CA2415605A1 - Apparatus for measuring an extended length of a multi-section telescopic boom - Google Patents

Apparatus for measuring an extended length of a multi-section telescopic boom Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2415605A1
CA2415605A1 CA 2415605 CA2415605A CA2415605A1 CA 2415605 A1 CA2415605 A1 CA 2415605A1 CA 2415605 CA2415605 CA 2415605 CA 2415605 A CA2415605 A CA 2415605A CA 2415605 A1 CA2415605 A1 CA 2415605A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
section
sections
laser
target
boom
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA 2415605
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jeffrey V.R. Crane
Mark W. Holt
Mike Nachai
Thomas D. Bilodeau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Load & A-2-B Co Inc
Original Assignee
THE LOAD & A-2-B COMPANY INC.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by THE LOAD & A-2-B COMPANY INC. filed Critical THE LOAD & A-2-B COMPANY INC.
Priority to CA 2415605 priority Critical patent/CA2415605A1/en
Publication of CA2415605A1 publication Critical patent/CA2415605A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/88Safety gear
    • B66C23/90Devices for indicating or limiting lifting moment
    • B66C23/905Devices for indicating or limiting lifting moment electrical
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus for measuring an extended length of a multi-section telescopic boom. The apparatus includes a telescopic boom having at least three sections. One section is of a fixed length. The remaining, at least two sections, are telescopically extendable. A signal generator is mounted on one of the sections. A target is mounted on an adjacent one of the sections. The distance from the signal generator to the target is measured. A processor is provided which is adapted to receive data regarding the distance from the signal generator to the target and extrapolate the data using a known relationship between the telescopic sections to calculate the extended length of the telescopic boom.

Description

TITLE OF THE INVENTION:
Apparatus For Measuring An Extended Length of A Multi-Section Telescopic Boom FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring an extended length of a multi-section telescopic boom.
gp,CKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Cranes and heavy lifting equipment that use multi-section telescopic booms rely upon microprocessor based electronics known as "Load Movement Indicators" (LMI) to monitor lifting operations to prevent dangerous conditions leading to overloading and tipping. Among the many inputs, LMI need data regarding live load weight, boom angle, and the extended length of the boom. The data received is inserted into complex algorithms used to calculate and assess the safety of boom operation.
The traditional method for measuring boom length is with a cable reel system. A cable is run t:he length of the boom.
As the boom extends and retracts, the cable is pulled out or pushed in by the boom. The cable length is measured, typically with potentiometers or encoders, to determine boom length. Cable reel technology is plagued with cumbersome installation and mechanical reliability issues.
SUi~!'ARY OF THE INVENTION
What is required is a more reliable apparatus for accurately determining an extended boom length of a multi-section telescopic boom.
According to the present invention there is provided a ' CA 02415605 2003-O1-06 combination apparatus for measuring an extended length of a multi-section telescopic boom. The r_ombination includes a telescopic boom having at least three sections. One section is of a fixed length. The remaining, at least two sections, are telescopically extendable. A signal generator is mounted on one of the sections . A target is mounted on an adj acent one of the sections. Means are provided for accurately computing a distance from the signal generator t:o the target. A processor is provided which is adapted to receive data regarding the distance from the signal generator to the target and extrapolate the data using a known relationship between the telescopic sections to calculate the extended length of the telescopic boom.
With the apparatus, as described above, only a portion of the length of the boom need be accurately measured. The actual measurement is then extrapolated using the known relationship between the telescopic sections. Various technologies can be used as signal generators. The use of a laser is preferred, as it tends to be more accurate than other technologies, such as acoustic.
It is preferred that the signal generator be mounted to the section of a fixed length and the target mounted to an adjacent one of the telescopically extendable sections. The reason for this is that the tip of the boom extends into obstacle filled areas while lifting loads. Keeping the apparatus next to the fixed end of the boom, reduces (if not eliminating entirely) risk of the apparatus becoming damaged during use.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
These and other features of the invention will become more apparent from the following description in which reference is made to the appended drawings, the drawings are for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to in any way limit the scope of the invention to the particular embodiment or embodiments shown, wherein:
THE FIGURE is a side elevation view of an apparatus for measuring an extended length of a mufti-section telescopic boom constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The preferred embodiment, an apparatus for measuring an extended length of a mufti-section telescopic boom ("apparatus") generally identified by reference numeral 10, will now be described with reference to THE FIGURE
Structure and Relationship of Parts:
Apparatus 10 is a combination which includes a telescopic boom 12. Telescopic boom 12 has three sections: a fixed length first section 14, a telescopically extendable second section 16 and a telescopically extendable third section 18. It will be understood that a telescopic boom with three sections has been chosen for the purpose of illustration. Telescopic boom 12 can also be constructed with more than three sections. Each of the sections has a first end 20 and a second end 22. First end 20 of fixed length first section 14 is attached to a base 24. The relationship between the relative extension positions of each of the at least three sections is pre-determined. A laser 26 is mounted at second end 22 of fixed length first section 14.
Further, a light sensor 28, adapted to sense a light beam 30, is also mounted at second end 22 of first section 14. A
reflective laser target 32 is mounted at second end 22 of telescopically extendable second section 16. A processor 34 adapted with an integral timer for measuring light, is mounted near laser 16 and light sensor 28 such that the transfer of data from laser 16 and light sensor 28 to processor 34 is facilitated.
Operation:
The use and operation of apparatus 10 will now be described with reference to THE FIGTJRE ~ An operator of telescopic boom 12, who needs accurate information as to how far it is extended, will initiate apparatus 10. Laser 26, mounted at second end 22 of fixed length first section 14, sends a light beam 30 towards reflective laser target 32 which is mounted at second end 22 of telescopically extendable second section 16. Light beam 30 is, in turn, reflected back to light sensor 28. Depending upon the amount of extension, the distance light beam 30 travels will vary accordingly. The information from light sensor 28 and laser 26 is relayed to processor 34 which extrapolates the data along with the predetermined relationship between the relative extension positioning of each of the three sections, and arrives at a distance measurement. Upon reading the information, an operator can accurately adjust the boom length to suit the circumstances.
Comments:
Distance is determined from time of flight as in acoustical methods, but the beam travels at the speed of light, which is far more consistent and predictable than the speed of sound. The beam is clearly visible and highly focused, which makes the system easy to install and accurate to within millimeters. In addition,. by using specific mechanical positioning techniques, and by taking advantage of unique geometrical properties of telescopic boom cranes along with the performance of the laser, this technology is far more accurate and predictable than any other technique.

For the three section boom as shown in THE FIGURE, the two upper sections extend or retract, while the bottom portion is a fixed length. It has been observed that most 5 variants of telescopic boom cranes extend or retract the boom in a proportional fashion. In other words, each of the telescoping sections move by exactly identical amounts. For example, if the crane as illustrated in THE FIGURE was to extend its overall boom length by ten feet, this would be accomplished by extending the top section exactly five feet and the middle section exactly five feet, with both sections extending simultaneously. This has important significance because it means the overall boom length can be determined at any time by measuring the length of only the lowest telescoping section (ie: telescopically extendable second section 16). Changes in length of the lowest telescopic section provide the length changes of all the other telescopic sections, and hence of the overall boom itself.
It is otherwise possible to determine the overall boom length by measuring the individual boom sections and then summing them.
BOOM LENGTH = Ll + L2 + L3 where Ll, L2, and L3 are lengths of the lowest, middle, and highest boom sections respectively. Again, the middle section is the lowesi~ telescopic section.
Alternately, using the proportionality property discussed above, one may install a distance measuring laser such that only changes in the length of the lowest telescopic boom section are measured. Suppose the boom is positioned at some arbitrary known calibration length BLS
and a laser measurement LASER~L is performed at this length.
If the boom was then extended to some other length and another laser measurement was taken, this second laser measurement would differ from th.e calibration laser measurement as:
LASER - LASER~AL
but because the proportionality property exists, the change in overall boom length must equal the difference in laser readings multiplied by the number of telescoping sections:
(LASER - LASER~AL) (TS) where TS is the number of telescoping sections. Therefore, the new overall boom length is this change in overall boom length added to the calibration overall boom length:
BL = BL~L + (LASER - LASER~L)(TS) With this knowledge, overall boom length determination at any time requires one live laser measurement and only two additional pieces of information.
1. Number of telescopic proportional boom sections.
2. A single calibration point (laser measurement at a known overall boom length).
The advantages of this novel boom length measurement approach are apparent. Keeping the laser measurement equipment on the lowest telescopic portion and far away from the boom tip has numerous benefits.
1. The problem of laser target misalignment due to boom flexing under heavy loads is virtually eliminated because the vast majority of the flex occurs on the thinner upper boom sections, not on the more rigid lowest telescopic section where the laser target is mounted.
2. By mounting all the laser equipment on the lower part of the boom and underneath the boom, it is protected from obstructions and physical damage thereof, since only the boom tip will extend into the obstacle filled areas while lifting loads.
3. Typically when operating cranes in hazardous locations near explosive gases, the dangerous areas are usually located at the boom tip and not near the cab of the crane.
The described measurement technique is therefore compatible with most Class I Div I Intrinsically Safe installations.
4. Although volumes of information support the safety of laser based distance measurement because of the low power levels and short pulse duration, safety is further enhanced because the laser beam is better contained between the laser and the target due to the shorter measurement distance and reduced likelihood of target misalignment.
5. Lasers have a large performance margin when used over shorter distances because they are capable of measuring to thousands of feet. This margin allows greater confidence when operating the crane in dusty or wet areas, as the laser will continue operating through moderate amounts of dust and rain.
6. The problem of laser misreading in direct sunlight is eliminated because the close target acts to block the sun from the emitter when the laser is pointed directly at the sun.

° CA 02415605 2003-O1-06 In this patent document, the word "comprising" is used in its non-limiting sense to mean that items following the word are included, but items not specifically mentioned are not excluded. A reference to an element by the indefinite article "a" does not exclude the possibility that more than one of the element is present, unless the context clearly requires that there be one and only one of the elements.
It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the illustrated embodiment without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter defined in the Claims.

Claims (4)

1. An apparatus for measuring an extended length of a multi-section telescopic boom, comprising in combination:
a telescopic boom having at least three sections including one section of a fixed length and at least two telescopically extendable sections;
a signal generator mounted on one of the at least three sections;
a target mounted on an adjacent one of the at least three sections:
means for accurately computing a distance from the signal generator to the target;
a processor adapted to receive data regarding the distance from the signal generator to the target and extrapolate the data using a known relationship between the at least two telescopic sections to calculate the extended length of the telescopic boom.
2. The Apparatus as defined in Claim 1, wherein the signal generator is a laser.
3. The Apparatus as defined in Claim 1, wherein each of the at least three sections has a first end and a second end, the signal generator being mounted to a second end of the section of a fixed length and the target being mounted to a second end of an adjacent one of the at least two telescopically extendable sections.
4. An apparatus for measuring an extended length of a multi-section telescopic boom, comprising in combination:

a telescopic boom having at least three sections including a fixed length first section, a telescopically extendable second section and a telescopically extendable third section, there being a known relationship between the relative extension positioning of the third section as the second section is extended, each of the at least three sections having a first end and a second end;
a laser mounted at the second end of the first section;
a reflective laser target mounted at a second end of the second section;
a light sensor mounting at the second end of the second section adapted to sense a beam of light reflected from the laser target;
a processor including an integral timer for measuring a time interval that it takes for the beam of light to travel from the laser to the laser target and be reflected back to the light sensor, the processor accurately computing a distance from the laser to the target and extrapolating the data using a known relationship between the third section and the second section to calculate the extended length of the telescopic boom.
CA 2415605 2003-01-06 2003-01-06 Apparatus for measuring an extended length of a multi-section telescopic boom Abandoned CA2415605A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA 2415605 CA2415605A1 (en) 2003-01-06 2003-01-06 Apparatus for measuring an extended length of a multi-section telescopic boom

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA 2415605 CA2415605A1 (en) 2003-01-06 2003-01-06 Apparatus for measuring an extended length of a multi-section telescopic boom

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2415605A1 true CA2415605A1 (en) 2004-07-06

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITBO20090588A1 (en) * 2009-09-16 2011-03-17 A M A S P A OPERATING MACHINE
CN103523669A (en) * 2013-10-08 2014-01-22 中国十九冶集团有限公司 Crane and method for measuring and calculating height of boom of crane
CN103673922A (en) * 2013-12-12 2014-03-26 中联重科股份有限公司 Contour detection method for crane boom
CN104457654A (en) * 2014-10-29 2015-03-25 中联重科股份有限公司 Telescopic arm telescopic combination state detection method, device and system and engineering machinery
CN110165837A (en) * 2019-06-21 2019-08-23 徐州天泓传动设备有限公司 A kind of electric push rod travel measuring device
CN110422776A (en) * 2019-08-14 2019-11-08 三一汽车起重机械有限公司 A kind of crane arm and crane
CN111547633A (en) * 2020-05-11 2020-08-18 菏泽学院 Telescopic device of crane
CN113063381A (en) * 2021-03-12 2021-07-02 三一汽车起重机械有限公司 Crane arm length measuring method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium
CN118289653A (en) * 2024-06-05 2024-07-05 江苏苏港智能装备产业创新中心有限公司 Arm support active anti-collision control method and system based on multi-laser radar fusion technology

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITBO20090588A1 (en) * 2009-09-16 2011-03-17 A M A S P A OPERATING MACHINE
CN103523669A (en) * 2013-10-08 2014-01-22 中国十九冶集团有限公司 Crane and method for measuring and calculating height of boom of crane
CN103523669B (en) * 2013-10-08 2015-09-16 中国十九冶集团有限公司 Crane and method for measuring and calculating height of boom of crane
CN103673922B (en) * 2013-12-12 2016-03-30 中联重科股份有限公司 Contour detection method for crane boom
CN103673922A (en) * 2013-12-12 2014-03-26 中联重科股份有限公司 Contour detection method for crane boom
CN104457654B (en) * 2014-10-29 2017-08-29 中联重科股份有限公司 Telescopic arm telescopic combination state detection method, device and system and engineering machinery
CN104457654A (en) * 2014-10-29 2015-03-25 中联重科股份有限公司 Telescopic arm telescopic combination state detection method, device and system and engineering machinery
CN110165837A (en) * 2019-06-21 2019-08-23 徐州天泓传动设备有限公司 A kind of electric push rod travel measuring device
CN110422776A (en) * 2019-08-14 2019-11-08 三一汽车起重机械有限公司 A kind of crane arm and crane
CN111547633A (en) * 2020-05-11 2020-08-18 菏泽学院 Telescopic device of crane
CN111547633B (en) * 2020-05-11 2022-03-29 菏泽学院 Telescopic device of crane
CN113063381A (en) * 2021-03-12 2021-07-02 三一汽车起重机械有限公司 Crane arm length measuring method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium
CN118289653A (en) * 2024-06-05 2024-07-05 江苏苏港智能装备产业创新中心有限公司 Arm support active anti-collision control method and system based on multi-laser radar fusion technology
CN118289653B (en) * 2024-06-05 2024-10-08 江苏苏港智能装备产业创新中心有限公司 Arm support active anti-collision control method and system based on multi-laser radar fusion technology

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