CA2953174A1 - Areal, electrical resistance heating network - Google Patents
Areal, electrical resistance heating network Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2953174A1 CA2953174A1 CA2953174A CA2953174A CA2953174A1 CA 2953174 A1 CA2953174 A1 CA 2953174A1 CA 2953174 A CA2953174 A CA 2953174A CA 2953174 A CA2953174 A CA 2953174A CA 2953174 A1 CA2953174 A1 CA 2953174A1
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- Prior art keywords
- heating network
- filaments
- resistance heating
- network
- resistance
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000062175 Fittonia argyroneura Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/007—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple electrically connected resistive elements or resistive zones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/026—Heaters specially adapted for floor heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/037—Heaters with zones of different power density
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Landscapes
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
A sheet-like, electrical resistance heating network which is integrated as a floor arid wall panel heating element directly on the surface of the plastered structure, and consequently can be used as an infrared heater. The heating network consists of individual heating filaments which are laid in parallel, and insulating filaments that are laid at right angles thereto likewise in parallel. The filaments thereby form a network, At the beginning and the end of the heating network there is an electrode, consisting of a metal wire or metal strip of a low resistance, respectively arranged in the transverse direction over the entire width of the networkõ and the two electrodes lie parallel to one another and are electrically connected to the underlying filaments. The filaments may have different resistance values. Heat is generated by the heating network or individual portions of the heating panel,
Description
I I I
Areal, electrical resistance heating network Areal, electrical resistance heating network used preferably as surface heating in the building industry.
There are a variety of solutions that already employ electric areal conductors for heating purposes. Thus, document DE
69014841 T2 describes an electrical resistance-heating network made of thin metal wires. This is a heating pane with at least two rigid panes, particularly made of glass. A flexible intermediate layer is located between the two panes. Between each pane and the resilient intermediate layer, the electric resistance-heating network is arranged. Electrical supply strips are arranged as well. The wire-heating network supporting the intermediate layer permits a sliding of the intermediate layer in relation to the underlying rigid pane.
In DE 10 2010 011 102 Al a heating device for the interior of a vehicle, which has a reticular fabric element is described. The fabric element contains an electrical heating conductor and is configured as a planer radiator.
In document DE 198 16 816 Al a heatable electric surface-heating element with a non-conductive base fabric, is described. This base fabric is composed of current carrying contact conductors and heat conductors, wherein the heating elements run undulating or in meander shape between the contact conductors which are spaced apart and have a greater length in relation to the spacing of the contact conductors. The heating conductors touch in several places across their length, with adjacent heating conductors, thereby forming a heating network. The heating I I
conductors are preferably made of carbon fibers or carbon-coated fibers.
The aim of the invention is to provide an areal, electrical resistance-heating network, which, for example, is integrated as a floor and wall heating surface element directly into the surface of the plaster in the building industry, and can therefor be used as an infrared heating unit.
The inventive design of the resistance heating network ensure its functionality, even in the event of partial destruction, such as drill holes that are penetrating the resistance heating network. Installing the resistance-heating network is possible directly on the plaster surface or concrete surface and can simultaneously be used as a structural surface. The structural assembly of the resistance-heating network with its preferably rectangular openings allows for an exchange between indoor air and masonry.
Advantageous embodiments of the invention are shown in claims 2 to 10.
In case of several electrodes which a resting parallel on the network, different heating surface sections are created, in accordance with claim 2. This allows for the achievement of different heating effects through different activations.
In accordance to claim 3 filaments replace the transversely located insulating threads at least partially and/or the lengthwise-located filaments are replaced by insulating threads.
This results in a wide variety of various heating strengths.
Furthermore, the effectiveness of the heating network in general I I
is not affected in case of damage of the heating network, for example in the event of a hole that is penetrating the heating network. This enables ideal processing in the building industry.
The electrical connection of the individual filaments result in a current flow around the damaged areas. By omitting individual filaments, which are replaced by insulating threads, more or less wide strips without heating units are generated within the heating network. Via this action, different requirements can be implemented into the heating network.
Due to the arrangement of electrodes described in claim 4, an advantageous control of heating power is achieved.
The arrangement of the electrodes can be repeated multiple times on the heating network, according to claim 5. This makes it possible to generate surfaces with different heating power.
According to claim 6, the electrodes can be made of polymer fiber fabric bands and be woven into the edges of the heating network. This eliminates the time-consuming application and connection of electrodes with the heating network.
By introducing filaments that vary in resistance, different performances of the heating network can be produced, according to claim 7.
By concealing the heating networks, according to claim 8, the heating power of the heating network can be increased. The same is achieved during lamination; this however does not offer the benefit of the many breakthroughs in the heating network.
I I
According to claim 9, an insulating layer may surround the entire heating network. This protects all sensitive contact points of the electrical conductors, especially against aggressive media in the environment.
The use of the resistance-heating network according to the invention is preferable in the construction industry according to claim 10. This makes it possible to realize interesting solutions of electrical heating in the floor or wall areas.
Multiple embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are described in more detail below.
Show below:
Figure 1 is an electrical resistance heating network with parallel filaments and insulating threads, which are parallel at right angles, wherein, the filaments and the insulation threads form a square pattern, Figure 2 is an electrical resistance-heating network with parallel filaments, which are additionally crossed by parallel filaments, Figure 3 is an electrical resistance heating network with parallel filaments, wherein individual filaments have been omitted and replaced by insulating threads and thus form a surface that does not require heating, Figure 4, the arrangement of electrodes on a resistance-heating network with parallel filaments and transverse insulation threads Figure 5 is a possible arrangement of electrodes on a resistance heating network with parallel filaments and insulating threads parallel at a right angle, which form an open grid, and the electrodes at the beginning and end of the heating network, both connected by a connection electrode at the edge of the heating H [
network and a centrally located electrode, which has no connection to the other electrodes and Figure 6, a heating network with woven electrodes and longitudinal and transverse filaments, wherein the transverse filaments are spaced by two intervening insulation threads and an indicated hole and therefor, the current flowing around it.
The areal, electrical resistance-heating network 1 consists of individual filaments, which are parallel spaced in the longitudinal direction 2. in the transverse direction, i.e. at right angles to the filaments 2, are also insulation threads 3 that are located parallel. The filaments 2 are made of polymer carbon threads, silver threads or polymer carbon threads for example. The insulating threads 3 are made of glass threads or polymer threads. The filaments 1 form a grid, which is normally open, with the insulating threads 2. The filaments 1 and the insulation threads 2 have a reticulated structure. The grid preferably has a size of 0.5 cm by 0.5 cm to 1 cm by 1 cm. The grid does not have to be executed in a square. For power supply the heating network contains electrodes 4. Normally, these electrodes 4 are located parallel at the beginning and the end of heating network 1. The electrodes 4 are made of metal wire or a metal strip with good electrical conductivity and have good electrical contact to the filaments 2 located below the electrodes 4.
However, other electrodes 5 are conceivable as well. These electrodes 5 are made of conductive polymer thread fabric bands and can be woven into the heating network.
In a different embodiment of the resistance-heating network 1 that transversely located insulating filaments 3 are replaced or I I
partially replaced by filaments 2. This results in a net-like arrangement of the filaments 2. During an installation of this heating network 1 on the surface of masonry or a concrete wall or on a floor surface, the heating network 1 retains its functionality, even when damaged, as for example in the event of perforations. Through arranging the filaments crosswise and the electrical contacts below each other, the current bypasses any defects in the heating network 1. This is a significant advantage of this embodiment.
The arrangement of the electrodes 4 can also deviate from the embodiment described above. For example, a connection electrode 4.1 can be located between the electrode 4 located at the beginning and the electrode 4 located at the end, which is preferably routed along the edge of heating network 1. These three electrodes 4 are interconnected electrically. Centrally located between the electrode 4 at the beginning and the electrode 4 at the end of the heating network, another electrode 4 is located, which however, has no connection to the connection electrode 4. The different electrode patterns may be repeated several times on the heating network 1. With the different arrangement of the electrodes 4, diverse heating effects can be achieved.
