CA2292218A1 - A laminated wood building material and a method for forming thereof - Google Patents
A laminated wood building material and a method for forming thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2292218A1 CA2292218A1 CA 2292218 CA2292218A CA2292218A1 CA 2292218 A1 CA2292218 A1 CA 2292218A1 CA 2292218 CA2292218 CA 2292218 CA 2292218 A CA2292218 A CA 2292218A CA 2292218 A1 CA2292218 A1 CA 2292218A1
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- Prior art keywords
- lamina
- building material
- laminated wood
- laminated
- wood building
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
- E04C3/122—Laminated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
- B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
- B27M3/0026—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected laterally
- B27M3/0053—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected laterally using glue
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
- B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
- B27M3/006—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected both laterally and at their ends
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
A laminated wood building material formed by laminating a plurality of wood laminae and a method for forming thereof are disclosed. The laminated wood building material comprises an outer lamina 1 having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19%, and an inner lamina 2 formed by laminating a plurality of wood boards, the inner lamina 2 being laminated and bonded between the outer laminae 1. The laminated wood building material may further comprise a wood end lamina 3 having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19%.
Description
A laminated wood building material and a method for forming thereof DESCRIPTION
BACKGROUND of THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a laminated wood building material, and more particularly relates to a laminated wood building material formed by laminating a plurality of wood members and a method for forming thereof .
In a prior art, various wood materials have been widely used as building materials. Structural members used in a conventional construction method are generally formed by virgin lumber. When such virgin lumber is used as structural members of a building, particularly a wooden house, many problems may be caused because the lumber contains water.
For example, non-dried lumber contracts about 15-l8mm per beam of 30cm-36cm, i. e. , about 5~ due to dry up of the lumber.
When the non-dried lumber is used as structural members , an inclination of floor and a leak in the roof may be caused.
Recently, requirements for the wooden house become higher and higher, and the inclination of the floor and the leak in the roof caused by the contraction of the lumber must be avoided.
Conventionally, lumber which is artificially dried, i.e., artificially dried lumber is provided in order for reducing the problems caused by the contraction of the lumber used f or the structural members. The artificially dried lumber in which a water content percentage is reduced to be about 12~ is costly high and still contracts in a relatively large amount. The artificially dried lumber also tends to result in short length and short width as well as cracks under an artificially drying process. Then it is not widely distributed yet.
Laminated lumber, which is formed by laminating a plurality of wood boards has been proposed in order for improving the defects of the above-mentioned artificially dried lumber. The laminated lumber has advantages in which the contraction by the drying thereof may reduced and necessary structural strength is provided through lamination of a plurality of thin wood boards which can be dried easier than thick lumber. However, the laminated lumber is costly high with respect to the non-dried wood material, and therefore, use of such laminated lumber is not accepted widely.
The conventional laminated lumber is produced by forming finger joints at adjacent ends of longitudinally segmented laminae. The finger joints formed between the ends of the segmented laminae are formed by mutually engaging the ends and bonding the ends using an adhesive in the conventional laminated lumber. The conventional laminated lumber requires working for forming the finger joints to each longitudinal segmented lamina. The machining consumes working time and a cost so that the availability of the laminated lumber may be limited. Also, since specifications for the wooden house become increasingly higher and higher, percentages of the artificially dried lumber and the laminated lumber among the wood building material are expected to become higher and higher. Therefore, it is long expected to provide a laminated wood building material having high quality and being formed in a low cost.
Japanese Patent Publication No. Heisei 8-187706 discloses laminated lumber having sufficient strength and being formed in a cost-effective manner. Although, the laminated lumber disclosed improves only the strength and production cost rather than contraction thereof, and the laminated wood material disclosed does not use an outer lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19~. In addition, the laminated lumber disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Heisei 8-187706 does not disclose an end lamina and use of an inner lamina made from plywood.
Japanese Patent Publication No. Heisei 9-174518 discloses a laminated lumber formed only by laminated veneer lumber jointed through finger joints. The joint portions thereof are placed longitudinally apart one another.
However, the laminated wood material comprises only plywood and does not disclose use of the outer lamina as well as the end lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19~. Therefore, the laminated lumber may not have sufficient strength to use the structural members and may be difficult to form joint portions at the end of the laminated lumber.
SUMMARY of THE INVENTION
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a laminated wood building material that is produced easier than the conventional laminated lumber and is also produced using wood effectively.
Further another object of the present invention is to provide a laminated wood building material having sufficient strength and size stability.
Further another object of the present invention is to provide a low cost laminated wood building material.
Further another object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming the laminated. wood building material having above features.
According to the present invention, a laminated wood building material comprising an outer lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19~, and an inner lamina formed by laminating a plurality of wood boards , the inner lamina being laminated and bonded between the outer laminae is provided.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the wood board may preferably comprise a plurality of board segments adjacent longitudinally each other to form joint portions, and the joint portions of the board segments in the adjacent wood boards are placed longitudinally apart one another.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the joint portions of the board segments may preferably extend along to a lamination direction of the boards.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the inner lamina may preferably be sized to shorter than the outer lamina, and end laminae made from wood are disposed at both ends of the inner lamina, the end laminae having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19~ and having a thickness of about the inner lamina.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the outer lamina and the end lamina may preferably be formed from members made from the same material.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the end lamina may preferably have a length equal to or less than 20~ of the outer lamina.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the end lamina may preferably have a length equal to or less than 20~ of the outer lamina.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the board segments may preferably be formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, OSL, and lauan.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, reinforce members may preferably be inserted into the outer lamina along to a lamination direction, and the reinforce members are disposed in staggered arrangement.
According to the present invention, a method for forming a laminated wood building material comprises steps of: laminating an inner lamina between a wood outer lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19~, the inner lamina formed by a plurality of wood boards , the wood boards comprising a plurality of boards segments adjacent each other to form a joint portion, the joint portions of the board segments being positioned longitudinally apart each other, and bonding the inner lamina and the outer lamina one another.
In the method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention further may further comprise a step of laminating an end lamina between the outer laminae, the end lamina being made from wood and being disposed at both ends of the inner lamina, the end lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19~ and having a thickness of about the inner lamina.
In the method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the board segments may preferably be formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, OSL, and lauan.
In the method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the board segments are formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, and OSL.
In the method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the outer lamina and the end lamina may preferably be formed from members made of the same material.
According to the present invention, a method for forming a laminated wood building material comprises steps of : placing board segments on a outer lamina so that joint portions thereof may be positioned longitudinally apart one another; placing an outer lamina on the board segments; and laminating and bonding and inner lamina and the outer lamina simultaneously.
In the method f or forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the method may preferably comprise a step of : laminating an end lamina between the outer laminae, the end lamina being made from wood and being disposed at both ends of the inner lamina, the end lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19~ and having a thickness of about the inner lamina .
In the method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the board segments may preferably be formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, OSL, and lauan.
In the method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the board segments may preferably be formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, OSL, and lauan.
In the method f or forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the outer lamina and the end lamina may preferably be formed from members made from the same wood.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION of THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 shows a representative perspective view of the laminated wood building material of the present invention.
BACKGROUND of THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a laminated wood building material, and more particularly relates to a laminated wood building material formed by laminating a plurality of wood members and a method for forming thereof .
In a prior art, various wood materials have been widely used as building materials. Structural members used in a conventional construction method are generally formed by virgin lumber. When such virgin lumber is used as structural members of a building, particularly a wooden house, many problems may be caused because the lumber contains water.
For example, non-dried lumber contracts about 15-l8mm per beam of 30cm-36cm, i. e. , about 5~ due to dry up of the lumber.
When the non-dried lumber is used as structural members , an inclination of floor and a leak in the roof may be caused.
Recently, requirements for the wooden house become higher and higher, and the inclination of the floor and the leak in the roof caused by the contraction of the lumber must be avoided.
Conventionally, lumber which is artificially dried, i.e., artificially dried lumber is provided in order for reducing the problems caused by the contraction of the lumber used f or the structural members. The artificially dried lumber in which a water content percentage is reduced to be about 12~ is costly high and still contracts in a relatively large amount. The artificially dried lumber also tends to result in short length and short width as well as cracks under an artificially drying process. Then it is not widely distributed yet.
Laminated lumber, which is formed by laminating a plurality of wood boards has been proposed in order for improving the defects of the above-mentioned artificially dried lumber. The laminated lumber has advantages in which the contraction by the drying thereof may reduced and necessary structural strength is provided through lamination of a plurality of thin wood boards which can be dried easier than thick lumber. However, the laminated lumber is costly high with respect to the non-dried wood material, and therefore, use of such laminated lumber is not accepted widely.
The conventional laminated lumber is produced by forming finger joints at adjacent ends of longitudinally segmented laminae. The finger joints formed between the ends of the segmented laminae are formed by mutually engaging the ends and bonding the ends using an adhesive in the conventional laminated lumber. The conventional laminated lumber requires working for forming the finger joints to each longitudinal segmented lamina. The machining consumes working time and a cost so that the availability of the laminated lumber may be limited. Also, since specifications for the wooden house become increasingly higher and higher, percentages of the artificially dried lumber and the laminated lumber among the wood building material are expected to become higher and higher. Therefore, it is long expected to provide a laminated wood building material having high quality and being formed in a low cost.
Japanese Patent Publication No. Heisei 8-187706 discloses laminated lumber having sufficient strength and being formed in a cost-effective manner. Although, the laminated lumber disclosed improves only the strength and production cost rather than contraction thereof, and the laminated wood material disclosed does not use an outer lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19~. In addition, the laminated lumber disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Heisei 8-187706 does not disclose an end lamina and use of an inner lamina made from plywood.
Japanese Patent Publication No. Heisei 9-174518 discloses a laminated lumber formed only by laminated veneer lumber jointed through finger joints. The joint portions thereof are placed longitudinally apart one another.
However, the laminated wood material comprises only plywood and does not disclose use of the outer lamina as well as the end lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19~. Therefore, the laminated lumber may not have sufficient strength to use the structural members and may be difficult to form joint portions at the end of the laminated lumber.
SUMMARY of THE INVENTION
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a laminated wood building material that is produced easier than the conventional laminated lumber and is also produced using wood effectively.
Further another object of the present invention is to provide a laminated wood building material having sufficient strength and size stability.
Further another object of the present invention is to provide a low cost laminated wood building material.
Further another object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming the laminated. wood building material having above features.
According to the present invention, a laminated wood building material comprising an outer lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19~, and an inner lamina formed by laminating a plurality of wood boards , the inner lamina being laminated and bonded between the outer laminae is provided.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the wood board may preferably comprise a plurality of board segments adjacent longitudinally each other to form joint portions, and the joint portions of the board segments in the adjacent wood boards are placed longitudinally apart one another.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the joint portions of the board segments may preferably extend along to a lamination direction of the boards.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the inner lamina may preferably be sized to shorter than the outer lamina, and end laminae made from wood are disposed at both ends of the inner lamina, the end laminae having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19~ and having a thickness of about the inner lamina.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the outer lamina and the end lamina may preferably be formed from members made from the same material.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the end lamina may preferably have a length equal to or less than 20~ of the outer lamina.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the end lamina may preferably have a length equal to or less than 20~ of the outer lamina.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the board segments may preferably be formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, OSL, and lauan.
In the laminated wood building material according to the present invention, reinforce members may preferably be inserted into the outer lamina along to a lamination direction, and the reinforce members are disposed in staggered arrangement.
