CH278593A - Method of lubricating surfaces in relative motion. - Google Patents
Method of lubricating surfaces in relative motion.Info
- Publication number
- CH278593A CH278593A CH278593DA CH278593A CH 278593 A CH278593 A CH 278593A CH 278593D A CH278593D A CH 278593DA CH 278593 A CH278593 A CH 278593A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- sep
- sub
- lubricant
- derived
- process according
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title description 7
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 allyl poly- caprylate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005076 polymer ester Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 5
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000746 allylic group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- PZGMUSDNQDCNAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenyl octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC=C PZGMUSDNQDCNAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC([O-])=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M Butyrate Chemical compound CCCC([O-])=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Natural products CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010730 cutting oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M decanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005394 methallyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RMIODHQZRUFFFF-UHFFFAOYSA-M methoxyacetate Chemical compound COCC([O-])=O RMIODHQZRUFFFF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-M nonanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LCPDWSOZIOUXRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxyacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 LCPDWSOZIOUXRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M pivalate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C([O-])=O IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003748 selenium group Chemical group *[Se]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCOP(OCCCC)OCCCC XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M7/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid or semi-solid substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F18/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid or of a haloformic acid
- C08F18/02—Esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08F18/12—Esters of monocarboxylic acids with unsaturated alcohols containing three or more carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M3/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single liquid substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M2207/046—Hydroxy ethers
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol or ester thereof; bound to an aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
- C10M2209/062—Vinyl esters of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acids, e.g. vinyl acetate
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
- C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2221/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2221/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions of monomers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
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- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
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- C10M2223/042—Metal salts thereof
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2225/02—Macromolecular compounds from phosphorus-containg monomers, obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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Description
Procédé de lubrification des surfaces en mouvement relatif. L'on sait que les huiles minérales possè dent certaines propriétés, telles que la ten dance à s'oxyder, à s'épaissir par basses tem pératures, etc., qui réduisent leurs applications en tant que lubrifiant. On s'est efforcé d'ob vier à cet inconvénient par l'addition d'autres substances. Bien des substances ont déjà été proposées à cet effet et, avec certaines d'entre elles, on a déjà obtenu des résultats relative ment satisfaisants. En général, toutefois, ces substances additionnelles paraissent provoquer la formation de laques, et cela d'autant plus facilement, que la quantité ajoutée est plus grande.
On a par ailleurs déjà. proposé plusieurs substances synthétiques comme lubrifiants de vant remplacer l'huile minérale et, comme telles, il. y a lieu de nommer les polymères des alcènes obtenus en pratiquant le cracking de la paraffine (voir le brevet. néerlandais N 43898), des composés aromatiques alcoylés tels que les naphtalènes alcoy lés (voir le bre vet britannique N 260604) et des oxydes poly mères d'alcènes comme l'oxyde de propène polymérisé (voir les brevets américains N 8 1921378, 1976678 et 2149498). Le champ d'application de ces lubrifiants est en géné ral restreint. Surtout avec. les substances obte nues à partir d'alcènes, on voit apparaître rapidement des symptômes de corrosion et d'oxydation.
La présente invention a, pour objet un procédé de lubrification des surfaces en mouvement. relatif; ce procédé est caracté risé en ce qu'on maintient sur ces surfaces un lubrifiant constitué au moins en partie par un ester polymère dérivant d'au moins un acide monocarboxylique dont le groupe carbo xyle est porté par un atome de carbone ali phatique et d'au moins un alcool monovalent non saturé.
On peut. obtenir des polymères particu lièrement propres à servir de lubrifiant en polymérisant un éthersel dérivé d'un acide monocarboxylique aliphatique saturé et en éliminant du produit. de polymérisation les éléments qui passent au-dessous d'environ 100 C, sous une pression de \? mm de mer cure. Il est avantageux d'adjoindre à. ces polymères des anticorrosifs (phosphites d'al coyle par exemple) et/ou des antioxydants.
Les éthersels polymères qui présentent. les meilleurs propriétés lubrifiantes sont en géné ral, ceux qui dérivent d'un acide monocarboxy- lique aliphatique saturé avec 5 à 21 atomes de carbone et, de préférence, avec 6 à 13 atomes de carbone. On peut se servir éventuellement de mélanges d'acides tels que ceux qu'on obtient par oxydation des produits résultant de ce qu'on appelle l' oxosynthèse .
L'acide monocarboxy ligue dont l'éthersel dérive peut, éventuellement, contenir des atomes d'oxygène, de soufre, de phosphore ou de sélénium autres que substituants d'atomes d'hydrogène et présenter des fonctions aldé hyde, cétone, peroxyde, etc., outre la, fonction acide. De même, les alcools monovalents non saturés dont les éthersels dérivent, peuvent éventuellement contenir de tels atomes non substituants et possèdent de préférence 2 à 20 atomes de carbone.
A cette catégorie d'al cools appartiennent ceux du type allylique, du type méthallylique et du type einnamylique. On accorde en général la préférence aux alcools du premier de ces types.
On polymérise les éthersels de préférence en les chauffant en présence de catalyseurs, en particulier de peroxydes organiques.
Comme cela. est en général le cas dans les réactions de polymérisation, le produit se compose d'un mélange<B>dé</B> polymères de poids moléculaire différent avec. encore de petites quantités de substances non polymérisées ou d'autres substances à faible poids moléculaire. La présence des fractions plus ou moins vola tiles rend d'ordinaire ce mélange inutilisable comme lubrifiant. Comme déjà dit, on en éli mine donc toutes les fractions qui passent à moins de 100 C environ sous une pression de 2 mm de mercure, et ce de préférence par distillation fractionnée sous une pression ré duite.
Si l'on pousse la polymérisation très avant, de grandes quantités d'éléments résineux ou solides peuvent aussi se présenter dans le pro duit. Il est utile d'éliminer aussi au moins une partie de ces éléments. On peut toutefois utiliser éventuellement comme lubrifiants les produits de poids moléculaire plus élevé en les mélangeant avec d'autres lubrifiants, tels que des hydrocarbures polymérisés, des oxydes alcoyléniques ou des alcoylène-glycols, de vis cosité relativement faible. Ce mélange avec d'autres lubrifiants peut d'ailleurs être effec tué pour n'importe quel éthersel polymère du type spécifié.
Pour atteindre une stabilité aussi élevée que possible, il peut être oppor- tun d'hydrogéner les éthersels polymérisés, pour éliminer toute non saturation.
Comme exemples d'éthersels polymères d'où l'on peut tirer des fractions lubrifiantes de la manière indiquée, on peut citer les polymères du butyrate allylique, de l'acétate triméthyl- a,llylique, du capronate allylique, du valérate mëthy1-2-allylique, du caprylate allylique, du capronate éthyl-2-allylique, du pélargonate allylique, du caprinate allylique,
du méthoxy- aeétate allylique, de l'éthoxp-3-propionate allylique et du phénoxy-acétate allylique.
Les lubrifiants employés dans le procédé selon l'invention peuvent présenter des points de solidification très bas (de - 30 C à -45 C par exemple) et des indices de vis cosité élevés (oscillant. par exemple entre 75 et 1.q5). L'indice SAE de ces lubrifiants peut varier de moins de 1.0 jusqu'à plus de 80. En général, les propriétés lubrifiantes sont très bonnes. Les éthersels polymères en cause sont entre autres appropriés comme lubrifiants pour moteurs, comme graisses lubrifiantes, comme huiles de coupe et comme huiles pour machines textiles.
Leur utilisation au grais sage de moteurs n'entraîne qu'une faible pro duction de laque et il ne se forme que très peu de dépôts sur la tête et les segments du piston ainsi que dans le carter d'huile; ces lubrifiants donnent aussi des taux d'usure satisfaisants.
Lesdits lubrifiants résistent assez bien aux influences oxydantes, très bien lorsqu'ils sont additionnés d'antioxydants, en particulier d'amines aromatiques.
Pour parer au danger de corrosion, il est indiqué de leur incorporer un anticorrosif, de préférence un phosphite trialcoylique dont chaque groupe alcoyle contient de 1 à 12 atomes de carbone. On obtient. les meilleurs résultats à. l'usage avec des lubrifiants contenant une amine aromatique et un phosphite organique.
