CA2354330A1 - Ground organic fuel - Google Patents
Ground organic fuel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2354330A1 CA2354330A1 CA002354330A CA2354330A CA2354330A1 CA 2354330 A1 CA2354330 A1 CA 2354330A1 CA 002354330 A CA002354330 A CA 002354330A CA 2354330 A CA2354330 A CA 2354330A CA 2354330 A1 CA2354330 A1 CA 2354330A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- organic
- waste
- microns
- particulate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002916 wood waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 26
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- QMVPMAAFGQKVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N citronellol Chemical compound OCCC(C)CCC=C(C)C QMVPMAAFGQKVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000190019 Guaiacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004440 Guaiacum sanctum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007182 Ochroma pyramidale Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000484 citronellol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
- C10L5/366—Powders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Organic fuel includes dried organic material ground to a particulate size of substantially less than 300 microns. The particulate material may advantageously be of less than or equal to 10 microns. The organic matter may be chosen from the group containing agricultural waste or wood waste, wherein the agricultural waste may include waste straw and wherein the wood waste may include bark.
Description
GROUND ORGANIC FUEL
Field of the Invention This invention relates to fuel produced from drying and grinding organic matter and in particular to dried organic matter which is ground and pulverized to micron particle sizes to form a combustible fuel.
Background In the prior art of which applicant is aware, organic fuels have been mixed with another fuel, for example, natural gas, fuel oil or other petroleum products to ensure combustion of the mixture. As an example, applicant is aware of a wood waste fuel developed in Sweden and marketed under the trademark Elenol. Applicant is also aware of United States Patent No. 4,358,292 which issued to Battista on November 9, 1982 for Stabilized Hybrid Fuel Slurries which teaches extending petroleum fuel oils by forming a slurry with mixtures having varying compositions of finely ground coal, particles of carbon black less than one micron, finely ground newsprint, sawdusts, cellulose, and clean organic energy-rich waste materials.
In the present invention, a non-oil fuel is produced from grinding and pulverizing materials which include the same raw material used to produce ElenolTM or hogged fuels, the difference being, again, in the present invention, the ground material is not mixed with a petroleum or gas fuel product.
There are currently in use a number of methods to extract the useable BTU's from waste wood, including the extraction of methane gas. True, the processes have been successful in extraction of the methane gas, which is subsequently burned in a jet turbine to produce electricity. Unfortunately, a great deal of energy is consumed to extract methane and the remaining material is burned as charcoal, an inferior fuel.
After research into production of the non-oil fuel of the present invention from agricultural waste, applicant discovered that two pounds of such non-oil fuel equalled one pound of gasoline or kerosene in terms of BTU content. It was also found that the BTU
content of one pound of wheat straw was very similar to one pound of wood waste, approximately 8,600 and 9,700 BTU. Research indicates that wheat and bark contain approximately 10,000 BTU per pound. This is to be compared to gasoline or kerosene, which contains approximately 19,000 BTU per pound.
All carbon based matter, whether straw, bark, wood, sugar cane etc., when ground to 10 microns, has the same specific gravity of 1.5. The specific gravity of water is 62.5 lbs per cubic foot, thus a cubic foot of non-oil fuel weighs 93.75 lbs.
All organic matter is composed of roughly 48% carbon, 6% hydrogen, 43% oxygen, plus trace minerals and water. Organic matter weighs differing amounts per cubic foot because of the number and size of airspaces within the material. For example, Balsa wood weighs 10 - 12 lbs per cubic foot while Lignum Vitae weighs 70 lbs per cubic foot. However, when both are micronized, they will weigh 93.75 lbs per cubic foot.
What follows is a comparison of the useable BTU in each. For this purpose, calculations are based on a cubic meter ( 35.31 cubic feet equaling 1 cubic meter).
Non-Oil Fuel - 10 Microns in size Kerosene jet fuel 93.75 lbs per cubic foot 50 lbs per cubic foot 10,000 BTU per lb 19,000 BTU per lb 937,500 BTU per cubic foot 950,000 BTU per cubic foot 33,103,125 BTU per cubic meter 33,544,500 BTU per cubic meter 98% burning efficiency 82% burning efficiency 32,441,062 useable BTU per cubic meter 27,506,490 BTU per cubic meter 3,310 lbs per cubic meter 1,765 lbs per cubic meter Thus, non-oil fuel is a more economical fuel than jet fuel by approximately 18% by volume. The current price of kerosene is $694.40 per cubic meter in Canadian funds.
Applicant estimates, at present day costs, the maximum cost to produce non-oil fuel to be $20 - $30 per cubic meter Canadian.