According to the present invention, a method for forming a laminated wood building material comprises steps of: laminating an inner lamina between a wood outer lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19~, the inner lamina formed by a plurality of wood boards , the wood boards comprising a plurality of boards segments adjacent each other to form a joint portion, the joint portions of the board segments being positioned longitudinally apart each other, and bonding the inner lamina and the outer lamina one another.
In the method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention further may further comprise a step of laminating an end lamina between the outer laminae, the end lamina being made from wood and being disposed at both ends of the inner lamina, the end lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19~ and having a thickness of about the inner lamina.
In the method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the board segments may preferably be formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, OSL, and lauan.
In the method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the board segments are formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, and OSL.
In the method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the outer lamina and the end lamina may preferably be formed from members made of the same material.
According to the present invention, a method for forming a laminated wood building material comprises steps of : placing board segments on a outer lamina so that joint portions thereof may be positioned longitudinally apart one another; placing an outer lamina on the board segments; and laminating and bonding and inner lamina and the outer lamina simultaneously.
In the method f or forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the method may preferably comprise a step of : laminating an end lamina between the outer laminae, the end lamina being made from wood and being disposed at both ends of the inner lamina, the end lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19~ and having a thickness of about the inner lamina .
In the method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the board segments may preferably be formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, OSL, and lauan.
In the method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the board segments may preferably be formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, OSL, and lauan.
In the method f or forming a laminated wood building material according to the present invention, the outer lamina and the end lamina may preferably be formed from members made from the same wood.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION of THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 shows a representative perspective view of the laminated wood building material of the present invention.
The inner lamina is shown by dashed lines.
Fig. 2 shows a representative perspective view of the inner lamina used in the present invention.
Figs. 3A, 3B, 3C show representative joint portions of board members used in the present invention.
Figs. 4A, 4B, 4C show representative perspective views of positioning of reinforce members in the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows a representative method for forming the laminated wood building material of the present invention.
Figs . 6A, 6B show representative forming processes of the laminated wood building material.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION of PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention will be further explained with referring attached drawings. With referring to Fig. 1, a laminated wood building material of the present invention comprises outer laminae 1, an inner lamina 2 placed between the outer laminae 1, and end laminae 3 used when the end laminae 3 are optionally required. Fig. 1 shows a representative embodiment of the laminated wood building material of the present invention including the end lamina 3. There are no substantial limitation on sizes of the outer lamina 1 and the inner lamina 2 . However, when the end lamina 3 is used, lengths of the outer laminae 1 are formed to be longer than the length of the inner lamina 2. The laminated wood building material shown in Fig. 1 comprises the outer laminae 1 formed from the wood material sized longer than the inner laminae 2, and the outer laminae 1 form outer portions of the laminated wood building material. When the end laminae 3 is used, the laminated wood building material may be formed by laminating and bonding the outer laminae 1 , the inner laminae 2 and the end laminae 3 so as to locate ends of each lamina at the same longitudinal position.
Alternatively, the laminated wood building material may be formed by laminating and bonding the outer laminae 1, the inner laminae 2, and the end lamina 3 having different longitudinal lengths , and then cutting each lamina to form the laminated wood building material of the present invention . In Fig . 1 , a portion of the inner lamina 2 , which is obstructed by the outer lamina 1 , is shown by dashed lines .
The term ~~lamina~~ means herein members having any lengths, any widths and any thickness and being laminated to form the laminate wood building material.
Wood material for forming the outer lamina 1 may be selected from the group consisting of Todo-matsu (Abies sachalinensis), larch, Yezo or Japanese spruce, Douglas pine fir, Spruce Pine Fir (SPF) which is often used in a frame -wall construction method, i. e. , two-by-four construction method. The wood material used for the outer lamina 1 may preferably be dry lumber . A water content of the dried lumber is preferably reduced equal to or less than l9wt~ in order for suppressing deformation such as contraction of the laminated wood building material of the present invention.
In Fig. 1, the outer lamina 1 comprises only one layer of the lumber, however, the outer lamina 1 may comprises a plurality of layers of the lumber depending on thicknesses of the lumber used. When the outer lamina I is formed by a plurality of wood boards, the outer lamina 1 may be laminated and bonded by various adhesives. Such adhesives may include a thermo-set type resin adhesive and a thermo-plastic type resin adhesive, such as, for example, a phenol resin type adhesive, a urea resin type adhesive, a melamine resin type adhesive, a polyamide resin type adhesive, an alkyd resin type adhesive, an epoxy resin type adhesive, a polyurethane type adhesive, a water soluble vinyl urethane type adhesive.
The inner lamina 2 used in the present invention may be selected from plywood, such as, for example, fir plywood for structural use ( CSP : Canadian Softwood Plywood and DFP
Douglas Fir Plywood), an oriented strand board (OSB), a particle board and a medium density fiber board (MDF) with a sufficient length, a high performance structural wood board such as, for example, parallel strand lumber (PSL), laminated veneer lumber(LVL),orientedstrand lumber(OSL), and lauan . A size of the inner lamina 2 may be smaller than the size of the outer lamina 1 in the width directions as well as the size in the longitudinal direction, thereby preventing the inner lamina 2 from exposing the outside of the laminated wood building material so as to improve finishing of the laminated wood building material.
Fig. 2 shows a representative perspective view of the above described inner lamina 2 . The inner lamina 2 comprises a plurality of boards 4 laminated and bonded together as shown in Fig. 2. When the boards 4 are bonded together, adhesives may optionally be selected from a thermo-setting resin adhesive and a thermo-plastic resin adhesive, such as, for example, a phenol resin type adhesive, a urea resin type adhesive, a melamine resin type adhesive, a polyamide resin type adhesive, an alkyd resin type adhesive, an epoxy resin type adhesive, a polyurethane type adhesive, a water soluble vinyl urethane type adhesive.
As shown in Fig. 2, the board 4 forming the inner lamina 2 further comprises a plurality of board segments 5 which are adjacent each other and are sized to be shorter than a length of the inner lamina 2 while forming a joint portion 6 between the board segments 5 so that availability of the short board segments 5 may be improved while reducing waste materials.
The above board 4 may be cut to the size of the inner lamina 2 prior to lamination. Alternatively, the boards 4 may be cut to a specific size required to the inner lamina 2 after laminating and bonding the boards 4 having different lengths each other. Thicknesses of the boards 4 may not be same among the boards 4 used for producing the inner lamina 2 as long as the required thickness for the laminated wood building material is obtained. Also, the adjacent board segments 5 forming the board 4 may not have the same thickness.
The board segments 5 may be laminated and bonded together in any combination so as to provide a predetermined constant thickness of the inner lamina 2 when the boards 4 are integrated to form the inner lamina 2. In addition, the board 4 may be formed by the board segments 5 which are made from the same material. Alternatively, the board 4 may be formed by the board segments 5 which are made from different materials . Therefore, the improved availability of the wood may be provided according to the present invention.
When the boards 4 are laminated and bonded to form the inner lamina 2, the joint portions 6 of each laminated adjacent board 4 must be placed longitudinally apart from one another. The inner lamina 2 having the joint portions 6 , which are displaced longitudinally apart one another , may provide durability to the stress FL shown in Fig. 2 along to the direction of lamination of the inner lamina 2.
With referring to Fig. 2, the inner lamina 2 comprises two (2) boards 4. The inner lamina 2 described above may have any thickness and any lamination numbers of the board 4 may be used to form the inner lamina 2 so as to provide a required thickness of the laminated wood building material according to the present invention. When the numbers of the boards 4 laminated may preferably be few in order for reducing the production cost. When regarding the quality of the laminated wood building material, if the number of the laminae which are laminated and bonded together becomes fewer, the size stability of the building material may be degraded by curving and warping after forming the laminated wood building material through the lamination and adhesion.
