssigen Moderator 1 des Reaktors angeordnet ist. Als flüssiger Moderator 1 ist mit D20 angereichertes H20 gewählt. Der Kern 2 des Heizelementes besteht aus Spaltstoff, und zwar aus mit Uran 235 angerei chertem Uran 238. Er wird von einer schützenden Aluminiumhülle 3 umschlossen und in Richtung senkrecht zur Zeichenebene von Wasser umströmt, das als Wärmeträger 4 zum Entnehmen der im Spaltstoff 2 erzeugten Wärme dient.
Der strömende Wärmeträger 4 wird gegen den Moderator 1 mittels der Isolierschicht 5 abgegrenzt, deren wärmeisolie render Stoff Kohlenstoff ist.
Die Erfindung beschränkt sich nicht auf dieses Ausführungsbeispiel. So können insbesondere auch andere Anordnungen, andere Moderatoren, andere Spaltstoffe, andere Wärmeträger als die hier genann ten verwendet werden.
Heterogeneous atomic nuclear reactor The invention relates to a heterogeneous atomic nuclear reactor with a liquid moderator, which is thermally insulated from the heat transfer medium used to remove the heat generated in the fissile material by means of an insulating layer.
The invention consists in that carbon is used as the heat-insulating material of the insulating layer. Compared to ceramic materials, for example, carbon has the advantage that it only captures a small number of neutrons and that it itself acts as a moderator. These two properties have an advantageous effect, particularly in terms of reducing the size of the reactor required to start the chain reaction. It is also advantageous that any graphite still present in the carbon, which insulates less well against heat, automatically changes over time in the radiations of the reactor into the amorphous state in which the carbon has its best insulating effect.
The insulating effect of the carbon insulating layer according to the invention thus improves automatically to an optimum.
Using the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing, the invention will be explained in more detail: The drawing shows a cross section through the rod-shaped heating element, which is arranged in the liquid moderator 1 of the reactor together with the same heating elements (not shown). H20 enriched with D20 is selected as the liquid moderator 1. The core 2 of the heating element consists of fissile material, namely uranium 238 enriched with uranium 235. It is enclosed by a protective aluminum shell 3 and water flows around it in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing serves.
The flowing heat transfer medium 4 is delimited from the moderator 1 by means of the insulating layer 5, the heat-insulating material of which is carbon.
The invention is not restricted to this exemplary embodiment. In particular, other arrangements, other moderators, other fissile materials, other heat carriers than those mentioned here can also be used.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH341918T | 1956-09-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH341918A true CH341918A (en) | 1959-10-31 |
Family
ID=4505957
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH341918D CH341918A (en) | 1956-09-12 | 1956-09-12 | Heterogeneous nuclear reactor |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH341918A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3280003A (en) * | 1962-04-17 | 1966-10-18 | Euratom | Fuel element for nuclear reactors with pressure tubes |
DE1254258B (en) * | 1963-05-24 | 1967-11-16 | Fairey Eng | Graphite-moderated, gas-cooled, zero-power nuclear reactor |
DE1267349B (en) * | 1964-03-16 | 1968-05-02 | Euratom | Reactor channel with an insulating gap between an inner sleeve pipe and an outer pressure pipe |
-
1956
- 1956-09-12 CH CH341918D patent/CH341918A/en unknown
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3280003A (en) * | 1962-04-17 | 1966-10-18 | Euratom | Fuel element for nuclear reactors with pressure tubes |
DE1254258B (en) * | 1963-05-24 | 1967-11-16 | Fairey Eng | Graphite-moderated, gas-cooled, zero-power nuclear reactor |
DE1267349B (en) * | 1964-03-16 | 1968-05-02 | Euratom | Reactor channel with an insulating gap between an inner sleeve pipe and an outer pressure pipe |
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