CH341918A - Heterogeneous nuclear reactor - Google Patents

Heterogeneous nuclear reactor

Info

Publication number
CH341918A
CH341918A CH341918DA CH341918A CH 341918 A CH341918 A CH 341918A CH 341918D A CH341918D A CH 341918DA CH 341918 A CH341918 A CH 341918A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
nuclear reactor
heat
carbon
insulating layer
heterogeneous nuclear
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
German (de)
Original Assignee
Sulzer Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer Ag filed Critical Sulzer Ag
Publication of CH341918A publication Critical patent/CH341918A/en

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21CNUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C15/00Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
    • G21C15/20Partitions or thermal insulation between fuel channel and moderator
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Description

  

  Heterogener     Atomkernreaktor       Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen heterogenen  Atomkernreaktor mit einem flüssigen Moderator,  welcher gegen den zum Entnehmen der im Spalt  stoff erzeugten Wärme dienenden Wärmeträger mit  tels einer Isolierschicht wärmeisoliert ist.  



  Die     Erfindung    besteht darin, dass als wärmeiso  lierender Stoff der Isolierschicht Kohlenstoff dient.  Gegenüber zum Beispiel keramischen Stoffen be  sitzt der Kohlenstoff den Vorteil, dass er nur wenig  Neutronen einfängt und dass er selber schon als  Moderator wirkt. Diese beiden Eigenschaften wirken  sich     vorteilhaft,    und zwar besonders im     Sinne    einer  Verkleinerung der für das Anlaufen der Kettenreak  tion erforderlichen Mindestgrösse des Reaktors aus.  Vorteilhaft ist auch, dass im Kohlenstoff etwa noch  vorhandener Graphit, welcher weniger gut gegen  Wärme isoliert, in den Strahlungen des Reaktor  innern mit der Zeit von selber in den amorphen  Zustand übergeht, in welchem der Kohlenstoff seine  beste Isolationswirkung besitzt.

   Die Isolierwirkung  der erfindungsgemässen     Kohlenstoffisolierschicht    ver  bessert sich somit selbsttätig auf ein Optimum.  



  An Hand des in der Zeichnung dargestellten     Aus-          führunsgbeispiels    soll die Erfindung noch näher er  läutert werden:  Die Zeichnung zeigt einen Querschnitt durch das  stangenförmige Heizelement, das zusammen mit an  dern gleichen, nicht gezeichneten Heizelementen im    flüssigen Moderator 1 des Reaktors angeordnet ist.  Als flüssiger Moderator 1 ist mit D20 angereichertes       H20    gewählt. Der Kern 2 des Heizelementes besteht  aus Spaltstoff, und zwar aus mit Uran 235 angerei  chertem Uran 238. Er wird von einer schützenden       Aluminiumhülle    3 umschlossen und in Richtung  senkrecht zur Zeichenebene von Wasser umströmt,  das als Wärmeträger 4 zum Entnehmen der im  Spaltstoff 2 erzeugten Wärme dient.

   Der strömende       Wärmeträger    4 wird gegen den Moderator 1 mittels  der Isolierschicht 5 abgegrenzt, deren wärmeisolie  render Stoff Kohlenstoff ist.  



  Die Erfindung beschränkt sich nicht auf dieses  Ausführungsbeispiel. So können insbesondere auch  andere Anordnungen, andere Moderatoren, andere  Spaltstoffe, andere Wärmeträger als die hier genann  ten verwendet werden.



  Heterogeneous atomic nuclear reactor The invention relates to a heterogeneous atomic nuclear reactor with a liquid moderator, which is thermally insulated from the heat transfer medium used to remove the heat generated in the fissile material by means of an insulating layer.



  The invention consists in that carbon is used as the heat-insulating material of the insulating layer. Compared to ceramic materials, for example, carbon has the advantage that it only captures a small number of neutrons and that it itself acts as a moderator. These two properties have an advantageous effect, particularly in terms of reducing the size of the reactor required to start the chain reaction. It is also advantageous that any graphite still present in the carbon, which insulates less well against heat, automatically changes over time in the radiations of the reactor into the amorphous state in which the carbon has its best insulating effect.

   The insulating effect of the carbon insulating layer according to the invention thus improves automatically to an optimum.



  Using the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing, the invention will be explained in more detail: The drawing shows a cross section through the rod-shaped heating element, which is arranged in the liquid moderator 1 of the reactor together with the same heating elements (not shown). H20 enriched with D20 is selected as the liquid moderator 1. The core 2 of the heating element consists of fissile material, namely uranium 238 enriched with uranium 235. It is enclosed by a protective aluminum shell 3 and water flows around it in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing serves.

   The flowing heat transfer medium 4 is delimited from the moderator 1 by means of the insulating layer 5, the heat-insulating material of which is carbon.



  The invention is not restricted to this exemplary embodiment. In particular, other arrangements, other moderators, other fissile materials, other heat carriers than those mentioned here can also be used.

 

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH Heterogener Atomkernreaktor mit einem flüssi gen Moderator, welcher gegen den zum Entnehmen der im Spaltstoff erzeugten Wärme dienenden Wärme träger mittels einer Isolierschicht wärmeisoliert ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als wärmeisolierender Stoff der Isolierschicht Kohlenstoff dient. PATENT CLAIM Heterogeneous atomic nuclear reactor with a liquid moderator, which is thermally insulated against the heat carrier used to remove the heat generated in the fissile material by means of an insulating layer, characterized in that carbon is used as the heat insulating material of the insulating layer.
CH341918D 1956-09-12 1956-09-12 Heterogeneous nuclear reactor CH341918A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH341918T 1956-09-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CH341918A true CH341918A (en) 1959-10-31

Family

ID=4505957

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH341918D CH341918A (en) 1956-09-12 1956-09-12 Heterogeneous nuclear reactor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CH (1) CH341918A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3280003A (en) * 1962-04-17 1966-10-18 Euratom Fuel element for nuclear reactors with pressure tubes
DE1254258B (en) * 1963-05-24 1967-11-16 Fairey Eng Graphite-moderated, gas-cooled, zero-power nuclear reactor
DE1267349B (en) * 1964-03-16 1968-05-02 Euratom Reactor channel with an insulating gap between an inner sleeve pipe and an outer pressure pipe

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3280003A (en) * 1962-04-17 1966-10-18 Euratom Fuel element for nuclear reactors with pressure tubes
DE1254258B (en) * 1963-05-24 1967-11-16 Fairey Eng Graphite-moderated, gas-cooled, zero-power nuclear reactor
DE1267349B (en) * 1964-03-16 1968-05-02 Euratom Reactor channel with an insulating gap between an inner sleeve pipe and an outer pressure pipe

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