Les lubrifiants employés dans le procédé selon l'invention peuvent contenir encore d'autres agents auxiliaires, tels que des agents de stabilisation pour les hautes pressions (par exemple des produits d'addition de composés oléfiniques avec de l'hydrogène sulfuré ou des mercaptans).
On peut donner aux lubrifiants employés dans le présent procédé la forme de graisses, en les traitant avec des savons métalliques tels que les savons de sodium, de potassium ou de lithium ou avec d'autres agents gélifiants, comme le graphite, etc. Dans le but d'amélio rer l'homogénéité des produits, il peut quel quefois être opportun de leur ajouter un col- loide protecteur. Les polymères d'oxydes d'al cènes ou d'alcoylène-glycols se prêtent parti culièrement bien à ce rôle.
Les exemples suivants donnent certaines caractéristiques de composés utilisables pour réaliser l'invention.
Exemple <I>1:</I> On chauffe un polymère de eaprylate d'allyle dans une atmosphère d'anhydride car bonique pendant 24 heures à 1501, C pour dé terminer sa stabilité thermique. Les résultats obtenus avant et après le traitement thermi que sont indiqués dans le tableau ci-dessous:
EMI0003.0009
Avant <SEP> Après
<tb> le <SEP> traitement <SEP> le <SEP> traitement
<tb> thermique <SEP> thermique
<tb> Viscosité <SEP> à. <SEP> <B>3 <SEP> 7,,</B> <SEP> 7 <SEP> C
<tb> eentistokes <SEP> 83,5 <SEP> 86,6
<tb> Viscosité <SEP> à <SEP> 98" <SEP> 8 <SEP> C
<tb> centistokes <SEP> 11,85 <SEP> 12,13
<tb> Indice <SEP> de <SEP> viscosité <SEP> 130 <SEP> 129
<tb> Indice <SEP> SAE <SEP> 30 <SEP> 30 Exemple ?:
Pour déterminer la consommation en lubri fiant et le degré de formation de gomme dans des conditions de lubrification à haute tem pérature, on chauffe une goutte de caprylate de polyallyle à plusieurs températures, en la pesant. avant et après le chauffage pour dé terminer la perte, puis on la rince avec de l'essencq de naphte pour déterminer le résidu insoluble formé à chaque température.
L'essai s'effectue dans une atmosphère de gaz naturel et le chauffage dure une heure à chaque tem- pérature. Le résidu total (qui indique la vola tilité) et le résidu insoluble (qui indique la quantité de gomme) résultants du chauffage aux diverses températures sont indiqués dans le tableau ci-dessous:
EMI0003.0019
Température <SEP> o <SEP> Poids <SEP> o <SEP> Poids
<tb> en <SEP> o <SEP> C <SEP> /o <SEP> du <SEP> résidu <SEP> /o <SEP> du <SEP> résidu
<tb> total <SEP> insoluble
<tb> 180 <SEP> <B>891,5</B> <SEP> 2,0
<tb> 240 <SEP> 73 <SEP> 1,6
<tb> 300 <SEP> 46 <SEP> <B>92,5</B>
<tb> 350 <SEP> 19,5 <SEP> 3,4 Exemple <I>3:
</I> Emploi de produits d'addition dans le eaprylate de polyallyle.
On modifie un polymère de caprylate d'allyle .avec 1% en poids de phosphite tri- butylique et 1% de phényl-alphanaphtyl- amine. Le lubrifiant ainsi obtenu a les pro priétés suivantes:
EMI0003.0038
Viscosité <SEP> à <SEP> 37 <SEP> 7 <SEP> C <SEP> centistokes <SEP> 74,4.
<tb> Viscosité <SEP> à <SEP> <B>980</B> <SEP> 8 <SEP> C <SEP> centistokes <SEP> 1.1.,72
<tb> Point <SEP> de <SEP> défigeage <SEP> o <SEP> C <SEP> -42,8
<tb> Indice <SEP> de <SEP> viscosité <SEP> 137
<tb> Indice <SEP> SAE <SEP> 30 On fait subir au lubrifiant l'essai de sta bilité thermique -de l'exemple 1, et on constate une augmentation de la. viscosité à 98 8 C de 4,50/G et une diminution de l'indice de vis cosité de 2, provoquées par le traitement thermique.
