CH286271A - Knee joint for prostheses. - Google Patents
Knee joint for prostheses.Info
- Publication number
- CH286271A CH286271A CH286271DA CH286271A CH 286271 A CH286271 A CH 286271A CH 286271D A CH286271D A CH 286271DA CH 286271 A CH286271 A CH 286271A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- knee joint
- joint
- prostheses
- parts
- modeled
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
- A61F2/68—Operating or control means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
- A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
- A61F2/60—Artificial legs or feet or parts thereof
- A61F2/64—Knee joints
- A61F2/642—Polycentric joints, without longitudinal rotation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
- A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
- A61F2002/0817—Structure of the anchor
- A61F2002/0823—Modular anchors comprising a plurality of separate parts
- A61F2002/0829—Modular anchors comprising a plurality of separate parts without deformation of anchor parts, e.g. fixation screws on bone surface, extending barbs, cams, butterflies, spring-loaded pins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
- A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
- A61F2002/0847—Mode of fixation of anchor to tendon or ligament
- A61F2002/0864—Fixation of tendon or ligament between anchor elements, e.g. by additional screws in the anchor, anchor crimped around tendon
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
- A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
- A61F2002/0876—Position of anchor in respect to the bone
- A61F2002/0882—Anchor in or on top of a bone tunnel, i.e. a hole running through the entire bone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
- A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
- A61F2002/0876—Position of anchor in respect to the bone
- A61F2002/0888—Anchor in or on a blind hole or on the bone surface without formation of a tunnel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
- A61F2002/5007—Prostheses not implantable in the body having elastic means different from springs, e.g. including an elastomeric insert
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Description
Kniegelenk für Prothesen.
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kniegelenk für Prothesen, bei dem die Gelenkteile der anatomischen Knochenform nachgebildet sind und die Verbindung derselben durch flexible Bänder erfolgt.
Zahlreiche der bekanntgewordenen Bauarten von Prothesengelenken entsprechen der natürlichen anatomischen Funktion des Gelenkes nicht. Durch mehr oder weniger komplizierte mechanische Vorkehrungen vollführen ihre Teile vom Ablauf beim natürlichen Gelenk stark abweichende Bewegungen, die beim Gebrauch ein Schlenker und dergleichen zur Folge haben.
Soweit die bekannten Gelenke aber der anatomischen Knochenform angepasst sind und lediglich eine Verbindung der Gelenlrteile durch flexible Bänder vorgesehen ist, konnte eine volle Standsicherheit beim Beugen noeh nicht erzielt werden; in einzelnen Beugestellungen, die je nach den gerade herrschenden Umständen ihrer Lage nach verschieden sein können, ist ein plötzliches Abknicken möglich, wodurch der Prothesenträger die Herrschaft über die Prothese verliert und das beim Gebrauch von Prothesen so unerlässliche Gefühl der Sicherheit verliert.
Diese Nachteile können durch die Erfindung vermieden werden, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die einander berührenden Flächen der Gelenkteile derart ausgebildet sind, dass das Ausmass der sich berührenden FliebeuteiJe sich von einem unteren Wert in der Strecklage beim Übergang in die Beugen lage über einen Höchstwert auf einen niedrigeren Wert verändert. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass sieh mit jeder Veränderung der Beugelage auch die Flächenpressung zwischen Kugel und Pfanne ändert; damit ändert sich aber auch die Reibung zwischen den aufeinan der abrollenden Gelenkteilen und damit die Bremswirkung, welche die Sicherung jeder Beugelage gegen unwillkürliche Veränderungen gewährleistet.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Airsführungsbei spiel des Erfindungsgegenstandes dargestellt.
Die Fig. 1 bis 4 sowie 6 und 7 sind sehe matische Längsschnitte, während die Fig. 5 und 8 Details in Quersehnitten veransehau- liehen.
Wie aus den Fig. 1 bis 4 ersichtlich ist, ruht die Gelenkkugel 3 des Oberschenkels 1 auf der Gelenkpfanne 4 des Unterschenkels 2 derart auf, dass bei gestrecktem Knie eine Linienberülirung oder nur eine sehr geringe Flächenberührung 5 stattfindet (Fig. : 1), die beim Abbiegen zu einer grösseren Flächen berührung 6 (Fig. 2, ; wird, sich bis zur voll- kommenen Flächenberührung 7 (Fig. 3) steigert und hierauf wieder einen etwas abgemin deren Wert 8 (Fig. 4) annimmt.
Die sich daraus ergebende Wirkung zeigt sich in Bewegungsformen, die dem des natürlichen Bewegungsbildes entsprechen.
Nicht nur aus Gründen einer besonders hohen Verschieissfestigkeit, sondern auch wegen der angestrebten Annäherung an den natürlichen Bewegungsablauf ist es vorteilhaft, der Zwisehenknorp elsehieht nachgebildete Schmierpolster 10 anzuwenden, und zwar im Zusammenwirken mit vorzugsweise aus Kunstharz gebildeten Ein- bzw. Auflagen 9, die auf mindestens einem der beiden Gelenl- teile 3, 4 vorgesehen sind.
Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 5 sind sie in den Baustoff (Holz oder dergleichen) der Schenkelenden eingelassen, wobei die Pfanne gemäss der natürlichen Form als Doppelkörper ausgebildet dargestellt ist, und zwar in der Weise, dass deren mediale Teil 4" vorteilhaft grösser ist als deren lateraler Teil 4'.
Die Anordnung von Polstern 10, insbesondere im Zusammenwirken mit Ein- bzw. Auf- lagen 9 aus lÇlmststoff, bietet nennenswerte Vorzüge. Sie regeln die zwischen den Kugeln 3 und den Pfannen 4 entstehenden Reibungskräfte, welche zur Wirkung gelangen, wenn die unter Spannung aneinandergefügten Schenkel 1, 2 bewegt werden; denn beim Über- gang von der gestreckten zur gebeugten Lage kommt eine Art Bremswirklmg zustande, wel che eine von jeder ruckartigen Veränderung völlig befreite Stetigkeit des Bewegungsvorganges gewährleistet.
Dies wird besonders dann erzielt, wenn die Polster 10 als Verbundkörper ausgebildet sind, welche beim Ausführnngsbeispiel gemäss Fig. 8 aus einer innern Lederlage 11, einer äussern Lederlage 12 und einer zwischen diesen eingeschlossenen plasti schen Masse 13, vornehmlich Lederfett, bestehen. Die Lagen 11 und 12, welche auch aus anderem geeignetem Material bestehen können, sind vornehmlich durch eine Randverbindung 14, z. B. durch eine Naht; ; vereinigt.
Die Kugeln 3, Pfannri 4, Auflagen 9 und Polster 10 sollen für die Bestwirklmg Krüm- mengen nach allen drei Dimensionen aufweisen.
Die Fig. 6 und 7 zeigen die Anordnung des zwischen dem Oberschenkel 1 und dem Unterschenkel 2 vorgesehenen Bändersystems.
Die insbesondere flexiblen Bänder 15, 16, 17 sind durch die Spannvorriehtlmg nachstellbar unter solcher Spannung angeordnet, dass bei Belastung die gewünschte Reibungswirkung erzielt wird. Die Bänder können am Oberschenkel 1 an einem einzigen Punkt 19 (Fig. 6) oder an mehreren Punkten 20, 21 (Fig. 7) befestigt sein; innerhalb des Kunstgliedes kön- nen zum Einregulieren Spannvorriehtungen vorgesehen sein, die von aussen her verstellbar sind.
Wie aus der Zeichnung ersichtlich, entsteht beim Beugen des Beines durch das Hineingleiten des im Längssehnitt kreisförmig erscheinenden hintern Teils der konvexen Obersehen- kelkugel 3 in die konkave Wölbung der Unterschenkelpfanne 4 eine den natürlichen Verhältnissen entsprechende Verkürzung des Kunstbeines. Das an der Hinterseite vorgesehene Band 17 dient, ebenfalls nachstellbar, vornehmlich zum Sehlltze gegen Überstrek- kung.
Durch Anordnung der beiden Gelenkköpfe 4' und 4" in verschiedener Grösse wird auch die der Natur eigene Kreiselung in der gegenseitigen Bewegung der Gelenkteile erreicht.
Für die praktische Ausführung können nicht nur I-Iolz und Holzanstauschstoffe sowie Kunststoffe, Leder und dergleichen, sondern auch andere Materialien, wie Metall, Textilien, Kautschuk und dergleichen, Anwendung finden.
Knee joint for prostheses.
The invention relates to a knee joint for prostheses, in which the joint parts are modeled on the anatomical shape of the bones and are connected by flexible straps.
Many of the known types of prosthetic joints do not correspond to the natural anatomical function of the joint. By means of more or less complicated mechanical precautions, their parts perform movements that differ greatly from the sequence in the natural joint, which during use result in a dangling movement and the like.
However, as far as the known joints are adapted to the anatomical shape of the bones and only a connection of the gel parts by flexible straps is provided, full stability when bending could not be achieved; In individual flexed positions, which may differ depending on the prevailing circumstances, a sudden kinking is possible, whereby the prosthesis wearer loses control over the prosthesis and loses the feeling of security that is so essential when using prostheses.
These disadvantages can be avoided by the invention, which is characterized in that the contacting surfaces of the joint parts are designed in such a way that the extent of the contacting fliebeuteiJe goes from a lower value in the extended position at the transition to the flexed position above a maximum value changed a lower value. This means that with every change in the joint position, the surface pressure between the ball and socket also changes; however, this also changes the friction between the joint parts rolling on one another and thus the braking effect, which ensures that every joint position is secured against involuntary changes.
In the drawing, an Airsführungsbei is shown game of the subject invention.
FIGS. 1 to 4 and 6 and 7 are longitudinal sections, while FIGS. 5 and 8 show details in transverse sections.
As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 4, the joint ball 3 of the thigh 1 rests on the joint socket 4 of the lower leg 2 in such a way that when the knee is extended, linear contact or only a very slight surface contact 5 takes place (FIG. 1), which when turning to a larger surface contact 6 (Fig. 2,; becomes, increases up to the complete surface contact 7 (Fig. 3) and then again assumes a somewhat reduced value 8 (Fig. 4).