According to the desired heating effects of the resistance-heating network 1, filaments 2 with different resistance values may be incorporated into the heating system 1. For example, the resistance-heating network 1 shown in figure 6 has the following resistance values:
the filaments 2 as electrically conductive weft threads of 10 kOhm/lfm to 200 kOhm/lfm at a weight numbering of up to 110 tex, I I
the filaments 2.1 as electrically conductive warp threads of 30 Ohm/lfm to 800 Ohm/lfm at a weight numbering of 14 tex to 110 tex and the electrode 5 with electrically conductive warp and weft threads of 0.5 Ohm/lfm. to 15 Ohm/lfm at a weight numbering of 44 tex tex to 110 tex.
Two or more resistance heating networks 1 can be superimposed and laminated together. But it is also possible to laminate two or more resistance heating networks 1 together. With this measure, the heating power of the resistance heating networks 1 may be increased.
Another advantageous variant of the resistance heating network 1 is evidenced by the fact that the individual filaments 2, insulating filaments 3 and the electrodes 4 are surrounded by an insulating layer, e.g. a rubber layer.
Via the insulating layer in particular, the contact points between the individual filaments 2 and the electrodes 4 are protected. Thus, for example, heating networks 1 without insulation can get faster corrosion of the electrical contact point.
In another embodiment, individual filaments 2 may be omitted in the resistance-heating network 1, and be replaced by insulating filaments 3 and therefor, more or less wide strips are produced in the heating network 1 without filaments 2. This creates areas in the heating network 1, which are without heating capacity.
The resistance heating networks 1, used according to invention, are preferably used in the building industry. Here they can be I I I
used as surface heating units in floors and wall areas and are preferably used as infrared heating. Their net-like structure creates a good connection between masonry and indoor air.
Summary of reference marks 1 ¨ Resistance heating network. Heating network
Areal, electrical resistance heating network Areal, electrical resistance heating network used preferably as surface heating in the building industry.
There are a variety of solutions that already employ electric areal conductors for heating purposes. Thus, document DE
69014841 T2 describes an electrical resistance-heating network made of thin metal wires. This is a heating pane with at least two rigid panes, particularly made of glass. A flexible intermediate layer is located between the two panes. Between each pane and the resilient intermediate layer, the electric resistance-heating network is arranged. Electrical supply strips are arranged as well. The wire-heating network supporting the intermediate layer permits a sliding of the intermediate layer in relation to the underlying rigid pane.
In DE 10 2010 011 102 Al a heating device for the interior of a vehicle, which has a reticular fabric element is described. The fabric element contains an electrical heating conductor and is configured as a planer radiator.
In document DE 198 16 816 Al a heatable electric surface-heating element with a non-conductive base fabric, is described. This base fabric is composed of current carrying contact conductors and heat conductors, wherein the heating elements run undulating or in meander shape between the contact conductors which are spaced apart and have a greater length in relation to the spacing of the contact conductors. The heating conductors touch in several places across their length, with adjacent heating conductors, thereby forming a heating network. The heating I I
conductors are preferably made of carbon fibers or carbon-coated fibers.
The aim of the invention is to provide an areal, electrical resistance-heating network, which, for example, is integrated as a floor and wall heating surface element directly into the surface of the plaster in the building industry, and can therefor be used as an infrared heating unit.
The inventive design of the resistance heating network ensure its functionality, even in the event of partial destruction, such as drill holes that are penetrating the resistance heating network. Installing the resistance-heating network is possible directly on the plaster surface or concrete surface and can simultaneously be used as a structural surface. The structural assembly of the resistance-heating network with its preferably rectangular openings allows for an exchange between indoor air and masonry.
Advantageous embodiments of the invention are shown in claims 2 to 10.
In case of several electrodes which a resting parallel on the network, different heating surface sections are created, in accordance with claim 2. This allows for the achievement of different heating effects through different activations.
In accordance to claim 3 filaments replace the transversely located insulating threads at least partially and/or the lengthwise-located filaments are replaced by insulating threads.
This results in a wide variety of various heating strengths.
Furthermore, the effectiveness of the heating network in general I I
is not affected in case of damage of the heating network, for example in the event of a hole that is penetrating the heating network. This enables ideal processing in the building industry.
The electrical connection of the individual filaments result in a current flow around the damaged areas. By omitting individual filaments, which are replaced by insulating threads, more or less wide strips without heating units are generated within the heating network. Via this action, different requirements can be implemented into the heating network.
Due to the arrangement of electrodes described in claim 4, an advantageous control of heating power is achieved.
The arrangement of the electrodes can be repeated multiple times on the heating network, according to claim 5. This makes it possible to generate surfaces with different heating power.
According to claim 6, the electrodes can be made of polymer fiber fabric bands and be woven into the edges of the heating network. This eliminates the time-consuming application and connection of electrodes with the heating network.
By introducing filaments that vary in resistance, different performances of the heating network can be produced, according to claim 7.
By concealing the heating networks, according to claim 8, the heating power of the heating network can be increased. The same is achieved during lamination; this however does not offer the benefit of the many breakthroughs in the heating network.
I I
According to claim 9, an insulating layer may surround the entire heating network. This protects all sensitive contact points of the electrical conductors, especially against aggressive media in the environment.
The use of the resistance-heating network according to the invention is preferable in the construction industry according to claim 10. This makes it possible to realize interesting solutions of electrical heating in the floor or wall areas.
Multiple embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are described in more detail below.
Show below:
Figure 1 is an electrical resistance heating network with parallel filaments and insulating threads, which are parallel at right angles, wherein, the filaments and the insulation threads form a square pattern, Figure 2 is an electrical resistance-heating network with parallel filaments, which are additionally crossed by parallel filaments, Figure 3 is an electrical resistance heating network with parallel filaments, wherein individual filaments have been omitted and replaced by insulating threads and thus form a surface that does not require heating, Figure 4, the arrangement of electrodes on a resistance-heating network with parallel filaments and transverse insulation threads Figure 5 is a possible arrangement of electrodes on a resistance heating network with parallel filaments and insulating threads parallel at a right angle, which form an open grid, and the electrodes at the beginning and end of the heating network, both connected by a connection electrode at the edge of the heating H [
network and a centrally located electrode, which has no connection to the other electrodes and Figure 6, a heating network with woven electrodes and longitudinal and transverse filaments, wherein the transverse filaments are spaced by two intervening insulation threads and an indicated hole and therefor, the current flowing around it.
The areal, electrical resistance-heating network 1 consists of individual filaments, which are parallel spaced in the longitudinal direction 2. in the transverse direction, i.e. at right angles to the filaments 2, are also insulation threads 3 that are located parallel. The filaments 2 are made of polymer carbon threads, silver threads or polymer carbon threads for example. The insulating threads 3 are made of glass threads or polymer threads. The filaments 1 form a grid, which is normally open, with the insulating threads 2. The filaments 1 and the insulation threads 2 have a reticulated structure. The grid preferably has a size of 0.5 cm by 0.5 cm to 1 cm by 1 cm. The grid does not have to be executed in a square. For power supply the heating network contains electrodes 4. Normally, these electrodes 4 are located parallel at the beginning and the end of heating network 1. The electrodes 4 are made of metal wire or a metal strip with good electrical conductivity and have good electrical contact to the filaments 2 located below the electrodes 4.
However, other electrodes 5 are conceivable as well. These electrodes 5 are made of conductive polymer thread fabric bands and can be woven into the heating network.
In a different embodiment of the resistance-heating network 1 that transversely located insulating filaments 3 are replaced or I I
partially replaced by filaments 2. This results in a net-like arrangement of the filaments 2. During an installation of this heating network 1 on the surface of masonry or a concrete wall or on a floor surface, the heating network 1 retains its functionality, even when damaged, as for example in the event of perforations. Through arranging the filaments crosswise and the electrical contacts below each other, the current bypasses any defects in the heating network 1. This is a significant advantage of this embodiment.
The arrangement of the electrodes 4 can also deviate from the embodiment described above. For example, a connection electrode 4.1 can be located between the electrode 4 located at the beginning and the electrode 4 located at the end, which is preferably routed along the edge of heating network 1. These three electrodes 4 are interconnected electrically. Centrally located between the electrode 4 at the beginning and the electrode 4 at the end of the heating network, another electrode 4 is located, which however, has no connection to the connection electrode 4. The different electrode patterns may be repeated several times on the heating network 1. With the different arrangement of the electrodes 4, diverse heating effects can be achieved.
According to the desired heating effects of the resistance-heating network 1, filaments 2 with different resistance values may be incorporated into the heating system 1. For example, the resistance-heating network 1 shown in figure 6 has the following resistance values:
the filaments 2 as electrically conductive weft threads of 10 kOhm/lfm to 200 kOhm/lfm at a weight numbering of up to 110 tex, I I
the filaments 2.1 as electrically conductive warp threads of 30 Ohm/lfm to 800 Ohm/lfm at a weight numbering of 14 tex to 110 tex and the electrode 5 with electrically conductive warp and weft threads of 0.5 Ohm/lfm. to 15 Ohm/lfm at a weight numbering of 44 tex tex to 110 tex.
Two or more resistance heating networks 1 can be superimposed and laminated together. But it is also possible to laminate two or more resistance heating networks 1 together. With this measure, the heating power of the resistance heating networks 1 may be increased.
Another advantageous variant of the resistance heating network 1 is evidenced by the fact that the individual filaments 2, insulating filaments 3 and the electrodes 4 are surrounded by an insulating layer, e.g. a rubber layer.
Via the insulating layer in particular, the contact points between the individual filaments 2 and the electrodes 4 are protected. Thus, for example, heating networks 1 without insulation can get faster corrosion of the electrical contact point.
In another embodiment, individual filaments 2 may be omitted in the resistance-heating network 1, and be replaced by insulating filaments 3 and therefor, more or less wide strips are produced in the heating network 1 without filaments 2. This creates areas in the heating network 1, which are without heating capacity.
The resistance heating networks 1, used according to invention, are preferably used in the building industry. Here they can be I I I
used as surface heating units in floors and wall areas and are preferably used as infrared heating. Their net-like structure creates a good connection between masonry and indoor air.
Summary of reference marks 1 ¨ Resistance heating network. Heating network
2 ¨ Filament 2.1 ¨ Filament
3 ¨ Insulation threads
4 ¨ Electrodes 4. 1 ¨ Connecting electrodes
5 ¨ interwoven electrodes
6 ¨ Gap
7 ¨ non heated area around gap
8 ¨ indicated current flow around the gap
Claims (10)
1. Areal electrical resistance heating network (1), characterized by the facts, that individual filaments (2), for example polymer carbon filaments, polymer silver threads, carbon fibers or metal wires are located parallel spaced longitudinally and insulating threads (3) parallel transversely located, preferably spaced at right angles, for example, glass threads or polymer threads, and thus form a network with preferably rectangular openings and that at the beginning and at the end of the resistance heating network (1) an electrode (4) is located in transverse direction in each case, consisting of a metal wire or metal band, across the entire network width and both electrodes (4) are parallel to each other and the underlying filaments (2) are electrically connected with each other.
2. Resistance heating network (1) according to claim 1, characterized by the facts, are multiple electrodes (4) which are located parallel rest on the resistance-heating network (1) and are electrically connected to it and thus make up various heating area sections and are arranged on the sensors of the resistance heating network (1), such as temperature sensor and/or moisture sensor.
3. Resistance heating network (1) according to the previously listed claims, characterized by the facts, that the filaments (2) located lengthwise are partially replaced by the insulation threads (3) and/or the insulation filaments (3) located transversely are at least partially replaced by filaments (2.1), all filaments (2, 2.1) are electrically connected with each other at the contact points and an electrode (4) consisting of a metal wire or metal band is arranged at the beginning and end of the resistance heating network (1) in each case across the entire network, and both electrodes (4) at the beginning and at the end of the resistance heating network (1) are located parallel to each other.
4. Resistance heating network (1) according to the previously listed claims, characterized by the facts, that an additional connection electrode (4.1) on the edge of the heating network (1) connects the electrodes (4) at the beginning and the end of the resistance heating network (1) with each other and another electrode (4), centrally located between the two electrodes (4) at the beginning and end of the network, is located parallel to these electrodes (4) on the resistance heating network (1), this electrode (4) has no direct contact with the connection electrode (4.1) on the edge of the resistance heating network (1) and all the electrodes (4) are electrically connected with the filaments (2) below.
5. Resistance heating network (1) in accordance with claim 3, characterized by the facts, that the electrode pattern according to claim 4 repeated multiple times on the resistance-heating network (1).
6. Resistance heating network (1) according to the previously listed claims, characterized by the fact s, that the electrodes (4) are replaced by electrodes (5) woven into the resistance heating network (1), wherein the electrodes (5) preferably consist of conductive polymer threads.
7. Resistance heating network (1) according to the previously listed claims, characterized by the facts, that the filaments (2, 2.1) in the resistance-heating network (1) have different resistance values
8. Resistance heating network (1) in accordance with one of the previously mentioned claims, characterized by the facts, that two or more resistance heating networks (1), which are laminated together, are superimposed or that two or more superimposed resistance heating networks (1) are laminated.
9. Resistance heating network (1) in accordance with one of the previously mentioned claims, characterized by the fact, that the entire resistance-heating network (1) is surrounded by an insulation layer.
10. Resistance heating network (1) in accordance with one of the previously mentioned claims, characterized by the f act, that the resistance-heating network (1) is used in the construction industry as surface heating in floor and wall areas.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014101377 | 2014-02-04 | ||
| DE102014101377.8 | 2014-02-04 | ||
| PCT/DE2015/100021 WO2015117595A1 (en) | 2014-02-04 | 2015-01-14 | Sheet-like, electrical resistance heating network |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2953174A1 true CA2953174A1 (en) | 2015-08-13 |
| CA2953174C CA2953174C (en) | 2023-10-10 |
Family
ID=52810912
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2953174A Active CA2953174C (en) | 2014-02-04 | 2015-01-14 | Areal, electrical resistance heating network |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3103312A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2953174C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE102015100449A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015117595A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018116474A1 (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-01-09 | Gustav Gerster Gmbh & Co. Kg | Heated textile device |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL7315916A (en) * | 1973-11-21 | 1975-05-23 | Benoit De La Bretoniere Andre | BUILDING CONSISTING OF ONE OR MORE SPACES EQUIPPED WITH AN ELECTRICAL HEATING INSTALLATION, RESPECTIVE HEATING INSTALLATION FOR THIS BUILDING, RESPECTIVE CURTAIN, FITTED WITH A HEATING DEVICE. |
| FR2656491B1 (en) | 1989-12-21 | 1996-06-07 | Saint Gobain Vitrage Int | HEATED GLAZING. |
| DE4233118A1 (en) * | 1992-10-02 | 1994-01-20 | Daimler Benz Ag | Flexible electric heating element esp for motor vehicle seat - comprises woven blanket or resistive fibres with electrode contact wires laid along or around its edges |
| DE19816816A1 (en) | 1998-04-16 | 1999-10-21 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Electrically heated surface heating element for heated vehicle seating or steering wheel |
| US20090078690A1 (en) * | 2004-11-16 | 2009-03-26 | Mi-Ae Lee | Fiber reinforced heating unit and mattress with thereof |
| DE202008004481U1 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2009-08-06 | VÖWA GmbH | Wall or floor covering |
| DE102010008449B4 (en) * | 2010-02-18 | 2020-02-06 | Alexander Slawinski | Infrared wall heating with flexible heating fabric |
| DE102010011102A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 | 2011-09-15 | Daimler Ag | Heating device for heating inner space of car, has fabric element including electrical heating conductor and designed as surface radiators to heat inner space of car and formed as removable cargo safety net to protect passengers |
-
2015
- 2015-01-13 DE DE102015100449.6A patent/DE102015100449A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-01-14 CA CA2953174A patent/CA2953174C/en active Active
- 2015-01-14 DE DE112015000641.9T patent/DE112015000641A5/en active Pending
- 2015-01-14 EP EP15714160.7A patent/EP3103312A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-01-14 WO PCT/DE2015/100021 patent/WO2015117595A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2015117595A1 (en) | 2015-08-13 |
| EP3103312A1 (en) | 2016-12-14 |
| DE102015100449A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
| DE112015000641A5 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
| CA2953174C (en) | 2023-10-10 |
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