CA2400046A1 - Chromium-based catalysts and processes for converting hydrocarbons to synthesis gas - Google Patents
Chromium-based catalysts and processes for converting hydrocarbons to synthesis gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2400046A1 CA2400046A1 CA002400046A CA2400046A CA2400046A1 CA 2400046 A1 CA2400046 A1 CA 2400046A1 CA 002400046 A CA002400046 A CA 002400046A CA 2400046 A CA2400046 A CA 2400046A CA 2400046 A1 CA2400046 A1 CA 2400046A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- composition
- chromium
- catalyst
- oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 236
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 25
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 258
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 142
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 141
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 125
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical group O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QORWLRPWMJEJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [Ta+5].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] QORWLRPWMJEJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZGSOBQAJAUGRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] ZGSOBQAJAUGRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- CZMAIROVPAYCMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+) Chemical compound [La+3] CZMAIROVPAYCMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001922 gold oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 79
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 59
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 49
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 20
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 11
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 10
- FVQGNKROUPZXBL-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromium(2+);acetate;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Cr+2].CC([O-])=O FVQGNKROUPZXBL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- -1 e.g. Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 7
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 6
- CRGZYKWWYNQGEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;methanolate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C.[O-]C CRGZYKWWYNQGEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010499 C–H functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- JOSWYUNQBRPBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium dichromate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O JOSWYUNQBRPBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium nitrate Inorganic materials [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+3].[Cr+3] UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005839 oxidative dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003803 Gold(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910019092 Mg-O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910019395 Mg—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P ceric ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Ce+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 2
- PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nitrate Inorganic materials [Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYILFTUXZGGDFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);cobalt(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+3].[Cr+3].[Co+2].[Co+2] VYILFTUXZGGDFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RJHLTVSLYWWTEF-UHFFFAOYSA-K gold trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Au](Cl)Cl RJHLTVSLYWWTEF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Inorganic materials [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BXJPTTGFESFXJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Y+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O BXJPTTGFESFXJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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- B01J23/683—Silver or gold with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/685—Silver or gold with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with chromium, molybdenum or tungsten with chromium
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- B01J37/32—Freeze drying, i.e. lyophilisation
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- C01B3/386—Catalytic partial combustion
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1064—Platinum group metal catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1076—Copper or zinc-based catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1082—Composition of support materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1094—Promotors or activators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
- C01B2203/1241—Natural gas or methane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18342300P | 2000-02-18 | 2000-02-18 | |
| US60/183,423 | 2000-02-18 | ||
| US70370100A | 2000-11-01 | 2000-11-01 | |
| US09/703,701 | 2000-11-01 | ||
| PCT/US2001/004976 WO2001060740A2 (en) | 2000-02-18 | 2001-02-16 | Chromium-based catalysts and processes for converting hydrocarbons to synthesis gas |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2400046A1 true CA2400046A1 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
Family
ID=26879114
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002400046A Abandoned CA2400046A1 (en) | 2000-02-18 | 2001-02-16 | Chromium-based catalysts and processes for converting hydrocarbons to synthesis gas |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1257497A2 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU3836001A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2400046A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2001060740A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5324265B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-11 | 2013-10-23 | 関西電力株式会社 | 炭化水素の部分酸化触媒、それを用いた水素含有ガスの製造方法及び装置 |
| DE102009059102A1 (de) | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-22 | Leibniz-Institut für Neue Materialien gemeinnützige GmbH, 66123 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von eingekapselten Metall-Kolloiden als anorganische Farbpigmente |
| CN102054598B (zh) * | 2011-01-13 | 2012-11-07 | 中希合金有限公司 | 银氧化铜与铜的复合电触头材料及其制备工艺 |
| CN103553148B (zh) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-07-08 | 湖南科技大学 | 一种钴铬绿颜料的制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE724987A (de) * | 1968-12-05 | 1969-05-16 | ||
| US3645915A (en) * | 1970-04-20 | 1972-02-29 | Du Pont | Stabilized nickel oxide-nickel chromite reforming catalyst |
| US3997477A (en) * | 1974-12-11 | 1976-12-14 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Catalyst for reforming hydrocarbon fuel |
| US4046869A (en) * | 1976-02-11 | 1977-09-06 | Texaco Inc. | Steam reforming process |
| GB1550749A (en) * | 1977-02-18 | 1979-08-22 | British Gas Corp | Gas making and catalysts therefor |
| US4331451A (en) * | 1980-02-04 | 1982-05-25 | Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc. | Catalytic gasification |
| NL8005856A (nl) * | 1980-10-24 | 1982-05-17 | Stamicarbon | Bereiding van poreus, zuiver siliciumdioxyde en van chroomoxyde-op-siliciumdioxyde katalysatoren. |
| JPS62155937A (ja) * | 1985-08-30 | 1987-07-10 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | 金および金系複合酸化物を担持した触媒体を製造する方法 |
| GB8623482D0 (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1986-11-05 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catalytic generation of hydrogen |
| US4981831A (en) * | 1988-07-25 | 1991-01-01 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Twice-aged porous inorganic oxides, catalysts, and polymerization processes |
| US5028404A (en) * | 1989-04-25 | 1991-07-02 | University Of Notre Dame Du Lac | Metal oxide catalysts |
| TW299307B (de) * | 1993-11-29 | 1997-03-01 | Shell Internat Res Schappej Bv |
-
2001
- 2001-02-16 AU AU38360/01A patent/AU3836001A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-02-16 EP EP01910791A patent/EP1257497A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-02-16 WO PCT/US2001/004976 patent/WO2001060740A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-02-16 CA CA002400046A patent/CA2400046A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2001060740A2 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
| AU3836001A (en) | 2001-08-27 |
| EP1257497A2 (de) | 2002-11-20 |
| WO2001060740A3 (en) | 2002-02-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |