CA2933914A1 - D'arsonval high frequency machine or violet ray device with reduced emission of electrically conducted interference - Google Patents
D'arsonval high frequency machine or violet ray device with reduced emission of electrically conducted interference Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2933914A1 CA2933914A1 CA2933914A CA2933914A CA2933914A1 CA 2933914 A1 CA2933914 A1 CA 2933914A1 CA 2933914 A CA2933914 A CA 2933914A CA 2933914 A CA2933914 A CA 2933914A CA 2933914 A1 CA2933914 A1 CA 2933914A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- insulating material
- high frequency
- electrode
- arsonval
- hand
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/326—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for promoting growth of cells, e.g. bone cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/328—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for improving the appearance of the skin, e.g. facial toning or wrinkle treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/10—Preparation of ozone
- C01B13/11—Preparation of ozone by electric discharge
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
This invention relates to hand held Violet Ray and D'Arsonval High Frequency Machines sometimes also referred to as Hand Held Ozone Producing Apparatus.
They are generally used for cosmetic applications such as the improvement of skin appearance and the promotion of hair growth. A specially arranged electrically conducting layer on the inner wall of the handle not only reduces conducted electrical interference into the ac mains supply but also makes it possible to make a compact self-contained battery powered device.
They are generally used for cosmetic applications such as the improvement of skin appearance and the promotion of hair growth. A specially arranged electrically conducting layer on the inner wall of the handle not only reduces conducted electrical interference into the ac mains supply but also makes it possible to make a compact self-contained battery powered device.
Description
2 D'Arsonval High Frequency Machine Or Violet Ray Device With Reduced Emission Of Conducted Electrical Interference Background Of The Invention Violet Ray or D'Arsonval High Frequency Machines for cosmetic applications also called Hand Held Ozone Producing Apparatus are subsequently referred to as devices.
They operate directly from the ac mains supply and produce short bursts of damped high voltage high frequency oscillations which cause excessive electrically conducted interference into the ac mains supply. The purpose of this invention is to reduce this kind of interference to a level which is acceptable to the regulatory authorities and show how this leads to the construction of an effective battery operated device which is free from the ac mains supply.
A Brief Description Of The Drawings Fig 1 ¨ Illustration of Prior Art Fig 2 ¨ Illustration of the Invention powered by an ac mains supply Fig 3 ¨ Illustration of the Invention powered by an internal battery Description Of Prior Art Most devices used to date are not patented with the exception of CA 2201263.
The operating principle for all these devices is the same and is best explained in conjunction with drawing Hg 1 representing a simplified longitudinal cross-section of a typical hand held device. It consists of an electronic circuit (1), a high voltage transformer (2) and a neon filled glass electrode (3). The output voltage of transformer (2) is in the form of short bursts of damped high frequency oscillations with amplitude of many kilovolts.
These short ringing high voltage bursts have a natural frequency anywhere between 100-400 KHz and are repeated 100 or 120 times per second depending on the ac mains frequency. The complete system is housed in a small hand held plastic casing (4) and is connected to the ac mains supply (5).
They operate directly from the ac mains supply and produce short bursts of damped high voltage high frequency oscillations which cause excessive electrically conducted interference into the ac mains supply. The purpose of this invention is to reduce this kind of interference to a level which is acceptable to the regulatory authorities and show how this leads to the construction of an effective battery operated device which is free from the ac mains supply.
A Brief Description Of The Drawings Fig 1 ¨ Illustration of Prior Art Fig 2 ¨ Illustration of the Invention powered by an ac mains supply Fig 3 ¨ Illustration of the Invention powered by an internal battery Description Of Prior Art Most devices used to date are not patented with the exception of CA 2201263.
The operating principle for all these devices is the same and is best explained in conjunction with drawing Hg 1 representing a simplified longitudinal cross-section of a typical hand held device. It consists of an electronic circuit (1), a high voltage transformer (2) and a neon filled glass electrode (3). The output voltage of transformer (2) is in the form of short bursts of damped high frequency oscillations with amplitude of many kilovolts.
