CA2350287A1 - Holding furnace particularly for vacuum die-casting apparatus - Google Patents
Holding furnace particularly for vacuum die-casting apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2350287A1 CA2350287A1 CA002350287A CA2350287A CA2350287A1 CA 2350287 A1 CA2350287 A1 CA 2350287A1 CA 002350287 A CA002350287 A CA 002350287A CA 2350287 A CA2350287 A CA 2350287A CA 2350287 A1 CA2350287 A1 CA 2350287A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- lid
- molten material
- die
- bucket
- furnace
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/28—Melting pots
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/32—Controlling equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
- C21B3/10—Slag pots; Slag cars
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/006—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with use of an inert protective material including the use of an inert gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/04—Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/10—Crucibles
- F27B14/12—Covers therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/0881—Two or more crucibles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/18—Door frames; Doors, lids, removable covers
- F27D1/1808—Removable covers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2001/00—Composition, conformation or state of the charge
- F27M2001/01—Charges containing mainly non-ferrous metals
- F27M2001/012—Aluminium
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
A holding furnace, particularly for a die-casting apparatus, comprising a bucket which can be heated, is adapted to contain molten material and is provided with a lid which can be opened and is shaped substantially like an inverted cup; the lid is provided with at least one opening for introducing protective gas having a higher relative density than air and adapted to generate an atmosphere for protection from contact with air for the molten material at regions that are free from the containment means walls of the bucket.
Description
The present invention relates to a holding furnace particularly for a die-casting apparatus.
s In the die-casting process, the main step consists in injecting a specific amount of molten metallic material in a die; optionally, in the case of vacuum die-casting; this is done after producing a vacuum inside the die.
In terms of plant maintenance and amortization costs, the die-casting process is highly advantageous if it relates to the production of large batches io meant for high-volume mass-manufacturing lines.
The recent trend is to use light alloys to produce castings to be used as structural elements and/or components, such as for example car chassis and body parts of assembly-line vehicles.
Standard die-casting apparatuses, however, are scarcely suited for the is production of vehicle frame or body components due to their brittle fracture behavior and to the porosity of the resulting castings.
It is in fact currently impossible to produce Al-Mg alloy castings, because such castings are full of porosities, with a high number of inclusions of gas and impurities.
ao Brittle fracture, porosity and inclusions are unacceptable in castings which should be welded and which are required, in various forms, to have high plastic deformation properties.
The main causes of the above mentioned problems are the very structure and geometry of the parts that constitute standard die-casting apparatuses.
Zs Before injection into the die, tl~e molten material is retained in a holding furnace.
The holding furnaces currently in use are substantially constituted by containment bowls in which the molten material is kept at a constant temperature.
3o However, the material contained in the furnace is in contact with ' 2 contaminating atmospheres constituted for example by air, consequently generating oxides and forming inclusions of gas inside the casting.
Moreover, slag is sometimes present on the containment walls of the furnace and may compromise the purity of the casting and therefore its final s mechanical characteristics.
The aim of the present invention is to provide a holding furnace whose structure is such as to solve the above noted problems observed in conventional holding furnaces.
to Within this aim, an object of the present invention is to provide a furnace having such a structure that the molten material never makes contact with contaminating atmospheres or slag.
Another object of the invention is to provide a furnace which allows to work in a protective gas atmosphere.
is Another object of the invention is to provide a holding furnace having a particularly simple structure.
This aim and these and other objects and others which will become better apparent hereinafter are achieved by a holding furnace, particularly for a die-casting apparatus, characterized in that it comprises a bucket which can ao be heated, is adapted to contain molten material and is provided with a lid which can be opened and is shaped substantially like an inverted cup, said lid being provided with at least one opening for introducing a protective gas having a higher relative density than air and adapted to generate an atmosphere for protection from contact with air for said molten material at 2s regions that are free from the containment means of the bucket.
Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become better apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment thereof, illustrated only by way of 3o non-limitative example in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is a sectional view of a furnace according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a plan view of a portion of a die-casting apparatus in which a furnace having the structure according to the invention is used.
s With reference to the figures, a holding furnace according to the invention is generally designated by the reference numeral 10.
The furnace 10 is constituted by a substantially hollow body 11 which contains a bucket 12 for containing molten metallic material.
io Heating elements 13 are provided on internal walls of the body 11 and are adapted to maintain the temperature of the molten material contained in the bucket 12.
The containment bucket 12 is provided with a lid 14 which is substantially shaped like an inverted cup and in which a protective gas, is advantageously nitrogen, is contained which is adapted to generate an atmosphere for continuous protection against contact with air for the material contained in the bucket 12, at the surface that is not affected by the containment walls of the bucket 12.
Since nitrogen is a gas which is heavier than air, the danger of contact Zo between air and molten material, and therefore the generation of oxides which generate inclusions, is eliminated both when the lid 14 is closed and when it is open.
The lid 14 is provided with openings 15 for introducing the protective gas and with openings for placing probes 16 which are adapted to detect the Zs physical characteristics of the gas..
In this case, the probe 16 is a thermocouple which detects the temperature of the gas.
The bucket 12 further has rounded walls which follow the revolving motion of a mixer 17 which allows to clean and degas the molten material.
3o Moreover, the rounded walls facilitate the cleaning of any slag by virtue ' 4 of corresponding cleaning means, which are not shown in the figure but are in any case of a per se known type.
The lid 14 can of course be opened to allow the insertion of the mixer 17 and the loading of the molten material.
s In a die-casting apparatus it is possible to use two holding furnaces 10a and 10b mounted on a turntable 18.
The turntable 18 is circular and the two furnaces 10a and 10b are mounted in diametrically opposite positions.
Means for moving the turntable are associated with the turntable 18 and to also comprise a motor 19.
In a region below the turntable 18, at the floor, there is a duct 20 in which protective gas flows; the gas arrives from a station, not shown in the figure, and flows toward the inlets 15a and 15b of the corresponding holding furnaces 10a and 10b.
is When the furnace 10b is located at the mixer 17, the corresponding lid 14b opens to allow the insertion of the mixer 17 and the loading of the material by means of the loading channel 21.
The mixer 17 is then removed from the furnace 10b, the lid 14b is closed, and the turntable 18 turns until the furnace 18b is in the position that is ao occupied in Figure 2 by the furnace 10a, from which the molten material is taken in order to be loaded into injection units, not shown, of the die-casting apparatus.
At this point, it is the furnace l0a that is subjected to the cleaning and degassing operation by means of the mixer 17 and to loading with new 2s molten material.
In practice it has been observed that the present invention has achieved the intended aim and objects.
A holding furnace has been in fact provided which allows to keep constantly in contact with a protective gas atmosphere the regions that are 3o not affected by the means for containing the molten material.
' S
Accordingly, one of the main problems of using light alloys, such as Al-Mg alloys, in standard and innovative die-casting apparatuses is eliminated if a holding furnace having the structure according to the invention is used.
The technical details may be replaced with other technically equivalent s elements.
The materials, so long as they are compatible with the contingent use, as well as the dimensions, may be any according to requirements.
s In the die-casting process, the main step consists in injecting a specific amount of molten metallic material in a die; optionally, in the case of vacuum die-casting; this is done after producing a vacuum inside the die.
In terms of plant maintenance and amortization costs, the die-casting process is highly advantageous if it relates to the production of large batches io meant for high-volume mass-manufacturing lines.
The recent trend is to use light alloys to produce castings to be used as structural elements and/or components, such as for example car chassis and body parts of assembly-line vehicles.
Standard die-casting apparatuses, however, are scarcely suited for the is production of vehicle frame or body components due to their brittle fracture behavior and to the porosity of the resulting castings.
It is in fact currently impossible to produce Al-Mg alloy castings, because such castings are full of porosities, with a high number of inclusions of gas and impurities.
ao Brittle fracture, porosity and inclusions are unacceptable in castings which should be welded and which are required, in various forms, to have high plastic deformation properties.
The main causes of the above mentioned problems are the very structure and geometry of the parts that constitute standard die-casting apparatuses.
Zs Before injection into the die, tl~e molten material is retained in a holding furnace.
The holding furnaces currently in use are substantially constituted by containment bowls in which the molten material is kept at a constant temperature.
3o However, the material contained in the furnace is in contact with ' 2 contaminating atmospheres constituted for example by air, consequently generating oxides and forming inclusions of gas inside the casting.
Moreover, slag is sometimes present on the containment walls of the furnace and may compromise the purity of the casting and therefore its final s mechanical characteristics.
The aim of the present invention is to provide a holding furnace whose structure is such as to solve the above noted problems observed in conventional holding furnaces.
to Within this aim, an object of the present invention is to provide a furnace having such a structure that the molten material never makes contact with contaminating atmospheres or slag.
Another object of the invention is to provide a furnace which allows to work in a protective gas atmosphere.
is Another object of the invention is to provide a holding furnace having a particularly simple structure.
This aim and these and other objects and others which will become better apparent hereinafter are achieved by a holding furnace, particularly for a die-casting apparatus, characterized in that it comprises a bucket which can ao be heated, is adapted to contain molten material and is provided with a lid which can be opened and is shaped substantially like an inverted cup, said lid being provided with at least one opening for introducing a protective gas having a higher relative density than air and adapted to generate an atmosphere for protection from contact with air for said molten material at 2s regions that are free from the containment means of the bucket.
Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become better apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment thereof, illustrated only by way of 3o non-limitative example in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is a sectional view of a furnace according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a plan view of a portion of a die-casting apparatus in which a furnace having the structure according to the invention is used.
s With reference to the figures, a holding furnace according to the invention is generally designated by the reference numeral 10.
The furnace 10 is constituted by a substantially hollow body 11 which contains a bucket 12 for containing molten metallic material.
io Heating elements 13 are provided on internal walls of the body 11 and are adapted to maintain the temperature of the molten material contained in the bucket 12.
The containment bucket 12 is provided with a lid 14 which is substantially shaped like an inverted cup and in which a protective gas, is advantageously nitrogen, is contained which is adapted to generate an atmosphere for continuous protection against contact with air for the material contained in the bucket 12, at the surface that is not affected by the containment walls of the bucket 12.
Since nitrogen is a gas which is heavier than air, the danger of contact Zo between air and molten material, and therefore the generation of oxides which generate inclusions, is eliminated both when the lid 14 is closed and when it is open.
The lid 14 is provided with openings 15 for introducing the protective gas and with openings for placing probes 16 which are adapted to detect the Zs physical characteristics of the gas..
In this case, the probe 16 is a thermocouple which detects the temperature of the gas.
The bucket 12 further has rounded walls which follow the revolving motion of a mixer 17 which allows to clean and degas the molten material.
3o Moreover, the rounded walls facilitate the cleaning of any slag by virtue ' 4 of corresponding cleaning means, which are not shown in the figure but are in any case of a per se known type.
The lid 14 can of course be opened to allow the insertion of the mixer 17 and the loading of the molten material.
s In a die-casting apparatus it is possible to use two holding furnaces 10a and 10b mounted on a turntable 18.
The turntable 18 is circular and the two furnaces 10a and 10b are mounted in diametrically opposite positions.
Means for moving the turntable are associated with the turntable 18 and to also comprise a motor 19.
In a region below the turntable 18, at the floor, there is a duct 20 in which protective gas flows; the gas arrives from a station, not shown in the figure, and flows toward the inlets 15a and 15b of the corresponding holding furnaces 10a and 10b.
is When the furnace 10b is located at the mixer 17, the corresponding lid 14b opens to allow the insertion of the mixer 17 and the loading of the material by means of the loading channel 21.
The mixer 17 is then removed from the furnace 10b, the lid 14b is closed, and the turntable 18 turns until the furnace 18b is in the position that is ao occupied in Figure 2 by the furnace 10a, from which the molten material is taken in order to be loaded into injection units, not shown, of the die-casting apparatus.
At this point, it is the furnace l0a that is subjected to the cleaning and degassing operation by means of the mixer 17 and to loading with new 2s molten material.
In practice it has been observed that the present invention has achieved the intended aim and objects.
A holding furnace has been in fact provided which allows to keep constantly in contact with a protective gas atmosphere the regions that are 3o not affected by the means for containing the molten material.
' S
Accordingly, one of the main problems of using light alloys, such as Al-Mg alloys, in standard and innovative die-casting apparatuses is eliminated if a holding furnace having the structure according to the invention is used.
The technical details may be replaced with other technically equivalent s elements.
The materials, so long as they are compatible with the contingent use, as well as the dimensions, may be any according to requirements.
Claims (4)
1. A holding furnace, particularly for a die-casting apparatus, comprising a bucket which can be heated, is adapted to contain molten material and is provided with a lid which can be opened and is shaped substantially like an inverted cup, said lid being provided with at least one opening for introducing a protective gas having a higher relative density than air and adapted to generate an atmosphere for protection from contact with air for said molten material at regions that are free from the containment walls of the bucket.
2. The furnace according to claim 1, wherein said lid is provided with at least one probe for detecting at least one physical characteristic of the protective gas.
3. The furnace according to claim 2, wherein said at least one physical characteristic to be detected is the temperature of the protective gas.
4. The furnace according to claim 1, wherein said protective gas is nitrogen.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITPD2000U000046 | 2000-06-20 | ||
| IT2000PD000046U IT249397Y1 (en) | 2000-06-20 | 2000-06-20 | STRUCTURE OF PARKING OVEN, PARTICULARLY FOR VACUUM PRESSURE CASTING SYSTEM. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2350287A1 true CA2350287A1 (en) | 2001-12-20 |
Family
ID=11451833
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002350287A Abandoned CA2350287A1 (en) | 2000-06-20 | 2001-06-12 | Holding furnace particularly for vacuum die-casting apparatus |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20010052662A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1166924A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002001519A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR0102439A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2350287A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT249397Y1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2006231902B2 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2010-11-25 | National Printing Bureau, Incorporated Administrative Agency | Printed matter, method and device for detecting such printed matter, and authentication method and device |
| CN102261841B (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2013-02-13 | 南通汉瑞实业有限公司 | Crucible cover, manufacturing method thereof and crucible furnace provided with crucible cover |
| CN104390456B (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2016-06-29 | 浙江宇辰工业炉有限公司 | Metal homogenizing fusing stove |
| BR202017000383Y1 (en) * | 2016-01-10 | 2022-05-31 | Amsted Rail Company, Inc | Locking mechanism for a tank body and tank cover of a pressure tank |
| CN106694864B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-03-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of container for accommodating metal bath and the method for increasing furnace wall back pressure |
| CN112762711B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-09-02 | 山西江淮重工有限责任公司 | Melt protection device and melt protection method |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE86908C (en) * | ||||
| US2232886A (en) * | 1938-10-20 | 1941-02-25 | Magnesium Elektron Ltd | Melting and casting of metals |
| EP0017331B1 (en) * | 1979-03-21 | 1983-06-15 | Promagco Limited | Improvements relating to hot chamber die-casting |
| CH629130A5 (en) * | 1979-06-07 | 1982-04-15 | Mezger Ed Maschinenfabrik & Ei | AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLED CASTING INSTALLATION. |
| DE4403285A1 (en) * | 1994-01-31 | 1995-08-03 | Alexander Fischer | Dosing furnace used in metallurgy |
-
2000
- 2000-06-20 IT IT2000PD000046U patent/IT249397Y1/en active
-
2001
- 2001-06-01 JP JP2001166814A patent/JP2002001519A/en active Pending
- 2001-06-06 EP EP01112946A patent/EP1166924A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-06-12 CA CA002350287A patent/CA2350287A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-12 US US09/878,235 patent/US20010052662A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-19 BR BR0102439-6A patent/BR0102439A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ITPD20000046U1 (en) | 2001-12-20 |
| ITPD20000046V0 (en) | 2000-06-20 |
| BR0102439A (en) | 2002-02-19 |
| JP2002001519A (en) | 2002-01-08 |
| US20010052662A1 (en) | 2001-12-20 |
| EP1166924A1 (en) | 2002-01-02 |
| IT249397Y1 (en) | 2003-05-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |