CA2351189C - Bus management method - Google Patents
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- CA2351189C CA2351189C CA002351189A CA2351189A CA2351189C CA 2351189 C CA2351189 C CA 2351189C CA 002351189 A CA002351189 A CA 002351189A CA 2351189 A CA2351189 A CA 2351189A CA 2351189 C CA2351189 C CA 2351189C
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Abstract
One node is selected from a plurality of candidates for a bus management node.
A bus management node 11 has a register for channels in use REG 1 and a bus capacity register REG2. Before starting the synchronous communication, each node 12 transmits a read-out command to the register for channels in use REG 1 and the register for channels in use REG1 in order to read out their contents for ascertaining the number of the un-used channel and the residual capacity. If there is any un-used channel and any residual bus capacity, the node 12 transmits write commands to these registers REG 1 and REG2 so that the number of the channel to be in use and the capacity of the bus to be in use will be stored in the register for channels in use REG 1 and the bus capacity register REG2. This enables bus management to be achieved easily in a system performing synchronous communication between plural nodes connected to the bus.
A bus management node 11 has a register for channels in use REG 1 and a bus capacity register REG2. Before starting the synchronous communication, each node 12 transmits a read-out command to the register for channels in use REG 1 and the register for channels in use REG1 in order to read out their contents for ascertaining the number of the un-used channel and the residual capacity. If there is any un-used channel and any residual bus capacity, the node 12 transmits write commands to these registers REG 1 and REG2 so that the number of the channel to be in use and the capacity of the bus to be in use will be stored in the register for channels in use REG 1 and the bus capacity register REG2. This enables bus management to be achieved easily in a system performing synchronous communication between plural nodes connected to the bus.
Description
~ 1 SPECIFICATION
Bus Management Method Technical Field This invention relates to a bus management method in a communication system in which AV apparatus, such as a video tape recorder (VTR) , a monitor or a tuner, are connected to a bus for exchanging digital video signals or digital audio signals.
Background Technology There has been entertained a communication system in which Av apparatus, such as a video tape recorder (VTR), a monitor or a tuner, are connected to a bus for exchanging digital video signals or digital audio signals.
Fig.B shows an example of such communication system, which is provided with a root node 21, a leaf node 22, a branch node 23, a leaf node 24 and a leaf node 25. Input/ output ports between the nodes 21 and 22, also referred to as nodes 21-22, hereinafter the same, the nodes 21-23, the nodes 23-24 and the nodes 23-25, are connected by two sets of twist pair cables. The nodes 21 to 25 are the digital VTRs, tuners or personal computers, as discussed above, each having one or more input/
output ports. Each node 21 to 25 has an amplifier and a relay enclosed therein. The communication system shown in Fig.8 is equivalent to a communication system in which the nodes 21 to 25 are connected to a bus 26.
The structure shown in Fig.8 is a hierarchical structure in s which the nodes 22 and 23 are connected in the lower layer relative to the node 21 and the nodes 24 and 25 are connected in the lower layer relative to the node 23 . In other words , the node 21 is a master node for the nodes 22 and 23, while the node 23 is a master node for the nodes 24 and 25. The sequence for determining such hierarchical structure is now explained.
If the nodes 21-22, 21-23, 23-24 and 23-25 are connected by cables, the node only one input/ output port of which is connected to an other node notifies the node to which it is connected that the latter node is the master node. In the case of Fig.8, the nodes 24 and 25 notify the node 23 of the fact that the node 23 is the master node, while the node 22 notifies the node 21 of the fat that the node 21 is the master node.
The node plural input/ output nodes of which are connected to other nodes notifies a node other than the node which has notified the firstly-stated node that the firstly-stated node is the master node that such other node is the master node. In the case of Fig.B, the node 23 notifies the node 21 that the node 21 is the master node, while the node 21 notifies the node 23 that the node 23 is the master node. Since in such case the nodes 21, 23 notify each other that the counterpart node is the master node, the node which has made such notification first becomes the master node. Fig.B shows a case in which the node 21 has become the master node.
The sequence of according an address to each node is f explained. Basically, the node address is accorded by the master node permitting an address to be accorded to a slave node. If there are plural slave nodes, addresses are accorded in the order of the smaller port numbers to which the slave nodes are connected.
In Fig.8, in which the node 22 is connected to a port #1 of the node 21 and the node 23 is connected to a port #2 of the node 22, the node 21 permits an address to be accorded to the node 22.
The node 22 accords the address (i) to itself and transmits data indicating that the address (i) has been accorded to itself over a bus 26. The node 21 then permits the node 23 to set its own address. The node 23 permits an address to be accorded to the node 24 connected to its port #1. The node 23 permits an address to be accorded to a node 25 connected to its port #2. The node 23 accords an address (iii) to itself. After having accorded addresses to its slave node 24 and slave node 25, the node 23 accords an address (iv) to itself. After )zaving accorded addresses to its slave node 22 and slave node 23, the node 21 accords an address (v) to itself.
With the present communication system, it is possible to carry out synchronous communication or continuous communication at a constant data rate and asynchronous communication for transmitting control commands, for example, non-periodically, that is whenever the necessity arises.
With the present communication system, communication is ' 4 carried out at a communication cycle having a pre-set period, such as 125 us, as shown in Fig.lO. The communication cycle starts with a cycle start packet csp, followed by a period for transmitting a packet for synchronous communication. By affixing channel numbers 1, 2, 3, ...N to the respective packets for synchronous communication, plural synchronous communication cycles may be carried out. For example, if the channel 1 is allocated to the communication from the node 22 to the node 23, communication is carried out by the node 22 transmitting the packet for synchronous communication having the channel number 1 directly after the cycle start packet csp and by the node 23 monitoring he bus 26 and fetching the packet for synchronous communication having the channel number 1. Similarly, the communication from the node 24 to the node 21 can be accorded to the channel 2, while the packet of a channel can be received by plural nodes.
If plural synchronous communication cycles are carried out, it is attempted to transmit the packets for synchronous communication over plural channels directly after the cycle start packet cps. In such case, the packet of synchronous communication of a channel is first transmitted by arbitration means (such as CSMA/CD) as determined by the bus 26. The packets of synchronous communication of other channels are then transmitted sequentially.
After termination of transmission of the packets of ,, synchronous communication of all of the channels, the time interval until the next cycle start packet csp is employed for asynchronous communication. To the packets for asynchronous communication (packets A and B in Fig.lO) are affixed addresses of the transmitting node and the receiving node. The respective nodes fetch the packets having the addresses proper to the nodes affixed thereto.
Since the details of the above-described communication system are publicized as "IEEE P1394 Serial Bus Design Statement, they are not explained herein specifically.
In order for the above-described communication system to operate correctly, it is necessary for the respective synchronous communication packets to have different channel numbers, while it is necessary for the sum total of the communication time of the synchronous communication packets of the respective channels not to exceed the period of the synchronous communication. To this end, it is necessary to check before the start of synchronous communication of a node that the communication capacity necessary for the communication is available on the bus and to have an un-used channel allocated for the communication if there is any residual communication capacity in the bus.
For supervising the communication capacity and the channel number employed for synchronous communication, it is commonplace practice that one of the nodes connected to a bus become a bus management node and to effect required management. In such case, other nodes indicate the communication capacity desired to be employed to the bus management node, using the asynchronous communication packet, and require channels to be allocated to them. The bus management node checks if the communication capacity in use added to the communication capacity newly requested does not exceed the maximum communication capacity of the bus. If the sum is not in excess of the maximum communication capacity of the bus, the bus management node notices the channel number and the effect of permission of synchronous communication. If the sum is in excess of the maximum communication capacity of the bus, the bus management node notices that the channel allocation is not permitted. After termination of the synchronous communication, the management node is notified of the channel number and the channel capacity which will not be in use.