These short ringing high voltage bursts have a natural frequency anywhere between 100-400 KHz and are repeated 100 or 120 times per second depending on the ac mains frequency. The complete system is housed in a small hand held plastic casing (4) and is connected to the ac mains supply (5).
3 When the electrode (3) touches the skin of the human body (7) the neon gas inside the glass electrode (3) ignites and becomes electrically conductive. The glass wall separating the ignited neon gas from the skin forms the dielectric of a small capacitance (6) which makes it possible for the high frequency current (10) to flow into the skin. This capacitance is in the order of a few pico-farads. The human body on the other hand can be considered as having a capacitance (8) to ground and is in the order of one hundred pico-farads. The impedance to ground of the mains supply (5) is represented by (9) being specified as 50 ohms for measuring purposes.
From the above it is clear that the current (10) flowing into the skin termed the therapeutic current also flows through the ac mains impedance (9) causing a voltage drop greater than permitted by the regulatory authorities. This current contains the fundamental frequency component ranging from anywhere between 100-400 KHz together with the associated harmonics. In addition the high voltage appearing on the neon filled glass electrode (3) produces tiny arcs due the corona effect resulting in a wide spectrum of interfering signals also flowing through the ac mains impedance (9).
It is worth noting that a common mode filter could reduce the therapeutic current (10) thus reducing the conducted interference but it would also seriously affect the effectiveness of the device. Therefore another method must be found to divert the therapeutic current (10) from the mains supply (5).
The therapeutic effect of the neon electrode is due to the capacitive current flowing between the skin and the electrode. If the neon gas is replaced by any other electrically conducting material the same therapeutic effect can be achieved.
Summary Of The Invention To eliminate the problem of conducted interference into the mains supply the high frequency therapeutic current (10) is diverted back to the human body by means of creating a capacitive coupling between the hand and the handle of the device.
This capacitance forms the return path of the therapeutic current (10) instead of the path via
From the above it is clear that the current (10) flowing into the skin termed the therapeutic current also flows through the ac mains impedance (9) causing a voltage drop greater than permitted by the regulatory authorities. This current contains the fundamental frequency component ranging from anywhere between 100-400 KHz together with the associated harmonics. In addition the high voltage appearing on the neon filled glass electrode (3) produces tiny arcs due the corona effect resulting in a wide spectrum of interfering signals also flowing through the ac mains impedance (9).
It is worth noting that a common mode filter could reduce the therapeutic current (10) thus reducing the conducted interference but it would also seriously affect the effectiveness of the device. Therefore another method must be found to divert the therapeutic current (10) from the mains supply (5).
The therapeutic effect of the neon electrode is due to the capacitive current flowing between the skin and the electrode. If the neon gas is replaced by any other electrically conducting material the same therapeutic effect can be achieved.
Summary Of The Invention To eliminate the problem of conducted interference into the mains supply the high frequency therapeutic current (10) is diverted back to the human body by means of creating a capacitive coupling between the hand and the handle of the device.
This capacitance forms the return path of the therapeutic current (10) instead of the path via
4 the ac mains supply. In the case of a battery operated device this therapeutic current flows through the hand in the same way.
Detailed Description Of The Invention The invention is best described with reference to drawing Fig 2. It is the same as Fig 1 with the exception that it is fitted with an electrically conducting layer (11) on the inside of the plastic handle. This layer forms a capacitance between the hand (12) holding the device and the electrically conductive layer (11) with the plastic housing as the dielectric. The other difference is that the secondary winding of the transformer (2) is electrically connected to the electrically conducting layer (11). This causes the therapeutic current (10) to flow via the hand and the arm (13) back to the electrode (3) which can be situated anywhere on the human body. The outer layer of the skin is a poor electrical conductor and forms part of the dielectric of the created capacitance. On the other hand the core of the human body (7) including the arm (13) is a very good electrical conductor which allows the therapeutic current to flow easily to any part of the human body. This means it travels with very little losses to the capacitance (6) between the skin and the electrode (3) and back to transformer (2).
The capacitance between the hand (12) and the electrically conductive layer (11) on the inside of handle (4) depends on the thickness of the plastic material and the area where the hand touches the handle. This area also depends on the length of the layer and the percentage of the circumference of the handle it covers. It can reach 100pf or more.
With an electrode capacitance (6) in the order of a few pico-farads most of the voltage drop occurs across this capacitance (6) where the desired therapeutic effect takes place. The reason is that the handle capacitance and the electrode capacitance form a capacitive voltage divider where the voltage drop across the handle capacitance is much less than that across the electrode capacitance. Provided the transformer (2) meets regulatory insulation standards the plastic can have any desired thickness even to the point where the handle becomes a direct metallic contact to the skin.
While the latter is possible it is not always desirable because it can lead to occasional discomfort when touching the handle while the device is operating. Using plastic material with high resistivity would then be preferable over a metallic housing.
For some applications the electronic circuit (1) might require an electrostatic screen.
Such a screen does not need to be either an electrically conductive layer (11) on the inside of the handle or in the form of an electrically conductive handle. For optimum effectiveness a genuine electrical screen needs to be as close as possible to the electronic circuit. This implies than an effective electrostatic screen distinguishes itself from the invention by means of a different mechanical construction.
There is some capacitance between the primary and secondary windings of transformer (2). Because of the high voltage between the skin and electrode (3) small corona discharges cause very high frequency currents to flow into the ac mains supply via this capacitance. However, the suppression of this kind of interference can easily be achieved by means of an inexpensive common mode filter (14) and does not affect the effectiveness of the device.
The invention also leads to the possibility of a completely self-contained battery operated device based on the above principle. The operating principle is shown in Fig 3 where the electronic circuit (1) is powered by a battery (16). Since there is no electrical connection to the ac mains supply no electrically conducted interference is possible and it is therefore the ultimate solution to avoid such interference. Also note that the dotted connection (15) in Fig 3 no longer has any effect on the proper operation of the device because there is no need to isolate the secondary of transformer (2) from an already isolated device.
It is worth noting that the connection (15) shown in Fig 3 can also be made with a device connected to the ac mains supply as shown in Fig 1 and Fig 2. The amount of interference to be suppressed by filter (14) in Fig 2 would be less than that of circuit shown in Fig 1 but still high enough to require very careful filtering. Also the handle would have to meet regulatory safety standards.
Detailed Description Of The Invention The invention is best described with reference to drawing Fig 2. It is the same as Fig 1 with the exception that it is fitted with an electrically conducting layer (11) on the inside of the plastic handle. This layer forms a capacitance between the hand (12) holding the device and the electrically conductive layer (11) with the plastic housing as the dielectric. The other difference is that the secondary winding of the transformer (2) is electrically connected to the electrically conducting layer (11). This causes the therapeutic current (10) to flow via the hand and the arm (13) back to the electrode (3) which can be situated anywhere on the human body. The outer layer of the skin is a poor electrical conductor and forms part of the dielectric of the created capacitance. On the other hand the core of the human body (7) including the arm (13) is a very good electrical conductor which allows the therapeutic current to flow easily to any part of the human body. This means it travels with very little losses to the capacitance (6) between the skin and the electrode (3) and back to transformer (2).
The capacitance between the hand (12) and the electrically conductive layer (11) on the inside of handle (4) depends on the thickness of the plastic material and the area where the hand touches the handle. This area also depends on the length of the layer and the percentage of the circumference of the handle it covers. It can reach 100pf or more.
With an electrode capacitance (6) in the order of a few pico-farads most of the voltage drop occurs across this capacitance (6) where the desired therapeutic effect takes place. The reason is that the handle capacitance and the electrode capacitance form a capacitive voltage divider where the voltage drop across the handle capacitance is much less than that across the electrode capacitance. Provided the transformer (2) meets regulatory insulation standards the plastic can have any desired thickness even to the point where the handle becomes a direct metallic contact to the skin.
While the latter is possible it is not always desirable because it can lead to occasional discomfort when touching the handle while the device is operating. Using plastic material with high resistivity would then be preferable over a metallic housing.
For some applications the electronic circuit (1) might require an electrostatic screen.
Such a screen does not need to be either an electrically conductive layer (11) on the inside of the handle or in the form of an electrically conductive handle. For optimum effectiveness a genuine electrical screen needs to be as close as possible to the electronic circuit. This implies than an effective electrostatic screen distinguishes itself from the invention by means of a different mechanical construction.
There is some capacitance between the primary and secondary windings of transformer (2). Because of the high voltage between the skin and electrode (3) small corona discharges cause very high frequency currents to flow into the ac mains supply via this capacitance. However, the suppression of this kind of interference can easily be achieved by means of an inexpensive common mode filter (14) and does not affect the effectiveness of the device.
The invention also leads to the possibility of a completely self-contained battery operated device based on the above principle. The operating principle is shown in Fig 3 where the electronic circuit (1) is powered by a battery (16). Since there is no electrical connection to the ac mains supply no electrically conducted interference is possible and it is therefore the ultimate solution to avoid such interference. Also note that the dotted connection (15) in Fig 3 no longer has any effect on the proper operation of the device because there is no need to isolate the secondary of transformer (2) from an already isolated device.
It is worth noting that the connection (15) shown in Fig 3 can also be made with a device connected to the ac mains supply as shown in Fig 1 and Fig 2. The amount of interference to be suppressed by filter (14) in Fig 2 would be less than that of circuit shown in Fig 1 but still high enough to require very careful filtering. Also the handle would have to meet regulatory safety standards.
Claims (11)
1) A Hand Held Violet Ray or D'Arsonval High Frequency Machine sometimes also referred to as Hand Held Ozone Producing Apparatus hereafter named the device where the current flowing in the electrode touching the skin has its electrical return path back to the device through the human body via a capacitance comprising an insulating material as dielectric covered with an electrically conductive layer on one side and the hand touching the insulating material on the other side.
2) A device as in claim 1 where the hand can be replaced with any other body part.
3) A device as in claim 1 where the insulating material can have any thickness which includes direct electrical contact.
4) A device as in claim 1 where the insulating material can have any dielectric constant.
5) A device as in claim 1 where the electrically conducting layer on the dielectric can be of any electrical conducting material.
6) A device as in claim 1 where electrically conducting material can be attached to the insulating material in any possible manner.
7) A device as in claim 1 where the wall of the plastic handle of the device forms the insulating material.
8) A device as in claim 1 where the electrically conductive layer is placed on the inside wall of the plastic handle of the device.
9) A device as in claim 1 where the electrically conductive layer is connected to the secondary winding of the output transformer with the secondary winding being fully insulated from the rest of the electronic circuit.
10) A device as in claim 1 where the power source is a battery which makes the device independent of the ac mains supply.
11) A device as in claim 1 where the neon electrode of the device can be any other electrode which produces similar therapeutic effects.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2933914A CA2933914A1 (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2016-06-27 | D'arsonval high frequency machine or violet ray device with reduced emission of electrically conducted interference |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2933914A CA2933914A1 (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2016-06-27 | D'arsonval high frequency machine or violet ray device with reduced emission of electrically conducted interference |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2933914A1 true CA2933914A1 (en) | 2017-12-27 |
Family
ID=60804706
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2933914A Abandoned CA2933914A1 (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2016-06-27 | D'arsonval high frequency machine or violet ray device with reduced emission of electrically conducted interference |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2933914A1 (en) |
-
2016
- 2016-06-27 CA CA2933914A patent/CA2933914A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20220301 |