On lui fait aussi subir. Fessai d'oxydation décrit dans l'exemple 4. Il faut une durée de 30 heures pour que la pression d'oxygène di minue de 0,7 kg/cm2 et de 71,5 heures pour qu'elle diminue de 1,4 kg/em2. La vitesse d'oxydation reste constante pendant toute la durée de l'essai.
Le lubrifiant a subi un essai dans un mo teur Lauson normal en faisant tourner le mo teur pendant 40 heures avec une température dans la chemise d'eau de<B>380</B> C. On a observé une faible corrosion des coussinets, une for mation modérée de gomme, une variation mo. dérée de la viscosité du lubrifiant, une con- sommation modérée de l'huile et des dépôts normaux sur le piston et dans .le réservoir.
<I>Exemple</I> 4.: On stabilise un polymère de eaprylate d'allyle avec 1% en poids de phényl-alpha- naphtylamine. On :chauffe 75 g du lubrifiant à 140 C sous une pression d'oxygène initiale de 3,5 kg/em2 en présence de 75 cm2 de cuivre.
Il a fallu 42 heures pour que la pres sion de l'oxygène diminue de 0.7 kg/em2 et 81 heures pour qu'elle diminue de 1,4 kg/cm2. La vitesse de l'oxydation est restée constante pendant toute la durée de l'essai (c'est-à-dire que la période dite d'induction était supé- rieure à 81 heures). En présence de 1,5 % de phényl-alpha-naphtylamine, il a,
fallu 67 heures pour que la pression diminue de 0,7 kg; crn2 et 138 heures pour qu'elle diminue de 1,4 kg/en-t2. La vitesse d'oxydation est. restée constante pendant toute la durée de 'l'essai. <I>Exemple 5:</I> On a employé un caprylate de poly allyle à, titre de lubrifiant d'un moteur Lauson nor mal en faisant tourner le moteur pendant 40 heures, la température de la chemise d'eau étant de 38 C. On a constaté que le dépôt de gomme et la consommation d'huile étaient.
faibles, .que la corrosion des coussinets était modérée, les dépôts sur la tête et les segments du piston peu importants et que le réservoir d'huile ne contenait pas de boue. Le lubri fiant contenait. 0,5 de phényl-alpha-naphtyl- amine.
Method of lubricating surfaces in relative motion. It is known that mineral oils have certain properties, such as the tendency to oxidize, to thicken at low temperatures, etc., which reduce their applications as a lubricant. An attempt has been made to overcome this drawback by the addition of other substances. Many substances have already been proposed for this purpose and, with some of them, relatively satisfactory results have already been obtained. In general, however, these additional substances appear to cause the formation of lacquers, and this the more readily the greater the amount added.
We already have. proposed several synthetic substances as lubricants before replacing mineral oil and, as such, it. the polymers of the alkenes obtained by practicing the cracking of paraffin (see Dutch patent N 43898), alkylated aromatic compounds such as alkylated naphthalenes (see British patent N 260604) and poly oxides should be mentioned. mothers of alkenes such as polymerized propene oxide (see U.S. Patents Nos. 8,1921378, 1976678 and 2149498). The field of application of these lubricants is generally limited. Especially with. substances obtained from alkenes, symptoms of corrosion and oxidation rapidly appear.
The present invention relates to a method of lubricating moving surfaces. relative; this process is characterized in that a lubricant consisting at least in part of a polymer ester derived from at least one monocarboxylic acid in which the carbo xyl group is carried by an aliphatic carbon atom and of at least one unsaturated monovalent alcohol.
We can. obtaining polymers particularly suitable for use as a lubricant by polymerizing an ethersalt derived from a saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and removing product. polymerization elements which pass below about 100 C, under a pressure of \? mm sea cure. It is advantageous to add to. these polymers anticorrosives (alkyl phosphites for example) and / or antioxidants.
Polymer ethersalts which exhibit. the best lubricating properties are in general those derived from an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid saturated with 5 to 21 carbon atoms and, preferably, with 6 to 13 carbon atoms. Mixtures of acids such as those obtained by oxidation of the products resulting from the so-called oxosynthesis can optionally be used.
The league monocarboxy acid from which the ethersel is derived may, optionally, contain oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus or selenium atoms other than hydrogen atom substituents and have aldehyde, ketone, peroxide, etc. ., in addition to the acid function. Likewise, the unsaturated monovalent alcohols from which the ethersalts are derived may optionally contain such unsubstituting atoms and preferably have 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
To this category of alcohols belong those of the allylic type, of the methallyl type and of the ennamyl type. In general, preference is given to alcohols of the first of these types.
The ethersalts are preferably polymerized by heating them in the presence of catalysts, in particular organic peroxides.
Like this. is generally the case in polymerization reactions, the product consists of a mixture of <B> de </B> polymers of different molecular weight with. even small amounts of uncured substances or other low molecular weight substances. The presence of the more or less volatile fractions usually makes this mixture unusable as a lubricant. As already stated, all the fractions which pass at less than approximately 100 ° C. under a pressure of 2 mm of mercury are therefore removed therefrom, preferably by fractional distillation under reduced pressure.
If the polymerization is pushed very far, large amounts of resinous or solid elements can also be present in the product. It is useful to also eliminate at least some of these elements. However, the higher molecular weight products can optionally be used as lubricants by mixing them with other lubricants, such as polymerized hydrocarbons, alkylene oxides or alkylene glycols, of relatively low viscosity. This mixing with other lubricants can moreover be carried out for any polymeric ethersal salt of the type specified.
To achieve as high a stability as possible, it may be advisable to hydrogenate the polymerized ethersalts, to eliminate any unsaturation.
As examples of polymer ethersalts from which lubricating fractions can be obtained in the manner indicated, there may be mentioned the polymers of allylic butyrate, of α, trimethyl acetate, of allylic capronate, of methyl1-2 valerate. -allyl, allylic caprylate, 2-ethyll capronate, allylic pelargonate, allylic caprinate,
allylic methoxy-acetate, allylic-ethoxp-3-propionate and allylic phenoxy-acetate.
The lubricants used in the process according to the invention can exhibit very low solidification points (from -30 C to -45 C for example) and high screw indices (oscillating, for example, between 75 and 1.q5). The SAE rating of these lubricants can vary from less than 1.0 to more than 80. In general, the lubricating properties are very good. The polymer ethersal salts in question are suitable, inter alia, as lubricants for engines, as lubricating greases, as cutting oils and as oils for textile machines.
Their use with the wise lubricant of engines results in only a small production of lacquer and very little deposits form on the head and the piston rings as well as in the oil sump; these lubricants also give satisfactory wear rates.
Said lubricants are fairly resistant to oxidative influences, very well when they are added with antioxidants, in particular aromatic amines.
To avoid the danger of corrosion, it is advisable to incorporate an anticorrosive agent, preferably a trialkyl phosphite in which each alkyl group contains from 1 to 12 carbon atoms. We obtain. the best results at. for use with lubricants containing an aromatic amine and an organic phosphite.
The lubricants used in the process according to the invention may contain further auxiliary agents, such as stabilizers for high pressures (for example adducts of olefinic compounds with hydrogen sulphide or mercaptans) .
The lubricants employed in the present process can be given the form of greases by treating them with metallic soaps such as sodium, potassium or lithium soaps or with other gelling agents, such as graphite, etc. In order to improve the homogeneity of the products, it may sometimes be advisable to add a protective colloid to them. Polymers of alkene oxides or alkylene glycols are particularly suitable for this role.
The following examples give certain characteristics of compounds which can be used to carry out the invention.
Example <I> 1: </I> An allyl eaprylate polymer is heated in an atmosphere of carbonic anhydride for 24 hours at 1501 ° C. to determine its thermal stability. The results obtained before and after the heat treatment are shown in the table below:
EMI0003.0009
Before <SEP> After
<tb> the <SEP> processing <SEP> the <SEP> processing
thermal <tb> thermal <SEP>
<tb> Viscosity <SEP> at. <SEP> <B> 3 <SEP> 7 ,, </B> <SEP> 7 <SEP> C
<tb> eentistokes <SEP> 83.5 <SEP> 86.6
<tb> Viscosity <SEP> to <SEP> 98 "<SEP> 8 <SEP> C
<tb> centistokes <SEP> 11.85 <SEP> 12.13
<tb> <SEP> index of <SEP> viscosity <SEP> 130 <SEP> 129
<tb> Index <SEP> SAE <SEP> 30 <SEP> 30 Example?:
To determine the lubricant consumption and the degree of gum formation under high temperature lubrication conditions, a drop of polyallyl caprylate is heated to several temperatures by weighing it. before and after heating to determine the loss, then rinsed with naphtha gasoline to determine the insoluble residue formed at each temperature.
