CA2637691A1 - Chemical pulp treatment compositions and methods - Google Patents
Chemical pulp treatment compositions and methods Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2637691A1 CA2637691A1 CA002637691A CA2637691A CA2637691A1 CA 2637691 A1 CA2637691 A1 CA 2637691A1 CA 002637691 A CA002637691 A CA 002637691A CA 2637691 A CA2637691 A CA 2637691A CA 2637691 A1 CA2637691 A1 CA 2637691A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- strain
- pulp
- lipase
- chemical pulp
- peroxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 36
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical group OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000222120 Candida <Saccharomycetales> Species 0.000 claims description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,8-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(C)=O)C(O)=C2C(=O)C(OC)=CC(=O)C2=C1O UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000223218 Fusarium Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 101710098556 Lipase A Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 101710099648 Lysosomal acid lipase/cholesteryl ester hydrolase Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102100026001 Lysosomal acid lipase/cholesteryl ester hydrolase Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium;oxido carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OC([O-])=O MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000590020 Achromobacter Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 108010031797 Candida antarctica lipase B Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 241000223198 Humicola Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000766694 Hyphozyma Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241001661345 Moesziomyces antarcticus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000235402 Rhizomucor Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000235527 Rhizopus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000223257 Thermomyces Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229960003903 oxygen Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 33
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 108090000854 Oxidoreductases Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 102000004316 Oxidoreductases Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229960002163 hydrogen peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- -1 trigiycerdies Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 102000003992 Peroxidases Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 108010029541 Laccase Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 108010055297 Sterol Esterase Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102000000019 Sterol Esterase Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,4-trifluorobutan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(F)(F)F BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N Abietic acid Natural products CC(C)C1=CC2=CC[C@]3(C)[C@](C)(CCC[C@@]3(C)C(=O)O)[C@H]2CC1 BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N 0.000 description 3
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000000972 Agathis dammara Species 0.000 description 3
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229920002871 Dammar gum Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 108090000371 Esterases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108700020962 Peroxidase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101710121765 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraacetylethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N(C(C)=O)CCN(C(C)=O)C(C)=O BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000370 acceptor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 108010005400 cutinase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LJCNDNBULVLKSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoacetic acid;butane Chemical compound CCCC.CCCC.NCC(O)=O LJCNDNBULVLKSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000235389 Absidia Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010025188 Alcohol oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010003402 Arthropod sting Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000223679 Beauveria Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100032487 Beta-mannosidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000233001 Carios Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108010089254 Cholesterol oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000222511 Coprinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222175 Diutina rugosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010083608 Durazym Proteins 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221779 Fusarium sambucinum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000427940 Fusarium solani Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010015133 Galactose oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010015776 Glucose oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004366 Glucose oxidase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710084385 Lipase 8 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710098554 Lipase B Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001361634 Rhizoctonia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000813090 Rhizoctonia solani Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010056079 Subtilisins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000005158 Subtilisins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000222354 Trametes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223259 Trichoderma Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010092464 Urate Oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KTYVHLCLTPLSGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N amino propanoate Chemical class CCC(=O)ON KTYVHLCLTPLSGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940025131 amylases Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010055059 beta-Mannosidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150068326 bro1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079919 digestives enzyme preparation Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-bis(prop-2-enyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=CC[N+](C)(C)CC=C GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116332 glucose oxidase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019420 glucose oxidase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010003855 mesentericopeptidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010009355 microbial metalloproteinases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010020132 microbial serine proteinases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108040007629 peroxidase activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000000864 peroxy group Chemical group O(O*)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004076 pulp bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 108010075550 termamyl Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005267 urate oxidase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/08—Removal of fats, resins, pitch or waxes; Chemical or physical purification, i.e. refining, of crude cellulose by removing non-cellulosic contaminants, optionally combined with bleaching
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/02—Agents for preventing deposition on the paper mill equipment, e.g. pitch or slime control
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US77324206P | 2006-02-14 | 2006-02-14 | |
| US60/773,242 | 2006-02-14 | ||
| PCT/US2007/062136 WO2007095575A1 (en) | 2006-02-14 | 2007-02-14 | Chemical pulp treatment compositions and methods |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2637691A1 true CA2637691A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
Family
ID=38226487
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002637691A Abandoned CA2637691A1 (en) | 2006-02-14 | 2007-02-14 | Chemical pulp treatment compositions and methods |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090065159A1 (no) |
| EP (1) | EP1994219A1 (no) |
| JP (1) | JP2009526919A (no) |
| CN (1) | CN101384769A (no) |
| AU (1) | AU2007214449A1 (no) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0707656A2 (no) |
| CA (1) | CA2637691A1 (no) |
| NO (1) | NO20083436L (no) |
| WO (1) | WO2007095575A1 (no) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030051836A1 (en) * | 2001-05-21 | 2003-03-20 | Novozymes A/S | Enzymatic hydrolysis of a polymer comprising vinyl acetate monomer |
| WO2006126983A1 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2006-11-30 | Novozymes North America, Inc. | Chlorine dioxide treatment compositions and processes |
| EP2534254A4 (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2014-01-22 | Iogen Energy Corp | METHOD FOR REMOVING INCRUSTATIONS DURING A PROCESS FOR CONVERTING A LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS |
| JP5833643B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-08 | 2015-12-16 | バックマン・ラボラトリーズ・インターナショナル・インコーポレーテッドＢｕｃｋｍａｎ Ｌａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｉｅｓ Ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｉｎｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｅｄ | パルプ及び紙の製造による汚泥を分解する方法 |
| US8652301B2 (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2014-02-18 | Buckman Laboratories International, Inc. | Method and composition for enzymatic treatment of fiber for papermaking, and paper products made therewith |
| CA2877095C (en) | 2012-06-22 | 2018-02-13 | Buckman Laboratories International, Inc. | Methods of using combinations of a lipase and an oxidant for pitch control in paper making processes and products thereof |
| CN103243601A (zh) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-08-14 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种脂肪酶、NaOH、滑石粉组合处理马尾松热磨机械浆树脂的方法 |
| CN104088184B (zh) * | 2014-06-26 | 2017-01-11 | 孔慧 | 一种洗浆助剂及其制浆工艺方法 |
| CN109610217A (zh) * | 2016-10-19 | 2019-04-12 | 瑞辰星生物技术（广州）有限公司 | 制浆造纸生产中控制有机污染物沉积的组合物 |
| CN106480771B (zh) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-12-04 | 江南大学 | 一种利用角质酶处理造纸白水的方法 |
| CN109722422A (zh) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-05-07 | 苏州埃斯腾特生物科技有限公司 | 耐高温脂肪酶及其用途 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3486969A (en) * | 1965-07-20 | 1969-12-30 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Process for the treating of wood chips with fungi to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of the resinous components |
| NZ235983A (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1993-01-27 | Novo Nordisk As | Process for hydrolysis of resins in lignocellulosic pulp using enzymes simultaneously with peroxy bleaching; ctmp fluff-pulp and absorbent articles produced therefrom |
| US5256252A (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1993-10-26 | Nalco Chemical Company | Method for controlling pitch deposits using lipase and cationic polymer |
| DK39593D0 (da) * | 1993-04-02 | 1993-04-02 | Novo Nordisk As | Enzym |
| JP3589870B2 (ja) * | 1998-09-02 | 2004-11-17 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 酵素によるピッチトラブル防止法 |
| FI990501A (fi) * | 1999-03-08 | 2000-09-09 | Valtion Teknillinen | Uusi entsymaattinen prosessi paperinvalmistuksen pihkaongelmien kontro lloimiseksi |
| US20030124710A1 (en) * | 2001-10-23 | 2003-07-03 | Novozymes A/S | Oxidizing enzymes in the manufacture of paper materials |
-
2007
- 2007-02-14 EP EP07717616A patent/EP1994219A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-02-14 JP JP2008554548A patent/JP2009526919A/ja active Pending
- 2007-02-14 BR BRPI0707656-8A patent/BRPI0707656A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-02-14 CA CA002637691A patent/CA2637691A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-02-14 AU AU2007214449A patent/AU2007214449A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-02-14 WO PCT/US2007/062136 patent/WO2007095575A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-02-14 US US12/160,898 patent/US20090065159A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-02-14 CN CNA2007800054194A patent/CN101384769A/zh active Pending
-
2008
- 2008-08-05 NO NO20083436A patent/NO20083436L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007095575A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
| AU2007214449A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
| BRPI0707656A2 (pt) | 2011-05-10 |
| EP1994219A1 (en) | 2008-11-26 |
| JP2009526919A (ja) | 2009-07-23 |
| CN101384769A (zh) | 2009-03-11 |
| NO20083436L (no) | 2008-08-26 |
| US20090065159A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |