CA2538437A1 - Emergency lock for a fire protection door and release for a smoke flap - Google Patents
Emergency lock for a fire protection door and release for a smoke flap Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2538437A1 CA2538437A1 CA 2538437 CA2538437A CA2538437A1 CA 2538437 A1 CA2538437 A1 CA 2538437A1 CA 2538437 CA2538437 CA 2538437 CA 2538437 A CA2538437 A CA 2538437A CA 2538437 A1 CA2538437 A1 CA 2538437A1
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bolt
- temperature
- active means
- emergency lock
- fire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B65/00—Locks or fastenings for special use
- E05B65/10—Locks or fastenings for special use for panic or emergency doors
- E05B65/104—Locks or fastenings for special use for panic or emergency doors actuated in response to heat, e.g. with fusible element, bimetal, memory shape or swelling material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
- E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
- E06B5/16—Fireproof doors or similar closures; Adaptations of fixed constructions therefor
- E06B5/164—Sealing arrangements between the door or window and its frame, e.g. intumescent seals specially adapted therefor
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Special Wing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to an emergency lock for a fire protection door and a smoke flap release having a temperature-active means for bolt actuation.
Description
EMERGENCY LOCK FOR A FIRE PROTECTION DOOR AND RELErISE FOR A SMOKE FLAP
(0001 ] The present im~entfon relates to an emergency lock for a fire protection door and a smoke flap release accord ing to the preambles of the independent patent claims.
(0001 ] The present im~entfon relates to an emergency lock for a fire protection door and a smoke flap release accord ing to the preambles of the independent patent claims.
(0002] An emergency lock for a fire protection door is known. Typical fire protection doors Contain a frame and at least one door leaf, which is pivotably mounted ~Dn the frame via hinges. The at least one door leaf may be closed and locked with the frame via a lockable single-point lock in this case.
An emergency lock for a fire protection door is typically implemented in such a way that when a fire is detected, using a smoke alarm, for example, the single-point lock is locked. The single-point lock is frequently locked via an electrical actuator in this case. It may thus be ensured that the fire protection door remains closed during a fire, so that the fire may not propagate further.
Moreover, it is thus ensured that the fire is not "fed" by further oxygen supply.
An emergency lock for a fire protection door is typically implemented in such a way that when a fire is detected, using a smoke alarm, for example, the single-point lock is locked. The single-point lock is frequently locked via an electrical actuator in this case. It may thus be ensured that the fire protection door remains closed during a fire, so that the fire may not propagate further.
Moreover, it is thus ensured that the fire is not "fed" by further oxygen supply.
(0003] Fire protection doors are to prevent the propagation of the fire over at least a predefined span of time in case of firE. To check their safety specifications, fire protection doors are subjected to a fire test in regard to their fire inhibition function or their fire protection function in general. tn this test, the effects of the action of flame on the fire protection doors are displayed again and again if only the single-point lock is installed. The free door corners and the door leaf bend toward the outside due to the high temperature differential between the outside and inside of the fire.
The flames thus break through the door and the danger exists that a door lock will no longer withstand the large opening force.
The flames thus break through the door and the danger exists that a door lock will no longer withstand the large opening force.
(0004] 1f the door leaf is made of steel, the required conditions in regard to the permissible thermal expansion values may be fulfilled in regard to the doors known up to this point, because the thermal z expansion coefficient of steel is low. The thermal expansion coefficient of light metal, such as in aluminum hollow-profile doors, is known to be significantly larger, however, so that the protection specifications may not be fulfilled reliably in all cases. Namely, it has been established that the door leaves, particularly when they are made of aluminum, deform very strongly, because of the high thermal expansion coefficients. Due to such deformations of the door leaves, which are typically strongly curved, the danger arises that the door leaves will spring open prematurely and undesirably.
The danger thus exists in fire protection doors made of light metal in particular, but also those made of steel, that the flames will break through the door and the fire protection effect is then canceled out.
The danger thus exists in fire protection doors made of light metal in particular, but also those made of steel, that the flames will break through the door and the fire protection effect is then canceled out.
(0005) It is the object of the present invention to show a way in which an emergency lock may be implemented cost-effectively, simply, and through low constructive outlay, which effectively locks the fire protection door in the event of fire, so that the fire protection door has a high fire resistance capability. Furthermore, the present invention has the object of specifying a smoke flap release which allows opening of the smoke flap reliably and in a simplE way in ease of fire.
[,0006) The achievement of this object results from the features of the independent patent claims.
Advantageous embodiments and refinements of Che present invention are described in the subclaims.
100071 This object is achieved according to the present invention in that the emergency lock for a fire protection door and/or the smoke flap contains a bolt and a temperature-active means for bolt actuation.
(0008) The fire protection door is thus locked with the frame and/or the floor area, the lock being extended by the temperaturC-active means only in case of fire, however, and then automatically.
(00091 In addition to typical fire protection doors, the present invention is also very well suitable for use in revolving doors, and sliding doors for fire protection.
[00101 An alternative use of the temperature-active means according to the present invention is that the lock of smoke flaps is released using a temperature-active material. The smoke flaps may then be brought into the open position through spring loading, for example.
[0011] Preferably, multiple emergency locks are situated along the fire protection door. For this purpose, multiple emergency locks are attached similarly, in particular in the area of the corners of the fire protection door, since the bends occur most there in case; of fire.
In conCrlst to the related art, the fire protection door is thus locked in multiple points, particularly at its weak points. It is thus made possible for even lighter fire protection doors, made of aluminum, for example, to have a fire protection class having higher creep safety. furthermore, the emergency lock has been shown to be advantageous because it manages with only a few elements and is therefore cost-effective.
Nonetheless, the emergency lock operates very reliably, since it operates purely mechanically under the effect of heat, i.e., in case of fire. The emergency lock may operate independently of fire detectors, whose function may be unreliable in case of fire. Thus" for example, in a typical emergency lock, in which the emergency lock is operated in response to fire detectors, malfunctions may occur, since signal lines between the emergency lock and the fire detenors may be damaged (by the effect of fire, for example).
[0012] In an advantageous embodiment, the temperature-active means preferably expands under the effect of heat at 100'C to z50'C. It may thus be ensured that the fire protection door is also effectively and reliably locked only in case of actual fire. Malfunctions which may occur in connection with additionally provided fire detectors are thus avoided. It h<~s particularly also been shown to be advantageous that unnecessary locking of the tire protection door because of a false alarm may be precluded. Fire detectors frequently give a fire alarm although there is no fire. The causes for this in many cases are that the fire detectors do detect smoke andlor vapor, but this has arisen without a fire or due to a controlled (small) fire. In many devices, in particular in large kitchens, smoke or vapor often develops without a fire existing. In the event of a false alarm, Fire protection doors are then typically unnecessarily closed and locked and sometimes only unlocked again after a long period of time has passed. Such unnecessary lucking is particularly annoying, time-consuming, and therefore also costly in a working environment..
[0013] The temperature-active means is preferably an intumescE~nt material. An intumescent material is known from the related art. In case of fire, intumescent materials expand to approximately 5 to 10 times their original volume and form a stable and hard crust on their surface.
They are commercially available in the form of rod, strips, pasty spray compounds, paints, adhesives, etc. The current use of intumescent materials essentially comprises their use as cold and/or hot gas seals, i.e., in case of fire, the further propagation of hot smoke gases in the components sealed therewith, such as plastic pipes, and cable and ventilation shafts, is to be prevented.
(0014] In a further embodiment, the temperature-active means is a bimetallic spring. Such a spring comprises two parts, which are permanently bonded to one another, made of metal or metal alloys having different expansion coefficiEnts. In the event of temperature changes, the two parts change their dimensions to different extents. A shape and/or length change results through this difference.
[0015) The temperature-active means is preferably a shape-memory spring. Such a spring is mechanically deformed during heat treatment and returns to its original shape at normal temperature.
It has a shape-memory effect, i.e., the original shape is reproduced at normal temperature.
[0016] The embodiment in which the temperature-active means returns to the original state upon cooling has the advantage, for example, that the affected door may be opened again after cooling with extinguishing water, and rescue and extinguishing personnel receive access.
[0017] In a further embodiment, the temperature-active means provides a pyrotechnic effect.
(0018) In a further embodiment, the temperature-active means contains a rheological liquid.
Rheological liquids are distinguished in that their viscosity may br influenced in a targeted way in the range of multiple orders of magnitude through external electrical fields. This behavior is based on the structural changes within the liquid caused by the field. At sufficit~ntly large field strengths, typically of a few kV/mm, the viscosity of the rheological liquid increases within a few milliseconds enough that the liquid solidifies into an elastic solid and only begins to flow again above a specific mechanical load limit, the flow limit.
E0019) In a further embodiment, the temperature-alive means cnntains a plastic material. This material is to have a large path or volume change under the effect of heat.
(00201 In a further embodiment, the tempErature-active means is an electrochemical actuator which is activatable by a triggering device. In this embodiment, the electrochemical actuator is connected via signal lines to the triggering device, for example. The electrochemical actuator expands in response to a signal of the triggering device, through which the bolt extends and the fire protection door locks.
[U021 ] The triggering device is preferably a detector device and/or a switch.
The detector device may be a smoke alarm, for example, which automatically outputs an appropriate signal to the electrochemical actuator upon the detection of a fire. This actuator then actuates the bolt. The switch may be an Emergency switch, for example, which is provided in close proximity to the fire protection door. As soon as a fire is recognized, the emergency switch may be operated by a person.
Furthermore, the fire protection door may also be locked in the ~cvent further sources of danger exist, such as water entry, poisonous gases, etc. pocking may also occur in case of a break-in, the detector device then being implemented as a break-in detector, such as an IR light barrier, general person detector, glass breakage alarm, etc.
(0022] The emergency lock preferably also contains a pre-tension means, which is operationally linked to the boll, the pre-tension meatns being releasable by the temperature-active means.
Therefore, rapid and especially reliable locking is ensured in particular, since the bolt is inserted into the receiver more rapidly and with a higher force.
(0023) The pre-tension means preferably contains a pre-tensioned spring. fn an alternative embodiment, the pre-tension means contains a compressed fluid.
[00241 The emergency lock preferably also contains a heating element which outputs heat energy in response to signal of at least one triggering device, the temperature-active means expanding in response to this heat energy. The temperature-active means may thus be heated by remote control if there is an alarm of a fire alarm device or an "emergency close" function in the event of danger.
[0025] The emergency lock preferably also conW ins a snap closure, which contains the bolt and a snap receiver implemented for receiving the bolt, the snap closure being implemented in such a way that the bolt snaps into the snap receiver without locking in the normal state, and the bolt may be actuated by the temperature-active means under the effect of heat in such a way that the bolt is locked with the snap receiver.
s (00261 Therefore, in addition to the additionally attached bolts, which may he attached in a nearly arbitrary number to the doors, the automatic locking of the lock bolt may be designed using telescopically mounted bolts in connection with intumescent material, through which a temperaeurc-controlled self-locking lock is constructed. For this purpose, it is also advantageous that in IockEd doors, a temperature-controlled bolt extension is achieved, the main bolt receiving the pre-tension and the extension bolt thus being able Co extend without pre-tension.
(0027] The present invention will be explained further on the basis of an exemplary embodiment.
For this purpose, a drawing is attached to the description.
Therein;
Figure 1a shows an emergency lock in the normal .case in a cross sectional view in the longitudinal direction and in a three-dimensional illustration in an embodiment of the present invention, the emergency lock containing a temperature-active means which is an intumescent material, Figure 1 shows the emergency lock of Figure 1 a under b the effect of heat, Figure 2a shows an emergency lock in the normal case in a cross sectional view in the longitudinal direction and in a three-dimensional illustration in an embodiment of the present invention, the emergency lock containing a temperature-active means which is a bimetallic spring, Figure 2b shows the emergency lock of Figure 2a under the effect of heat, Figure 3a shows an emergency lock in the normal case in a cross sectional view in the longitudinal direction and in a three-dimensional illustration in an embodiment of the present invention, the emergency lock containing a temperature-active means which is a shape-memory spring, Figure 3b shows the emergency lock of Figure 3a under the effect of heat, Figure 4a shows an emergency lock in the normal case in a cross sectional view in the longitudinal direction and in a three-dimensional illustration in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4b shows the emergency lock of Figure 4~a under the effect of heat, Figure 5a shows an emergency lock in the normal case in a cross sectional view in the longitudinal direction and in a three-dimensional illustration in an embodiment of the present invention, the emergency lock also containing a snap closure, and Figure 5b showc the emergency lock of Figure 5a under the effect of heat, (0028] Figures 1a and 1b Each show an emergency lock 10 of a fire protection door (not shown) in the normal case and under the effect of heat. The emergency lock 10 has a bolt 14, which is mounted in a pocket hole recess in the fire protection door. The pocket hole is formed here by a hollow-cylindrical sleeve body 12 having a closed bottom 13, in which the bolt 14, implemented as a round bolt, is mounted so it is longitudinally displaceahle, the bolt 14 occupying the open cross-section of the sleeve body 12 and the sleeve body 12 being used as a bolt guide. In an embodiment which is not shown, the bolt may also be implemented as a pivot bolt.
[0029] A temperature-active means 16 is introduced between the one front face of the bolt 14 and the bottom 13 of the Sleeve body 12. In the normal state (see Figure 1 a), the temperature-active means 16 is in the compressed state. The term °normal state" indicates a state within a normal temperature range here. In th;s state, the front. end of the bolt 14 terminates flush with the front end of the sleeve body 12.
(0030] The emergency lock 10 may be installed in the rabbet of a door leaf, in a frame, or in the floor area of the fire protection dour, Only the introduction of a pocket hole in the door leaf or in the frame is required for the mounting. The sleeve body has a flange 11 having screw holes 1 S on its open end for attachment. In the normal state, the emergency lack 10 does not.
provide any locking function. The emergency lock 10 is mounted in such a way that it terminates flush with the mounting surface in the normzl C15C.
I00:~11 Figure 1b shows the emergency lock 10 under the effect of heat. The term "effect of heat"
means the presence of a fire in direct proximity to the fire protection door in this vase. In this case, temperatures above 100°C exist. Under ehis effect of heat, the temperature-active means 16 expands inside the sleeve body 12, through which the bolt 14 is pressed somewhat out of the sleeve body 12.
The front end of the bolt 14 travels into a bolt receiver (not shown) and thus locks the fire protection door in this case.
(0032] If the emergency lock 10 is attached to the rabbet of the door leaf, the front end of the bolt 14 may be inserted into a rece;ver attached to the frame or to the floor area of the fire protection door. ti the emergency lock 1 o is attached to thF frame or to the floor area of the fire protection door, the front end of the bolt 14 may be inserted into a receiver attached to the rabbet of the door leaf. In all cases, secure and reliable locking of the door leaf is provided. Probably, multiple emergency locks are attached namely, at points of the door leaf at which the door leaf may bend through duE to the effect of fire.
(0033] In this embodiment, an intumescent material 16, which expands under the effect of heat, is used as the temperature-active means. nn intumesccnt material which expands at a temperature of greater than 100°C is preferably to be used.
(U034] Figures 2a and 2h each show an emergency lock 10 in Che normal case and under the effect of heat. This emergency lock 10 again has a boll 14 and a sleeve body 12.
Identical parts are provided with identical reference numbers as in the emergency lock 10 described above. In this embodiment, the emergency lock 10 contains a temperature-active means which is a spiral-shaped bimetallic spring 18, which is inserted between the bottom 13 of the sleeve body 12 and the bolt 14.
(00351 In the normal case (see Figure 2a), the bimetallic spring 1 t3 is compressed and the front end of the bolt 14 terminates flush with the front end of the sleeve body 12.
10036] Under the effect of heat (see Figure 2b) the bimetallir spring 18 is in the expanded state, through which it presses the bolt 14 somewhat out. of the sleeve body 12.
(00371 Figures 3a and 3b show an emergency lock 1o in the normal case and under the effect of heat. this emergency lock 10 again has a bolt 14 and a sleeve body 12.
Identical parts as in the emergency lock 10 described above are provided with identical reference numbers. In this embodiment, the emergency lock 10 contains a shape-memory spring 20 as a temperature active means, which is implemented as a three-legged leaf spring here. The leaf spring has two outer legs 19 and an inner leg 21 lying between them, which are connected at their base. In the normal case, the outer legs 19 and the inner leg 21 are in one plane. Under the effect of temperature, the outer legs 19 and the inner leg 21 spread out in a V-shape. If a two-way shape-memory spring is used, it adopts its original shape again upon cooling.
100381 The free ends of the shape-memory spring 20 are inserl:ed between the bottom 13 of the sleevC body 12 and the bolt 14 via an opening 23 in the cylinder mantle of the sleeve body 20.
[0039] In the normal case (see Figure 3a), the shape-memory spring 20 is compressed and the front end of the bolt 14 terminates flush wish the front end of the sleeve body 12.
[0040] Under the effect of heat (see Figure 3b), the shape-memory spring 20 is in the expanded state, through which it presses the boll 14 somewhat out of the sleeve body 12.
(00a1) Figures 4a and 4b each show a further embodiment of an emergency lock 10 for a lock in the normal case (Figure 4a) and under the effect of heat (Figure 4b). In this embodiment, a lock bolt 14 is implemented as a two-part, rectangular flat bolt. It comprises a bolt shaft 6, which interacts via teeth 7 with a lock mechanism (not shown) for the bolt actuation. A. main bolt 8 is implemented !n an extension of the bolt shaft 6, on which a bolt extension 9 is mounted so it is displaceable telescopically along the bolt path. The bolt extension 9 is guided like a cap on the tapered free end 5 of the main bolt 8. In other words, the bolt extension 9 forms a sleeve body 12' around the tapered e:nd 5 of the main bolt 8. A temperature-active means is situated between the floor 13 of the bolt extension 9 and the front side of the tapered end 5.
(0042] !n this embodiment, an ineumescent material 16 is also used as the temperature-active means, which expands under the effect of heat. Preferably, an intumescent material which expands al a temperature of greater than 100°C is to be used.
X0043] Therefore, the automatic locking of the lock bolt may also be designed in connection with inlumescent material, through which a temperature-controlled self-locking lock is constructed. For this purpose, it is advantageous in this case that when fire protection doors arc locked, i.e., when main bolt 8 is extended, the bolt. extension 9 is actuated, the main bolt 8 absorbing the pre-tension and the bolt extension 9 thus being able to extend without pre-tension.
[0044] Figures 5a and Sb each show a further embodiment of an emergency lock 10 in the normal case (Figure Sa) and under the effect of heat (Figure Sb).
(00451 In this embodiment, the emergency loclc 10 also has a snap closure 22, which comprises the holt 14 and a snap receiver 24 implemented for receiving the bolt 14. The snap receiver 24 is mounted elastically, in such a way that it may cover the maximum path between A and B shown in Figure 5a. The bolt 14 has two slide bevels 25 on its end, which work together with the snap receiver 26.
[00461 In this embodiment, the bolt 14 snaps into the snap receiver 24 without locking in the normal state (Figure 5a). Here, the expression "without locking" meains that the door leaf remains held closed, but may be opened through a slight application of force co overcome the spring force, one of the bevels 25 sliding like a wedge on the snap receiver 24 depending on the movement direction and thr snap receiver 24 being pushed back atlthe same time.
[00471 When the door is open, the springs 26 schematically shown in the figure are in the relaxed state, and the snap receiver 24 is in position A. If the door is closed, the bolt 14 tapering onward abuts the outer edge of the snap receiver 24. Upon continued c'~losing of the door, the spring-loaded snap receiver 24 is pressed outward until the tip of the bolC 14 runs along the outer surface of the snap receiver 24 (position B). The schematically shown springs are maximally compressed at this position.
[0048) Furthermore, the bolt 14 then engages in the opening of the snap receiver 24. In this state, the springs of the snap receiver 24 are relaxed again (position A), and the door t5 kept closed.
However, the door i5 unlocked in this sL<1te and may be opened again at any time.
(00491 Under the effect of heat, the intumescent mW erial 1 Ei inserted into the sleeve body 12 expands, so that the bolt 14 is pushed somewhat out of the sleeve body 12 (see Figure Sb). At the same time, the bolt 14 compresses the springs of the snap receiver 24 (position B). Upon reaching this position, the springs may not be compressed further, so that the Boar may also no longer be opened simply by applying force.
(00501 Therefore, both the functions of a snap closure of a door and also a temperature-controlled lock in case of fire are achieved.
[,0006) The achievement of this object results from the features of the independent patent claims.
Advantageous embodiments and refinements of Che present invention are described in the subclaims.
100071 This object is achieved according to the present invention in that the emergency lock for a fire protection door and/or the smoke flap contains a bolt and a temperature-active means for bolt actuation.
(0008) The fire protection door is thus locked with the frame and/or the floor area, the lock being extended by the temperaturC-active means only in case of fire, however, and then automatically.
(00091 In addition to typical fire protection doors, the present invention is also very well suitable for use in revolving doors, and sliding doors for fire protection.
[00101 An alternative use of the temperature-active means according to the present invention is that the lock of smoke flaps is released using a temperature-active material. The smoke flaps may then be brought into the open position through spring loading, for example.
[0011] Preferably, multiple emergency locks are situated along the fire protection door. For this purpose, multiple emergency locks are attached similarly, in particular in the area of the corners of the fire protection door, since the bends occur most there in case; of fire.
In conCrlst to the related art, the fire protection door is thus locked in multiple points, particularly at its weak points. It is thus made possible for even lighter fire protection doors, made of aluminum, for example, to have a fire protection class having higher creep safety. furthermore, the emergency lock has been shown to be advantageous because it manages with only a few elements and is therefore cost-effective.
Nonetheless, the emergency lock operates very reliably, since it operates purely mechanically under the effect of heat, i.e., in case of fire. The emergency lock may operate independently of fire detectors, whose function may be unreliable in case of fire. Thus" for example, in a typical emergency lock, in which the emergency lock is operated in response to fire detectors, malfunctions may occur, since signal lines between the emergency lock and the fire detenors may be damaged (by the effect of fire, for example).
[0012] In an advantageous embodiment, the temperature-active means preferably expands under the effect of heat at 100'C to z50'C. It may thus be ensured that the fire protection door is also effectively and reliably locked only in case of actual fire. Malfunctions which may occur in connection with additionally provided fire detectors are thus avoided. It h<~s particularly also been shown to be advantageous that unnecessary locking of the tire protection door because of a false alarm may be precluded. Fire detectors frequently give a fire alarm although there is no fire. The causes for this in many cases are that the fire detectors do detect smoke andlor vapor, but this has arisen without a fire or due to a controlled (small) fire. In many devices, in particular in large kitchens, smoke or vapor often develops without a fire existing. In the event of a false alarm, Fire protection doors are then typically unnecessarily closed and locked and sometimes only unlocked again after a long period of time has passed. Such unnecessary lucking is particularly annoying, time-consuming, and therefore also costly in a working environment..
[0013] The temperature-active means is preferably an intumescE~nt material. An intumescent material is known from the related art. In case of fire, intumescent materials expand to approximately 5 to 10 times their original volume and form a stable and hard crust on their surface.
They are commercially available in the form of rod, strips, pasty spray compounds, paints, adhesives, etc. The current use of intumescent materials essentially comprises their use as cold and/or hot gas seals, i.e., in case of fire, the further propagation of hot smoke gases in the components sealed therewith, such as plastic pipes, and cable and ventilation shafts, is to be prevented.
(0014] In a further embodiment, the temperature-active means is a bimetallic spring. Such a spring comprises two parts, which are permanently bonded to one another, made of metal or metal alloys having different expansion coefficiEnts. In the event of temperature changes, the two parts change their dimensions to different extents. A shape and/or length change results through this difference.
[0015) The temperature-active means is preferably a shape-memory spring. Such a spring is mechanically deformed during heat treatment and returns to its original shape at normal temperature.
It has a shape-memory effect, i.e., the original shape is reproduced at normal temperature.
[0016] The embodiment in which the temperature-active means returns to the original state upon cooling has the advantage, for example, that the affected door may be opened again after cooling with extinguishing water, and rescue and extinguishing personnel receive access.
[0017] In a further embodiment, the temperature-active means provides a pyrotechnic effect.
(0018) In a further embodiment, the temperature-active means contains a rheological liquid.
Rheological liquids are distinguished in that their viscosity may br influenced in a targeted way in the range of multiple orders of magnitude through external electrical fields. This behavior is based on the structural changes within the liquid caused by the field. At sufficit~ntly large field strengths, typically of a few kV/mm, the viscosity of the rheological liquid increases within a few milliseconds enough that the liquid solidifies into an elastic solid and only begins to flow again above a specific mechanical load limit, the flow limit.
E0019) In a further embodiment, the temperature-alive means cnntains a plastic material. This material is to have a large path or volume change under the effect of heat.
(00201 In a further embodiment, the tempErature-active means is an electrochemical actuator which is activatable by a triggering device. In this embodiment, the electrochemical actuator is connected via signal lines to the triggering device, for example. The electrochemical actuator expands in response to a signal of the triggering device, through which the bolt extends and the fire protection door locks.
[U021 ] The triggering device is preferably a detector device and/or a switch.
The detector device may be a smoke alarm, for example, which automatically outputs an appropriate signal to the electrochemical actuator upon the detection of a fire. This actuator then actuates the bolt. The switch may be an Emergency switch, for example, which is provided in close proximity to the fire protection door. As soon as a fire is recognized, the emergency switch may be operated by a person.
Furthermore, the fire protection door may also be locked in the ~cvent further sources of danger exist, such as water entry, poisonous gases, etc. pocking may also occur in case of a break-in, the detector device then being implemented as a break-in detector, such as an IR light barrier, general person detector, glass breakage alarm, etc.
(0022] The emergency lock preferably also contains a pre-tension means, which is operationally linked to the boll, the pre-tension meatns being releasable by the temperature-active means.
Therefore, rapid and especially reliable locking is ensured in particular, since the bolt is inserted into the receiver more rapidly and with a higher force.
(0023) The pre-tension means preferably contains a pre-tensioned spring. fn an alternative embodiment, the pre-tension means contains a compressed fluid.
[00241 The emergency lock preferably also contains a heating element which outputs heat energy in response to signal of at least one triggering device, the temperature-active means expanding in response to this heat energy. The temperature-active means may thus be heated by remote control if there is an alarm of a fire alarm device or an "emergency close" function in the event of danger.
[0025] The emergency lock preferably also conW ins a snap closure, which contains the bolt and a snap receiver implemented for receiving the bolt, the snap closure being implemented in such a way that the bolt snaps into the snap receiver without locking in the normal state, and the bolt may be actuated by the temperature-active means under the effect of heat in such a way that the bolt is locked with the snap receiver.
s (00261 Therefore, in addition to the additionally attached bolts, which may he attached in a nearly arbitrary number to the doors, the automatic locking of the lock bolt may be designed using telescopically mounted bolts in connection with intumescent material, through which a temperaeurc-controlled self-locking lock is constructed. For this purpose, it is also advantageous that in IockEd doors, a temperature-controlled bolt extension is achieved, the main bolt receiving the pre-tension and the extension bolt thus being able Co extend without pre-tension.
(0027] The present invention will be explained further on the basis of an exemplary embodiment.
For this purpose, a drawing is attached to the description.
Therein;
Figure 1a shows an emergency lock in the normal .case in a cross sectional view in the longitudinal direction and in a three-dimensional illustration in an embodiment of the present invention, the emergency lock containing a temperature-active means which is an intumescent material, Figure 1 shows the emergency lock of Figure 1 a under b the effect of heat, Figure 2a shows an emergency lock in the normal case in a cross sectional view in the longitudinal direction and in a three-dimensional illustration in an embodiment of the present invention, the emergency lock containing a temperature-active means which is a bimetallic spring, Figure 2b shows the emergency lock of Figure 2a under the effect of heat, Figure 3a shows an emergency lock in the normal case in a cross sectional view in the longitudinal direction and in a three-dimensional illustration in an embodiment of the present invention, the emergency lock containing a temperature-active means which is a shape-memory spring, Figure 3b shows the emergency lock of Figure 3a under the effect of heat, Figure 4a shows an emergency lock in the normal case in a cross sectional view in the longitudinal direction and in a three-dimensional illustration in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4b shows the emergency lock of Figure 4~a under the effect of heat, Figure 5a shows an emergency lock in the normal case in a cross sectional view in the longitudinal direction and in a three-dimensional illustration in an embodiment of the present invention, the emergency lock also containing a snap closure, and Figure 5b showc the emergency lock of Figure 5a under the effect of heat, (0028] Figures 1a and 1b Each show an emergency lock 10 of a fire protection door (not shown) in the normal case and under the effect of heat. The emergency lock 10 has a bolt 14, which is mounted in a pocket hole recess in the fire protection door. The pocket hole is formed here by a hollow-cylindrical sleeve body 12 having a closed bottom 13, in which the bolt 14, implemented as a round bolt, is mounted so it is longitudinally displaceahle, the bolt 14 occupying the open cross-section of the sleeve body 12 and the sleeve body 12 being used as a bolt guide. In an embodiment which is not shown, the bolt may also be implemented as a pivot bolt.
[0029] A temperature-active means 16 is introduced between the one front face of the bolt 14 and the bottom 13 of the Sleeve body 12. In the normal state (see Figure 1 a), the temperature-active means 16 is in the compressed state. The term °normal state" indicates a state within a normal temperature range here. In th;s state, the front. end of the bolt 14 terminates flush with the front end of the sleeve body 12.
(0030] The emergency lock 10 may be installed in the rabbet of a door leaf, in a frame, or in the floor area of the fire protection dour, Only the introduction of a pocket hole in the door leaf or in the frame is required for the mounting. The sleeve body has a flange 11 having screw holes 1 S on its open end for attachment. In the normal state, the emergency lack 10 does not.
provide any locking function. The emergency lock 10 is mounted in such a way that it terminates flush with the mounting surface in the normzl C15C.
I00:~11 Figure 1b shows the emergency lock 10 under the effect of heat. The term "effect of heat"
means the presence of a fire in direct proximity to the fire protection door in this vase. In this case, temperatures above 100°C exist. Under ehis effect of heat, the temperature-active means 16 expands inside the sleeve body 12, through which the bolt 14 is pressed somewhat out of the sleeve body 12.
The front end of the bolt 14 travels into a bolt receiver (not shown) and thus locks the fire protection door in this case.
(0032] If the emergency lock 10 is attached to the rabbet of the door leaf, the front end of the bolt 14 may be inserted into a rece;ver attached to the frame or to the floor area of the fire protection door. ti the emergency lock 1 o is attached to thF frame or to the floor area of the fire protection door, the front end of the bolt 14 may be inserted into a receiver attached to the rabbet of the door leaf. In all cases, secure and reliable locking of the door leaf is provided. Probably, multiple emergency locks are attached namely, at points of the door leaf at which the door leaf may bend through duE to the effect of fire.
(0033] In this embodiment, an intumescent material 16, which expands under the effect of heat, is used as the temperature-active means. nn intumesccnt material which expands at a temperature of greater than 100°C is preferably to be used.
(U034] Figures 2a and 2h each show an emergency lock 10 in Che normal case and under the effect of heat. This emergency lock 10 again has a boll 14 and a sleeve body 12.
Identical parts are provided with identical reference numbers as in the emergency lock 10 described above. In this embodiment, the emergency lock 10 contains a temperature-active means which is a spiral-shaped bimetallic spring 18, which is inserted between the bottom 13 of the sleeve body 12 and the bolt 14.
(00351 In the normal case (see Figure 2a), the bimetallic spring 1 t3 is compressed and the front end of the bolt 14 terminates flush with the front end of the sleeve body 12.
10036] Under the effect of heat (see Figure 2b) the bimetallir spring 18 is in the expanded state, through which it presses the bolt 14 somewhat out. of the sleeve body 12.
(00371 Figures 3a and 3b show an emergency lock 1o in the normal case and under the effect of heat. this emergency lock 10 again has a bolt 14 and a sleeve body 12.
Identical parts as in the emergency lock 10 described above are provided with identical reference numbers. In this embodiment, the emergency lock 10 contains a shape-memory spring 20 as a temperature active means, which is implemented as a three-legged leaf spring here. The leaf spring has two outer legs 19 and an inner leg 21 lying between them, which are connected at their base. In the normal case, the outer legs 19 and the inner leg 21 are in one plane. Under the effect of temperature, the outer legs 19 and the inner leg 21 spread out in a V-shape. If a two-way shape-memory spring is used, it adopts its original shape again upon cooling.
100381 The free ends of the shape-memory spring 20 are inserl:ed between the bottom 13 of the sleevC body 12 and the bolt 14 via an opening 23 in the cylinder mantle of the sleeve body 20.
[0039] In the normal case (see Figure 3a), the shape-memory spring 20 is compressed and the front end of the bolt 14 terminates flush wish the front end of the sleeve body 12.
[0040] Under the effect of heat (see Figure 3b), the shape-memory spring 20 is in the expanded state, through which it presses the boll 14 somewhat out of the sleeve body 12.
(00a1) Figures 4a and 4b each show a further embodiment of an emergency lock 10 for a lock in the normal case (Figure 4a) and under the effect of heat (Figure 4b). In this embodiment, a lock bolt 14 is implemented as a two-part, rectangular flat bolt. It comprises a bolt shaft 6, which interacts via teeth 7 with a lock mechanism (not shown) for the bolt actuation. A. main bolt 8 is implemented !n an extension of the bolt shaft 6, on which a bolt extension 9 is mounted so it is displaceable telescopically along the bolt path. The bolt extension 9 is guided like a cap on the tapered free end 5 of the main bolt 8. In other words, the bolt extension 9 forms a sleeve body 12' around the tapered e:nd 5 of the main bolt 8. A temperature-active means is situated between the floor 13 of the bolt extension 9 and the front side of the tapered end 5.
(0042] !n this embodiment, an ineumescent material 16 is also used as the temperature-active means, which expands under the effect of heat. Preferably, an intumescent material which expands al a temperature of greater than 100°C is to be used.
X0043] Therefore, the automatic locking of the lock bolt may also be designed in connection with inlumescent material, through which a temperature-controlled self-locking lock is constructed. For this purpose, it is advantageous in this case that when fire protection doors arc locked, i.e., when main bolt 8 is extended, the bolt. extension 9 is actuated, the main bolt 8 absorbing the pre-tension and the bolt extension 9 thus being able to extend without pre-tension.
[0044] Figures 5a and Sb each show a further embodiment of an emergency lock 10 in the normal case (Figure Sa) and under the effect of heat (Figure Sb).
(00451 In this embodiment, the emergency loclc 10 also has a snap closure 22, which comprises the holt 14 and a snap receiver 24 implemented for receiving the bolt 14. The snap receiver 24 is mounted elastically, in such a way that it may cover the maximum path between A and B shown in Figure 5a. The bolt 14 has two slide bevels 25 on its end, which work together with the snap receiver 26.
[00461 In this embodiment, the bolt 14 snaps into the snap receiver 24 without locking in the normal state (Figure 5a). Here, the expression "without locking" meains that the door leaf remains held closed, but may be opened through a slight application of force co overcome the spring force, one of the bevels 25 sliding like a wedge on the snap receiver 24 depending on the movement direction and thr snap receiver 24 being pushed back atlthe same time.
[00471 When the door is open, the springs 26 schematically shown in the figure are in the relaxed state, and the snap receiver 24 is in position A. If the door is closed, the bolt 14 tapering onward abuts the outer edge of the snap receiver 24. Upon continued c'~losing of the door, the spring-loaded snap receiver 24 is pressed outward until the tip of the bolC 14 runs along the outer surface of the snap receiver 24 (position B). The schematically shown springs are maximally compressed at this position.
[0048) Furthermore, the bolt 14 then engages in the opening of the snap receiver 24. In this state, the springs of the snap receiver 24 are relaxed again (position A), and the door t5 kept closed.
However, the door i5 unlocked in this sL<1te and may be opened again at any time.
(00491 Under the effect of heat, the intumescent mW erial 1 Ei inserted into the sleeve body 12 expands, so that the bolt 14 is pushed somewhat out of the sleeve body 12 (see Figure Sb). At the same time, the bolt 14 compresses the springs of the snap receiver 24 (position B). Upon reaching this position, the springs may not be compressed further, so that the Boar may also no longer be opened simply by applying force.
(00501 Therefore, both the functions of a snap closure of a door and also a temperature-controlled lock in case of fire are achieved.
Claims (20)
1. An emergency lock (10) for a fire protection door having a bolt (14) and a temperature-active means (16, 18, 20) for belt actuation.
2. The emergency lock according to Claim 1, characterized in that a lock bolt is implemented in two parts having a main bolt (8) and a bolt extension (9), the bolt extension (9) is situated so it is longitudinally displaceable on the free end of the main bolt (8), and the temperature-active means (16, 28, 20) is situated between the main bolt (8) and the bolt extension (9).
3. A release for a smoke flap, which is held removably in the "closed"
position using a bolt, characterized in that it has a temperature-active means, using which the belt may be brought into its "open"
position.
position using a bolt, characterized in that it has a temperature-active means, using which the belt may be brought into its "open"
position.
4. The device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that multiple emergency locks (10) are positioned along the first protection door.
5. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that.
the temperature-active means (16, 18, 20) expands under the effect of heat and moves the bolt (14) into a correspondingly provided receiver for locking at the same time.
the temperature-active means (16, 18, 20) expands under the effect of heat and moves the bolt (14) into a correspondingly provided receiver for locking at the same time.
6. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature-active means (16, 18, 20) expands under the effect of heat at preferably 100°C to 250°C.
7. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature-active means is an intumescent material (16).
8. The device according to one of Claims 1 through 7, characterized in that the temperature-active means is a bimetallic spring (18),
9. The device according to one of Claims 1 through 7, characterized in that the temperature-active means is a shape-memory spring (20).
10. The device according to one of Claims 1 through 7, characterized in that the temperature-active means provides a pyrotechnic effect.
11. The device according to one of Claims 1 through 7, characterized in that the temperature-alive means contains a rheological liquid.
12. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature-active means contains a plastic material.
13. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature-active means is an electrochemical actuator, which is activatable by a triggering device.
14. The device according to Claim 13, characterized in that the triggering device is a detector device and/or a switch.
15. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also contains a pre-tension means, which is operationally linked to the bolt (14), the pre-tension means being unlockable by the temperature-active means.
16. The device according to Claim 15, characterized in that the pre-tension means contains a pre-tensioned spring.
17. The device according to Claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the pre-tension means contains a compressed fluid.
18. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also contains a heating element, which outputs heat energy in response to a signal of at least one triggering device, the temperature-active means (16, 18, 20) expanding in response to this heat energy.
19. The device according to one of Claims 1, 2, and 4 through 18, characterized in that it also contains a snap closure (22), which contains the bolt (14) and a snap receiver (24) implemented to receive the bolt (14), the snap closure (22) being implemented in such a way that the bolt (14) snaps into the snap receiver (24) without locking in the normal state, and the bolt (14) may be actuated under the effect of heat by the temperature-active means (16, 18,
20) in such a way that the bolt (14) is locked with the snap receiver (24).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200510009996 DE102005009996A1 (en) | 2005-03-06 | 2005-03-06 | Emergency lock for a fireproof door comprises a locking bar and a temperature-active device for actuating the locking bar |
| DE102005009996.3 | 2005-03-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2538437A1 true CA2538437A1 (en) | 2006-09-06 |
Family
ID=36463534
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2538437 Abandoned CA2538437A1 (en) | 2005-03-06 | 2006-03-03 | Emergency lock for a fire protection door and release for a smoke flap |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1707714A3 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2538437A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102005009996A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150013998A1 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2015-01-15 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Thermally actuated dryer door lock |
| US8979143B1 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-03-17 | I-Tek Metal Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Fire bolt assembly for a door |
| US20220074235A1 (en) * | 2020-09-05 | 2022-03-10 | Ryan Joongi Cho | Automatic door opening device using thermal expansion of shape memory alloy |
| US11332960B2 (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2022-05-17 | Trine Access Technology | Electrically operated door strike with thermally responsive element |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009010924A1 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-09 | Stöbich Brandschutz GmbH | Fire retardant closure device |
| CN102220829A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2011-10-19 | 支亮 | Fireproof door |
| LT5871B (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-09-25 | Remigijus Guobys | Door lock thermal pin |
| CN107080915A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-08-22 | 中国航天建设集团有限公司 | Active suppression device |
| CN107084413A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-08-22 | 中国航天建设集团有限公司 | Range hood with active suppression device |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE7626523U1 (en) * | 1976-08-25 | 1981-02-05 | 8890 Aichach | FIRE PROTECTION DOOR |
| DE3239177A1 (en) * | 1982-10-22 | 1984-05-03 | Dictator Technik - Ruef & Co, 8902 Neusäß | Fire resisting door |
| DE3523585A1 (en) * | 1985-07-02 | 1987-01-15 | Dieter Beikirch | Apparatus for releasing opening devices for domelights, smoke-outlet flaps or the like |
| US5121950A (en) * | 1991-04-23 | 1992-06-16 | The Stanley Works | Heat activated spring loaded locking bolt for hinged doors and door assemblies employing same |
| FR2686856B1 (en) * | 1992-02-03 | 1994-03-18 | Messier Bugatti | LOCKING DEVICE FOR LOCKING, IN THE UPPER TRAIN POSITION, OF AN AIRCRAFT LANDING TRAIN. |
| US5380053A (en) * | 1993-07-26 | 1995-01-10 | F. L. Saino Manufacturing Co. | Intumescent fire door lock mechanism |
| GB2289497B (en) * | 1994-05-17 | 1998-03-04 | Lorient Polyprod Ltd | Lock and seal assembly |
| DE19601230C2 (en) * | 1996-01-15 | 2002-03-21 | Zangenstein Elektro | door lock |
| GB2321492A (en) * | 1997-01-22 | 1998-07-29 | Anthony Elworthy | Thermally actuated bolt |
| DE19801752C1 (en) * | 1998-01-20 | 1999-05-12 | Dorma Gmbh & Co Kg | Locking device for emergency exit doors |
| DE10007552A1 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2001-09-06 | Esco Metallbaubeschlag Handel Gmbh | Locking mechanism for fireproof structures has sprung engaging element between profile and counter profile, connection and screw |
| DE20012996U1 (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2000-11-02 | Promat Gmbh | Fire door |
| DE10321802B4 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2012-09-13 | Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg | Safety device for a door, in particular fire door or the like |
-
2005
- 2005-03-06 DE DE200510009996 patent/DE102005009996A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2006
- 2006-03-01 EP EP06004164A patent/EP1707714A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-03 CA CA 2538437 patent/CA2538437A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150013998A1 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2015-01-15 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Thermally actuated dryer door lock |
| US10612274B2 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2020-04-07 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Thermally actuated dryer door lock |
| US8979143B1 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-03-17 | I-Tek Metal Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Fire bolt assembly for a door |
| US20150084349A1 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-03-26 | I-Tek Metal Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Fire Bolt Assembly for a Door |
| US11332960B2 (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2022-05-17 | Trine Access Technology | Electrically operated door strike with thermally responsive element |
| US20220074235A1 (en) * | 2020-09-05 | 2022-03-10 | Ryan Joongi Cho | Automatic door opening device using thermal expansion of shape memory alloy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1707714A3 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
| EP1707714A2 (en) | 2006-10-04 |
| DE102005009996A1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
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