The test is carried out in a natural gas atmosphere and the heating lasts for one hour at each temperature. The total residue (which indicates the volatility) and the insoluble residue (which indicates the amount of gum) resulting from heating at the various temperatures are shown in the table below:
EMI0003.0019
Temperature <SEP> o <SEP> Weight <SEP> o <SEP> Weight
<tb> in <SEP> o <SEP> C <SEP> / o <SEP> of <SEP> residue <SEP> / o <SEP> of <SEP> residue
<tb> total <SEP> insoluble
<tb> 180 <SEP> <B> 891.5 </B> <SEP> 2.0
<tb> 240 <SEP> 73 <SEP> 1.6
<tb> 300 <SEP> 46 <SEP> <B> 92.5 </B>
<tb> 350 <SEP> 19.5 <SEP> 3.4 Example <I> 3:
</I> Use of adducts in polyallyl eaprylate.
An allyl caprylate polymer is modified with 1% by weight of tri-butyl phosphite and 1% of phenyl-alphanaphthylamine. The lubricant thus obtained has the following properties:
EMI0003.0038
Viscosity <SEP> to <SEP> 37 <SEP> 7 <SEP> C <SEP> centistokes <SEP> 74.4.
<tb> Viscosity <SEP> at <SEP> <B> 980 </B> <SEP> 8 <SEP> C <SEP> centistokes <SEP> 1.1., 72
<tb> Point <SEP> of <SEP> de-icing <SEP> o <SEP> C <SEP> -42.8
<tb> <SEP> index of <SEP> viscosity <SEP> 137
<tb> Index <SEP> SAE <SEP> The lubricant is subjected to the thermal stability test of Example 1, and an increase in the. viscosity at 98 8 C of 4.50 / G and a decrease in the screw index cosity of 2, caused by the heat treatment.
He is also subjected to it. The oxidation test described in Example 4. It takes 30 hours for the oxygen pressure to decrease by 0.7 kg / cm2 and 71.5 hours for it to decrease by 1.4 kg. / em2. The rate of oxidation remains constant throughout the duration of the test.
The lubricant was tested in a normal Lauson engine by running the engine for 40 hours with a water jacket temperature of <B> 380 </B> C. Slight corrosion of the bearings was observed, moderate gum formation, moderate variation. derived from lubricant viscosity, moderate oil consumption and normal deposits on the piston and in the reservoir.
<I> Example </I> 4 .: An allyl eaprylate polymer is stabilized with 1% by weight of phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine. 75 g of the lubricant are heated to 140 ° C. under an initial oxygen pressure of 3.5 kg / em2 in the presence of 75 cm2 of copper.
It took 42 hours for the oxygen pressure to drop by 0.7 kg / em2 and 81 hours for it to drop by 1.4 kg / cm2. The rate of the oxidation remained constant throughout the duration of the test (ie the so-called induction period was greater than 81 hours). In the presence of 1.5% phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, it has,
took 67 hours for the pressure to drop by 0.7 kg; crn2 and 138 hours for it to decrease by 1.4 kg / en-t2. The rate of oxidation is. remained constant throughout the duration of the test. <I> Example 5: </I> A poly allyl caprylate was used as a lubricant of a normal Lauson engine by running the engine for 40 hours, the temperature of the water jacket being 38 C. The gum deposition and oil consumption were found to be.
low,. that the corrosion of the bearings was moderate, the deposits on the head and piston rings small and that the oil tank did not contain sludge. The lubricant contained. 0.5 phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US278593XA | 1946-10-08 | 1946-10-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH278593A true CH278593A (en) | 1951-10-31 |
Family
ID=21840170
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH278593D CH278593A (en) | 1946-10-08 | 1947-10-07 | Method of lubricating surfaces in relative motion. |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH278593A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL67197C (en) |
-
0
- NL NL67197D patent/NL67197C/xx active
-
1947
- 1947-10-07 CH CH278593D patent/CH278593A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL67197C (en) |
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