Summary of the Invention The non-oil fuel of the present invention may be produced with relatively minimal cost and without the loss of any BTU. More importantly, the burning efficiency of such non-oil fuel approximates 98 percent, which compares favourably to the burning efficiency of bone-dry wood at 80 percent. Although the non-oil fuel of the present invention may of course be combined with petroleum products in a slurry, the fuel of the present invention is not combined with any other fuel to produce combustion. Such non-oil fuel may be ignited by a spark or by a natural gas pilot flame as an example. It has been applicant's experience that combusting the non-oil fuel of the present invention does not produce harmful emissions in the manner of fossil fuel combustion.
It may be possible to utilize the non-oil fuel of the present invention as a fuel for electrical generation depending on the fuel delivery system and ignition system in the electrical generator turbine engine. Applicant has noted that, because the non-oil fuel is finely ground, that when it is dry it tends to stick together.
In summary, the organic fuel of the present invention includes dried organic material ground to a particulate size of substantially less than 300 microns.
The particulate material may advantageously be of less than or equal to 10 microns. The organic matter may be chosen from the group containing agricultural waste or wood waste, wherein the agricultural waste may include waste straw and wherein the wood waste may include bark.
Field of the Invention This invention relates to fuel produced from drying and grinding organic matter and in particular to dried organic matter which is ground and pulverized to micron particle sizes to form a combustible fuel.
Background In the prior art of which applicant is aware, organic fuels have been mixed with another fuel, for example, natural gas, fuel oil or other petroleum products to ensure combustion of the mixture. As an example, applicant is aware of a wood waste fuel developed in Sweden and marketed under the trademark Elenol. Applicant is also aware of United States Patent No. 4,358,292 which issued to Battista on November 9, 1982 for Stabilized Hybrid Fuel Slurries which teaches extending petroleum fuel oils by forming a slurry with mixtures having varying compositions of finely ground coal, particles of carbon black less than one micron, finely ground newsprint, sawdusts, cellulose, and clean organic energy-rich waste materials.
In the present invention, a non-oil fuel is produced from grinding and pulverizing materials which include the same raw material used to produce ElenolTM or hogged fuels, the difference being, again, in the present invention, the ground material is not mixed with a petroleum or gas fuel product.
There are currently in use a number of methods to extract the useable BTU's from waste wood, including the extraction of methane gas. True, the processes have been successful in extraction of the methane gas, which is subsequently burned in a jet turbine to produce electricity. Unfortunately, a great deal of energy is consumed to extract methane and the remaining material is burned as charcoal, an inferior fuel.
After research into production of the non-oil fuel of the present invention from agricultural waste, applicant discovered that two pounds of such non-oil fuel equalled one pound of gasoline or kerosene in terms of BTU content. It was also found that the BTU
content of one pound of wheat straw was very similar to one pound of wood waste, approximately 8,600 and 9,700 BTU. Research indicates that wheat and bark contain approximately 10,000 BTU per pound. This is to be compared to gasoline or kerosene, which contains approximately 19,000 BTU per pound.
All carbon based matter, whether straw, bark, wood, sugar cane etc., when ground to 10 microns, has the same specific gravity of 1.5. The specific gravity of water is 62.5 lbs per cubic foot, thus a cubic foot of non-oil fuel weighs 93.75 lbs.
All organic matter is composed of roughly 48% carbon, 6% hydrogen, 43% oxygen, plus trace minerals and water. Organic matter weighs differing amounts per cubic foot because of the number and size of airspaces within the material. For example, Balsa wood weighs 10 - 12 lbs per cubic foot while Lignum Vitae weighs 70 lbs per cubic foot. However, when both are micronized, they will weigh 93.75 lbs per cubic foot.
What follows is a comparison of the useable BTU in each. For this purpose, calculations are based on a cubic meter ( 35.31 cubic feet equaling 1 cubic meter).
Non-Oil Fuel - 10 Microns in size Kerosene jet fuel 93.75 lbs per cubic foot 50 lbs per cubic foot 10,000 BTU per lb 19,000 BTU per lb 937,500 BTU per cubic foot 950,000 BTU per cubic foot 33,103,125 BTU per cubic meter 33,544,500 BTU per cubic meter 98% burning efficiency 82% burning efficiency 32,441,062 useable BTU per cubic meter 27,506,490 BTU per cubic meter 3,310 lbs per cubic meter 1,765 lbs per cubic meter Thus, non-oil fuel is a more economical fuel than jet fuel by approximately 18% by volume. The current price of kerosene is $694.40 per cubic meter in Canadian funds.
Applicant estimates, at present day costs, the maximum cost to produce non-oil fuel to be $20 - $30 per cubic meter Canadian.
