CA2404316A1 - Maintenance of oil production and refining equipment - Google Patents
Maintenance of oil production and refining equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2404316A1 CA2404316A1 CA002404316A CA2404316A CA2404316A1 CA 2404316 A1 CA2404316 A1 CA 2404316A1 CA 002404316 A CA002404316 A CA 002404316A CA 2404316 A CA2404316 A CA 2404316A CA 2404316 A1 CA2404316 A1 CA 2404316A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- asphaltene
- solvent
- asphaltenes
- petroleum
- vessel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000012169 petroleum derived wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 235000019381 petroleum wax Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000005529 alkyleneoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- FEXQDZTYJVXMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropyl benzoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FEXQDZTYJVXMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004417 unsaturated alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- -1 naphtha Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 15
- VUHMHACHBVTPMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonyl benzoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VUHMHACHBVTPMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940106004 2-ethylhexyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- UADWUILHKRXHMM-ZDUSSCGKSA-N benzoflex 181 Natural products CCCC[C@H](CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UADWUILHKRXHMM-ZDUSSCGKSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDEHGQOUMOLWCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecyl benzoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BDEHGQOUMOLWCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UADWUILHKRXHMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl benzoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UADWUILHKRXHMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007824 aliphatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005652 polyisobutylene succinic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003738 xylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[6-[4-(5-chloro-6-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-5-methyl-3-(1-methylindazol-5-yl)pyrazol-1-yl]-2-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound ClC=1C(=C2C=NNC2=CC=1C)C=1C(=NN(C=1C)C1CC2(CN(C2)C(C=C)=O)C1)C=1C=C2C=NN(C2=CC=1)C AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMIIGOLPHOKFCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenylpropionic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 XMIIGOLPHOKFCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQRAKZNPOQDOKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)OC(C)C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)OCC Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)OC(C)C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)OCC XQRAKZNPOQDOKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004129 EU approved improving agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UUGLJVMIFJNVFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexyl benzoate Chemical class CCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UUGLJVMIFJNVFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940123973 Oxygen scavenger Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QLACLEPYLWLNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrocinnamic acid Natural products COc1ccc(CCC(O)=O)c(O)c1OC QLACLEPYLWLNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010771 distillate fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012260 resinous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002455 scale inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/52—Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning
- C09K8/524—Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning organic depositions, e.g. paraffins or asphaltenes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB0007830.3A GB0007830D0 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2000-03-31 | Maintenance of oil production and refining equipment |
| GB0007830.3 | 2000-03-31 | ||
| US20503100P | 2000-05-18 | 2000-05-18 | |
| US60/205,031 | 2000-05-18 | ||
| PCT/GB2001/001382 WO2001074966A1 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2001-03-28 | Maintenance of oil production and refining equipment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2404316A1 true CA2404316A1 (en) | 2001-10-11 |
Family
ID=26244002
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002404316A Abandoned CA2404316A1 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2001-03-28 | Maintenance of oil production and refining equipment |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1276828A1 (pt) |
| JP (1) | JP2004509172A (pt) |
| CN (1) | CN1429262A (pt) |
| AR (1) | AR028524A1 (pt) |
| AU (1) | AU2001244321A1 (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR0109728A (pt) |