Since the bus supervision is in need of complex processing operations, it is commonplace practice with the communication system centered about e.g., a personal computer to use the personal computer as a bus management node and to perform the processing operations using the software possessed by the personal computer. However, if this method is employed for the communication system between the AV apparatus, such as a digital VTR, tuner or a monitor, it becomes necessary to interconnect an apparatus having powerful data processing functions, such as personal computer, to the bus, in addition to the AV apparatus, e-.~"
thus raising the cost of the communication system.
In view of the above problem, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for realizing facilitated management of a bus in a system for carrying out synchronous communication between plural nodes connected to the bus.
Disclosure of the Invention The subject-matter of the claim 1 resides in a method for bus management in a system for performing synchronous communication between plural nodes connected to a bus in which, among the plural nodes, a pre-set node having first storage means for storing the channel use state and for storing the bus use state is set as a bus management node, each node reads out the contents of the first and second storage means when starting the synchronous communication, and in which, if there is any vacant channel or any vacant capacity, each node writes the number of the channel started to be used and the capacity of the bus started to be used in the first and second storage means, respectively. Thus the channel number and the bus capacity may be supervised by the bus management node by simply responding to the readout command and the write command to the first and second storage means.
The subject-matter of claim 2 resides in the method for bus management as claimed in claim 1 wherein each node ha plural communication clocks of different frequencies. Thus it is possible for each node to carry out communication by the ,r,, communication clocks of plural different frequencies so that there can exist communication of different speeds from channel to channel.
The subject-matter of claim 3 resides in the method for bus management as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein, if the bus management node is changed during the synchronous communication, the node already engaged in the synchronous communication executes the sequence of channel acquisition within a pre-set time. In this manner, the node already engaged in the synchronous communication executes the sequence of acquiring the channel within a pres-set time, while the node newly starting the synchronous communication executes the sequence of acquiring the channel after lapse of the pre-set time.
The subject-matter of claim 4 resides in the method for bus management as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the node having the maximum address is set as the bus management node. Thus, if a root node is determined, it becomes the bus management node.
The subject-matter of claim 5 resides in the method for bus management as claimed in claim 2 wherein the bus use state stored in the second storage means has time-based values. Thus it becomes possible for the bus use state to have time-based values .
Brief Description of the Drawings Fig.l is a block diagram showing a specified constitution of a communication system to which the present invention is applied.
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Fig.2 shows a practical constitution of a register for channels in use and a bus capacity register of a bus management node constituting the bus capacity register.
Fig.3 is a flow chart showing a practical example of the sequence of channel acquisition before starting synchronous communication.
Fig.4 is a flow chart for showing a practical example of the sequence of operations for channel restoration after termination of the synchronous communication.
Fig.S is a flow chart showing the sequence of setting the bits of the register for channels in use in order to avoid competition between nodes.
Fig.6 is a flow chart showing the sequence of subtracting the value of the bus capacity from the value of the bus capacity register in order to avoid competition between nodes.
Fig.7 is a flow chart showing the sequence of adding the value of the bus capacity to the value of the bus capacity register in order to avoid competition between nodes.
Fig.8 shows an example of a communication system for synchronous communication between plural nodes connected to the bus.
Fig.9 is a block diagram equivalently stating the above communication system.
Fig.lO shows an example of data construction on the bus in the above-mentioned communication system.
Best Mode for Carrying out the Invention Referring to the drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained in detail. Fig.l illustrates the concept of the present invention and Fig.2 shows examples of the construction of a register for channels in use and the bus capacity register shown in Fig. 1.
Referring to Fig.l, a bus management node 11 has the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2. The register for channels in use REG1 has the capacity of e.g., 32 bits, each of the bits (bit 0 to bit 31) representing the state of use of channels 0 to 31, with 1 indicating a channel in use and 0 indicating a channel not in use. As shown in Fig.2b, the bus capacity register REG2 has the capacity of e.g., 32 bits, thus having a value capable of indicating the residual bus capacity or the sum of the capacities in use.
Before starting the synchronous communication, an other node 12 in the communication system transmits a readout command to the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2 over a twist pair cable 13, using the asynchronous communication packet, and reads out the contents of the command over a twist pair cable 14 in order to confirm the number of the channel not in use and the residual capacity of the bus. If there is any channel not in use and there is any residual bus capacity, the other node 12 transmits write commands to the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2 so that ,:-roA>' the number of the channel in use and the capacity of the bus in use will be written in the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2. When starting the synchronous communication, the bus management node 11 issues write and readout commands to the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2 therein in order to effect processing in a similar manner.
If the present invention is applied to, for example, the communication system shown in Fig. B, the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2 are provided in the respective nodes. The bus management node 11 is the node 21 as a root node. If the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2 are provided in each of the respective nodes, bus management becomes possible no matter which node become the root node. Any node other than the root node may also be used as a bus management node.
Referring to Figs.3 to 7, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained in detail. In the flow charts, YES and NO in the decision steps are abbreviated to Y and N, respectively.
Fig.3 is a flow chart showing an example of the procedure for channel acquisition before starting the synchronous communication.
Referring to Fig.3, the node 12 effecting the synchronous communication transmits to the bus management node 11 a command for reading out the contents of the register for channels in use REG1. The contents of the register for channels in use REG1 thus read out are checked in order to give judgement if there is any bit 0. If there is no 0 bit, there is no vacant channel, so that the processing comes to a close. If there is a bit 0, the node 12 proceeds to step S2.
At step S2 , the node 12 transmits to the bus management node 11 a write command for setting the bit corresponding to the channel number desired to be employed. The node 12 then proceeds to step S3.
At step S3 , the node 12 transmits to the bus management node 11 a command for reading out the contents of the bus capacity register REG2, and checks the contents of the bus capacity register REG2 thus read out. The node 12 compares the value of the bus capacity register REG2, that is the residual capacity of the bus, to the value of the capacity to be newly in use. If the value of the bus capacity register REG2 is larger, synchronous communication is possible, so that the node 12 proceeds to step S4. If the value of the capacity to be newly in use is found at step S3 to be larger, synchronous communication cannot be carried out, so that the node 12 proceeds to step S6.
At step S4, the node 12 issues to the bus management node 12 a write command for setting a value equal to the value of the bus capacity register REG2 less the value of the capacity to be newly in use as a new value of the bus capacity register REG2.
The node 12 then proceeds to step S5. The node 12 starts the synchronous communication at step S5.
At step S6, the node 12 transmits a write command for re-setting to 0 the bit set to 1 at step S2 to the bus management node 11.
Fig.4 is a flow chart showing the sequence of operations of returning the channel after the end of the synchronous communication. In the following description, the description as to transmitting a readout command for reading the contents of the registers REG1 and REG2 and as to transmitting a write command for rewriting the register contents.
Referring to Fig.4, if the communication comes to a close at step 511 , the node 12 proceeds to step 512 , where the bit corresponding to the number of the channel of the register for channels in use REG1 which has ceased to be used is reset to 0.
At step S13, the node 12 adds the value of the capacity of the bus which has ceased to be used to the value of the register for channels in use REG1.
With the above-described sequence of operations, it is possible for the bus management node 11 to allocate the channels by a simplified operation of responding to the write command and the readout command. However, it may occur that, with such sequence of operations, correct processing cannot be made in the case of competition among plural nodes. The sequence of operations capable of coping with such case is explained by referring to Figs.5 to 7.
Fig.5 is a flow chart for setting the bit of the register for channels in use REG1, that is the operations corresponding to the steps S1 and S2 of Fig.3.
At step 521, the node 12 reads the value (binary number) of the register for channels in use REG1 and sets the value to a.
The node 12 then proceeds to step 522. At step 522, the node 12 judges whether or not there is a bit 0 in a. The foregoing processing is substantially the same as the step S1 of Fig.3.
If there is no bit 0 in a, the node 12 terminates the operational sequence of channel acquisition, since there is no vacant channel. If there is a bit 0 in a, the node 12 proceeds to step 523.
At strep S23 , the node 12 sets the value of the register REG1 in which the bit corresponding to the channel desired to be used for synchronous communication is set to 1 to b, before proceeding to step 524.
If at step S24 the value of the register for channels in use REG1 is a, the node 12 rewrites the value to b, before proceeding st step 525. That is, the processing at step S24 is the processing provided for evading the competition with other nodes .
This step S24 can be implemented by a node desiring to occupy a channel transmitting a command to the bus management node 11 for rewriting the value of the register for channels in use REG1 from a to b. The value of the register for channels in use REG1 being ,~Aa a means that an other node has not rewritten the value of the register for channels in use REG1 since the time the node 12 read at step S21 the value of the register for channels in use REG1 until step 524. Conversely, the value of the register for channels in use REG1 not being a means that an other node has rewritten the value of the register for channels in use REG1.
At step S25, the node 12 judges whether or not the rewriting has resulted in success. If the result is YES, that is the rewriting has succeeded, the node 12 terminates the operating sequence. If otherwise, the node 12 returns to step 521. The decision as to the success/ failure may be given based on the notice of the results of writing transmitted from the bus management node 11, or by reading out the value of the register for channels in use REG1 and checking whether or not it has been rewritten to b.
Fig.6 is a flow chart showing the operating sequence of subtracting the bus capacity value from the value of the bus capacity register REG2, that is the operating sequence corresponding to the steps S3 and S4.
At step 531, the node 12 reads the value of the bus capacity register REG2 and set the value to c. The node 12 then proceeds to step S32 in which the node 1?, judges which of c and the capacity value of the bus to be used newly is larger. The above processing is substantially the same as the step S3 shown in Fig.3. If c is smaller than the capacity value of the bus to be used newly, synchronous communication cannot be carried out, so the node 12 resets the value of the register for channels in use REG1 to its original value, as at step S6 shown in Fig.3.
If c is larger than the capacity value of the bus to be used newly, synchronous communication can carried out, so the node 12 proceeds to step 533.
At step 533, the node 12 subtracts the capacity value of the bus desired to be used from c to give d before proceeding to step 534.
If at step S34 the value of the bus capacity register REG2 is c, the node 12 rewrites it to d before proceeding to step S35.
That is, the step S34 is the processing for avoiding competition with other nodes. The value of the bus capacity register REG2 being c means that an other node has not rewritten the value of the bus capacity register REG2. since the time the node 12 has read out at step S31 the value of the bus capacity register REG2 until step 534. Conversely, the value of the bus capacity register REG2 not being c means that an other node has rewritten the value of the bus capacity register REG2.
At step 535, the node judges whether or not rewriting has succeeded. If the rewriting has succeeded, the node 12 terminates the processing and, if otherwise, the node 12 returns to step S31.
Fig.7 is a flow chart showing the operating sequence of adding the bus capacity value to the value of the bus capacity f' register REG2, that is the operating sequence corresponding to the step S13 of Fig.4.
At step 541, the node 12 reads the value of the bus capacity register REG2, and sets it to a before proceeding to step S42.
At step 542, the node adds the capacity value of the bus whose end has come to a close to a and sets the sum to f before proceeding to step S43.
If at step S43 the value of the bus capacity register REG2 is e, the node 12 rewrites it to f before proceeding to step 544.
At step 544, the node 12 judges whether or not the rewriting has succeeded. If the rewriting has succeeded, the node 12 terminates the processing and, if otherwise, the node 12 returns to step S41. Since the meaning of each processing in the sequence of operations is apparent from the explanation given in connection with Figs.5 and 6, the corresponding description is omitted for simplicity.
The value to be stored in the bus capacity register REG2 is now explained.
In the present embodiment, the bus capacity register REG2 stores the un-used portion of the time period in the time period of synchronous communication cycle of 125 us that may be used for synchronous communication, as counted based on the basic clocks used for communication. Thus the register REG2 stored time-based values. If, as an example, the basic clock of communication in a bus system of 98.304 Mbps is 49.152 MHz, and 100 us within the ,wrv., period of 125 ~s is to be useable for synchronous communication, with the remaining 25 ~s being used for transmission of the cycle start packet csp shown in Fig.lO and for the asynchronous communication packets A and B, the maximum value of the bus capacity corresponds to 4915 basic clocks. Thus the bus capacity register REG2 is initially set to 4915 from which the number of clocks corresponding to the bus capacity value used for each channel allocation to the node 12 is subtracted.
For example, when starting the synchronous communication of Mbps, data equal to 1250 bits per synchronous communication cycle is transmitted. The time consumed for transmitting the data is equal to 625 basic clocks for transmitting data per se plus the overhead time consumed for bus arbitration or the like.
If the overhead is 1 us, corresponding to 50 basic clock periods, 675 is to be subtracted from the bus capacity register REG2.
If each node in the communication system is capable of communication with the basic clocks of plural different frequencies, for example, 49.152 MHz, 2 x 49.152 MHz or 4 x 49.152 MHz, and plural synchronous communication cycles are carried out at different basic clocks, it suffices to set the value stored in the bus capacity register REG2 so as to be equal to the value counted by a selected one of the plural basic clocks.
The operation when the constitution of the communication system has been changed during the synchronous communication has been changed is explained. If, for example, the cable between the nodes 21 and 23 between the nodes 23 and 24 in the communication system shown in Fig.B is disconnected during the synchronous communication, there is no bus management node in the communication system including the nodes 23 and 24.
For avoiding such problem, if a node is disconnected or connected during the synchronous communication, the node with the maximum address in the new construction of the communication system is set as a new bus management node. If the bus management node is determined, the node engaged in synchronous communication executes a channel acquisition sequence with respect to the new bus management node within a pre-set tome, while the node newly starting the synchronous communication executes the channel acquisition sequence after lapse of the pres-set time. It is possible for the node already engaged in synchronous communication to start the synchronous communication immediately and to execute the channel acquisition sequence as a parallel operation.
By so doing, if the bus management node is changed, channel allocation is made preferentially to the node engaged in synchronous communication before such change in the bus management node. Thus the state which has prevailed before change in the bus management node may be reflected in the registers REG1 and REG2 of the new bus management. node.
In the above explanation, it is assumed that all nodes in the communication system have the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2. If this is not the case, the nodes having the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2 are retrieved beginning from the node having the address (i) and the node found out first is set as the bus management node.
Industrial Applicability As discussed above in detail, the subject-matter of claim 1 provides a method for bus management in a system for performing synchronous communication between plural nodes connected to a bus, wherein, among the plural nodes, a pre-set node having first storage means for storing the channel use state and for storing the bus use state is set as a bus management node, each node reading out the contents of the first and second storage means when starting the synchronous communication. If there is any vacant channel or any vacant capacity, each node writes the number of the channel and the capacity of the bus started to be used in the first and second storage means, respectively. Since it is possible for the bus management node to manage the channel number and the bus capacity by simply responding to the readout command and the write command to the first storage means and to the second storage means, the method may be implemented by a simplified hardware.
The subject-matter of claim 2 provides for an arrangement in which each node has plural communication clocks of different frequencies. Since the communication cycles with different plural frequencies can be caused to co-exist from channel to channel, it becomes possible to cope with data with different transmission rates, such as video data or audio data.
The subject-matter of claim 3 provides for an arrangement in which, if the bus management node is changed within the pre-set time during the synchronous communication, the node already engaged in the synchronous communication executes the sequence of channel acquisition within a pre-set time. Consequently, channel allocation may be made preferentially to the node engaged in the synchronous communication before the bus management node is changed.
The subject-matter of claim 4 provides for an arrangement in which the node having the maximum address is set to the bus management node, so that the bus management node may be automatically determined when the root node is set.
The subject-matter of claim 5 provides for an arrangement in which the bus use state stored in the second storage means has time-based values, so that bus capacity management becomes possible even if the communication cycles with different rates co-exists from channel to channel.
Bus Management Method Technical Field This invention relates to a bus management method in a communication system in which AV apparatus, such as a video tape recorder (VTR) , a monitor or a tuner, are connected to a bus for exchanging digital video signals or digital audio signals.
Background Technology There has been entertained a communication system in which Av apparatus, such as a video tape recorder (VTR), a monitor or a tuner, are connected to a bus for exchanging digital video signals or digital audio signals.
Fig.B shows an example of such communication system, which is provided with a root node 21, a leaf node 22, a branch node 23, a leaf node 24 and a leaf node 25. Input/ output ports between the nodes 21 and 22, also referred to as nodes 21-22, hereinafter the same, the nodes 21-23, the nodes 23-24 and the nodes 23-25, are connected by two sets of twist pair cables. The nodes 21 to 25 are the digital VTRs, tuners or personal computers, as discussed above, each having one or more input/
output ports. Each node 21 to 25 has an amplifier and a relay enclosed therein. The communication system shown in Fig.8 is equivalent to a communication system in which the nodes 21 to 25 are connected to a bus 26.
The structure shown in Fig.8 is a hierarchical structure in s which the nodes 22 and 23 are connected in the lower layer relative to the node 21 and the nodes 24 and 25 are connected in the lower layer relative to the node 23 . In other words , the node 21 is a master node for the nodes 22 and 23, while the node 23 is a master node for the nodes 24 and 25. The sequence for determining such hierarchical structure is now explained.
If the nodes 21-22, 21-23, 23-24 and 23-25 are connected by cables, the node only one input/ output port of which is connected to an other node notifies the node to which it is connected that the latter node is the master node. In the case of Fig.8, the nodes 24 and 25 notify the node 23 of the fact that the node 23 is the master node, while the node 22 notifies the node 21 of the fat that the node 21 is the master node.
The node plural input/ output nodes of which are connected to other nodes notifies a node other than the node which has notified the firstly-stated node that the firstly-stated node is the master node that such other node is the master node. In the case of Fig.B, the node 23 notifies the node 21 that the node 21 is the master node, while the node 21 notifies the node 23 that the node 23 is the master node. Since in such case the nodes 21, 23 notify each other that the counterpart node is the master node, the node which has made such notification first becomes the master node. Fig.B shows a case in which the node 21 has become the master node.
The sequence of according an address to each node is f explained. Basically, the node address is accorded by the master node permitting an address to be accorded to a slave node. If there are plural slave nodes, addresses are accorded in the order of the smaller port numbers to which the slave nodes are connected.
In Fig.8, in which the node 22 is connected to a port #1 of the node 21 and the node 23 is connected to a port #2 of the node 22, the node 21 permits an address to be accorded to the node 22.
The node 22 accords the address (i) to itself and transmits data indicating that the address (i) has been accorded to itself over a bus 26. The node 21 then permits the node 23 to set its own address. The node 23 permits an address to be accorded to the node 24 connected to its port #1. The node 23 permits an address to be accorded to a node 25 connected to its port #2. The node 23 accords an address (iii) to itself. After having accorded addresses to its slave node 24 and slave node 25, the node 23 accords an address (iv) to itself. After )zaving accorded addresses to its slave node 22 and slave node 23, the node 21 accords an address (v) to itself.
With the present communication system, it is possible to carry out synchronous communication or continuous communication at a constant data rate and asynchronous communication for transmitting control commands, for example, non-periodically, that is whenever the necessity arises.
With the present communication system, communication is ' 4 carried out at a communication cycle having a pre-set period, such as 125 us, as shown in Fig.lO. The communication cycle starts with a cycle start packet csp, followed by a period for transmitting a packet for synchronous communication. By affixing channel numbers 1, 2, 3, ...N to the respective packets for synchronous communication, plural synchronous communication cycles may be carried out. For example, if the channel 1 is allocated to the communication from the node 22 to the node 23, communication is carried out by the node 22 transmitting the packet for synchronous communication having the channel number 1 directly after the cycle start packet csp and by the node 23 monitoring he bus 26 and fetching the packet for synchronous communication having the channel number 1. Similarly, the communication from the node 24 to the node 21 can be accorded to the channel 2, while the packet of a channel can be received by plural nodes.
If plural synchronous communication cycles are carried out, it is attempted to transmit the packets for synchronous communication over plural channels directly after the cycle start packet cps. In such case, the packet of synchronous communication of a channel is first transmitted by arbitration means (such as CSMA/CD) as determined by the bus 26. The packets of synchronous communication of other channels are then transmitted sequentially.
After termination of transmission of the packets of ,, synchronous communication of all of the channels, the time interval until the next cycle start packet csp is employed for asynchronous communication. To the packets for asynchronous communication (packets A and B in Fig.lO) are affixed addresses of the transmitting node and the receiving node. The respective nodes fetch the packets having the addresses proper to the nodes affixed thereto.
Since the details of the above-described communication system are publicized as "IEEE P1394 Serial Bus Design Statement, they are not explained herein specifically.
In order for the above-described communication system to operate correctly, it is necessary for the respective synchronous communication packets to have different channel numbers, while it is necessary for the sum total of the communication time of the synchronous communication packets of the respective channels not to exceed the period of the synchronous communication. To this end, it is necessary to check before the start of synchronous communication of a node that the communication capacity necessary for the communication is available on the bus and to have an un-used channel allocated for the communication if there is any residual communication capacity in the bus.
For supervising the communication capacity and the channel number employed for synchronous communication, it is commonplace practice that one of the nodes connected to a bus become a bus management node and to effect required management. In such case, other nodes indicate the communication capacity desired to be employed to the bus management node, using the asynchronous communication packet, and require channels to be allocated to them. The bus management node checks if the communication capacity in use added to the communication capacity newly requested does not exceed the maximum communication capacity of the bus. If the sum is not in excess of the maximum communication capacity of the bus, the bus management node notices the channel number and the effect of permission of synchronous communication. If the sum is in excess of the maximum communication capacity of the bus, the bus management node notices that the channel allocation is not permitted. After termination of the synchronous communication, the management node is notified of the channel number and the channel capacity which will not be in use.
Since the bus supervision is in need of complex processing operations, it is commonplace practice with the communication system centered about e.g., a personal computer to use the personal computer as a bus management node and to perform the processing operations using the software possessed by the personal computer. However, if this method is employed for the communication system between the AV apparatus, such as a digital VTR, tuner or a monitor, it becomes necessary to interconnect an apparatus having powerful data processing functions, such as personal computer, to the bus, in addition to the AV apparatus, e-.~"
thus raising the cost of the communication system.
In view of the above problem, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for realizing facilitated management of a bus in a system for carrying out synchronous communication between plural nodes connected to the bus.
Disclosure of the Invention The subject-matter of the claim 1 resides in a method for bus management in a system for performing synchronous communication between plural nodes connected to a bus in which, among the plural nodes, a pre-set node having first storage means for storing the channel use state and for storing the bus use state is set as a bus management node, each node reads out the contents of the first and second storage means when starting the synchronous communication, and in which, if there is any vacant channel or any vacant capacity, each node writes the number of the channel started to be used and the capacity of the bus started to be used in the first and second storage means, respectively. Thus the channel number and the bus capacity may be supervised by the bus management node by simply responding to the readout command and the write command to the first and second storage means.
The subject-matter of claim 2 resides in the method for bus management as claimed in claim 1 wherein each node ha plural communication clocks of different frequencies. Thus it is possible for each node to carry out communication by the ,r,, communication clocks of plural different frequencies so that there can exist communication of different speeds from channel to channel.
The subject-matter of claim 3 resides in the method for bus management as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein, if the bus management node is changed during the synchronous communication, the node already engaged in the synchronous communication executes the sequence of channel acquisition within a pre-set time. In this manner, the node already engaged in the synchronous communication executes the sequence of acquiring the channel within a pres-set time, while the node newly starting the synchronous communication executes the sequence of acquiring the channel after lapse of the pre-set time.
The subject-matter of claim 4 resides in the method for bus management as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the node having the maximum address is set as the bus management node. Thus, if a root node is determined, it becomes the bus management node.
The subject-matter of claim 5 resides in the method for bus management as claimed in claim 2 wherein the bus use state stored in the second storage means has time-based values. Thus it becomes possible for the bus use state to have time-based values .
Brief Description of the Drawings Fig.l is a block diagram showing a specified constitution of a communication system to which the present invention is applied.
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Fig.2 shows a practical constitution of a register for channels in use and a bus capacity register of a bus management node constituting the bus capacity register.
Fig.3 is a flow chart showing a practical example of the sequence of channel acquisition before starting synchronous communication.
Fig.4 is a flow chart for showing a practical example of the sequence of operations for channel restoration after termination of the synchronous communication.
Fig.S is a flow chart showing the sequence of setting the bits of the register for channels in use in order to avoid competition between nodes.
Fig.6 is a flow chart showing the sequence of subtracting the value of the bus capacity from the value of the bus capacity register in order to avoid competition between nodes.
Fig.7 is a flow chart showing the sequence of adding the value of the bus capacity to the value of the bus capacity register in order to avoid competition between nodes.
Fig.8 shows an example of a communication system for synchronous communication between plural nodes connected to the bus.
Fig.9 is a block diagram equivalently stating the above communication system.
Fig.lO shows an example of data construction on the bus in the above-mentioned communication system.
Best Mode for Carrying out the Invention Referring to the drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained in detail. Fig.l illustrates the concept of the present invention and Fig.2 shows examples of the construction of a register for channels in use and the bus capacity register shown in Fig. 1.
Referring to Fig.l, a bus management node 11 has the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2. The register for channels in use REG1 has the capacity of e.g., 32 bits, each of the bits (bit 0 to bit 31) representing the state of use of channels 0 to 31, with 1 indicating a channel in use and 0 indicating a channel not in use. As shown in Fig.2b, the bus capacity register REG2 has the capacity of e.g., 32 bits, thus having a value capable of indicating the residual bus capacity or the sum of the capacities in use.
Before starting the synchronous communication, an other node 12 in the communication system transmits a readout command to the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2 over a twist pair cable 13, using the asynchronous communication packet, and reads out the contents of the command over a twist pair cable 14 in order to confirm the number of the channel not in use and the residual capacity of the bus. If there is any channel not in use and there is any residual bus capacity, the other node 12 transmits write commands to the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2 so that ,:-roA>' the number of the channel in use and the capacity of the bus in use will be written in the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2. When starting the synchronous communication, the bus management node 11 issues write and readout commands to the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2 therein in order to effect processing in a similar manner.
If the present invention is applied to, for example, the communication system shown in Fig. B, the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2 are provided in the respective nodes. The bus management node 11 is the node 21 as a root node. If the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2 are provided in each of the respective nodes, bus management becomes possible no matter which node become the root node. Any node other than the root node may also be used as a bus management node.
Referring to Figs.3 to 7, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained in detail. In the flow charts, YES and NO in the decision steps are abbreviated to Y and N, respectively.
Fig.3 is a flow chart showing an example of the procedure for channel acquisition before starting the synchronous communication.
Referring to Fig.3, the node 12 effecting the synchronous communication transmits to the bus management node 11 a command for reading out the contents of the register for channels in use REG1. The contents of the register for channels in use REG1 thus read out are checked in order to give judgement if there is any bit 0. If there is no 0 bit, there is no vacant channel, so that the processing comes to a close. If there is a bit 0, the node 12 proceeds to step S2.
At step S2 , the node 12 transmits to the bus management node 11 a write command for setting the bit corresponding to the channel number desired to be employed. The node 12 then proceeds to step S3.
At step S3 , the node 12 transmits to the bus management node 11 a command for reading out the contents of the bus capacity register REG2, and checks the contents of the bus capacity register REG2 thus read out. The node 12 compares the value of the bus capacity register REG2, that is the residual capacity of the bus, to the value of the capacity to be newly in use. If the value of the bus capacity register REG2 is larger, synchronous communication is possible, so that the node 12 proceeds to step S4. If the value of the capacity to be newly in use is found at step S3 to be larger, synchronous communication cannot be carried out, so that the node 12 proceeds to step S6.
At step S4, the node 12 issues to the bus management node 12 a write command for setting a value equal to the value of the bus capacity register REG2 less the value of the capacity to be newly in use as a new value of the bus capacity register REG2.
The node 12 then proceeds to step S5. The node 12 starts the synchronous communication at step S5.
At step S6, the node 12 transmits a write command for re-setting to 0 the bit set to 1 at step S2 to the bus management node 11.
Fig.4 is a flow chart showing the sequence of operations of returning the channel after the end of the synchronous communication. In the following description, the description as to transmitting a readout command for reading the contents of the registers REG1 and REG2 and as to transmitting a write command for rewriting the register contents.
Referring to Fig.4, if the communication comes to a close at step 511 , the node 12 proceeds to step 512 , where the bit corresponding to the number of the channel of the register for channels in use REG1 which has ceased to be used is reset to 0.
At step S13, the node 12 adds the value of the capacity of the bus which has ceased to be used to the value of the register for channels in use REG1.
With the above-described sequence of operations, it is possible for the bus management node 11 to allocate the channels by a simplified operation of responding to the write command and the readout command. However, it may occur that, with such sequence of operations, correct processing cannot be made in the case of competition among plural nodes. The sequence of operations capable of coping with such case is explained by referring to Figs.5 to 7.
Fig.5 is a flow chart for setting the bit of the register for channels in use REG1, that is the operations corresponding to the steps S1 and S2 of Fig.3.
At step 521, the node 12 reads the value (binary number) of the register for channels in use REG1 and sets the value to a.
The node 12 then proceeds to step 522. At step 522, the node 12 judges whether or not there is a bit 0 in a. The foregoing processing is substantially the same as the step S1 of Fig.3.
If there is no bit 0 in a, the node 12 terminates the operational sequence of channel acquisition, since there is no vacant channel. If there is a bit 0 in a, the node 12 proceeds to step 523.
At strep S23 , the node 12 sets the value of the register REG1 in which the bit corresponding to the channel desired to be used for synchronous communication is set to 1 to b, before proceeding to step 524.
If at step S24 the value of the register for channels in use REG1 is a, the node 12 rewrites the value to b, before proceeding st step 525. That is, the processing at step S24 is the processing provided for evading the competition with other nodes .
This step S24 can be implemented by a node desiring to occupy a channel transmitting a command to the bus management node 11 for rewriting the value of the register for channels in use REG1 from a to b. The value of the register for channels in use REG1 being ,~Aa a means that an other node has not rewritten the value of the register for channels in use REG1 since the time the node 12 read at step S21 the value of the register for channels in use REG1 until step 524. Conversely, the value of the register for channels in use REG1 not being a means that an other node has rewritten the value of the register for channels in use REG1.
At step S25, the node 12 judges whether or not the rewriting has resulted in success. If the result is YES, that is the rewriting has succeeded, the node 12 terminates the operating sequence. If otherwise, the node 12 returns to step 521. The decision as to the success/ failure may be given based on the notice of the results of writing transmitted from the bus management node 11, or by reading out the value of the register for channels in use REG1 and checking whether or not it has been rewritten to b.
Fig.6 is a flow chart showing the operating sequence of subtracting the bus capacity value from the value of the bus capacity register REG2, that is the operating sequence corresponding to the steps S3 and S4.
At step 531, the node 12 reads the value of the bus capacity register REG2 and set the value to c. The node 12 then proceeds to step S32 in which the node 1?, judges which of c and the capacity value of the bus to be used newly is larger. The above processing is substantially the same as the step S3 shown in Fig.3. If c is smaller than the capacity value of the bus to be used newly, synchronous communication cannot be carried out, so the node 12 resets the value of the register for channels in use REG1 to its original value, as at step S6 shown in Fig.3.
If c is larger than the capacity value of the bus to be used newly, synchronous communication can carried out, so the node 12 proceeds to step 533.
At step 533, the node 12 subtracts the capacity value of the bus desired to be used from c to give d before proceeding to step 534.
If at step S34 the value of the bus capacity register REG2 is c, the node 12 rewrites it to d before proceeding to step S35.
That is, the step S34 is the processing for avoiding competition with other nodes. The value of the bus capacity register REG2 being c means that an other node has not rewritten the value of the bus capacity register REG2. since the time the node 12 has read out at step S31 the value of the bus capacity register REG2 until step 534. Conversely, the value of the bus capacity register REG2 not being c means that an other node has rewritten the value of the bus capacity register REG2.
At step 535, the node judges whether or not rewriting has succeeded. If the rewriting has succeeded, the node 12 terminates the processing and, if otherwise, the node 12 returns to step S31.
Fig.7 is a flow chart showing the operating sequence of adding the bus capacity value to the value of the bus capacity f' register REG2, that is the operating sequence corresponding to the step S13 of Fig.4.
At step 541, the node 12 reads the value of the bus capacity register REG2, and sets it to a before proceeding to step S42.
At step 542, the node adds the capacity value of the bus whose end has come to a close to a and sets the sum to f before proceeding to step S43.
If at step S43 the value of the bus capacity register REG2 is e, the node 12 rewrites it to f before proceeding to step 544.
At step 544, the node 12 judges whether or not the rewriting has succeeded. If the rewriting has succeeded, the node 12 terminates the processing and, if otherwise, the node 12 returns to step S41. Since the meaning of each processing in the sequence of operations is apparent from the explanation given in connection with Figs.5 and 6, the corresponding description is omitted for simplicity.
The value to be stored in the bus capacity register REG2 is now explained.
In the present embodiment, the bus capacity register REG2 stores the un-used portion of the time period in the time period of synchronous communication cycle of 125 us that may be used for synchronous communication, as counted based on the basic clocks used for communication. Thus the register REG2 stored time-based values. If, as an example, the basic clock of communication in a bus system of 98.304 Mbps is 49.152 MHz, and 100 us within the ,wrv., period of 125 ~s is to be useable for synchronous communication, with the remaining 25 ~s being used for transmission of the cycle start packet csp shown in Fig.lO and for the asynchronous communication packets A and B, the maximum value of the bus capacity corresponds to 4915 basic clocks. Thus the bus capacity register REG2 is initially set to 4915 from which the number of clocks corresponding to the bus capacity value used for each channel allocation to the node 12 is subtracted.
For example, when starting the synchronous communication of Mbps, data equal to 1250 bits per synchronous communication cycle is transmitted. The time consumed for transmitting the data is equal to 625 basic clocks for transmitting data per se plus the overhead time consumed for bus arbitration or the like.
If the overhead is 1 us, corresponding to 50 basic clock periods, 675 is to be subtracted from the bus capacity register REG2.
If each node in the communication system is capable of communication with the basic clocks of plural different frequencies, for example, 49.152 MHz, 2 x 49.152 MHz or 4 x 49.152 MHz, and plural synchronous communication cycles are carried out at different basic clocks, it suffices to set the value stored in the bus capacity register REG2 so as to be equal to the value counted by a selected one of the plural basic clocks.
The operation when the constitution of the communication system has been changed during the synchronous communication has been changed is explained. If, for example, the cable between the nodes 21 and 23 between the nodes 23 and 24 in the communication system shown in Fig.B is disconnected during the synchronous communication, there is no bus management node in the communication system including the nodes 23 and 24.
For avoiding such problem, if a node is disconnected or connected during the synchronous communication, the node with the maximum address in the new construction of the communication system is set as a new bus management node. If the bus management node is determined, the node engaged in synchronous communication executes a channel acquisition sequence with respect to the new bus management node within a pre-set tome, while the node newly starting the synchronous communication executes the channel acquisition sequence after lapse of the pres-set time. It is possible for the node already engaged in synchronous communication to start the synchronous communication immediately and to execute the channel acquisition sequence as a parallel operation.
By so doing, if the bus management node is changed, channel allocation is made preferentially to the node engaged in synchronous communication before such change in the bus management node. Thus the state which has prevailed before change in the bus management node may be reflected in the registers REG1 and REG2 of the new bus management. node.
In the above explanation, it is assumed that all nodes in the communication system have the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2. If this is not the case, the nodes having the register for channels in use REG1 and the bus capacity register REG2 are retrieved beginning from the node having the address (i) and the node found out first is set as the bus management node.
Industrial Applicability As discussed above in detail, the subject-matter of claim 1 provides a method for bus management in a system for performing synchronous communication between plural nodes connected to a bus, wherein, among the plural nodes, a pre-set node having first storage means for storing the channel use state and for storing the bus use state is set as a bus management node, each node reading out the contents of the first and second storage means when starting the synchronous communication. If there is any vacant channel or any vacant capacity, each node writes the number of the channel and the capacity of the bus started to be used in the first and second storage means, respectively. Since it is possible for the bus management node to manage the channel number and the bus capacity by simply responding to the readout command and the write command to the first storage means and to the second storage means, the method may be implemented by a simplified hardware.
The subject-matter of claim 2 provides for an arrangement in which each node has plural communication clocks of different frequencies. Since the communication cycles with different plural frequencies can be caused to co-exist from channel to channel, it becomes possible to cope with data with different transmission rates, such as video data or audio data.
The subject-matter of claim 3 provides for an arrangement in which, if the bus management node is changed within the pre-set time during the synchronous communication, the node already engaged in the synchronous communication executes the sequence of channel acquisition within a pre-set time. Consequently, channel allocation may be made preferentially to the node engaged in the synchronous communication before the bus management node is changed.
The subject-matter of claim 4 provides for an arrangement in which the node having the maximum address is set to the bus management node, so that the bus management node may be automatically determined when the root node is set.
The subject-matter of claim 5 provides for an arrangement in which the bus use state stored in the second storage means has time-based values, so that bus capacity management becomes possible even if the communication cycles with different rates co-exists from channel to channel.
Claims (30)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of managing a synchronous communication system having a bus and a plurality of devices, each of said devices having at least one port and wherein at least one device has a storage device for storing channel state information and bus state information, comprising the steps of:
connecting said plurality of devices to said bus;
determining a hierarchical order of said plurality of devices;
assigning an address to each of said plurality of devices in accordance with said hierarchical order;
designating one of said devices having said storage device as a bus management device, wherein said storage device of said bus management device is used for bus management;
reading said channel state information and said bus state information from said storage device of said bus management device by at least one of the remaining devices to establish a synchronous communication with another device on said bus, said at least one of the remaining devices acting as a transmitting device;
determining by said transmitting device whether said synchronous communication can be established between said transmitting device and said another device as a function of the read channel state information and said bus state information read by said transmitting device from said bus management device; and updating in said bus management device said channel state information and said bus state information by said transmitting device if it is determined said synchronous communication can be established.
connecting said plurality of devices to said bus;
determining a hierarchical order of said plurality of devices;
assigning an address to each of said plurality of devices in accordance with said hierarchical order;
designating one of said devices having said storage device as a bus management device, wherein said storage device of said bus management device is used for bus management;
reading said channel state information and said bus state information from said storage device of said bus management device by at least one of the remaining devices to establish a synchronous communication with another device on said bus, said at least one of the remaining devices acting as a transmitting device;
determining by said transmitting device whether said synchronous communication can be established between said transmitting device and said another device as a function of the read channel state information and said bus state information read by said transmitting device from said bus management device; and updating in said bus management device said channel state information and said bus state information by said transmitting device if it is determined said synchronous communication can be established.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein each of said plurality of devices is connected to at least one other device to provide a plurality of device connections; and wherein said hierarchical order is determined in accordance with said plurality of device connections.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein each device has a plurality of communication clocks of different frequencies.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein at least first and second devices have said storage device and wherein said second device having said storage device is designated as a new bus management device when said bus management node is unavailable.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of updating includes acquiring an unused channel of said bus by said transmitting device to establish said synchronous communication.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein said step of acquiring an unused channel includes:
reading by said transmitting device said channel state information from said storage device of said bus management device;
determining by said transmitting device if there is an unused channel on said bus from said channel state information; and updating said channel state information to indicate that said unused channel is occupied if it is determined that there is an unused channel on said bus.
reading by said transmitting device said channel state information from said storage device of said bus management device;
determining by said transmitting device if there is an unused channel on said bus from said channel state information; and updating said channel state information to indicate that said unused channel is occupied if it is determined that there is an unused channel on said bus.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein said step of updating further includes acquiring unused capacity of said bus by said transmitting device to establish said synchronous communication.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein said step of acquiring unused capacity includes:
reading by said transmitting device said bus state information from said storage device of said bus management device;
determining from said bus state information if there is sufficient capacity on said bus to establish said synchronous communication; and updating said bus state information if it is determined that there is sufficient capacity on said bus to establish said synchronous communication.
reading by said transmitting device said bus state information from said storage device of said bus management device;
determining from said bus state information if there is sufficient capacity on said bus to establish said synchronous communication; and updating said bus state information if it is determined that there is sufficient capacity on said bus to establish said synchronous communication.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein at least first and second devices have said storage device and wherein said second device having said storage device is designated as a new bus management device when said bus management device is unavailable; and further comprising the step of repeating said step of acquiring said unused channel and said unused capacity within a preset time by said transmitting device to recreate said channel state information and said bus state information, respectively, and reestablishing said synchronous communication using said storage means of said new bus management device.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein a new transmitting device is inhibited from reading said storage device of said new bus management device to establish a synchronous communication with said preset time to give priority to previously established communications when said bus management device is unavailable.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the bus state information stored in the storage device of said bus management device contains time-based values.
12. A method for managing a synchronous communication system having a bus and a plurality of devices, each of said devices having at least one port and wherein a subset of said plurality of devices has a storage device for storing bus state information, comprising the steps of:
connecting said plurality of devices to said bus;
determining a hierarchical order of said plurality of devices;
assigning an address to each of said plurality of devices in accordance with said hierarchical order;
designating a bus management device from said subset of devices, wherein said storage device of said bus management device is used for bus management;
reading by at least one of the remaining devices, which acts as a transmitting device, said bus state information from said storage device of said bus management device to establish a synchronous communication with another device on said bus;
determining by said transmitting device whether said synchronous communication can be established between said transmitting device and said another device as a function of the read bus state information read by said transmitting device from said bus management device; and updating in said bus management device said bus state information by said transmitting device if it is determined said synchronous communication can be established.
connecting said plurality of devices to said bus;
determining a hierarchical order of said plurality of devices;
assigning an address to each of said plurality of devices in accordance with said hierarchical order;
designating a bus management device from said subset of devices, wherein said storage device of said bus management device is used for bus management;
reading by at least one of the remaining devices, which acts as a transmitting device, said bus state information from said storage device of said bus management device to establish a synchronous communication with another device on said bus;
determining by said transmitting device whether said synchronous communication can be established between said transmitting device and said another device as a function of the read bus state information read by said transmitting device from said bus management device; and updating in said bus management device said bus state information by said transmitting device if it is determined said synchronous communication can be established.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein each of said plurality of devices is connected to at least one other device to provide a plurality of device connections; and wherein said hierarchical order is determined in accordance with said plurality of device connections.
14. A method for managing synchronous communication system having a bus and a plurality of devices, each of said devices having at least one port and wherein a subset of said plurality of devices has a storage device for storing channel state information, comprising the steps of:
connecting said plurality of devices to said bus;
determining a hierarchical order of said plurality of devices;
assigning an address to each of said plurality of devices in accordance with said hierarchical order;
designating a bus management device from said subset of devices, wherein said storage device of said bus management device is used for bus management;
reading by at least one of the remaining devices, which acts as a transmitting device, said channel state information from said storage device of said bus management device to establish a synchronous communication with another device on said bus;
determining by said transmitting device whether said synchronous communication can be established between said transmitting device and said another device as a function of the read channel state information read by said transmitting device from said bus management device; and updating in said bus management device said channel state information by said transmitting device if it is determined said synchronous communication can be established.
connecting said plurality of devices to said bus;
determining a hierarchical order of said plurality of devices;
assigning an address to each of said plurality of devices in accordance with said hierarchical order;
designating a bus management device from said subset of devices, wherein said storage device of said bus management device is used for bus management;
reading by at least one of the remaining devices, which acts as a transmitting device, said channel state information from said storage device of said bus management device to establish a synchronous communication with another device on said bus;
determining by said transmitting device whether said synchronous communication can be established between said transmitting device and said another device as a function of the read channel state information read by said transmitting device from said bus management device; and updating in said bus management device said channel state information by said transmitting device if it is determined said synchronous communication can be established.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein each of said plurality of devices is connected to at least one other device to provide a plurality of device connections; and wherein said hierarchical order is determined in accordance with said plurality of device connections.
16. A system for managing a synchronous communication system having a bus and a plurality of devices, each of said devices having at least one port and wherein at least one device has a storage device for storing channel state information and bus state information, comprising:
connecting means for connecting said plurality of devices to said bus;
determining means for determining a hierarchical order of said plurality of devices;
assigning means for assigning an address to each of said plurality of devices in accordance with said hierarchical order;
designating means for designating one of said devices having said storage device as a bus management device, wherein said storage device of said bus management device is used for bus management;
reading means for reading said channel state information and said bus state information from said storage device of said bus management device by at least one of the remaining devices to establish a synchronous communication with another device on said bus, said at least one of the remaining devices acting as a transmitting device;
wherein, said transmitting device determines whether said synchronous communication can be established between said transmitting device and said another device as a function of said channel state information and the read bus state information read by said transmitting device from said bus management device; and updating means for updating in said bus management device said channel state information and said bus state information by said transmitting device if it is determined said synchronous communication can be established.
connecting means for connecting said plurality of devices to said bus;
determining means for determining a hierarchical order of said plurality of devices;
assigning means for assigning an address to each of said plurality of devices in accordance with said hierarchical order;
designating means for designating one of said devices having said storage device as a bus management device, wherein said storage device of said bus management device is used for bus management;
reading means for reading said channel state information and said bus state information from said storage device of said bus management device by at least one of the remaining devices to establish a synchronous communication with another device on said bus, said at least one of the remaining devices acting as a transmitting device;
wherein, said transmitting device determines whether said synchronous communication can be established between said transmitting device and said another device as a function of said channel state information and the read bus state information read by said transmitting device from said bus management device; and updating means for updating in said bus management device said channel state information and said bus state information by said transmitting device if it is determined said synchronous communication can be established.
17. The system of claim 16, wherein each of said plurality of devices is connected to at least one other device to provide a plurality of device connections; and wherein said hierarchical order is determined in accordance with said plurality of device connections.
18. The system of claim 16, wherein each device includes a plurality of communication clocks of different frequencies.
19. The system of claim 16, wherein at least first and second devices have said storage device and wherein said second device having said storage device is designated as a new bus management device when said bus management node is unavailable.
20. The system of claim 16, wherein said updating means acquires an unused channel of said bus by said transmitting device to establish said synchronous communication.
21. The system of claim 20, wherein said updating means reads said channel state information from said storage device of said bus management device, determines if there is an unused channel on said bus from said channel state information and updates said channel state information to indicate that said unused channel is occupied if it is determined that there is an unused channel on said bus.
22. The system of claim 21, wherein said updating means acquires unused capacity of said bus to establish said synchronous communication.
23. The system of claim 22, wherein said updating means reads said bus state information from said storage device of said bus management device, determines from said bus state information if there is sufficient capacity on said bus to establish said synchronous communication, and updates said bus state information if it is determined that there is sufficient capacity on said bus to establish said synchronous communication.
24. The system of claim 22, wherein at least first and second devices have said storage device and wherein said second device having said storage device is designated as a new bus management device when said bus management device is unavailable; wherein said updating means acquires said unused channel and said unused capacity within a preset time by said transmitting device to recreate said channel state information and said bus state information, respectively, and reestablishing said synchronous communication using said storage means of said new bus management device.
25. The system of claim 24, wherein a new transmitting device is inhibited from reading said storage device of said new bus management device to establish a synchronous communication within said preset time to give priority to previously established communications when said bus management device is unavailable.
26. The system of claim 24, wherein the bus state information stored in the storage device of said bus management device contains time-based values.
27. A system for managing a synchronous communication system having a bus and a plurality of devices, each of said devices having at least one port and wherein a subset of said plurality of devices has a storage device for storing bus state information, comprising:
connecting means for connecting said plurality of devices to said bus;
determining means for determining a hierarchical order of said plurality of devices;
assigning means for assigning an address to each of said plurality of devices in accordance with said hierarchical order;
designating means for designating a bus management device from said subset of devices, wherein said storage device of said bus management device is used for bus management;
reading means for reading by at least one of the remaining devices, which acts as a transmitting device, said bus state information from said storage device of said bus management device to establish a synchronous communication with another device on said bus;
wherein said transmitting device determines whether said synchronous communication can be established between said transmitting device and said another device as a function of the read bus state information read by said transmitting device from said bus management device; and updating means for updating in said bus management device said bus state information by said transmitting device if it is determined said synchronous communication can be established.
connecting means for connecting said plurality of devices to said bus;
determining means for determining a hierarchical order of said plurality of devices;
assigning means for assigning an address to each of said plurality of devices in accordance with said hierarchical order;
designating means for designating a bus management device from said subset of devices, wherein said storage device of said bus management device is used for bus management;
reading means for reading by at least one of the remaining devices, which acts as a transmitting device, said bus state information from said storage device of said bus management device to establish a synchronous communication with another device on said bus;
wherein said transmitting device determines whether said synchronous communication can be established between said transmitting device and said another device as a function of the read bus state information read by said transmitting device from said bus management device; and updating means for updating in said bus management device said bus state information by said transmitting device if it is determined said synchronous communication can be established.
28. The system of claim 27, wherein each of said plurality of devices is connected to at least one other device to provide a plurality of device connections; and wherein said hierarchical order is determined in accordance with said plurality of device connections.
29. A system for managing synchronous communication system having a bus and a plurality of devices, each of said devices having at least one port and wherein a subset of said plurality of devices has a storage device for storing channel state information, comprising:
connecting means for connecting said plurality of devices to said bus;
determining means for determining a hierarchical order of said plurality of devices;
assigning means for assigning an address to each of said plurality of devices in accordance with said hierarchical order;
designating means for designating a bus management device from said subset of devices, wherein said storage device of said bus management device is used for bus management;
reading means for reading by at least one of the remaining devices, which acts as a transmitting device, said channel state information from said storage device of said bus management device to establish a synchronous communication with another device on said bus;
wherein said transmitting device determines whether said synchronous communication can be established between said transmitting device and said another device as a function of the read channel state information read by said transmitting device from said bus management device; and updating means for updating in said bus management device said channel state information by said transmitting device if it is determined said synchronous communication can be established.
connecting means for connecting said plurality of devices to said bus;
determining means for determining a hierarchical order of said plurality of devices;
assigning means for assigning an address to each of said plurality of devices in accordance with said hierarchical order;
designating means for designating a bus management device from said subset of devices, wherein said storage device of said bus management device is used for bus management;
reading means for reading by at least one of the remaining devices, which acts as a transmitting device, said channel state information from said storage device of said bus management device to establish a synchronous communication with another device on said bus;
wherein said transmitting device determines whether said synchronous communication can be established between said transmitting device and said another device as a function of the read channel state information read by said transmitting device from said bus management device; and updating means for updating in said bus management device said channel state information by said transmitting device if it is determined said synchronous communication can be established.
30. The system of claim 29, wherein each of said plurality of devices is connected to at least one other device to provide a plurality of device connections; and wherein said hierarchical order is determined in accordance with said plurality of device connections.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20005593A JP3194318B2 (en) | 1993-07-19 | 1993-07-19 | Bus management method |
| JPP5-200055 | 1993-07-19 | ||
| CA002144970A CA2144970C (en) | 1993-07-19 | 1994-07-19 | Bus management method |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002144970A Division CA2144970C (en) | 1993-07-19 | 1994-07-19 | Bus management method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2351189A1 CA2351189A1 (en) | 1995-02-02 |
| CA2351189C true CA2351189C (en) | 2002-09-24 |
Family
ID=25677846
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002351189A Expired - Lifetime CA2351189C (en) | 1993-07-19 | 1994-07-19 | Bus management method |
| CA002351184A Expired - Lifetime CA2351184C (en) | 1993-07-19 | 1994-07-19 | Bus management method |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002351184A Expired - Lifetime CA2351184C (en) | 1993-07-19 | 1994-07-19 | Bus management method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (2) | CA2351189C (en) |
-
1994
- 1994-07-19 CA CA002351189A patent/CA2351189C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-07-19 CA CA002351184A patent/CA2351184C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2351184C (en) | 2002-09-24 |
| CA2351189A1 (en) | 1995-02-02 |
| CA2351184A1 (en) | 1995-02-02 |
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