CA2916334C - Capacitor device - Google Patents
Capacitor device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2916334C CA2916334C CA2916334A CA2916334A CA2916334C CA 2916334 C CA2916334 C CA 2916334C CA 2916334 A CA2916334 A CA 2916334A CA 2916334 A CA2916334 A CA 2916334A CA 2916334 C CA2916334 C CA 2916334C
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- CA
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- Prior art keywords
- visco
- elastic
- capacitor
- capacitor device
- elements
- Prior art date
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Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000003190 viscoelastic substance Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 9
- 108010001267 Protein Subunits Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/38—Multiple capacitors, i.e. structural combinations of fixed capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
- H01G2/02—Mountings
- H01G2/04—Mountings specially adapted for mounting on a chassis
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
- H01G2/10—Housing; Encapsulation
- H01G2/106—Fixing the capacitor in a housing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/40—Structural combinations of fixed capacitors with other electric elements, the structure mainly consisting of a capacitor, e.g. RC combinations
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a capacitor device (1), comprising a plurality of adjacent capacitor elements (3), each comprising at least two electrodes (4) and at least one dielectric (5) arranged between the electrodes (4). At least one viscoelastic damping element (7) is arranged between at least two adjacent capacitor elements (3).
Description
. 2013P07985W0IN
Description Capacitor device The invention relates to a capacitor device comprising a plurality of capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent and in each case comprise at least two electrodes and at least one dielectric medium interdisposed between the electrodes.
Electrical capacitor devices typically have a multiplicity of electrical capacitor elements which are disposed in rows or stacks, so as to be mutually adjacent. Each capacitor element is formed from at least two electrodes and at least one dielectric medium interdisposed between the electrodes.
Capacitor devices of this type are employed, for example, as power capacitors in the field of power engineering for transmitting and distributing electric power in or between power distribution networks.
It is known that mechanical vibrations may be created in the capacitor device or in those components that are associated with the latter, in particular in the dielectric media forming parts of respective capacitor elements, on account of the alternating voltages which due to operational causes are applied to such a capacitor device or of alternating currents which due to operational causes flow therethrough, respectively. The mechanical vibrations may lead to generation of considerable noise. The generation of noise may be of such a high manner that relevant regulations and limit values are exceeded.
Attempts which have been made to date and which are aimed at reducing mechanical vibrations which are created due to operational causes in respective capacitor devices, or the resulting generation of noise, respectively, are often not satisfactory. The invention is based on the object of providing a capacitor device which in relation thereto is improved.
The object is achieved according to the invention by a capacitor device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is distinguished in that at least one visco-elastic damping element is interdisposed between at least two capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent.
The principle according to the invention is based on the concept of subdividing a capacitor device which is formed from a plurality, i.e. typically a plurality of dozens, of capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent into specific sub-units or sub-units which are disposed in a specific manner, respectively, by means of visco-elastic damping elements which are interdisposed between the capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent or groups of capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent. A sub-unit here is composed of one capacitor element or one group of a plurality of capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent.
The size, i.e. the number of capacitor elements which is comprised by one sub-unit, is defined by selecting the positioning of the = damping elements between the capacitor elements which are typically disposed in the manner of a row or a stack. The number of respective capacitor elements which are assigned to a sub-unit is to be selected in particular with consideration to the total number of capacitor elements and the configuration possibility of respective mechanical vibrations by the capacitor device assigned thereto. In principle, the number of respective capacitor elements which are assigned to one sub-unit, i.e. the size of respective sub-units, is arbitrary.
The fashion of the arrangement of respective sub-units, or the selection of the sequence which determines the order of the sub-units, respectively, is also defined by selecting the positioning of the damping elements between the capacitor elements. In this way a uniform subdivision of the capacitor device into respective sub-units may be formed by a regular sequence or arrangement, respectively, of respective damping elements between the capacitor elements, for example.
A regular sequence of respective sub-units is defined in particular when at least one damping element is interdisposed between all capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be directly mutually adjacent.
An irregular sequence or arrangement, respectively, of respective damping elements accordingly forms an irregular subdivision of the capacitor device into respective sub-units.
It is also conceivable that specific portions of the capacitor device are subdivided into regular sub-units, and other portions of the capacitor device are subdivided into irregular sub-units. Viewing the entire capacitor device, the latter thus may at least in regions comprise sub-units which are disposed so as to be in a regular sequence, or at least in regions comprise sub-units which are disposed so as to be in an irregular sequence, respectively.
The visco-elastic damping element may be interdisposed across the entire area of two capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent, such that the former in each case fully covers the directly mutually adjoining faces of the latter. However, it is also conceivable that the damping element covers the directly mutually adjoining faces of respective capacitor elements only in regions or in part. For example, one or a plurality of damping elements which are configured in a strip-like manner may in each case and in particular in their entirety cover the directly mutually adjoining faces of respective capacitor elements only in regions.
A visco-elastic damping element employed according to the invention is generally a component which is configured to dampen, i.e. to at least attenuate, respective mechanical vibrations which are created due to operational causes in the capacitor device, i.e. in particular in the capacitor elements.
A visco-elastic damping element may thus be configured at least in part to absorb respective mechanical vibrations, so as to convert the mechanical vibrational energy thereof into thermal energy, for example. The visco-elastic properties and thus the visco-elastic behavior of the visco-elastic damping element therefore has a high viscous component and thus a high absorbing capability in relation to respective vibrations which due to operational causes are caused within the capacitor device or the capacitor elements, respectively.
It follows therefrom that the visco-elastic damping element(s) is/are linked to the capacitor elements in such a manner that the mechanical vibrations which due to operational causes are created in the latter can be directed into the damping elements. Accordingly, the damping elements are expediently disposed so as to directly adjoin the faces of respective capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be directly opposite, i.e. to contact the latter.
Overall, the interdisposition of one or a plurality of respective damping elements between two capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent or groups of capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent offers the potential of mechanically and in particular acoustically separating the latter. The potential for propagation and intensification of vibrations or vibration amplitudes, respectively, which are formed within the capacitor device or the respective capacitor elements, respectively, is thus precluded or at least reduced, respectively. This leads to noise generation during operation of the capacitor device which in comparison is significantly reduced. The damping elements which are provided according to the invention may also lead to a shift in the resonance frequencies due to operational causes to a higher frequency range.
In particular, the subdivision of the capacitor device into respective sub-units, i.e. small groups of capacitor elements, for example, leads to a shift in the resonance frequency of the respective sub-unit or the group of capacitor elements, respectively, to higher frequencies, on account of which the noise level in the range of comparatively low frequencies is disproportionately reduced. Since significantly lower excitation of the vibrations takes place in the range of higher frequencies, the entire noise level which is created due to operational causes is considerably reduced on account of the subdivision of the capacitor device into respective capacitor elements or groups of capacitor elements. The visco-elastic damping elements thus have the primary task or function, respectively, of acoustically delinking the individual capacitor elements or groups of capacitor elements, respectively, wherein at the same time the mechanical forces which are required for mechanical assembly are imparted by the preferably planar contact between the visco-elastic damping elements and the respective capacitor elements.
Should a plurality of damping elements be provided, these may have visco-elastic properties which differ among the damping elements or display different visco-elastic behavior, respectively. It is enabled in this manner that with a view to typical operating conditions which in particular relate to the electrical charges which during operation are applied to the respective capacitor elements, the capacitor device according to the invention is equipped so as to be suited to the requirements and in an individualized manner with damping elements having various visco-elastic properties and thus with variable visco-elastic behavior. It is also conceivable, of course, that all employed damping elements have identical visco-elastic properties and thus display identical visco-elastic behavior.
The visco-elastic properties or the visco-elastic behavior, respectively, of a corresponding damping element are determined in particular by the specific configuration of the damping element.
The visco-elastic damping element is preferably formed from one visco-elastic material or from a plurality of optionally different visco-elastic materials. The visco-elastic damping element may also comprise at least one visco-elastic material or a plurality of optionally different visco-elastic materials.
In principle, a visco-elastic damping element accordingly may be a body which itself has been formed from one or a plurality of optionally different visco-elastic materials. However, it is also conceivable that a visco-elastic damping element comprises one or a plurality of optionally different visco-elastic materials or bodies, respectively, contained in a receptacle, a sheath, or similar, which is provided therefore, for example.
In the concept of the present invention, materials or products, respectively, which are listed in the following may be considered to be corresponding visco-elastic materials both individually as well as in mixtures.
A visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element or is comprised therein may be a natural and/or synthetic elastomeric material which is in particular based on an organic plastics material and/or silicone, for example. The visco-elastic material may thus be present in the form of a natural or synthetic elastomer. In relation to the visco-elastic properties thereof, elastomers have a comparatively high viscous content and thus a comparatively high vibration-absorbing capacity and to this extent are very suitable for the employment envisaged according to the invention as a visco-elastic damping element or as part of a visco-elastic damping element. All types of natural or synthetic elastomers, rubbers, or natural rubbers may be used. Reference is made in a purely exemplary manner to natural rubber, to synthetic elastomers, i.e. such which are based on plastics materials or polymer, respectively, and to silicone caoutchouc.
In order for the visco-elastic properties of the elastomeric material to be influenced, i.e. in order for the viscous component of the visco-elastic properties to be increased, the elastomeric material may be filled with organic and/or inorganic filler materials, in particular particulate filler materials. The shape, size, and concentration of the filler material(s) here are to be chosen in principle with a view to the construction of a capacitor device, i.e. in particular to the composition of the capacitor elements which form the latter, and to the associated potentiaL of configuring corresponding mechanical vibrations.
The visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element or is comprised therein may also be a cellular foam material. On account of in particular the network-like cellular structure thereof, foam materials may be distinguished by a high absorbing capacity in relation to corresponding mechanical vibrations. The intermediate spaces between cells which are formed by the cellular structure of the foam material may be filled with viscous materials, such as, for example, viscous fluids, so as to increase the viscous component or the viscous behavior of the fundamentally visco-elastic foam material.
In this context it is advantageous for the foam material at least in part to have open cells. The open-cell structure of the foam material allows communication between the intermediate spaces between cells which are delimited by cell walls, so that a viscous fluid is able to be readily distributed within the foam material as well as to move into and out of the foam material. Particularly expediently, the intermediate cellular spaces of the foam material may at least in part be filled with an isolation medium, in particular an isolation oil, which surrounds the capacitor elements. The isolation medium, i.e. in particular the isolation oil, thus serves for adjusting or increasing, respectively, the viscous component of the visco-elastic properties of the foam material.
The foam material may for example be an in particular open-cell plastics foam based on a foamable plastics material, such as, for example, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, or mixtures thereof.
= The visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element or which is comprised therein may also be a textile material. The textile material may be a woven textile fabric, a knitted textile fabric, or a warp-knitted textile fabric, for example. The visco-elastic properties, i.e. in particular the viscous component thereof, of the textile material may be defined or influenced, respectively, in particular by the material forming the latter and the arrangement or orientation of the fibers, respectively.
The textile material may be a fibrous material formed from oriented or non-oriented fibers, for example. This here may be an oriented fibrous product, i.e. a cross-laid fibrous structure, such as a mat, for example, or a non-oriented fibrous product, i.e. a random fibrous structure, such as a felt, for example. The fibers may be natural fibers, man-made fibers, or mixtures thereof.
In order for as high a viscous component of the visco-elastic properties of the textile material as possible to be implemented, the use of a fiber having a comparatively low elasticity and thus comparatively high viscosity and which is in as non-oriented a state as possible is to be envisaged in particular. The fibers which form the textile material may be loosely interconnected. In order for the viscous component of the visco-elastic properties of the textile material to be increased, the textile material moreover may be infused with a viscous medium, such as for example an elastic or rubber-like resin, respectively, or with a viscous liquid. Accordingly, it is also conceivable here for the textile material at least in part to be infused with an isolation medium, in particular an isolation oil, which surrounds the capacitor elements.
The visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element or is comprised therein may also be a loose material filling from at least one bulk material. The visco-elastic properties, i.e. in particular the viscous component thereof, may be defined or influenced, respectively, in particular by the type, size, and distribution and the density resulting substantially therefrom of the bulk material (bulk product) which forms the material filling.
The bulk material may be composed of organic and/or inorganic, in particular particulate and/or fibrous bulk products, for example. The bulk products thus may be in the form of inorganic particles composed of ceramic and/or silicon oxide and/or organic particles from plastics materials, in particular elastomers, for example.
