CH204246A - Process for the production of cellulose from bast fiber shives. - Google Patents
Process for the production of cellulose from bast fiber shives.Info
- Publication number
- CH204246A CH204246A CH204246DA CH204246A CH 204246 A CH204246 A CH 204246A CH 204246D A CH204246D A CH 204246DA CH 204246 A CH204246 A CH 204246A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- naoh
- treatment
- treated
- hydroxide solution
- cellulose
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 62
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004758 synthetic textile Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000208202 Linaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZURAKLKIKYCUJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;azane Chemical compound N.[Cu+2] ZURAKLKIKYCUJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C3/00—Pulping cellulose-containing materials
- D21C3/02—Pulping cellulose-containing materials with inorganic bases or alkaline reacting compounds, e.g. sulfate processes
- D21C3/022—Pulping cellulose-containing materials with inorganic bases or alkaline reacting compounds, e.g. sulfate processes in presence of S-containing compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/12—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with halogens or halogen-containing compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zellulose aus Bastfasersehäben. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Schäben von Bastfasern, insbesondere des Hanfes und des Flachses, die heutzutage entweder verbrannt oder auf den Feldern liegen gelassen werden, einer industriellen Verwertung zuzuführen. Gemäss der Erfin dung wird aus den Bastfaserscbäben durch Behandlung mit Na2S enthaltender Natron lauge eine Edelzellulose hergestellt, welche besonders zur Herstellung von Textilkunst fasern, Explosivstoffen und Verbandwatte geeignet ist.
Insbesondere die aus der Bastfaserschäben- zellulose hergestellten Textilkunstfasern wei sen gegenüber der üblichen Kunstseide den Vorteil auf, wärmer und elastischer zu sein und hinsichtlich des Aussehens und anderer Eigenschaften mehr als jene den natürlichen Textilfasern zu ähneln, woraus sich eine er hebliche Erweiterung der Anwendungsmög lichkeit von Kunstfasern in der Textiltechnik ergibt.
Ein besonders einfaches Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zellulose aus Bastfaser- schäben gemäss der Erfindung geht in folgen der Weise vor sich Die zerkleinerten Schäben werden in einem Autoklaven bei etwa 140 bis 1460 C und einem Druck von etwa 5 bis 6 at mit Natronlauge behandelt, die aus einer voran gegangenen Behandlung wiedergewonnen sein kann und in diesem Falle mit frischer Na tronlauge soweit angereichert worden ist, dass sie bei Beginn der Kochung einen Ge halt von etwa 2 bis 2,5 /o NaOH besitzt. DieBehandlungsdauer beträgt etwa 5 Stunden.
Bei der Kochung wird dem Bad eine geringe Menge von Na2S, und zwar etwa 5 bis 10 g auf den Liter, zur Verhinderung der Oxy dierung zugegeben. Das erhaltene Erzeugnis wird gründlich gewaschen, um die Natron lauge zu entfernen, und dann zwischen ge riffelten Zylindern oder ähnlichen Einrich tungen zerrieben, bis eine gleichmässige Paste entsteht. Diese wird alsdann mit Natrium Hypochlorit mit einem Gehalt von etwa 2 bis 5 g aktivem Chlor auf den Liter in üb lichen Holländern 3 bis 4 Stunden lang be handelt.
Alsdann wird die Flüssigkeit im Holländer durch Zugabe von konzentriertem NaOH auf einen Gehalt von etwa 0,5 bis 0,6 g NaOH auf den Liter gebracht, um die gebildeten chlorierten Ligninatoffe zu ent fernen und den Gehalt von a-Zellulose auf über 85 % zu steigern. Das erhaltene Er zeugnis wird dann gründlich gewaschen, bis die durch die Natronlauge herbeigeführte Alkalinität beseitigt ist, und darauf mit Natriumhypochlorit mit einem Gehalt von etwa 0,1 bis 0,3 gr aktivem Chlor auf den Liter behandelt.
Alsdann wird mit Wasser gewaschen und Natriumbisulfit zwecks Neu tralisierung des an der Faser gebliebenen aktiven Chlores zugegeben.
Die Verarbeitung der Bastfaserachäben- Zellulose zu Textilkunstfasern nach Art der Kunstseide oder Stapelfaser erfolgt zweck mässig nach dem Kupferammoniumverfahren. Hierzu wird die Zellulose in Kesseln mit Rührwerken behandelt, welche eine ammo- niakalische Lösung eines Kupfersalzes ent halten, so dass die Schäben-Zellulose in den flüssigen Zustand einer Dispersion übergeht. Hierauf wird die Lösung gefiltert, entlüftet und der Spinnmaschine zugeführt.
Vorzugsweise wird eine nach obigem Beispiel aus Schäben des Hanfes oder Flach ses erhaltend Zellulose in die Kessel mit den Rührwerken eingeführt und in ihnen mit der ammoniakalischen Lösung eines Kupfer salzes behandelt. Nach einigen Stunden gibt man Natronlauge zu, um die Lösung der Zellulose zu einer vollständigen Dispersion zu erleichtern. Diese wird in einer Presse mit Eisen- oder Nickelsieben gefiltert und darin zwecks Entfernung der in ihr enthal tenen Luft unter Vakuum gesetzt.
Die Verspinnung kann in der üblichen Weise zunächst in einem Wasserbad und dann in einem sauren Koagulierbad, wo man den Faden einer entsprechenden Streckung zur Verbesserung seiner mechanischen Eigen- schaften aussetzt, erfolgen. Alsdann wird die Strähne oder die Stapelfaser gewaschen. Die Verspinnung kann auch im Gegenstrom von heisser Luft erfolgen, um die Wiedergewin nung des Ammoniaks und des Kupfers zu erleichtern.
Process for the production of cellulose from bast fiber hanks. The invention is based on the object of using the shives of bast fibers, in particular of hemp and flax, which nowadays are either burned or left in the fields, for industrial use. According to the invention, a noble cellulose is produced from the bast fibers by treatment with sodium hydroxide solution containing Na2S, which is particularly suitable for the production of synthetic textile fibers, explosives and cotton wool.
In particular, the synthetic textile fibers produced from the bast fiber sheave cellulose have the advantage over conventional rayon of being warmer and more elastic and more similar to natural textile fibers in terms of appearance and other properties Synthetic fibers in textile technology results.
A particularly simple process for the production of cellulose from bast fiber shives according to the invention proceeds in the following way. The comminuted shives are treated in an autoclave at about 140 to 1460 C and a pressure of about 5 to 6 atm with caustic soda can be recovered from a previous treatment and in this case has been enriched with fresh sodium hydroxide solution to such an extent that it has a content of about 2 to 2.5 / o NaOH at the beginning of the boil. The treatment time is about 5 hours.
When boiling, a small amount of Na2S, about 5 to 10 g per liter, is added to the bath to prevent oxidation. The product obtained is washed thoroughly in order to remove the sodium hydroxide solution, and then rubbed between corrugated cylinders or similar devices until a uniform paste is formed. This is then treated with sodium hypochlorite with a content of about 2 to 5 g of active chlorine per liter in usual Dutch for 3 to 4 hours.
Then the liquid in the Hollander is brought to a content of about 0.5 to 0.6 g NaOH per liter by adding concentrated NaOH in order to remove the chlorinated ligninatoffees formed and to increase the content of α-cellulose to over 85% increase. The product obtained is then thoroughly washed until the alkalinity caused by the sodium hydroxide solution is eliminated, and then treated with sodium hypochlorite with a content of about 0.1 to 0.3 grams of active chlorine per liter.
It is then washed with water and sodium bisulfite is added to neutralize the active chlorine remaining on the fiber.
The processing of the bast fiber asphalt cellulose into synthetic textile fibers like rayon or staple fiber is expediently carried out using the copper ammonium process. For this purpose, the cellulose is treated in kettles with stirrers, which contain an ammoniacal solution of a copper salt, so that the sheaf cellulose changes into the liquid state of a dispersion. The solution is then filtered, vented and fed to the spinning machine.
Preferably, a cellulose obtained from shives of hemp or flax according to the above example is introduced into the kettle with the agitators and treated in them with the ammoniacal solution of a copper salt. After a few hours, caustic soda is added in order to facilitate the dissolution of the cellulose into a complete dispersion. This is filtered in a press with iron or nickel sieves and placed under vacuum to remove the air it contains.
Spinning can be carried out in the usual way, first in a water bath and then in an acidic coagulating bath, where the thread is subjected to appropriate stretching to improve its mechanical properties. The strand or the staple fiber is then washed. The spinning can also take place in the countercurrent of hot air in order to facilitate the recovery of the ammonia and copper.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH204246T | 1938-01-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH204246A true CH204246A (en) | 1939-04-30 |
Family
ID=4444065
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH204246D CH204246A (en) | 1938-01-20 | 1938-01-20 | Process for the production of cellulose from bast fiber shives. |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH204246A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL50324C (en) |
-
1938
- 1938-01-20 CH CH204246D patent/CH204246A/en unknown
- 1938-01-24 NL NL50324D patent/NL50324C/xx active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL50324C (en) | 1941-05-15 |
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