The resulting effect is shown in forms of movement that correspond to the natural movement pattern.
Not only for reasons of a particularly high resistance to wear, but also because of the desired approximation to the natural sequence of movements, it is advantageous to use lubricating pads 10, which are simulated from the interstitial cartilage, in cooperation with inserts or pads 9, preferably made of synthetic resin, which are at least one of the two gel parts 3, 4 are provided.
In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, they are embedded in the building material (wood or the like) of the leg ends, the pan being shown designed as a double body according to the natural shape, in such a way that its medial part 4 "is advantageously larger than its lateral part 4 '.
The arrangement of cushions 10, in particular in conjunction with inserts or supports 9 made of plastic, offers noteworthy advantages. They regulate the frictional forces arising between the balls 3 and the sockets 4, which take effect when the legs 1, 2 joined together under tension are moved; because at the transition from the stretched to the bent position, a kind of braking effect occurs, which guarantees a continuity of the movement process completely freed from any sudden change.
This is achieved particularly when the cushions 10 are designed as composite bodies which, in the embodiment according to FIG. 8, consist of an inner leather layer 11, an outer leather layer 12 and a plastic compound 13, primarily leather fat, enclosed between them. The layers 11 and 12, which can also consist of other suitable material, are primarily by an edge connection 14, for. B. by a seam; ; united.
The balls 3, Pfannri 4, supports 9 and pads 10 should have amounts of curvature in all three dimensions for the best efficiency.
FIGS. 6 and 7 show the arrangement of the ligament system provided between the thigh 1 and the lower leg 2.
The particularly flexible bands 15, 16, 17 are arranged so that they can be adjusted by the tensioning device under such tension that the desired frictional effect is achieved under load. The straps can be attached to the thigh 1 at a single point 19 (FIG. 6) or at several points 20, 21 (FIG. 7); Within the artificial limb, tensioning devices can be provided for adjustment, which can be adjusted from the outside.
As can be seen from the drawing, when the leg is bent, the rear part of the convex thigh ball 3, which appears circular in the longitudinal section, slides into the concave curvature of the lower leg socket 4, resulting in a natural shortening of the artificial leg. The band 17 provided on the rear side, likewise adjustable, is used primarily to prevent overstretching.
By arranging the two joint heads 4 'and 4 "in different sizes, the gyroscopic nature inherent in the mutual movement of the joint parts is also achieved.
For the practical implementation, not only wood and wood accumulation materials as well as plastics, leather and the like, but also other materials such as metal, textiles, rubber and the like can be used.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT286271X | 1949-12-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH286271A true CH286271A (en) | 1952-10-15 |
Family
ID=3670851
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH286271D CH286271A (en) | 1949-12-03 | 1950-10-06 | Knee joint for prostheses. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH286271A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2213761A1 (en) * | 1973-01-17 | 1974-08-09 | Rambert Andre |
-
1950
- 1950-10-06 CH CH286271D patent/CH286271A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2213761A1 (en) * | 1973-01-17 | 1974-08-09 | Rambert Andre |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE60017740T2 (en) | LEG PROPERTIES WITH A DEVICE EQUIPPED WITH ONE FOOT | |
DE69410107T2 (en) | CONTROLLER, IN PARTICULAR FOR PNEUMATIC, PASSIVELY CONTINUOUS MOTION DEVICES | |
DE1491154A1 (en) | prosthesis | |
CH632151A5 (en) | ENDOPROTHESIS FOR A KNEE JOINT. | |
DE2426070A1 (en) | ARTIFICIAL ANKLE JOINT | |
DE8625798U1 (en) | Compression insert for a bandage | |
DE817186C (en) | Joint bracing for prostheses | |
DE2152408B2 (en) | PHYSIOLOGICAL KNEE FOR A TUBULAR SKELETON PROSTHESIS | |
CH286271A (en) | Knee joint for prostheses. | |
DE860687C (en) | Knee joint for prostheses | |
DE855611C (en) | Knee joint prosthesis or knee joint support apparatus | |
CH267810A (en) | Joint for a replacement limb. | |
DE2200535A1 (en) | Device on prosthetic leg feet | |
DE3300111C2 (en) | A part that encompasses a person's foot from above like a clasp for orthopedic treatment of the foot | |
DE811714C (en) | Joint bracing for the moving parts of artificial limbs (prostheses) | |
AT85765B (en) | Spring bandage for artificial legs. | |
DE1816588B2 (en) | Device for supporting and correcting the human spine | |
DE735844C (en) | Knee joint for artificial legs | |
DE326422C (en) | Mechanical power transmission and movement device for prostheses, orthopedic and medical-mechanical devices | |
DE883044C (en) | Knee joint for prostheses | |
AT153344B (en) | Joint for prostheses. | |
AT165155B (en) | Artificial foot | |
DE869401C (en) | prosthesis | |
DE487740C (en) | Barbed splint extension device for the treatment of contracted flat feet, club feet and equinus feet and for extension connections | |
DE1030508B (en) | Prosthesis with a joint axis that shifts under load |