The potential which has been mentioned with reference to the embodiments of the visco-elastic material as a foam material or as a textile material for infusion with a viscous fluid, i.e.
in particular with an isolation medium which surrounds the capacitor elements, such as an isolation oil, is also implementable with reference to the embodiment of the visco-elastic material as a filling material. It is expedient in this context for the bulk material to be received in a receptacle which is permeable to an isolation medium, in particular an isolation oil, which surrounds the capacitor elements. The receptacle may for example be a perforated bag from a plastics material, wherein the size of the perforations is selected such that the bulk material which is located within the bag cannot make its way out of the bag, whereas the isolation fluid may make its way through the perforations to the interior of the bag, such that the bulk material may be infused with the isolation fluid. Intermediate spaces which may optionally be present between the bulk products may be filled by the isolation fluid which has made its way between the bulk products forming the bulk material.
It applies to all embodiments of the capacitor device according to the invention that the visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element or is comprised therein is stable in such a manner in particular in relation to thermal and/or optionally corrosive influences that it is not damaged under the operating conditions of the capacitor device according to the invention.
It furthermore applies to all embodiments of the capacitor device according to the invention that apart from the described = capacitor elements a capacitor device according to the invention typically has a housing in which the capacitor elements are disposed in the manner of a row or a stack. The housing may at least in part be filled with an electrically isolating medium, i.e. an isolation medium, such as an isolation oil, for example. The housing is expediently equipped with suitable electrical connector elements for the capacitor elements which are received within said housing. The capacitor elements may comprise electrodes which are formed from one or a plurality of layers of electrically conductive foils, such as metal foils, for example, in particular from aluminum, and a dielectric medium which is formed from one or a plurality of layers of electrically isolating films, such as plastics material films, for example, in particular from polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyethylene terephthalate.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a capacitor device comprising a plurality of capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent and in each case comprise at least two electrodes and at least one dielectric medium interdisposed between the electrodes, wherein at least one visco-elastic damping element is interdisposed between at least two capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent, for mechanical and acoustic separation of the capacitor elements.
Further advantages and details of the present invention are derived from the exemplary embodiments which are described hereunder, and by means of the drawings in which:
Figs. 1 - 4 show in each case an in-principle illustration of a sectional view through a capacitor device according to one exemplary embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a damping element interdisposed between two capacitor elements.
Fig. 1 shows an in-principle illustration of a sectional view through a capacitor device 1 according to one exemplary embodiment of the invention. The capacitor device 1 may be employed as power capacitors in the field of power engineering - ha -for transmitting and distributing electric power in or between power distribution networks, for example.
The capacitor device 1 comprises an ashlar-shaped housing 2. A
plurality of capacitor elements 3 are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent in the housing 2. Notwithstanding the fact that only three capacitor elements 3 are shown in fig. 1, the capacitor device 1 comprises a multiplicity, i.e. typically a plurality of dozens, of corresponding capacitor elements 3 in a row-like or stack-like arrangement.
Each capacitor element 3 is composed of two electrodes 4, in each case one dielectric medium 5 being interdisposed between them. The electrodes 4 typically are thin metal foils from aluminum. The electrodes 4 here may in each case comprise a plurality of layers of corresponding metal foils. The dielectric medium 5 is typically thin plastics material films, for example from polypropylene. The dielectric medium 5 may also comprise a plurality of layers of corresponding plastics material films. Both the metal foils which form the electrodes 4 as well as the plastics material films which form the dielectric medium 5 may be available in a wound form. A
corresponding capacitor element 3 may have a wound structure.
The receptacle space which receives the individual capacitor elements 3 and which to this end is provided within the housing
Description Capacitor device The invention relates to a capacitor device comprising a plurality of capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent and in each case comprise at least two electrodes and at least one dielectric medium interdisposed between the electrodes.
Electrical capacitor devices typically have a multiplicity of electrical capacitor elements which are disposed in rows or stacks, so as to be mutually adjacent. Each capacitor element is formed from at least two electrodes and at least one dielectric medium interdisposed between the electrodes.
Capacitor devices of this type are employed, for example, as power capacitors in the field of power engineering for transmitting and distributing electric power in or between power distribution networks.
It is known that mechanical vibrations may be created in the capacitor device or in those components that are associated with the latter, in particular in the dielectric media forming parts of respective capacitor elements, on account of the alternating voltages which due to operational causes are applied to such a capacitor device or of alternating currents which due to operational causes flow therethrough, respectively. The mechanical vibrations may lead to generation of considerable noise. The generation of noise may be of such a high manner that relevant regulations and limit values are exceeded.
Attempts which have been made to date and which are aimed at reducing mechanical vibrations which are created due to operational causes in respective capacitor devices, or the resulting generation of noise, respectively, are often not satisfactory. The invention is based on the object of providing a capacitor device which in relation thereto is improved.
The object is achieved according to the invention by a capacitor device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is distinguished in that at least one visco-elastic damping element is interdisposed between at least two capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent.
The principle according to the invention is based on the concept of subdividing a capacitor device which is formed from a plurality, i.e. typically a plurality of dozens, of capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent into specific sub-units or sub-units which are disposed in a specific manner, respectively, by means of visco-elastic damping elements which are interdisposed between the capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent or groups of capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent. A sub-unit here is composed of one capacitor element or one group of a plurality of capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent.
The size, i.e. the number of capacitor elements which is comprised by one sub-unit, is defined by selecting the positioning of the = damping elements between the capacitor elements which are typically disposed in the manner of a row or a stack. The number of respective capacitor elements which are assigned to a sub-unit is to be selected in particular with consideration to the total number of capacitor elements and the configuration possibility of respective mechanical vibrations by the capacitor device assigned thereto. In principle, the number of respective capacitor elements which are assigned to one sub-unit, i.e. the size of respective sub-units, is arbitrary.
The fashion of the arrangement of respective sub-units, or the selection of the sequence which determines the order of the sub-units, respectively, is also defined by selecting the positioning of the damping elements between the capacitor elements. In this way a uniform subdivision of the capacitor device into respective sub-units may be formed by a regular sequence or arrangement, respectively, of respective damping elements between the capacitor elements, for example.
A regular sequence of respective sub-units is defined in particular when at least one damping element is interdisposed between all capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be directly mutually adjacent.
An irregular sequence or arrangement, respectively, of respective damping elements accordingly forms an irregular subdivision of the capacitor device into respective sub-units.
It is also conceivable that specific portions of the capacitor device are subdivided into regular sub-units, and other portions of the capacitor device are subdivided into irregular sub-units. Viewing the entire capacitor device, the latter thus may at least in regions comprise sub-units which are disposed so as to be in a regular sequence, or at least in regions comprise sub-units which are disposed so as to be in an irregular sequence, respectively.
The visco-elastic damping element may be interdisposed across the entire area of two capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent, such that the former in each case fully covers the directly mutually adjoining faces of the latter. However, it is also conceivable that the damping element covers the directly mutually adjoining faces of respective capacitor elements only in regions or in part. For example, one or a plurality of damping elements which are configured in a strip-like manner may in each case and in particular in their entirety cover the directly mutually adjoining faces of respective capacitor elements only in regions.
A visco-elastic damping element employed according to the invention is generally a component which is configured to dampen, i.e. to at least attenuate, respective mechanical vibrations which are created due to operational causes in the capacitor device, i.e. in particular in the capacitor elements.
A visco-elastic damping element may thus be configured at least in part to absorb respective mechanical vibrations, so as to convert the mechanical vibrational energy thereof into thermal energy, for example. The visco-elastic properties and thus the visco-elastic behavior of the visco-elastic damping element therefore has a high viscous component and thus a high absorbing capability in relation to respective vibrations which due to operational causes are caused within the capacitor device or the capacitor elements, respectively.
It follows therefrom that the visco-elastic damping element(s) is/are linked to the capacitor elements in such a manner that the mechanical vibrations which due to operational causes are created in the latter can be directed into the damping elements. Accordingly, the damping elements are expediently disposed so as to directly adjoin the faces of respective capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be directly opposite, i.e. to contact the latter.
Overall, the interdisposition of one or a plurality of respective damping elements between two capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent or groups of capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent offers the potential of mechanically and in particular acoustically separating the latter. The potential for propagation and intensification of vibrations or vibration amplitudes, respectively, which are formed within the capacitor device or the respective capacitor elements, respectively, is thus precluded or at least reduced, respectively. This leads to noise generation during operation of the capacitor device which in comparison is significantly reduced. The damping elements which are provided according to the invention may also lead to a shift in the resonance frequencies due to operational causes to a higher frequency range.
In particular, the subdivision of the capacitor device into respective sub-units, i.e. small groups of capacitor elements, for example, leads to a shift in the resonance frequency of the respective sub-unit or the group of capacitor elements, respectively, to higher frequencies, on account of which the noise level in the range of comparatively low frequencies is disproportionately reduced. Since significantly lower excitation of the vibrations takes place in the range of higher frequencies, the entire noise level which is created due to operational causes is considerably reduced on account of the subdivision of the capacitor device into respective capacitor elements or groups of capacitor elements. The visco-elastic damping elements thus have the primary task or function, respectively, of acoustically delinking the individual capacitor elements or groups of capacitor elements, respectively, wherein at the same time the mechanical forces which are required for mechanical assembly are imparted by the preferably planar contact between the visco-elastic damping elements and the respective capacitor elements.
Should a plurality of damping elements be provided, these may have visco-elastic properties which differ among the damping elements or display different visco-elastic behavior, respectively. It is enabled in this manner that with a view to typical operating conditions which in particular relate to the electrical charges which during operation are applied to the respective capacitor elements, the capacitor device according to the invention is equipped so as to be suited to the requirements and in an individualized manner with damping elements having various visco-elastic properties and thus with variable visco-elastic behavior. It is also conceivable, of course, that all employed damping elements have identical visco-elastic properties and thus display identical visco-elastic behavior.
The visco-elastic properties or the visco-elastic behavior, respectively, of a corresponding damping element are determined in particular by the specific configuration of the damping element.
The visco-elastic damping element is preferably formed from one visco-elastic material or from a plurality of optionally different visco-elastic materials. The visco-elastic damping element may also comprise at least one visco-elastic material or a plurality of optionally different visco-elastic materials.
In principle, a visco-elastic damping element accordingly may be a body which itself has been formed from one or a plurality of optionally different visco-elastic materials. However, it is also conceivable that a visco-elastic damping element comprises one or a plurality of optionally different visco-elastic materials or bodies, respectively, contained in a receptacle, a sheath, or similar, which is provided therefore, for example.
In the concept of the present invention, materials or products, respectively, which are listed in the following may be considered to be corresponding visco-elastic materials both individually as well as in mixtures.
A visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element or is comprised therein may be a natural and/or synthetic elastomeric material which is in particular based on an organic plastics material and/or silicone, for example. The visco-elastic material may thus be present in the form of a natural or synthetic elastomer. In relation to the visco-elastic properties thereof, elastomers have a comparatively high viscous content and thus a comparatively high vibration-absorbing capacity and to this extent are very suitable for the employment envisaged according to the invention as a visco-elastic damping element or as part of a visco-elastic damping element. All types of natural or synthetic elastomers, rubbers, or natural rubbers may be used. Reference is made in a purely exemplary manner to natural rubber, to synthetic elastomers, i.e. such which are based on plastics materials or polymer, respectively, and to silicone caoutchouc.
In order for the visco-elastic properties of the elastomeric material to be influenced, i.e. in order for the viscous component of the visco-elastic properties to be increased, the elastomeric material may be filled with organic and/or inorganic filler materials, in particular particulate filler materials. The shape, size, and concentration of the filler material(s) here are to be chosen in principle with a view to the construction of a capacitor device, i.e. in particular to the composition of the capacitor elements which form the latter, and to the associated potentiaL of configuring corresponding mechanical vibrations.
The visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element or is comprised therein may also be a cellular foam material. On account of in particular the network-like cellular structure thereof, foam materials may be distinguished by a high absorbing capacity in relation to corresponding mechanical vibrations. The intermediate spaces between cells which are formed by the cellular structure of the foam material may be filled with viscous materials, such as, for example, viscous fluids, so as to increase the viscous component or the viscous behavior of the fundamentally visco-elastic foam material.
In this context it is advantageous for the foam material at least in part to have open cells. The open-cell structure of the foam material allows communication between the intermediate spaces between cells which are delimited by cell walls, so that a viscous fluid is able to be readily distributed within the foam material as well as to move into and out of the foam material. Particularly expediently, the intermediate cellular spaces of the foam material may at least in part be filled with an isolation medium, in particular an isolation oil, which surrounds the capacitor elements. The isolation medium, i.e. in particular the isolation oil, thus serves for adjusting or increasing, respectively, the viscous component of the visco-elastic properties of the foam material.
The foam material may for example be an in particular open-cell plastics foam based on a foamable plastics material, such as, for example, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, or mixtures thereof.
= The visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element or which is comprised therein may also be a textile material. The textile material may be a woven textile fabric, a knitted textile fabric, or a warp-knitted textile fabric, for example. The visco-elastic properties, i.e. in particular the viscous component thereof, of the textile material may be defined or influenced, respectively, in particular by the material forming the latter and the arrangement or orientation of the fibers, respectively.
The textile material may be a fibrous material formed from oriented or non-oriented fibers, for example. This here may be an oriented fibrous product, i.e. a cross-laid fibrous structure, such as a mat, for example, or a non-oriented fibrous product, i.e. a random fibrous structure, such as a felt, for example. The fibers may be natural fibers, man-made fibers, or mixtures thereof.
In order for as high a viscous component of the visco-elastic properties of the textile material as possible to be implemented, the use of a fiber having a comparatively low elasticity and thus comparatively high viscosity and which is in as non-oriented a state as possible is to be envisaged in particular. The fibers which form the textile material may be loosely interconnected. In order for the viscous component of the visco-elastic properties of the textile material to be increased, the textile material moreover may be infused with a viscous medium, such as for example an elastic or rubber-like resin, respectively, or with a viscous liquid. Accordingly, it is also conceivable here for the textile material at least in part to be infused with an isolation medium, in particular an isolation oil, which surrounds the capacitor elements.
The visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element or is comprised therein may also be a loose material filling from at least one bulk material. The visco-elastic properties, i.e. in particular the viscous component thereof, may be defined or influenced, respectively, in particular by the type, size, and distribution and the density resulting substantially therefrom of the bulk material (bulk product) which forms the material filling.
The bulk material may be composed of organic and/or inorganic, in particular particulate and/or fibrous bulk products, for example. The bulk products thus may be in the form of inorganic particles composed of ceramic and/or silicon oxide and/or organic particles from plastics materials, in particular elastomers, for example.
The potential which has been mentioned with reference to the embodiments of the visco-elastic material as a foam material or as a textile material for infusion with a viscous fluid, i.e.
in particular with an isolation medium which surrounds the capacitor elements, such as an isolation oil, is also implementable with reference to the embodiment of the visco-elastic material as a filling material. It is expedient in this context for the bulk material to be received in a receptacle which is permeable to an isolation medium, in particular an isolation oil, which surrounds the capacitor elements. The receptacle may for example be a perforated bag from a plastics material, wherein the size of the perforations is selected such that the bulk material which is located within the bag cannot make its way out of the bag, whereas the isolation fluid may make its way through the perforations to the interior of the bag, such that the bulk material may be infused with the isolation fluid. Intermediate spaces which may optionally be present between the bulk products may be filled by the isolation fluid which has made its way between the bulk products forming the bulk material.
It applies to all embodiments of the capacitor device according to the invention that the visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element or is comprised therein is stable in such a manner in particular in relation to thermal and/or optionally corrosive influences that it is not damaged under the operating conditions of the capacitor device according to the invention.
It furthermore applies to all embodiments of the capacitor device according to the invention that apart from the described = capacitor elements a capacitor device according to the invention typically has a housing in which the capacitor elements are disposed in the manner of a row or a stack. The housing may at least in part be filled with an electrically isolating medium, i.e. an isolation medium, such as an isolation oil, for example. The housing is expediently equipped with suitable electrical connector elements for the capacitor elements which are received within said housing. The capacitor elements may comprise electrodes which are formed from one or a plurality of layers of electrically conductive foils, such as metal foils, for example, in particular from aluminum, and a dielectric medium which is formed from one or a plurality of layers of electrically isolating films, such as plastics material films, for example, in particular from polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyethylene terephthalate.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a capacitor device comprising a plurality of capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent and in each case comprise at least two electrodes and at least one dielectric medium interdisposed between the electrodes, wherein at least one visco-elastic damping element is interdisposed between at least two capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent, for mechanical and acoustic separation of the capacitor elements.
Further advantages and details of the present invention are derived from the exemplary embodiments which are described hereunder, and by means of the drawings in which:
Figs. 1 - 4 show in each case an in-principle illustration of a sectional view through a capacitor device according to one exemplary embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a damping element interdisposed between two capacitor elements.
Fig. 1 shows an in-principle illustration of a sectional view through a capacitor device 1 according to one exemplary embodiment of the invention. The capacitor device 1 may be employed as power capacitors in the field of power engineering - ha -for transmitting and distributing electric power in or between power distribution networks, for example.
The capacitor device 1 comprises an ashlar-shaped housing 2. A
plurality of capacitor elements 3 are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent in the housing 2. Notwithstanding the fact that only three capacitor elements 3 are shown in fig. 1, the capacitor device 1 comprises a multiplicity, i.e. typically a plurality of dozens, of corresponding capacitor elements 3 in a row-like or stack-like arrangement.
Each capacitor element 3 is composed of two electrodes 4, in each case one dielectric medium 5 being interdisposed between them. The electrodes 4 typically are thin metal foils from aluminum. The electrodes 4 here may in each case comprise a plurality of layers of corresponding metal foils. The dielectric medium 5 is typically thin plastics material films, for example from polypropylene. The dielectric medium 5 may also comprise a plurality of layers of corresponding plastics material films. Both the metal foils which form the electrodes 4 as well as the plastics material films which form the dielectric medium 5 may be available in a wound form. A
corresponding capacitor element 3 may have a wound structure.
The receptacle space which receives the individual capacitor elements 3 and which to this end is provided within the housing
2 is filled with an isolation fluid in the form of an isolation oil. In this manner it is possible for an electrical isolation to be implemented in particular between the capacitor elements
3 and the housing 2. It is also conceivable in this context for the inner faces of the housing 2, which define the receptacle space for the capacitor elements 3, to be provided with an electrically isolating cladding or coating.
The housing 2 is equipped with electrical connector elements 6 which are electrically connected to the capacitor elements 3.
Mechanical tensions and mechanical vibrations resulting therefrom may be created in the respective dielectric media 5, on account of the electrical loads which during operation of the capacitor device I are applied to the electrodes 4 of the respective capacitor elements 3. The mechanical vibrations may be disseminated through the respective capacitor elements 3 up to the housing 2 and thus lead to generation of considerable noise.
In particular, intimate mechanical contact between capacitor elements 3 which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent leads to acoustic coupling therebetween, so that the resonance frequency of the arrangement in relation to the natural mechanical frequency of an individual capacitor element 3 may shift to lower frequencies. Since damping in general is considerably lower in the case of lower frequencies than in the case of higher frequencies, the vibrations are generated and radiated in a particularly intense manner in particular in the range of the lower frequencies.
In order for this to be prevented or at least reduced, respectively, visco-elastic damping elements 7 are interdisposed between the capacitor elements 3. Mechanical and acoustic separation or decoupling, respectively, of individual capacitor elements 3 or a plurality thereof is implemented by way of the damping elements 7.
The visco-elastic damping elements 7 which typically directly bear on the capacitor elements 3 are configured in such a manner that they at least in part absorb the mechanical vibrations which due to operational causes are created in the capacitor elements 3. The visco-elastic properties of the visco-elastic damping elements 7 have a high viscous component, so as to ensure a high degree of absorption in relation to the mechanical vibrations which due to operational causes are created in the capacitor elements 3. In particular, shifting of the resonance frequency of the mechanical vibrations toward higher frequency ranges may be enabled by way of the visco-elastic damping elements 7.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a visco-elastic damping element 7 which is interdisposed between two capacitor elements 3. The visco-elastic behavior of the visco-elastic damping element 7 is schematically illustrated by way of a spring-and-damper model. As has been mentioned, in the case of the visco-elastic damping elements 7 which are employed according to the invention, in principle a visco-elastic behavior having as high a viscous component as possible is envisaged, so as to implement as high an absorption capacity as possible in relation to the mechanical vibrations which due to operational causes are created in the capacitor elements 3.
The interdisposition of the visco-elastic damping elements 7 between the capacitor elements 3 may be regular or irregular.
Consequently, by way of the damping elements 7 a regular or irregular subdivision of the capacitor device 1 into corresponding sub-units which are in each case formed from at least one capacitor element 3 may be performed.
Optionally, the interdisposition of the visco-elastic damping elements 7 between the capacitor elements 3 in relation to the overall construction of the capacitor device 1, that is to say in particular the total number of the capacitor elements 3 comprised therein, may also be regular in regions or be irregular in regions, respectively. The visco-elastic damping elements 7 which are interdisposed between corresponding capacitor elements 3 may likewise vary in terms of numbers and construction.
The visco-elastic properties or the visco-elastic behavior, respectively, of a corresponding visco-elastic damping element 7 are based on the latter being formed from at least one or a plurality of optionally different visco-elastic materials. It is also conceivable for a corresponding visco-elastic damping element 7 to comprise one or a plurality of optionally different visco-elastic materials.
In the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1, the visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element 7 is an elastomeric material. The elastomeric material may be a natural or a synthetic elastomer, for example. The natural elastomer may for example be available in the form of natural rubber or natural caoutchouc, respectively. The synthetic elastomer may be available as a polymer caoutchouc elastomer or as a silicone caoutchouc, for example. The elastomeric material may also be formed from mixtures of natural and synthetic elastomeric materials.
It is conceivable for the elastomeric material to be filled with organic and/or inorganic, in particular particulate filler materials. The filler materials may be plastics material and/or ceramic particles, for example. In this manner, an adjustment of the visco-elastic and thus acoustic-mechanical properties of the visco-elastic material is possible, so =as to obtain absorption which is as optimal as possible and thus damping of the mechanical vibrations which due to operational causes are created in the capacitor elements 3. It should again be pointed out in this context that the visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element 7 should have a viscous component which is as high as possible. The selection of filler material and the concentration of filler material thus has to be oriented toward establishing as high a viscous behavior as possible of the visco-elastic damping element 7.
Fig. 2 shows an in-principle illustration of a sectional view through a capacitor device according to one further exemplary embodiment of the invention. The substantial difference between the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 2 and the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1 lies in the configuration or structure, respectively, of the visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element 7. The visco-elastic material here is a cellular foam material. The foam material thus has intermediate spaces between the cells which are formed by corresponding cell walls (cellular structure). The foam material has open cells, i.e. the cell structure of the foam material is open, such that the individual intermediate spaces between the cells may at least in part communicate with one another. The foam material may be a plastics material foam based on polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyamide, for example.
In order for the viscous component of the visco-elastic properties of the visco-elastic damping element 7 which is configured in such a manner to be increased, it is expedient for the intermediate spaces between the cells of the foam material to be penetrated by the isolation oil which surrounds the capacitor elements 3. The intermediate spaces between the cells of the foam material are thus filled with the isolation oil. The highly viscous isolation oil by way of its movement through the intermediate spaces between the cells contributes toward damping the movement of the cellular structure which is induced by the mechanical vibrations.
In the case of the sectional view through a capacitor device 1 according to one further exemplary embodiment of the invention, shown in fig. 3, the visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element 7 is a textile material. The textile material in principle may be formed by oriented or non-oriented fibers. This here may be a felted textile or a textile mat, for example. The fibers which form the textile material may be natural and/or synthetic fibers. The visco-elastic properties of the textile material, that is to say in particular the viscous component thereof, are substantially determined by the type and orientation of the fibers. In order for the viscous component of the textile material to be increased, it is expedient here too for the latter to be infused with the isolation oil which surrounds the capacitor elements 3.
In the case of the exemplary embodiment of a capacitor device 1, which is shown in fig. 4, the visco-elastic element 7 comprises an in particular bag-like receptacle in which a loose material filling from one or a plurality of bulk materials is contained. The bulk material may be organic and/or inorganic bulk products. The bulk products may be particulate and/or fibrous. It is conceivable for the bulk products to be formed from ceramic, silicon dioxide, and/or elastomers, for example.
The in particular bag-like receptacle which receives the bulk materials is provided with encircling perforations and is thus permeable to the isolation oil which surrounds the capacitor elements 3, so that the bulk material which is located within the receptacle may also be infused with the isolation oil. In this manner, the viscous component of the visco-elastic properties of the visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element 7, that is to say here the bulk material, is increasable in the same way.
It applies to the exemplary embodiments shown in figs. 1 to 4 that the visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element 7 or is comprised therein is stable in such a manner in particular in relation to thermal and/or optionally corrosive influences that it is not damaged under the operating conditions of the capacitor device 1.
While the invention in detail has been further illustrated and described by way of the preferred exemplary embodiment, the invention is not restricted by the disclosed examples, and a person skilled in the art will derive other variants thereof without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.
=
The housing 2 is equipped with electrical connector elements 6 which are electrically connected to the capacitor elements 3.
Mechanical tensions and mechanical vibrations resulting therefrom may be created in the respective dielectric media 5, on account of the electrical loads which during operation of the capacitor device I are applied to the electrodes 4 of the respective capacitor elements 3. The mechanical vibrations may be disseminated through the respective capacitor elements 3 up to the housing 2 and thus lead to generation of considerable noise.
In particular, intimate mechanical contact between capacitor elements 3 which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent leads to acoustic coupling therebetween, so that the resonance frequency of the arrangement in relation to the natural mechanical frequency of an individual capacitor element 3 may shift to lower frequencies. Since damping in general is considerably lower in the case of lower frequencies than in the case of higher frequencies, the vibrations are generated and radiated in a particularly intense manner in particular in the range of the lower frequencies.
In order for this to be prevented or at least reduced, respectively, visco-elastic damping elements 7 are interdisposed between the capacitor elements 3. Mechanical and acoustic separation or decoupling, respectively, of individual capacitor elements 3 or a plurality thereof is implemented by way of the damping elements 7.
The visco-elastic damping elements 7 which typically directly bear on the capacitor elements 3 are configured in such a manner that they at least in part absorb the mechanical vibrations which due to operational causes are created in the capacitor elements 3. The visco-elastic properties of the visco-elastic damping elements 7 have a high viscous component, so as to ensure a high degree of absorption in relation to the mechanical vibrations which due to operational causes are created in the capacitor elements 3. In particular, shifting of the resonance frequency of the mechanical vibrations toward higher frequency ranges may be enabled by way of the visco-elastic damping elements 7.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a visco-elastic damping element 7 which is interdisposed between two capacitor elements 3. The visco-elastic behavior of the visco-elastic damping element 7 is schematically illustrated by way of a spring-and-damper model. As has been mentioned, in the case of the visco-elastic damping elements 7 which are employed according to the invention, in principle a visco-elastic behavior having as high a viscous component as possible is envisaged, so as to implement as high an absorption capacity as possible in relation to the mechanical vibrations which due to operational causes are created in the capacitor elements 3.
The interdisposition of the visco-elastic damping elements 7 between the capacitor elements 3 may be regular or irregular.
Consequently, by way of the damping elements 7 a regular or irregular subdivision of the capacitor device 1 into corresponding sub-units which are in each case formed from at least one capacitor element 3 may be performed.
Optionally, the interdisposition of the visco-elastic damping elements 7 between the capacitor elements 3 in relation to the overall construction of the capacitor device 1, that is to say in particular the total number of the capacitor elements 3 comprised therein, may also be regular in regions or be irregular in regions, respectively. The visco-elastic damping elements 7 which are interdisposed between corresponding capacitor elements 3 may likewise vary in terms of numbers and construction.
The visco-elastic properties or the visco-elastic behavior, respectively, of a corresponding visco-elastic damping element 7 are based on the latter being formed from at least one or a plurality of optionally different visco-elastic materials. It is also conceivable for a corresponding visco-elastic damping element 7 to comprise one or a plurality of optionally different visco-elastic materials.
In the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1, the visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element 7 is an elastomeric material. The elastomeric material may be a natural or a synthetic elastomer, for example. The natural elastomer may for example be available in the form of natural rubber or natural caoutchouc, respectively. The synthetic elastomer may be available as a polymer caoutchouc elastomer or as a silicone caoutchouc, for example. The elastomeric material may also be formed from mixtures of natural and synthetic elastomeric materials.
It is conceivable for the elastomeric material to be filled with organic and/or inorganic, in particular particulate filler materials. The filler materials may be plastics material and/or ceramic particles, for example. In this manner, an adjustment of the visco-elastic and thus acoustic-mechanical properties of the visco-elastic material is possible, so =as to obtain absorption which is as optimal as possible and thus damping of the mechanical vibrations which due to operational causes are created in the capacitor elements 3. It should again be pointed out in this context that the visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element 7 should have a viscous component which is as high as possible. The selection of filler material and the concentration of filler material thus has to be oriented toward establishing as high a viscous behavior as possible of the visco-elastic damping element 7.
Fig. 2 shows an in-principle illustration of a sectional view through a capacitor device according to one further exemplary embodiment of the invention. The substantial difference between the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 2 and the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1 lies in the configuration or structure, respectively, of the visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element 7. The visco-elastic material here is a cellular foam material. The foam material thus has intermediate spaces between the cells which are formed by corresponding cell walls (cellular structure). The foam material has open cells, i.e. the cell structure of the foam material is open, such that the individual intermediate spaces between the cells may at least in part communicate with one another. The foam material may be a plastics material foam based on polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyamide, for example.
In order for the viscous component of the visco-elastic properties of the visco-elastic damping element 7 which is configured in such a manner to be increased, it is expedient for the intermediate spaces between the cells of the foam material to be penetrated by the isolation oil which surrounds the capacitor elements 3. The intermediate spaces between the cells of the foam material are thus filled with the isolation oil. The highly viscous isolation oil by way of its movement through the intermediate spaces between the cells contributes toward damping the movement of the cellular structure which is induced by the mechanical vibrations.
In the case of the sectional view through a capacitor device 1 according to one further exemplary embodiment of the invention, shown in fig. 3, the visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element 7 is a textile material. The textile material in principle may be formed by oriented or non-oriented fibers. This here may be a felted textile or a textile mat, for example. The fibers which form the textile material may be natural and/or synthetic fibers. The visco-elastic properties of the textile material, that is to say in particular the viscous component thereof, are substantially determined by the type and orientation of the fibers. In order for the viscous component of the textile material to be increased, it is expedient here too for the latter to be infused with the isolation oil which surrounds the capacitor elements 3.
In the case of the exemplary embodiment of a capacitor device 1, which is shown in fig. 4, the visco-elastic element 7 comprises an in particular bag-like receptacle in which a loose material filling from one or a plurality of bulk materials is contained. The bulk material may be organic and/or inorganic bulk products. The bulk products may be particulate and/or fibrous. It is conceivable for the bulk products to be formed from ceramic, silicon dioxide, and/or elastomers, for example.
The in particular bag-like receptacle which receives the bulk materials is provided with encircling perforations and is thus permeable to the isolation oil which surrounds the capacitor elements 3, so that the bulk material which is located within the receptacle may also be infused with the isolation oil. In this manner, the viscous component of the visco-elastic properties of the visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element 7, that is to say here the bulk material, is increasable in the same way.
It applies to the exemplary embodiments shown in figs. 1 to 4 that the visco-elastic material which forms the visco-elastic damping element 7 or is comprised therein is stable in such a manner in particular in relation to thermal and/or optionally corrosive influences that it is not damaged under the operating conditions of the capacitor device 1.
While the invention in detail has been further illustrated and described by way of the preferred exemplary embodiment, the invention is not restricted by the disclosed examples, and a person skilled in the art will derive other variants thereof without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.
=
Claims (14)
1. A capacitor device comprising a plurality of capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent and in each case comprise at least two electrodes and at least one dielectric medium interdisposed between the electrodes, wherein at least one visco-elastic damping element is interdisposed between at least two capacitor elements which are disposed so as to be mutually adjacent, for mechanical and acoustic separation of the capacitor elements.
2. The capacitor device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the visco-elastic damping element is formed from at least one visco-elastic material or from a plurality of different visco-elastic materials, or comprises at least one visco-elastic material or a plurality of different visco-elastic materials.
3. The capacitor device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the visco-elastic material is at least one of a natural and a synthetic elastomeric material which is in particular based on an organic plastics material and/or silicone.
4. The capacitor device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the elastomeric material is filled with at least one of organic and inorganic filler materials, in particular particulate filler materials.
5. The capacitor device as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the visco-elastic material is a cellular foam material.
6. The capacitor device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the foam material at least in part has open cells.
7. The capacitor device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the intermediate spaces between the cells of the foam material are at least in part filled with an isolation medium, in particular an isolation oil, which surrounds the capacitor elements.
8. The capacitor device as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the visco-elastic material is a textile material.
9. The capacitor device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the textile material is a fibrous material formed from oriented or non-oriented fibers.
10. The capacitor device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the textile material at least in part is infused with an isolation medium, in particular an isolation oil, which surrounds the capacitor elements.
11. The capacitor device as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 10, wherein the visco-elastic material is a loose material filling from at least one bulk material.
12. The capacitor device as claimed in claim 11, wherein the bulk material is composed of at least one of organic and inorganic, in particular particulate and/or fibrous bulk products.
13. The capacitor device as claimed in claim 11 or 12, wherein the bulk material is received in a receptacle which is permeable to an isolation medium, in particular an isolation oil, which surrounds the capacitor elements.
14. The capacitor device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein a plurality of damping elements which are interdisposed in a regular or irregular manner between the capacitor elements are provided.
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| DE102013211699.3A DE102013211699A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2013-06-20 | capacitor device |
| DE102013211699.3 | 2013-06-20 | ||
| PCT/EP2014/062180 WO2014202446A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2014-06-12 | Capacitor device |
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| CA2916334A1 CA2916334A1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
| CA2916334C true CA2916334C (en) | 2018-10-30 |
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| CA2916334A Active CA2916334C (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2014-06-12 | Capacitor device |
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| CN (1) | CN105308698A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112015031848B8 (en) |
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| DE (1) | DE102013211699A1 (en) |
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| CN105788862A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-07-20 | 日新电机（无锡）有限公司 | Low-noise power capacitor with vibration damper plate |
| EP3396690B1 (en) | 2017-04-26 | 2020-04-01 | ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG | Multielectrode power capacitor with reduce noise vibration |
| DE102019121530A1 (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-02-11 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Capacitor system with a damping material with a predetermined damping and method for producing such a capacitor system |
| DE202022100812U1 (en) | 2021-07-13 | 2022-10-27 | Carcoustics Techconsult Gmbh | Acoustically effective component for a motor vehicle |
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| GB384962A (en) * | 1931-08-22 | 1932-12-15 | Meirowsky & Co Ag | Improvements in and relating to electric condensers |
| US3159776A (en) * | 1959-01-02 | 1964-12-01 | Elizabeth R Metcalf | Modular capacitor assemblies |
| US3454842A (en) * | 1967-11-24 | 1969-07-08 | Gen Electric | Capacitor cooling means |
| CH618286A5 (en) * | 1977-11-08 | 1980-07-15 | Fribourg Condensateurs | |
| DE2937983C2 (en) * | 1979-09-20 | 1984-09-20 | Felten & Guilleaume Energietechnik GmbH, 5000 Köln | Outdoor capacitor |
| FR2563938B1 (en) * | 1984-05-02 | 1991-05-17 | Verrerie Thermometrie | HIGH VOLTAGE AND HIGH ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE AND PULSE GENERATOR INCLUDING APPLICATION |
| DE3710731A1 (en) * | 1987-03-31 | 1989-04-27 | Stankiewicz Alois Dr Gmbh | POLYURETHANE FOAMING FUEL WITH SOUND INSULATING AND ENDOWING PROPERTIES |
| SE503305C2 (en) * | 1994-06-21 | 1996-05-13 | Asea Brown Boveri | Capacitor |
| US5552209A (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 1996-09-03 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Internally damped circuit articles |
| RU2130662C1 (en) * | 1997-08-26 | 1999-05-20 | Анатолий Яковлевич Картелев | High-voltage pulse capacitor |
| JP2003527291A (en) * | 2000-03-13 | 2003-09-16 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | CERAMIC COMPOUND, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE CERAMIC COMPOUND AND USING THE CERAMIC COMPOUND |
| SE526328C2 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-08-23 | Abb Technology Ltd | Power Capacitor |
| CN101458992B (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2011-09-28 | 微宏动力系统（湖州）有限公司 | Capacitor energy storage device and assembling method thereof |
| US8384398B2 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2013-02-26 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Structural health monitoring system and method using soft capacitive sensing materials |
-
2013
- 2013-06-20 DE DE102013211699.3A patent/DE102013211699A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-06-12 CA CA2916334A patent/CA2916334C/en active Active
- 2014-06-12 CN CN201480034056.7A patent/CN105308698A/en active Pending
- 2014-06-12 BR BR112015031848A patent/BR112015031848B8/en active IP Right Grant
- 2014-06-12 RU RU2016101338A patent/RU2634303C2/en active
- 2014-06-12 WO PCT/EP2014/062180 patent/WO2014202446A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-06-12 EP EP14731203.7A patent/EP2989647B1/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR112015031848A2 (en) | 2017-07-25 |
| WO2014202446A1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
| RU2634303C2 (en) | 2017-10-25 |
| BR112015031848B8 (en) | 2023-04-25 |
| BR112015031848B1 (en) | 2022-05-10 |
| CA2916334A1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
| RU2016101338A (en) | 2017-07-24 |
| EP2989647B1 (en) | 2022-03-23 |
| DE102013211699A1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
| CN105308698A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
| EP2989647A1 (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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| EEER | Examination request |
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