Summary of the Invention The non-oil fuel of the present invention may be produced with relatively minimal cost and without the loss of any BTU. More importantly, the burning efficiency of such non-oil fuel approximates 98 percent, which compares favourably to the burning efficiency of bone-dry wood at 80 percent. Although the non-oil fuel of the present invention may of course be combined with petroleum products in a slurry, the fuel of the present invention is not combined with any other fuel to produce combustion. Such non-oil fuel may be ignited by a spark or by a natural gas pilot flame as an example. It has been applicant's experience that combusting the non-oil fuel of the present invention does not produce harmful emissions in the manner of fossil fuel combustion.
It may be possible to utilize the non-oil fuel of the present invention as a fuel for electrical generation depending on the fuel delivery system and ignition system in the electrical generator turbine engine. Applicant has noted that, because the non-oil fuel is finely ground, that when it is dry it tends to stick together.
In summary, the organic fuel of the present invention includes dried organic material ground to a particulate size of substantially less than 300 microns.
The particulate material may advantageously be of less than or equal to 10 microns. The organic matter may be chosen from the group containing agricultural waste or wood waste, wherein the agricultural waste may include waste straw and wherein the wood waste may include bark.
The method of producing the organic fuel of the present invention includes the steps of drying organic material and grinding or otherwise pulverizing (hereinafter generically referred to as grinding) the organic material into particulate form having a particulate size of substantially 300 microns or less. The method may include the step of grinding the organic material so as to form particulate sizes of less than or equal to 10 microns.
Again, the organic material may include agricultural or wood waste, although this is not intended to be limiting but, rather, illustrative of carbon-based material including carbon-based waste material.
Detailed Description of Embodiments of the Invention The non-oil fuel of the present invention is produced by drying, grinding and pulverizing organic matter to produce particles having a size of less than 300 microns, and in one preferred embodiment, less than 10 microns. The organic matter may be any organic matter, including although not limited to, agricultural waste such as wheat straw, wood waste, bark, so long as it may be dried, ground and pulverized into a fine powder.
As stated above, the non-oil fuel of the present invention may also be combined with petroleum fuels for example as a slurry with kerosene. It has been applicant's determination that in such an embodiment the non-oil fuel of the present invention can represent at least 75 percent of the combined volume of the fuel. It has also been applicant's observation that micronized non-oil fuel of the present invention weighs more than kerosene by a ratio of 1.88. Applicant's calculations indicate that, for the same volume of non-oil fuel as compared to kerosene or gas, non-oil fuel has more useable BTU content than either kerosene or gas. It has also been applicant's observation that when mixed with kerosene, the micronized non-oil fuel of the present invention flows as a fluid without particulate adhesion, that is, the particles of the non-oil fuel do not cling together.
It is applicant's belief that the non-oil fuel of the present invention may be used as a fuel as a substitute for petroleum product fuels. As compared to such petroleum product fuels, the cost of the non-oil fuel of the present invention is negligible in that it turns organic waste into fuel. This also presents the advantage that, by using organic waste as fuel, conventional waste disposal problems are eliminated or at least reduced. So too, the pollution produced by burning fossil fuels is also either eliminated or reduced. It has been applicant's observation that the by-products left from the burning of the non-oil fuel of the present invention are water vapour, and ash, the latter component being reduced to between 0.02 and 0.08 percentage of the original volume of the fuel. Applicant has had success in ignition of flour particles entrained in a stream of air. Once such a stream was ignited, it proved to be self perpetuating. The dry flour particles were fed from a hopper by the use of an auger which emptied into a stream of air propelled under pressure at about 6 psi.
Applicant observed that once the stream was initially ignited, the flame continued to burn and appeared to be reasonably pure so as to indicate nearly complete combustion of the particulate material of the non-oil or organic fuel.
As will be apparent to those skilled in the art in the light of the foregoing disclosure, many alterations and modifications are possible in the practice of this invention without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is to be construed in accordance with the substance defined by the following claims.
Again, the organic material may include agricultural or wood waste, although this is not intended to be limiting but, rather, illustrative of carbon-based material including carbon-based waste material.
Detailed Description of Embodiments of the Invention The non-oil fuel of the present invention is produced by drying, grinding and pulverizing organic matter to produce particles having a size of less than 300 microns, and in one preferred embodiment, less than 10 microns. The organic matter may be any organic matter, including although not limited to, agricultural waste such as wheat straw, wood waste, bark, so long as it may be dried, ground and pulverized into a fine powder.
