CA2555664A1 - An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery and a rechargeable lithium battery - Google Patents
An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery and a rechargeable lithium battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2555664A1 CA2555664A1 CA002555664A CA2555664A CA2555664A1 CA 2555664 A1 CA2555664 A1 CA 2555664A1 CA 002555664 A CA002555664 A CA 002555664A CA 2555664 A CA2555664 A CA 2555664A CA 2555664 A1 CA2555664 A1 CA 2555664A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- electrode
- layer
- lithium battery
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract 40
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract 36
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 55
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract 55
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 53
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract 53
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 50
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 22
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910018471 Cu6Sn5 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery, which is high in discharge capacity and excellent in cycle characteristics, comprising a layer composed of a metal that does not alloy with Li, a layer composed of a metal that alloys with Li and a mixed layer interposed between the layers and composed of these metals. The mixed layer includes first and second layers having different A:B concentration ratios.
Claims (33)
1. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery, which comprises a layer composed of a metal that does not alloy with Li, a layer composed of a metal that alloys with Li and a mixed layer interposed between said layers and composed of these metals, said mixed layer has first and second layers having different A:B concentration ratios, said first layer is provided on the layer composed of a metal that does not alloy with Li and has a concentration ratio of A:B = 10:1 - 2:1, and said second layer is provided on said first layer and has a concentration ratio of A:B = 4:1 - 1:1, where A represents the metal that does not alloy with Li and B represents the metal that alloys with Li.
2. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery, which comprises a substrate composed of a metal that does not alloy with Li, a layer provided on the substrate and composed of a metal that alloys with Li and a mixed layer interposed between said substrate and said layer and composed of these metals, said mixed layer has first and second layers having different A:B concentration ratios, said first layer is provided on the substrate composed of a metal that does not alloy with Li and has a concentration ratio of A:B = 10:1 -2:1, and said second layer is provided on said first layer and has a concentration ratio of A:B = 4:1 - 1:1, where A
represents the metal that does not alloy with Li and B
represents the metal that alloys with Li.
represents the metal that does not alloy with Li and B
represents the metal that alloys with Li.
3. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery, which comprises a substrate composed of a metal that alloys with Li, a layer provided on the substrate and composed of a metal that does not alloy with Li and a mixed layer interposed between said substrate and said layer and composed of these metals, said mixed layer has first and second layers having different A:B concentration ratios, said second layer is provided on the substrate composed of a metal that alloys with Li and has a concentration ratio of A:B = 4:1 - 1:1, and said first layer is provided on said second layer and has a concentration ratio of A:B = 10:1 - 2:1, where A represents the metal that does not alloy with Li and B represents the metal that alloys with Li.
4. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery, which comprises a substrate composed of a metal that does not alloy with Li, a layer provided on the substrate and composed of a metal that alloys with Li and a mixed layer of said metals formed by allowing said metal that does not alloy with Li to diffuse into said layer from said substrate, said mixed layer has first and second layers having different A:B
concentration ratios, said first layer is provided on the substrate composed of a metal that does not alloy with Li and has a concentration ratio of A:B = 10:1 - 2:1, and said second layer is provided on said first layer and has a concentration ratio of A:B = 4:1 - 1:1, where A represents the metal that does not alloy with Li and B represents the metal that alloys with Li.
concentration ratios, said first layer is provided on the substrate composed of a metal that does not alloy with Li and has a concentration ratio of A:B = 10:1 - 2:1, and said second layer is provided on said first layer and has a concentration ratio of A:B = 4:1 - 1:1, where A represents the metal that does not alloy with Li and B represents the metal that alloys with Li.
5. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said mixed layer has a thickness of 0.5 µm or more.
6. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said mixed layer is divided into islands by gaps formed therein in a manner extending in its thickness direction.
7. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said metal that does not alloy with Li is Cu and said metal that alloys with Li is Sn.
8. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein said substrate has a surface roughness Ra of 0.01 to 2 µm.
9. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein said substrate has a surface roughness Ra of 0.1 to 2 µm.
10. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein said layer or substrate composed of a metal that alloys with Li is formed from an alloy of two or more metals that alloy with Li.
11. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to claim 10, wherein said alloy contains two or more metals that do not form an intermetallic compound with each other.
12. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to claim 10 or 11, wherein said metal that does not alloy with Li is Cu and said alloy is an alloy of Sn and Pb.
13. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to claim 10 or 11, wherein said metal that does not alloy with Li is Cu and said alloy is an alloy of Sn and Zn.
14. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein one metal in said alloy has a concentration of up to 40% by weight.
15. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to claim 14, wherein said alloy is an alloy of Sn and Pb or an alloy of Sn and Zn and said one metal is Pb or Zn.
16. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein said mixed layer has a concentration gradient so that a concentration of the metal that alloys with Li increases and a concentration of the metal that does not alloy with Li decreases toward the layer or substrate composed of a metal that alloys with Li.
17. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said first and second layers comprise an intermetallic compound of A and B.
18. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein said mixed layer has voids.
19. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein said mixed layer comprises an intermetallic compound of a metal that does not alloy with Li and a metal that alloys with Li.
20. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein said mixed layer comprises at least one layer composed of Cu6Sn5.
21. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein said mixed layer is formed by a heat treatment that causes diffusion of said metal that does not alloy with Li and said metal that alloys with Li.
22. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to claim 21, wherein said heat treatment is effected at a temperature of 160 to 240°C if the metal that does not alloy with Li is Cu and the metal that alloys with Li is Sn.
23. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to claim 22, wherein said heat treatment is effected at a temperature of 180 to 240°C.
24. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 2 or 4 to 23, wherein said substrate composed of a metal that does not alloy with Li is an electrolytic copper foil.
25. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 2 to 24, wherein said layer composed of a metal that alloys with Li or a metal that does not alloy with Li is provided in the form of a film plated on said substrate.
26. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein a layer or substrate composed of a metal that does not alloy with Li is provided on one surface of the layer or substrate composed of a metal that alloys with Li, and a film which does not react with Li ions, permits passage of Li ions and has no ionic conductivity for Li ions is provided on the other surface of the layer or substrate composed of a metal that alloys with Li.
27. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to claim 26, wherein said film is a hard carbon film.
28. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to claim 27, wherein said hard carbon film shows a Raman scattering spectrum in which a ratio (Id/Ig) of a peak intensity Id around 1,400 cm -1 to a peak intensity Ig around 1,550 cm -1 is 0.5 to 3Ø
29. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 26 to 28, wherein said film has a thickness of 50 to 1,000 nm.
30. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 26 to 29, wherein said film has a volume resistivity of 10 10 .OMEGA..cm or below.
31. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to any one of claims 26 to 30, wherein an interlayer is provided between the layer or substrate composed of a metal that alloys with Li and said film.
32. An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery according to claim 31, wherein said interlayer is formed from at least one selected from Si, Ti, Zr, Ge, Ru, Mo, W and their oxides, nitrides and carbides.
33. A rechargeable lithium battery comprising a negative electrode comprised of the electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 32, a positive electrode and a nonaqueous electrolyte.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000125606 | 2000-04-26 | ||
| JP2000-125606 | 2000-04-26 | ||
| JP2000-284020 | 2000-09-19 | ||
| JP2000284020 | 2000-09-19 | ||
| JP2000-346985 | 2000-11-14 | ||
| JP2000346985 | 2000-11-14 | ||
| CA2407414A CA2407414C (en) | 2000-04-26 | 2001-04-24 | Electrode for rechargeable lithium battery and rechargeable lithium battery |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2407414A Division CA2407414C (en) | 2000-04-26 | 2001-04-24 | Electrode for rechargeable lithium battery and rechargeable lithium battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2555664A1 true CA2555664A1 (en) | 2002-10-22 |
| CA2555664C CA2555664C (en) | 2011-04-05 |
Family
ID=37193977
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2556201A Expired - Fee Related CA2556201C (en) | 2000-04-26 | 2001-04-24 | An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery and a rechargeable lithium battery |
| CA2555664A Expired - Fee Related CA2555664C (en) | 2000-04-26 | 2001-04-24 | An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery and a rechargeable lithium battery |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2556201A Expired - Fee Related CA2556201C (en) | 2000-04-26 | 2001-04-24 | An electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery and a rechargeable lithium battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (2) | CA2556201C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113906592A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2022-01-07 | 北伊利诺伊大学董事会 | Doped lithium anode, battery having a doped lithium anode, and methods of using the same |
-
2001
- 2001-04-24 CA CA2556201A patent/CA2556201C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-04-24 CA CA2555664A patent/CA2555664C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113906592A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2022-01-07 | 北伊利诺伊大学董事会 | Doped lithium anode, battery having a doped lithium anode, and methods of using the same |
| CN113906592B (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2022-08-26 | 北伊利诺伊大学董事会 | Doped lithium anode, battery having a doped lithium anode, and methods of using the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2556201C (en) | 2012-02-21 |
| CA2556201A1 (en) | 2002-10-22 |
| CA2555664C (en) | 2011-04-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20140424 |