| CA (1) | CA2404316A1 (pt) |
| EA (1) | EA004278B1 (pt) |
| MX (1) | MXPA02009674A (pt) |
| NO (1) | NO20024638L (pt) |
| TW (1) | TW546370B (pt) |
| WO (1) | WO2001074966A1 (pt) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030213747A1 (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2003-11-20 | Carbonell Ruben G. | Methods and compositions for removing residues and substances from substrates using environmentally friendly solvents |
| CA2791021A1 (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-09-01 | Rhodia Operations | Systems and methods for evaluating asphaltene deposition inhibitors |
| US9106194B2 (en) | 2010-06-14 | 2015-08-11 | Sony Corporation | Regulation of audio volume and/or rate responsive to user applied pressure and related methods |
| MX337888B (es) * | 2010-06-28 | 2016-03-09 | Geo Estratos S A De C V | Compuesto aditivo para petroleo manejador de asfaltenos. |
| CN102321464B (zh) * | 2011-07-15 | 2013-04-24 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 用于高含水期油井缓蚀阻垢剂 |
| JP6185579B2 (ja) | 2012-07-04 | 2017-08-23 | マレル・ミート・プロセッシング・ベー・フェー | 四肢屠畜動物の枝肉または枝肉の部位を運搬するためのシステム |
| US9921205B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2018-03-20 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Method for determining the effectiveness of asphaltene dispersant additives for inhibiting or preventing asphaltene precipitation in a hydrocarbon-containing material subjected to elevated temperature and presssure conditions |
| CN105339585A (zh) * | 2013-06-27 | 2016-02-17 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 对由沥青质造成的井孔和生产管线的堵塞的修复 |
| US10759990B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2020-09-01 | Wilmar Trading Pte Ltd. | Use of olefinic ester compositions in oil and gas fields |
| WO2015108872A1 (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2015-07-23 | Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. | Olefinic ester compositions and their use as cleaning agents |
| US10081760B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2018-09-25 | Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. | Olefinic ester compositions and their use in stimulating hydrocarbon production from a subterranean formation |
| US11053430B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2021-07-06 | Wilmar Trading Pte Ltd. | Olefinic ester compositions and their use in stimulating hydrocarbon production from a subterranean formation |
| US10907473B2 (en) | 2017-11-14 | 2021-02-02 | Chevron U.S.A., Inc. | Low volume in-line filtration methods for analyzing hydrocarbon-containing fluid to evaluate asphaltene content and behavior during production operations |
| US20240117238A1 (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2024-04-11 | Championx Llc | Extended release asphaltene inhibitor composition |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2786085A (en) * | 1952-08-20 | 1957-03-19 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Solvent extraction process applied to feed stocks of high boiling points |
| US3693720A (en) * | 1971-01-29 | 1972-09-26 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Crude oil recovery method using a polymeric wax inhibitor |
| US5425422A (en) * | 1993-09-21 | 1995-06-20 | Noranda Inc. | Process for removing and preventing near-wellbore damage due to asphaltene precipitation |
| US6187172B1 (en) * | 1999-05-24 | 2001-02-13 | Marathon Oil Company | Viscosity reduction of crude oils and residuums |
-
2001
- 2001-03-15 TW TW90106069A patent/TW546370B/zh active
- 2001-03-26 AR ARP010101414A patent/AR028524A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-03-28 AU AU2001244321A patent/AU2001244321A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-28 CA CA002404316A patent/CA2404316A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-28 JP JP2001572643A patent/JP2004509172A/ja active Pending
- 2001-03-28 CN CN 01808222 patent/CN1429262A/zh active Pending
- 2001-03-28 MX MXPA02009674A patent/MXPA02009674A/es unknown
- 2001-03-28 BR BR0109728-8A patent/BR0109728A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-03-28 EA EA200201028A patent/EA004278B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-03-28 EP EP01917236A patent/EP1276828A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-28 WO PCT/GB2001/001382 patent/WO2001074966A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2002
- 2002-09-27 NO NO20024638A patent/NO20024638L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EA200201028A1 (ru) | 2003-04-24 |
| AU2001244321A1 (en) | 2001-10-15 |
| AR028524A1 (es) | 2003-05-14 |
| JP2004509172A (ja) | 2004-03-25 |
| NO20024638D0 (no) | 2002-09-27 |
| CN1429262A (zh) | 2003-07-09 |
| NO20024638L (no) | 2002-11-19 |
| EA004278B1 (ru) | 2004-02-26 |
| WO2001074966A1 (en) | 2001-10-11 |
| MXPA02009674A (es) | 2003-05-27 |
| TW546370B (en) | 2003-08-11 |
| BR0109728A (pt) | 2003-02-04 |
| EP1276828A1 (en) | 2003-01-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |