CA2774862C - Pulverizer - Google Patents
Pulverizer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2774862C CA2774862C CA2774862A CA2774862A CA2774862C CA 2774862 C CA2774862 C CA 2774862C CA 2774862 A CA2774862 A CA 2774862A CA 2774862 A CA2774862 A CA 2774862A CA 2774862 C CA2774862 C CA 2774862C
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- Prior art keywords
- casing
- interior
- grading
- turbine
- blades
- Prior art date
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
- B02C23/24—Passing gas through crushing or disintegrating zone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/0012—Devices for disintegrating materials by collision of these materials against a breaking surface or breaking body and/or by friction between the material particles (also for grain)
- B02C19/0018—Devices for disintegrating materials by collision of these materials against a breaking surface or breaking body and/or by friction between the material particles (also for grain) using a rotor accelerating the materials centrifugally against a circumferential breaking surface
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
A multi-stage cyclone pulverizer is disclosed. Strong cyclone and multiple eddy currents form a high-pressure atmosphere that generates intense inertial collision between particles resulting in reduction in particle size to ultratine or smaller caliber, down to scales in the nanometer range. Temperature control limits the risk of dust explosion.
Description
Nil VF RIZER = =: ...=. = . =
.
= :. = = . = = = = ....====. =
= I-Itiao*.g, X. et al.. := === = :
Technical Field:
This invention is in the field of micronization equipment, in particular equipment capable of reducing materials to particle sizes in the milometer range.
Background:
Traditional pulverizing machines, such as a ball pulverizer, Raymond mill, fan mill, airflow crasher, and similar machines, operate by principles of gravity and material weight and/or high pressure in order to produce a superfine powder. Most, if not all, of these systems require additional ancillary systems such as independent grading systems and high pressure gas generation and storage systems, in order to operate. As a result, they are typically inefficient in terms of pulverization efficiency, have significant energy input requirements, as well as other shortcomings.
Similarly, existing rotor pulverizer systems are generally designed as single-stage having only one working cavity for material size reduction. In addition, the design of single stage rotors limits the operating speed and rotor size due to structural constraints. As a result these types of pulverizer also suffer from low production and poor overall performance.
As a result, what is needed is a pulverizer design that improves efficiency and reduces energy use in order to overcome limitations in prior art systems.
Sunnnarv of the Invention:
Prior art pulverizing systems are typically inefficient in terms of output and energy consumption. In addition, they frequently require supplementary systems such as high-pressure airflow systems in order to move material from the grinding stage to a collection stage.
In one aspect of the present invention, an improved pulverizing system for producing fine, ultra-fine and nanometer scale powders is described. In some embodiments the apparatus comprises two or more turbine blisks that are mouthed on a motor drive shaft.
The blisks further include curved blades that increase collisions amongst particles of material being pulverized. The rotating blisks create a cyclonic airflow within the grinding areas that is effective to pulverize material In another aspect, the apparatus includes a fixed gear stator, with complex surface and shearing devices that produce airflow eddies that further enhance the collision among particles and thus the efficiency of pulverization.
In another aspect, the apparatus includes a product collection system driven by the airflow produced by the turbine blisks, such that material can be passively collected in a collecting bin. A valve system allows finished product to be removed while the system is in operation. A second valve system allows residuals to be removed without having to shut the system down.
In yet another aspect of the invention, the apparatus includes grading discs that are steplessly adjustable to permit adjustment to be made to the fineness of the finished product.
Brief Description of the Drawings:
While the invention is claimed in the concluding portions hereof, preferred embodiments are provided in the accompanying detailed description which may be best understood in conjunction with the accompanying diagrams where like parts in each of the several diagrams are labeled with like numerals, and where:
Fig. 1 is perspective view of an embodiment of a pulverizer of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a portion of a pulverizer of the present invention, showing multi-surface turbine blades, large-angle curved gearing, and suspended shear devices;
Fig. 3 provides a side and perspective view of an embodiment of pulverizer of the present invention in combination with a spiral feeder;
Fig. 4 is a view of an embodiment of pulverizer of the present invention in combination with a nanometer cloth material-collecting bin;
Fig. 5 is a view of an embodiment of pulverizer of the present invention in combination with self-pressurizing, automatically controlled liquid nitrogen cooling device;
Fig. 6 depicts embodiments of turbine blisks with curved blades located on both sides of the rotor disk portion for use in the pulverizer of the present invention;
Fig. 7 depicts embodiments of curved blades for use in the pulverizer of the present invention;
Fig. 8 depicts embodiments of steplessly adjustable grading plates for use in the pulverizer of the present invention;
Fig. 9 depicts an un-powered nanometer cloth collecting bin in combination with a pulverizer of the present invention;
Fig. 10.A through 10C depict (A) outside views of embodiments of residuals outlets; (B) a cross-sectional view of a exemplary residual outlet in the closed state; (C) a cross-sectional view of an exemplary residual outlet in the open state;
Fig. 11 depicts (A) a perspective view of a gear ring with suspended shearing devices; and (B) and (C) depict shearing devices and a method of mounting them;
Fig. 12 depicts a perspective view of (A) an exemplary gear ring portion of a suspended shearing device; and (B) expanded view of some curved surfaces of a gear ring;
Fig. 13 depicts an embodiment showing how shearing blades can be inserted into a gear ring;
Fig. 14 depicts an embodiment of a pulverizer of the present invention with the casing of the pulverizer opened horizontally to reveal the inner mechanism;
and Fig. 15 depicts an embodiment of a discharge outlet Ibr conducting finished powder to a collection device.
Detailed Description of Illustrated Embodiments:
The following discussion provides many example embodiments of the inventive subject matter. Although each embodiment represents a single combination of inventive elements, the inventive subject matter is considered to include all possible combinations of the disclosed elements.
In contrast to prior art pulverizer systems the present disclosure describes a pulverizing system, the design and operation of which is based on aerodynamic principles.
The present invention adopts a multi-stage, high-speed turbine arrangement in order to enable material size reduction down to the micrometer or even nanometer range.
In one example of a pulverizer of the present invention, and referring to Figs. 1-5 inclusive, the present invention comprises a base plate 1, bearing seats 2,3, main shall 4, motor base 5, main motor 6, casing 7, 7', three-stage turbine blisks 8, 9, 10, multi-surface curved turbine blades 11,11', gear rings with large-angle curved gears 12,12', suspended shearing device 13,13', built-in, unpowered and replaceable grading plates 14,15, feeding inlets 16, 17, a spiral feeder 18, discharge outlet 19, residuals outlet 20, milometer filter cloth material collecting bin 21, screw rod for casing opening 22, a handle 23 for casing opening, self-pressurized automatic control nitrogen cooling device 24, and liquid nitrogen conveying pipes 25. The turbine blisks are mounted on the shall between the bearing seats.
As can be appreciated from Fig. 1, the novel design of the pulverizer as disclosed herein lies in the design of the grinding cavity. The grinding cavity is divided into 3 regions (left, middle and right) by two built-in, unpowered, and steplessly adjustable grading plates (see 14,15), with a solid turbine blisk (see 8,9,10) in each cavity. On the inner surface of the casing corresponding to each of the left and right regions of the grinding cavity are placed large-angle gear rings into which are placed a plurality of suspended shearing devices (see Figs. 12 and 13). The middle region of the grinding cavity is contiguous with a discharge outlet through which finished product can be expelled into a collecting bin, for example, a nanometer cloth collecting bin as depicted in Figs. 4 & 9.
In operation, the left and right regions of the cavity will operate as the grinding areas, while the middle portion of the cavity will function primarily as discharge areas. The apparatus uses high-pressure airflow generated by the rotation of the turbine blisk in the middle cavity to deliver the finished powder coming from the left and right cavities to a collecting bin via the middle cavity and the discharge outlet. The degree of finished fineness of the ground material depends on the diameter adjustment of the grading plates, and the speed at which the turbine blisks are run. The invention also provides residual outlets on the lower part of the casing that permit removal of residuals without the need to stop the apparatus, unlike other systems.
The present invention further provides a simplified apparatus that outperforms prior art system, including independently powered grading systems and multi-stage steel collecting systems having powered air-induction systems. It also outperforms existing .. airflow pulverization technology that uses high-speed airflow provided by an independent air compression system. Most existing pulverizers adopt a single-stage rotor, where the rotor is connect to a motor through a shaft with a one-side bearing. Given the single-arm support structure, these designs have poor stability, and are limited to the size and rotation speed of the rotor. In addition, these existing designs feature a single working .. cavity, and so output is low and results are not always satisfactory.
Further, in order to reduce weight, the rotors are typically hollow and do not take advantage of cyclone formation or cyclonic collisions as occurs in the present invention. Thus, in prior art designs, in order to achieve ultra-fine pulverization, these systems further include power-grading systems and material collection systems such as induced fan draft systems. This .. in turn increases the cost of production and operation of these prior designs The pulverizer of the present invention is distinct from prior art machines, including other traditional rotor-type grinding systems. Some of the distinctions included in the design of the present invention include that the grading system is unpowered, has a multi-stage .. rotor design, and does not depend on high-speed airflow provided by an independent air compression system. The turbine blisks in the present invention are solid and double-sided with multi-faced turbine blades 110 placed on both blisk faces, as shown in Fig. 6.
The shape and orientation of the turbines is such that when the blisk is rotated the blades operate to create an intensive cyclonic airflow that results in enhanced collision of materials and more efficient grinding as a result. The curved shape of the blades, as shown in Fig. 7, further enhance the production of cyclonic circulation within the left and right grinding cavities, and further provides the airflow that discharges appropriately ground material from the middle cavity. As can be readily appreciate from the Figures, the energy required to run the entire system comes from a single motor, connected to the shaft on which the blisks are mounted.
The present invention further includes built-in, non-powered, and steplessly adjustable grading plates. The fact that the grading plates do not require a source of power greatly lowers energy consumption and production cost. As shown in Fig. 8, each grading plate consists of two semi-circular plates, preferably made of steel, which join together at a tapered tongue and groove joint 300. Significantly, the joining of the two halves of a plate does not require any additional fasteners. As shown in Fig. 1 the grading plates are positioned within the interior of the casing such that they divide the interior into roughly equal sized cavities. In some embodiments, two grading plates will divide the interior of the casing into left and right grinding cavities, and a middle discharge cavity.
As shown in Fig. 9, the present invention is used in combination with a collecting bin.
Because of the nature of how the present invention operates, it effectively functions in an automatic discharge manner. Thus, the collecting bin can be a tent-type nanometer filter cloth material collecting bin, and there is no need for a power air-induced collection system.
The present invention also provides outlets 400 fbr residuals. Residual comprise material that is difficult to grind and must be removed periodically. As the gear ring is stationary, the residuals outlets can extend into the cavities, as shown in Fig. 10. A
piston-type valve is included to permit opening and closing of the residuals outlet as needed. In some embodiments the residuals port/valve comprises a handle 401, piston rod 402, plug 403, discharge tube 404, that extends through the casing 7, 7' and a gear ring 12, 12' to provide access to the interior of the casing.
In contrast to prior art designs the present invention provides a system wherein a plurality of shearing devices 120 are inserted into slots formed in a gear ring 12, 12', the gear ring affixed to the apparatus as a stator secured to the inner surface of the casing (see Fig. 1 and 11). In contrast to prior art system where blades and shears are affixed with screws, which have a tendency to fracture under high loads (e.g., at high speed and high centrifugal forces), the present system provides a much more robust means of attachment.
The gear ring itself adopts a shape of a large-angle curved gear, which increases the collision area for particles. Furthermore, the shape of the gear ¨teeth" 122 (see Fig. 12) provide for the production of eddy currents in response to the cyclonic circulation created by the rotating turbine blisks. This will result in collision of particles with the gear ring as a result of the eddy currents, which in turn enhances the high-pressure airflow, increasing mutual collision of particles and shearing intensity. As shown in Fig. 1 a gear ring with shearing members (devices) is mounted in each of the left and right cavities respectively.
As can be seen in Fig. 13, the base 114 of each shearing member (device) can be shaped as a trapezoid that conforms to a complimentary slot 214 in the gear ring. The design allows shearing member to be easily mounted by simply sliding the member into the slot in the ring, and then mounting the ring in the pulverizer once the desired number of shearing members (devices) have been mounted. The design further avoids the need for additional fasteners to maintain the shearing members in position during operation. In order to increase the lifespan of shearing members, the top can be made from hardened material such as hardened alloys in order to improve the wear characteristics.
The present invention is also designed such that the casing can be opened horizontally, which avoids the need for lifting machinery when servicing the machine. This is distinct from prior art systems, which typically open vertically. As shown in Fig. 14, the casing can be mounted on a track on the base plate, and moved through the use of threaded rods, also mounted on the base plate. The movement of the casing during opening or closing can either be done manually or with a powered system such as an electric motor.
Conveniently, the present invention requires no additional powering in order to discharge ground material. Finished material is delivered from the middle cavity through a hole in the casing that connects to a valve and piping that extends to a collecting bin (see Fig.
15). The energy for delivering the finished powder to the collecting bin is provided by means of the wind generated by rotation of the turbine in the middle cavity.
Fineness of the finished product can be controlled through the output valve, and/or by adjusting the number of blades on the blisks, as well as the diameters of the grading plates.
Optionally, the apparatus can be equipped with an automatic self-pressurized nitrogen-cooling system to provide cooling during operation. An additional advantage is provided in that by cooling the work, the risk of dust explosion can be effectively prevented.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that many more modifications besides those already described are possible without departing from the inventive concepts herein. The inventive subject matter, therefore, is not to be restricted except in the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, in interpreting both the specification and the claims, all terms should be interpreted in the broadest possible manner consistent with the context.
In particular, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" should be interpreted as referring to elements, components, or steps in a non-exclusive manner, indicating that the referenced elements, components, or steps may be present, or utilized, or combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not expressly referenced.
.
= :. = = . = = = = ....====. =
= I-Itiao*.g, X. et al.. := === = :
Technical Field:
This invention is in the field of micronization equipment, in particular equipment capable of reducing materials to particle sizes in the milometer range.
Background:
Traditional pulverizing machines, such as a ball pulverizer, Raymond mill, fan mill, airflow crasher, and similar machines, operate by principles of gravity and material weight and/or high pressure in order to produce a superfine powder. Most, if not all, of these systems require additional ancillary systems such as independent grading systems and high pressure gas generation and storage systems, in order to operate. As a result, they are typically inefficient in terms of pulverization efficiency, have significant energy input requirements, as well as other shortcomings.
Similarly, existing rotor pulverizer systems are generally designed as single-stage having only one working cavity for material size reduction. In addition, the design of single stage rotors limits the operating speed and rotor size due to structural constraints. As a result these types of pulverizer also suffer from low production and poor overall performance.
As a result, what is needed is a pulverizer design that improves efficiency and reduces energy use in order to overcome limitations in prior art systems.
Sunnnarv of the Invention:
Prior art pulverizing systems are typically inefficient in terms of output and energy consumption. In addition, they frequently require supplementary systems such as high-pressure airflow systems in order to move material from the grinding stage to a collection stage.
In one aspect of the present invention, an improved pulverizing system for producing fine, ultra-fine and nanometer scale powders is described. In some embodiments the apparatus comprises two or more turbine blisks that are mouthed on a motor drive shaft.
The blisks further include curved blades that increase collisions amongst particles of material being pulverized. The rotating blisks create a cyclonic airflow within the grinding areas that is effective to pulverize material In another aspect, the apparatus includes a fixed gear stator, with complex surface and shearing devices that produce airflow eddies that further enhance the collision among particles and thus the efficiency of pulverization.
In another aspect, the apparatus includes a product collection system driven by the airflow produced by the turbine blisks, such that material can be passively collected in a collecting bin. A valve system allows finished product to be removed while the system is in operation. A second valve system allows residuals to be removed without having to shut the system down.
In yet another aspect of the invention, the apparatus includes grading discs that are steplessly adjustable to permit adjustment to be made to the fineness of the finished product.
Brief Description of the Drawings:
While the invention is claimed in the concluding portions hereof, preferred embodiments are provided in the accompanying detailed description which may be best understood in conjunction with the accompanying diagrams where like parts in each of the several diagrams are labeled with like numerals, and where:
Fig. 1 is perspective view of an embodiment of a pulverizer of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a portion of a pulverizer of the present invention, showing multi-surface turbine blades, large-angle curved gearing, and suspended shear devices;
Fig. 3 provides a side and perspective view of an embodiment of pulverizer of the present invention in combination with a spiral feeder;
Fig. 4 is a view of an embodiment of pulverizer of the present invention in combination with a nanometer cloth material-collecting bin;
Fig. 5 is a view of an embodiment of pulverizer of the present invention in combination with self-pressurizing, automatically controlled liquid nitrogen cooling device;
Fig. 6 depicts embodiments of turbine blisks with curved blades located on both sides of the rotor disk portion for use in the pulverizer of the present invention;
Fig. 7 depicts embodiments of curved blades for use in the pulverizer of the present invention;
Fig. 8 depicts embodiments of steplessly adjustable grading plates for use in the pulverizer of the present invention;
Fig. 9 depicts an un-powered nanometer cloth collecting bin in combination with a pulverizer of the present invention;
Fig. 10.A through 10C depict (A) outside views of embodiments of residuals outlets; (B) a cross-sectional view of a exemplary residual outlet in the closed state; (C) a cross-sectional view of an exemplary residual outlet in the open state;
Fig. 11 depicts (A) a perspective view of a gear ring with suspended shearing devices; and (B) and (C) depict shearing devices and a method of mounting them;
Fig. 12 depicts a perspective view of (A) an exemplary gear ring portion of a suspended shearing device; and (B) expanded view of some curved surfaces of a gear ring;
Fig. 13 depicts an embodiment showing how shearing blades can be inserted into a gear ring;
Fig. 14 depicts an embodiment of a pulverizer of the present invention with the casing of the pulverizer opened horizontally to reveal the inner mechanism;
and Fig. 15 depicts an embodiment of a discharge outlet Ibr conducting finished powder to a collection device.
Detailed Description of Illustrated Embodiments:
The following discussion provides many example embodiments of the inventive subject matter. Although each embodiment represents a single combination of inventive elements, the inventive subject matter is considered to include all possible combinations of the disclosed elements.
In contrast to prior art pulverizer systems the present disclosure describes a pulverizing system, the design and operation of which is based on aerodynamic principles.
The present invention adopts a multi-stage, high-speed turbine arrangement in order to enable material size reduction down to the micrometer or even nanometer range.
In one example of a pulverizer of the present invention, and referring to Figs. 1-5 inclusive, the present invention comprises a base plate 1, bearing seats 2,3, main shall 4, motor base 5, main motor 6, casing 7, 7', three-stage turbine blisks 8, 9, 10, multi-surface curved turbine blades 11,11', gear rings with large-angle curved gears 12,12', suspended shearing device 13,13', built-in, unpowered and replaceable grading plates 14,15, feeding inlets 16, 17, a spiral feeder 18, discharge outlet 19, residuals outlet 20, milometer filter cloth material collecting bin 21, screw rod for casing opening 22, a handle 23 for casing opening, self-pressurized automatic control nitrogen cooling device 24, and liquid nitrogen conveying pipes 25. The turbine blisks are mounted on the shall between the bearing seats.
As can be appreciated from Fig. 1, the novel design of the pulverizer as disclosed herein lies in the design of the grinding cavity. The grinding cavity is divided into 3 regions (left, middle and right) by two built-in, unpowered, and steplessly adjustable grading plates (see 14,15), with a solid turbine blisk (see 8,9,10) in each cavity. On the inner surface of the casing corresponding to each of the left and right regions of the grinding cavity are placed large-angle gear rings into which are placed a plurality of suspended shearing devices (see Figs. 12 and 13). The middle region of the grinding cavity is contiguous with a discharge outlet through which finished product can be expelled into a collecting bin, for example, a nanometer cloth collecting bin as depicted in Figs. 4 & 9.
In operation, the left and right regions of the cavity will operate as the grinding areas, while the middle portion of the cavity will function primarily as discharge areas. The apparatus uses high-pressure airflow generated by the rotation of the turbine blisk in the middle cavity to deliver the finished powder coming from the left and right cavities to a collecting bin via the middle cavity and the discharge outlet. The degree of finished fineness of the ground material depends on the diameter adjustment of the grading plates, and the speed at which the turbine blisks are run. The invention also provides residual outlets on the lower part of the casing that permit removal of residuals without the need to stop the apparatus, unlike other systems.
The present invention further provides a simplified apparatus that outperforms prior art system, including independently powered grading systems and multi-stage steel collecting systems having powered air-induction systems. It also outperforms existing .. airflow pulverization technology that uses high-speed airflow provided by an independent air compression system. Most existing pulverizers adopt a single-stage rotor, where the rotor is connect to a motor through a shaft with a one-side bearing. Given the single-arm support structure, these designs have poor stability, and are limited to the size and rotation speed of the rotor. In addition, these existing designs feature a single working .. cavity, and so output is low and results are not always satisfactory.
Further, in order to reduce weight, the rotors are typically hollow and do not take advantage of cyclone formation or cyclonic collisions as occurs in the present invention. Thus, in prior art designs, in order to achieve ultra-fine pulverization, these systems further include power-grading systems and material collection systems such as induced fan draft systems. This .. in turn increases the cost of production and operation of these prior designs The pulverizer of the present invention is distinct from prior art machines, including other traditional rotor-type grinding systems. Some of the distinctions included in the design of the present invention include that the grading system is unpowered, has a multi-stage .. rotor design, and does not depend on high-speed airflow provided by an independent air compression system. The turbine blisks in the present invention are solid and double-sided with multi-faced turbine blades 110 placed on both blisk faces, as shown in Fig. 6.
The shape and orientation of the turbines is such that when the blisk is rotated the blades operate to create an intensive cyclonic airflow that results in enhanced collision of materials and more efficient grinding as a result. The curved shape of the blades, as shown in Fig. 7, further enhance the production of cyclonic circulation within the left and right grinding cavities, and further provides the airflow that discharges appropriately ground material from the middle cavity. As can be readily appreciate from the Figures, the energy required to run the entire system comes from a single motor, connected to the shaft on which the blisks are mounted.
The present invention further includes built-in, non-powered, and steplessly adjustable grading plates. The fact that the grading plates do not require a source of power greatly lowers energy consumption and production cost. As shown in Fig. 8, each grading plate consists of two semi-circular plates, preferably made of steel, which join together at a tapered tongue and groove joint 300. Significantly, the joining of the two halves of a plate does not require any additional fasteners. As shown in Fig. 1 the grading plates are positioned within the interior of the casing such that they divide the interior into roughly equal sized cavities. In some embodiments, two grading plates will divide the interior of the casing into left and right grinding cavities, and a middle discharge cavity.
As shown in Fig. 9, the present invention is used in combination with a collecting bin.
Because of the nature of how the present invention operates, it effectively functions in an automatic discharge manner. Thus, the collecting bin can be a tent-type nanometer filter cloth material collecting bin, and there is no need for a power air-induced collection system.
The present invention also provides outlets 400 fbr residuals. Residual comprise material that is difficult to grind and must be removed periodically. As the gear ring is stationary, the residuals outlets can extend into the cavities, as shown in Fig. 10. A
piston-type valve is included to permit opening and closing of the residuals outlet as needed. In some embodiments the residuals port/valve comprises a handle 401, piston rod 402, plug 403, discharge tube 404, that extends through the casing 7, 7' and a gear ring 12, 12' to provide access to the interior of the casing.
In contrast to prior art designs the present invention provides a system wherein a plurality of shearing devices 120 are inserted into slots formed in a gear ring 12, 12', the gear ring affixed to the apparatus as a stator secured to the inner surface of the casing (see Fig. 1 and 11). In contrast to prior art system where blades and shears are affixed with screws, which have a tendency to fracture under high loads (e.g., at high speed and high centrifugal forces), the present system provides a much more robust means of attachment.
The gear ring itself adopts a shape of a large-angle curved gear, which increases the collision area for particles. Furthermore, the shape of the gear ¨teeth" 122 (see Fig. 12) provide for the production of eddy currents in response to the cyclonic circulation created by the rotating turbine blisks. This will result in collision of particles with the gear ring as a result of the eddy currents, which in turn enhances the high-pressure airflow, increasing mutual collision of particles and shearing intensity. As shown in Fig. 1 a gear ring with shearing members (devices) is mounted in each of the left and right cavities respectively.
As can be seen in Fig. 13, the base 114 of each shearing member (device) can be shaped as a trapezoid that conforms to a complimentary slot 214 in the gear ring. The design allows shearing member to be easily mounted by simply sliding the member into the slot in the ring, and then mounting the ring in the pulverizer once the desired number of shearing members (devices) have been mounted. The design further avoids the need for additional fasteners to maintain the shearing members in position during operation. In order to increase the lifespan of shearing members, the top can be made from hardened material such as hardened alloys in order to improve the wear characteristics.
The present invention is also designed such that the casing can be opened horizontally, which avoids the need for lifting machinery when servicing the machine. This is distinct from prior art systems, which typically open vertically. As shown in Fig. 14, the casing can be mounted on a track on the base plate, and moved through the use of threaded rods, also mounted on the base plate. The movement of the casing during opening or closing can either be done manually or with a powered system such as an electric motor.
Conveniently, the present invention requires no additional powering in order to discharge ground material. Finished material is delivered from the middle cavity through a hole in the casing that connects to a valve and piping that extends to a collecting bin (see Fig.
15). The energy for delivering the finished powder to the collecting bin is provided by means of the wind generated by rotation of the turbine in the middle cavity.
Fineness of the finished product can be controlled through the output valve, and/or by adjusting the number of blades on the blisks, as well as the diameters of the grading plates.
Optionally, the apparatus can be equipped with an automatic self-pressurized nitrogen-cooling system to provide cooling during operation. An additional advantage is provided in that by cooling the work, the risk of dust explosion can be effectively prevented.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that many more modifications besides those already described are possible without departing from the inventive concepts herein. The inventive subject matter, therefore, is not to be restricted except in the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, in interpreting both the specification and the claims, all terms should be interpreted in the broadest possible manner consistent with the context.
In particular, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" should be interpreted as referring to elements, components, or steps in a non-exclusive manner, indicating that the referenced elements, components, or steps may be present, or utilized, or combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not expressly referenced.
Claims (10)
1. A pulverizing system, comprising:
(i) a power unit;
(ii) a casing, the casing having a substantially hollow cylindrical interior with a central axis extending therethrough;
(iii) a shaft, the shaft being connected to the power unit at one end, extending through the interior of the casing in alignment with the central axis, and rotationally mounted to at least one support distal to the power unit;
(iv) a plurality of turbine blisks mounted on a portion of shaft situated within the interior of the casing, each turbine blisk comprising:
a. a disc having a periphery and a plurality of curved blades spaced apart around the periphery of the disc;
b. wherein each blade is positioned such that it extends generally radially outwards from the center of the disc towards the periphery; and c. wherein rotation of the turbine blisks generates a cyclonic airflow within the interior of the casing, in which material to be pulverized is suspended;
(v) a plurality of curved gear rings mounted on an interior surface of the casing, each gear ring comprising:
a. a plurality of curved surfaces, each curved surface configured to produce a localized eddy in response to the cyclonic airflow generated by rotation of the turbine blisks;
b. a plurality of shear members, each of the shear members configured to be impacted by material suspended in the cyclonic airflow;
(vi) a plurality of adjustable grading blades, each grading blade configured to be steplessly adjustable to vary an internal opening diameter;
a. wherein the plurality of grading blades are positioned within the casing interior such that the interior of the casing is divided into a plurality of cavities; and b. wherein adjustment of the grading blades is effective to vary fineness of a product.
(i) a power unit;
(ii) a casing, the casing having a substantially hollow cylindrical interior with a central axis extending therethrough;
(iii) a shaft, the shaft being connected to the power unit at one end, extending through the interior of the casing in alignment with the central axis, and rotationally mounted to at least one support distal to the power unit;
(iv) a plurality of turbine blisks mounted on a portion of shaft situated within the interior of the casing, each turbine blisk comprising:
a. a disc having a periphery and a plurality of curved blades spaced apart around the periphery of the disc;
b. wherein each blade is positioned such that it extends generally radially outwards from the center of the disc towards the periphery; and c. wherein rotation of the turbine blisks generates a cyclonic airflow within the interior of the casing, in which material to be pulverized is suspended;
(v) a plurality of curved gear rings mounted on an interior surface of the casing, each gear ring comprising:
a. a plurality of curved surfaces, each curved surface configured to produce a localized eddy in response to the cyclonic airflow generated by rotation of the turbine blisks;
b. a plurality of shear members, each of the shear members configured to be impacted by material suspended in the cyclonic airflow;
(vi) a plurality of adjustable grading blades, each grading blade configured to be steplessly adjustable to vary an internal opening diameter;
a. wherein the plurality of grading blades are positioned within the casing interior such that the interior of the casing is divided into a plurality of cavities; and b. wherein adjustment of the grading blades is effective to vary fineness of a product.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a product collecting system, the product collecting system comprising a collecting bin, and a product conduit in communication with one of the plurality of cavities in the casing interior.
3. The system of claim 2, further comprising at least one valve configured to regulate the movement of material from the interior of the casing to the product conduit.
4. The system of claim 1, further comprising a residuals removal port in communication with one of the cavities in the casing interior, wherein the residual port is configured to permit a user to remove waste material from the casing interior.
5. The residuals removal port of claim 4, further comprising a user movable valve.
6. The system of claim 1, comprising two grading blades, the grading blades positioned such that the interior of the casing is divided into three substantially equal compartments comprising a left compartment, a middle compartment, and a right compartment.
7. The system of claim 6, comprising three turbine blisks positioned on the shaft such that there is a single turbine blisk in each compartment.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein substantially all the grinding of material occurs in the left and right compartments.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the middle compartment is configured to deliver product to the collection system.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the shaft is supported a first support bearing located at an end opposite the power unit, and a second support bearing located between the power unit and the casing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2774862A CA2774862C (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2012-04-23 | Pulverizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2774862A CA2774862C (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2012-04-23 | Pulverizer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2774862A1 CA2774862A1 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
| CA2774862C true CA2774862C (en) | 2015-03-17 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2774862A Expired - Fee Related CA2774862C (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2012-04-23 | Pulverizer |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2774862C (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105195295B (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-12-14 | 湖北新济药业有限公司 | A kind of calcium carbonate powder bacteria-and dust-free production system |
| CN113996424B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-04-11 | 山东鑫海矿业技术装备股份有限公司 | Vortex crushing device for reinforcing crushing |
| CN114273000B (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2023-01-31 | 广东亨盛维嘉食品工业有限公司 | Superfine grinding device for powder raw materials |
| JP7075163B1 (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-05-25 | 株式会社辰巳エヤーエンジニアリング | Impact blower device |
| CN115228583A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-10-25 | 成都一俊生物科技有限公司 | Nanometer particle Taxus media wall-broken fine powder and its preparation method |
| CN115590143A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-01-13 | 眉山市东坡区海霸王食品有限公司（Cn） | Glue pudding wrapper and manufacturing process thereof |
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2012
- 2012-04-23 CA CA2774862A patent/CA2774862C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2774862A1 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
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