CA2693450A1 - Forging mandrel for hot-forging tubular workpieces of metal - Google Patents
Forging mandrel for hot-forging tubular workpieces of metal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2693450A1 CA2693450A1 CA2693450A CA2693450A CA2693450A1 CA 2693450 A1 CA2693450 A1 CA 2693450A1 CA 2693450 A CA2693450 A CA 2693450A CA 2693450 A CA2693450 A CA 2693450A CA 2693450 A1 CA2693450 A1 CA 2693450A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- mandrel
- forging
- layer
- mandrel body
- hot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D9/00—Bending tubes using mandrels or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K21/00—Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a forging mandrel for hot-forging tubular workpieces of metal, said mandrel comprising a mandrel body and a mandrel bar, in which forging mandrel the mandrel body is composed of a heat-resistant material. The forging mandrel according to the invention is embodied here in such a way that the mandrel body is provided, at least in the work zone, with a layer which reduces the dissipation of heat into the mandrel body during the forging process and adheres firmly to the mandrel body, wherein the layer has a lower thermal conductivity than the material of the mandrel-body and has a thickness of at least 50 µm.
Description
FORGING MANDREL FOR HOT-FORGING TUBULAR WORKPIECES OF METAL
Description The invention relates to a forging mandrel for hot-forging tubular workpieces of metal according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Hot-forming of tubular workpieces, such as, e.g., seamless steel pipes, is known from DE 10 2005 052 178 Al.
Starting from a block heated to forming temperature, this method involves a first forming step in which a thick-walled hollow block is produced through punching and then forged into a seamless pipe by a radial forging process which uses a forging mandrel as internal tool which is pushed into the hollow block and at least two forging jaws of a forging machine to act on the outer surface area of the hollow block. The hollow block is hereby turned and shifted axially in clocked manner in the phase of the idle stroke of the forging jaws.
The forging mandrel is exposed during the forging process to significant thermal and mechanical stress, causing wear of the tool surface and decreasing the service life of the forging mandrel. Forging temperatures of above 1300 C may occur for example.
In order to minimize wear caused as a result of thermal exposure, it is known from DE 2825940 Al to cool the forging mandrel from the inside in order to accelerate heat dissipation from the surface of the mandrel into the mandrel.
In order to increase wear resistance of the mandrel, it is further proposed to surround the mandrel body with an outer jacket of highly heat-resistant material, e.g.
a nickel or cobalt base alloy.
This forging mandrel suffers several drawbacks. On the one hand, this forging mandrel is very complex and expensive to manufacture. On the other hand, heat introduction into the mandrel material is not diminished so that the shape stability of the forging mandrel is reduced, when exposed to high temperature stress and thus causes premature failure.
It is an object of the invention to provide a forging mandrel for hot-forging tubular workpieces of metal, which forging mandrel can be manufactured inexpensively and exhibits high wear resistance while yet is of stable shape even when exposed to high forging temperatures.
Starting form the preamble, this object is solved in combination with the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous refinements are the subject matter of sub-claims.
According to the teaching of the invention, the mandrel material is made of heat-resistant alloy, with the mandrel body provided at least in the work zone with a layer which lessens heat dissipation into the mandrel body during forging and adheres firmly upon the mandrel body and which has a thickness of at least 50 m.
The essential novelty of this invention resides in that the layer which surrounds the mandrel body has a lower thermal conductivity than the mandrel body so that heat introduction into the mandrel body is significantly decreased to thereby realize a significantly improved shape stability, even when exposed to high forging temperatures.
The layer has hereby in accordance with the invention a heat conductivity which is significantly lower than the one of the material of the mandrel body, advantageously by at least 50 %.
Description The invention relates to a forging mandrel for hot-forging tubular workpieces of metal according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Hot-forming of tubular workpieces, such as, e.g., seamless steel pipes, is known from DE 10 2005 052 178 Al.
Starting from a block heated to forming temperature, this method involves a first forming step in which a thick-walled hollow block is produced through punching and then forged into a seamless pipe by a radial forging process which uses a forging mandrel as internal tool which is pushed into the hollow block and at least two forging jaws of a forging machine to act on the outer surface area of the hollow block. The hollow block is hereby turned and shifted axially in clocked manner in the phase of the idle stroke of the forging jaws.
The forging mandrel is exposed during the forging process to significant thermal and mechanical stress, causing wear of the tool surface and decreasing the service life of the forging mandrel. Forging temperatures of above 1300 C may occur for example.
In order to minimize wear caused as a result of thermal exposure, it is known from DE 2825940 Al to cool the forging mandrel from the inside in order to accelerate heat dissipation from the surface of the mandrel into the mandrel.
In order to increase wear resistance of the mandrel, it is further proposed to surround the mandrel body with an outer jacket of highly heat-resistant material, e.g.
a nickel or cobalt base alloy.
This forging mandrel suffers several drawbacks. On the one hand, this forging mandrel is very complex and expensive to manufacture. On the other hand, heat introduction into the mandrel material is not diminished so that the shape stability of the forging mandrel is reduced, when exposed to high temperature stress and thus causes premature failure.
It is an object of the invention to provide a forging mandrel for hot-forging tubular workpieces of metal, which forging mandrel can be manufactured inexpensively and exhibits high wear resistance while yet is of stable shape even when exposed to high forging temperatures.
Starting form the preamble, this object is solved in combination with the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous refinements are the subject matter of sub-claims.
According to the teaching of the invention, the mandrel material is made of heat-resistant alloy, with the mandrel body provided at least in the work zone with a layer which lessens heat dissipation into the mandrel body during forging and adheres firmly upon the mandrel body and which has a thickness of at least 50 m.
The essential novelty of this invention resides in that the layer which surrounds the mandrel body has a lower thermal conductivity than the mandrel body so that heat introduction into the mandrel body is significantly decreased to thereby realize a significantly improved shape stability, even when exposed to high forging temperatures.
The layer has hereby in accordance with the invention a heat conductivity which is significantly lower than the one of the material of the mandrel body, advantageously by at least 50 %.
The layer on the mandrel body can be advantageously produced according to the invention in a very cost-effective way through oxidation or also through application of a respective layer, e.g. through thermal methods.
Oxidizing the mandrel is advantageously applied when carbon steels are involved, whereas high-alloy mandrel materials involve application of the layer advantageously through thermal spraying processes, such as, e.g., flame-spraying or plasma spraying.
The thermally applied layers may hereby contain zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, for example.
It is hereby essential that the thermal conductivity of the coating material is always significantly below the one of the mandrel material.
In order for the layer to be able to exert a recognizable effect with respect to a significantly reduced heat introduction into the mandrel body, it is advantageous when the layer has a minimum thickness of about 50 m.
The forging mandrel according to the invention has hereby not only the advantages with respect to improved shape stability but also with respect to a decrease of the abrasive wear. Tests have shown the presence of a certain lubricating effect of the layer material during forging to reduce the abrasive wear.
For selecting a suitable material for the mandrel body, it is essential to suit the mandrel body to the material being forged in such a way that fusion of forging mandrel and forging workpiece is prevented.
The forging mandrel according to the invention has hereby the beneficial effect that the layer acts upon the mandrel body as a separation layer which opposes a fusion under forging pressure and temperature.
As a certain heat introduction into the mandrel body cannot be completely eliminated, it may be further prudent to provide the mandrel body with an additional internal cooling in order to assist the shape stability of the mandrel.
As an alternative, it may also be provided to cool the outside of the mandrel body in phases of standstill. This can be implemented in a much more cost-efficient manner than internal cooling.
In order to limit the heat introduction into the mandrel body to a minimum during the forging process, it may be further prudent to move the mandrel in the workpiece during forging because in this procedure constantly other work zones of the forging mandrel surface come into engagement so that local heat introduction is reduced.
The forging mandrel according to the invention will be described in greater detail with reference to an illustration.
The forging mandrel shown in the sole Figure has a mandrel body 1 provided with bevels 3, 4 and secured to a restraining bar 2. The restraining bar 2 is required to be able to move the forging mandrel in axial and rotatable relationship in a tubular workpiece, not shown here.
The forging mandrel 1 is made of heat-resistant steel which is provided in accordance with the invention with a layer 5 which reduces in the work zone the heat introduction into the mandrel body 1.
Oxidizing the mandrel is advantageously applied when carbon steels are involved, whereas high-alloy mandrel materials involve application of the layer advantageously through thermal spraying processes, such as, e.g., flame-spraying or plasma spraying.
The thermally applied layers may hereby contain zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, for example.
It is hereby essential that the thermal conductivity of the coating material is always significantly below the one of the mandrel material.
In order for the layer to be able to exert a recognizable effect with respect to a significantly reduced heat introduction into the mandrel body, it is advantageous when the layer has a minimum thickness of about 50 m.
The forging mandrel according to the invention has hereby not only the advantages with respect to improved shape stability but also with respect to a decrease of the abrasive wear. Tests have shown the presence of a certain lubricating effect of the layer material during forging to reduce the abrasive wear.
For selecting a suitable material for the mandrel body, it is essential to suit the mandrel body to the material being forged in such a way that fusion of forging mandrel and forging workpiece is prevented.
The forging mandrel according to the invention has hereby the beneficial effect that the layer acts upon the mandrel body as a separation layer which opposes a fusion under forging pressure and temperature.
As a certain heat introduction into the mandrel body cannot be completely eliminated, it may be further prudent to provide the mandrel body with an additional internal cooling in order to assist the shape stability of the mandrel.
As an alternative, it may also be provided to cool the outside of the mandrel body in phases of standstill. This can be implemented in a much more cost-efficient manner than internal cooling.
In order to limit the heat introduction into the mandrel body to a minimum during the forging process, it may be further prudent to move the mandrel in the workpiece during forging because in this procedure constantly other work zones of the forging mandrel surface come into engagement so that local heat introduction is reduced.
The forging mandrel according to the invention will be described in greater detail with reference to an illustration.
The forging mandrel shown in the sole Figure has a mandrel body 1 provided with bevels 3, 4 and secured to a restraining bar 2. The restraining bar 2 is required to be able to move the forging mandrel in axial and rotatable relationship in a tubular workpiece, not shown here.
The forging mandrel 1 is made of heat-resistant steel which is provided in accordance with the invention with a layer 5 which reduces in the work zone the heat introduction into the mandrel body 1.
The layer 5 has hereby a thermal conductivity which is significantly lower than the one of the material of the mandrel body 1 in order to reduce heat introduction and thus to ensure the shape stability of the mandrel body 1, even when exposed to high forging temperatures.
The mandrel body 1 is configured as solid body in the present case; it is, however, also possible to provide the mandrel body with internal cooling to dissipate as rapidly as possible unavoidable heat introduction into the mandrel body 1 during forging.
WO 2009/00687.3 PCT/DE2008/001067 List of Reference Symbols No. Designation 1 Mandrel body 2 Restraining bar 3,4 Bevel layer
The mandrel body 1 is configured as solid body in the present case; it is, however, also possible to provide the mandrel body with internal cooling to dissipate as rapidly as possible unavoidable heat introduction into the mandrel body 1 during forging.
WO 2009/00687.3 PCT/DE2008/001067 List of Reference Symbols No. Designation 1 Mandrel body 2 Restraining bar 3,4 Bevel layer
Claims (6)
1. Forging mandrel for hot-forging tubular workpieces of metal, comprising a mandrel body and a mandrel bar, wherein the mandrel body is made of heat-resistant material, characterized in that the mandrel body (1) is provided at least in the work zone with a layer (5) which reduces heat dissipation into the mandrel body during forging and adheres firmly upon the mandrel body (1), wherein the layer (5) has a lower thermal conductivity than the material of the mandrel body (1) and has a thickness of at least 50 µm.
2. Forging mandrel according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer (5) is an oxide layer.
3. Forging mandrel according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer (5) is flame-sprayed.
4. Forging mandrel according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer (5) is plasma sprayed.
5. Forging mandrel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal conductivity of the layer (5) is lower by at least 50 % than the thermal conductivity of the mandrel material.
6. Forging mandrel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mandrel body (1) is constructed in the form of a hollow body which is provided with an opening on one side and includes an internal cooling device which extends at least into the work zone.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007032804A DE102007032804B3 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2007-07-10 | Forging mandrel for hot-forging of tubular work-pieces made of metal has a mandrel body made from heat-resistant material and a mandrel rod |
| DE102007032804.6 | 2007-07-10 | ||
| PCT/DE2008/001067 WO2009006873A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-06-25 | Forging mandrel for hot-forging tubular workpieces of metal |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2693450A1 true CA2693450A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
Family
ID=39670381
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2693450A Abandoned CA2693450A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-06-25 | Forging mandrel for hot-forging tubular workpieces of metal |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100251794A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2176013B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2010532715A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20100030628A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101743077B (en) |
| AR (1) | AR067462A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE485903T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2008274744B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0812826A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2693450A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE102007032804B3 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA015221B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2355125T3 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL2176013T3 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA96053C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009006873A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200908608B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2241386A1 (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2010-10-20 | Felss GmbH | Reforming tool for creating an internal profile, in particular an internal gear of a workpiece |
| DE102009053166B4 (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2015-02-19 | V & M Deutschland Gmbh | Method and device for optimized rod circulation in the production of a seamlessly hot-made steel tube after the continuous tube process |
| AT511748B1 (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2014-04-15 | Gfm Gmbh | DEVICE FOR FORGING A HOLLOW BODY |
| AT511745B1 (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2014-09-15 | Gfm Gmbh | DEVICE FOR FORGING A HOLLOW BODY |
| DE102013219310A1 (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2015-03-26 | Gfm Gmbh | Process for hot forging a seamless hollow body made of material that is difficult to form, in particular of steel |
| CN104275363A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2015-01-14 | 阜新华通管道有限公司 | Seamless steel pipe following tire forging method for high-temperature and high-pressure pipe fitting |
| JP6521369B2 (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2019-05-29 | 日立金属株式会社 | Hot forging die |
| US11122741B2 (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2021-09-21 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | Stalk roller assembly for an agricultural system |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT350356B (en) * | 1977-08-30 | 1979-05-25 | Gfm Fertigungstechnik | FORGING THORN |
| JPS5913924B2 (en) * | 1979-12-25 | 1984-04-02 | 日本鋼管株式会社 | Core metal for piercing rolling mill |
| JPS61110770A (en) * | 1984-11-01 | 1986-05-29 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Sintered hard alloy tool for hot working |
| JPH01135143U (en) * | 1988-03-09 | 1989-09-14 | ||
| CA2025302A1 (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1991-06-27 | John R. Rairden, Iii | Reinforced microlaminted metal-matrix-composite structure |
| JP3191008B2 (en) * | 1991-04-04 | 2001-07-23 | 日立金属株式会社 | Hot tool steel |
| JP3124442B2 (en) * | 1994-06-21 | 2001-01-15 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Forging tool having tilt function and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN2458107Y (en) * | 2000-12-27 | 2001-11-07 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Electric radiation preheater for forging die |
| DE10124866A1 (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2002-12-05 | Peter Schuele | Tool for bending machine |
| JP2004066246A (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2004-03-04 | Osg Corp | Spherical surface burnish-rolling circular die and its manufacturing method |
| JP2004255429A (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2004-09-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Processing method for steel with high young's modulus and high fatigue strength |
| CN2657903Y (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2004-11-24 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Middle-large-sized rubber mould heater |
| CN1929933B (en) * | 2004-03-11 | 2010-10-13 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | Seamless tube piercing/rolling plug, seamless tube producing apparatus, and seamless tube producing method therewith |
| DE102005052178B4 (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2008-06-19 | V&M Deutschland Gmbh | Method for producing a seamless hot-worked steel tube |
| CN100358652C (en) * | 2005-12-06 | 2008-01-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Hot-forging die and its preparing method |
| US7587923B1 (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2009-09-15 | Raul Garza | Method of making a tubular |
| JP4910693B2 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2012-04-04 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | A method for applying a lubricant to a mandrel bar, a method for controlling the film thickness of the lubricant on a mandrel bar, and a method for producing a seamless steel pipe. |
| JP5169982B2 (en) * | 2009-03-03 | 2013-03-27 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Plug, piercing and rolling mill, and seamless pipe manufacturing method using the same |
-
2007
- 2007-07-10 DE DE102007032804A patent/DE102007032804B3/en active Active
-
2008
- 2008-06-25 BR BRPI0812826-0A2A patent/BRPI0812826A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-06-25 AU AU2008274744A patent/AU2008274744B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-06-25 EA EA201000187A patent/EA015221B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-06-25 UA UAA201001359A patent/UA96053C2/en unknown
- 2008-06-25 EP EP08773279A patent/EP2176013B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2008-06-25 WO PCT/DE2008/001067 patent/WO2009006873A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-06-25 US US12/668,282 patent/US20100251794A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-06-25 CA CA2693450A patent/CA2693450A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-06-25 CN CN200880023941XA patent/CN101743077B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-06-25 AT AT08773279T patent/ATE485903T1/en active
- 2008-06-25 ES ES08773279T patent/ES2355125T3/en active Active
- 2008-06-25 JP JP2010515345A patent/JP2010532715A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-06-25 KR KR1020097027175A patent/KR20100030628A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-06-25 DE DE502008001670T patent/DE502008001670D1/en active Active
- 2008-06-25 PL PL08773279T patent/PL2176013T3/en unknown
- 2008-07-07 AR ARP080102919A patent/AR067462A1/en active IP Right Grant
-
2009
- 2009-12-03 ZA ZA2009/08608A patent/ZA200908608B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE485903T1 (en) | 2010-11-15 |
| CN101743077A (en) | 2010-06-16 |
| US20100251794A1 (en) | 2010-10-07 |
| DE102007032804B3 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
| EP2176013B1 (en) | 2010-10-27 |
| JP2010532715A (en) | 2010-10-14 |
| EA201000187A1 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
| EA015221B1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
| UA96053C2 (en) | 2011-09-26 |
| WO2009006873A9 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
| KR20100030628A (en) | 2010-03-18 |
| PL2176013T3 (en) | 2011-05-31 |
| EP2176013A1 (en) | 2010-04-21 |
| WO2009006873A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
| AU2008274744B2 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
| ZA200908608B (en) | 2011-02-23 |
| AU2008274744A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
| CN101743077B (en) | 2011-07-13 |
| AU2008274744A2 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
| BRPI0812826A2 (en) | 2014-12-09 |
| ES2355125T3 (en) | 2011-03-23 |
| AR067462A1 (en) | 2009-10-14 |
| DE502008001670D1 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20150313 |