As stated above, the non-oil fuel of the present invention may also be combined with petroleum fuels for example as a slurry with kerosene. It has been applicant's determination that in such an embodiment the non-oil fuel of the present invention can represent at least 75 percent of the combined volume of the fuel. It has also been applicant's observation that micronized non-oil fuel of the present invention weighs more than kerosene by a ratio of 1.88. Applicant's calculations indicate that, for the same volume of non-oil fuel as compared to kerosene or gas, non-oil fuel has more useable BTU content than either kerosene or gas. It has also been applicant's observation that when mixed with kerosene, the micronized non-oil fuel of the present invention flows as a fluid without particulate adhesion, that is, the particles of the non-oil fuel do not cling together.
It is applicant's belief that the non-oil fuel of the present invention may be used as a fuel as a substitute for petroleum product fuels. As compared to such petroleum product fuels, the cost of the non-oil fuel of the present invention is negligible in that it turns organic waste into fuel. This also presents the advantage that, by using organic waste as fuel, conventional waste disposal problems are eliminated or at least reduced. So too, the pollution produced by burning fossil fuels is also either eliminated or reduced. It has been applicant's observation that the by-products left from the burning of the non-oil fuel of the present invention are water vapour, and ash, the latter component being reduced to between 0.02 and 0.08 percentage of the original volume of the fuel. Applicant has had success in ignition of flour particles entrained in a stream of air. Once such a stream was ignited, it proved to be self perpetuating. The dry flour particles were fed from a hopper by the use of an auger which emptied into a stream of air propelled under pressure at about 6 psi.
Applicant observed that once the stream was initially ignited, the flame continued to burn and appeared to be reasonably pure so as to indicate nearly complete combustion of the particulate material of the non-oil or organic fuel.
As will be apparent to those skilled in the art in the light of the foregoing disclosure, many alterations and modifications are possible in the practice of this invention without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is to be construed in accordance with the substance defined by the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. What is claimed is an organic fuel comprising dried organic material ground to a particulate size of substantially less than 300 microns.
2. The organic fuel of claim 1 wherein said particulate material is of less than or equal to microns.
3. The organic fuel of claim 1 wherein said organic matter is chosen from the group containing agricultural waste or wood waste.
4. The organic fuel of claim 3 wherein said agricultural waste includes waste straw and wherein said wood waste includes bark.
5. A method of producing organic fuel comprising the steps of:
(a) drying organic material, (b) grinding said organic material into particulate form having a particulate size of substantially 300 microns or less.
(a) drying organic material, (b) grinding said organic material into particulate form having a particulate size of substantially 300 microns or less.
6. The method of claim 5 further comprising the step of grinding said organic material so as to form particulate sizes of less than or equal to 10 microns.
7. The method of claim 5 wherein said organic material is agricultural waste.
8. The method of claim 5 wherein said organic material is wood waste.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US22188900P | 2000-07-31 | 2000-07-31 | |
| US60/221,889 | 2000-07-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2354330A1 true CA2354330A1 (en) | 2002-01-31 |
Family
ID=22829835
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002354330A Abandoned CA2354330A1 (en) | 2000-07-31 | 2001-07-30 | Ground organic fuel |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20020029513A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2001278334A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2354330A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002010319A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8080069B2 (en) * | 2000-06-20 | 2011-12-20 | Guillaume Pourtout | Solid fuel and fuel mixture containing same |
| CZ301605B6 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2010-04-28 | Výzkumný ústav zemedelské techniky, p. o. | Straw-based fuel |
| US20080016768A1 (en) | 2006-07-18 | 2008-01-24 | Togna Keith A | Chemically-modified mixed fuels, methods of production and used thereof |
| FI126607B (en) | 2013-04-08 | 2017-03-15 | Aalto-Korkeakoulusäätiö Sr | Process for the production of biofuel and the use of biofuel |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4529407A (en) * | 1981-06-25 | 1985-07-16 | Pickering Fuel Resources, Inc. | Fuel pellets |
| WO1987000604A1 (en) * | 1985-07-18 | 1987-01-29 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Suspension firing of hog fuel, other biomass or peat |
| US4589357A (en) * | 1985-08-22 | 1986-05-20 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Method for reducing comminution energy of a biomass fuel |
-
2001
- 2001-07-30 AU AU2001278334A patent/AU2001278334A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-30 WO PCT/CA2001/001098 patent/WO2002010319A2/en active Application Filing
- 2001-07-30 CA CA002354330A patent/CA2354330A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-31 US US09/920,002 patent/US20020029513A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2002010319A2 (en) | 2002-02-07 |
| US20020029513A1 (en) | 2002-03-14 |
| AU2001278334A1 (en) | 2002-02-13 |
| WO2002010319A3 (en) | 2002-12-19 |
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