Accordingly, the inner lamina 2 may be preferably selected from the fir plywood such as CSP or DFP, OSB, particle board, MDF , PSL , LVL , OSL , and lauan in the present invention, because of their less quality change. The inner lamina 2 may be integrated to form face to face adhesion between the inner lamina 2 and the outer lamina 1 through a pressurized press machine. When the outer laminae 1 are selected from the same wood, the size stability may be further provided. Therefore, the outer lamina 1 and the end lamina 3 (discussed in detail hereinbelow) may preferably be selected from the wood being different from the wood used for the inner lamina 2. If the inner lamina 2 is used in place of the outer lamina 1 or the end lamina 3 , a cutting tool may significantly degraded by the cured adhesives forming curved portions for joint structures of a conventional construction method is formed.
Fig. 3 shows a detail of the joint portion 6 of the board 4 used for the inner lamina 2 in the present invention.
In Fig 3A, the lamination direction of the board 4, the longitudinal direction, and the width direction are represented by X, Y, and Z (perpendicular to the plane of the figure), respectively. The joint portion 6 is formed by the ends 5a, 5b of the two board segments 5 facing each other, and the adhesive 7 is filled between the ends 5a, 5b.
The spacing between the ends 5a, 5b are enlarged than the actual spacing of the board 4. The adhesive 7 may be present between the ends 5a, 5b by coating and spraying the adhesive 7. Alternatively, the adhesive 7 may be filled during the integration of the inner lamina 2 through a capillary phenomenon under application of pressure. As shown in Fig.
3A, the ends 5a, 5b of the board segments 5 in the present invention extend along to the lamination direction X of the board 4 and the board segment 5 may laminated easily by a butt joint.
Fig. 3B shows the joint portion 6 of the laminated wood building material of the present invention viewed from the X direction of Fig. 3A. In the joint portion 6 of Fig. 3B, the ends 5a, 5b of the board segments 5 extend along to the Z direction of the Fig. 3A. In the board segments 5 used in the present invention, however, the joint portion 6 is not necessary to extend along to the Z direction. The joint portion 6 may be inclined to the Z direction as shown in Fig.
3C so as to distribute the stress from the Z direction exerted to the joint portion 6. However, the joint portion 6 shown in Fig. 3C must be placed apart along to the Y direction in each of the board 4 so as to assure the strength to the stress FL along to the X direction shown in Fig. 3A.
With referring to Fig. 1 again, the laminated wood building material of the present invention may comprise the end lamina 3 made of wood when the end lamina is required.
The end laminae 3, having a thickness of about the inner lamina 2, are placed between the outer laminae 1 and adjacent to both end of the inner lamina 2. When the end lamina 3 is used, a length of the end lamina 3 may preferably be equal to or less than 20~ of the outer lamina 1. The end lamina 3 may preferably be made from the same wood with the outer lamina 1 , and may also have a water content equal to or less than l9wt~. By using the end lamina 3, a reinforce member such as a nail, a wood screw, or a bolt may be easily installed to the laminated wood building material in a construction site as well as a fabrication site. In addition, the end lamina 3 allows ends of the laminated wood building material to be cut easier.
Fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which the reinforce members 8 such as the nails are inserted to the laminated wood building material. Fig. 4A shows an embodiment of an end A of the laminated wood building material of the present invention in which the end lamina 3 is not used. Fig. 4B
and Fig. 4C show perspective views of embodiments viewed from right and left directions when the end lamina 3 is used.
When the reinforce members 8 are used, the reinforce members 8 are particularly inserted into the outer laminae 1 so that the reinforce members 8 which are inserted from both sides may not interfere one another. It may be preferred that the reinforce members 8 entirely go through the outer lamina 1 along to the lamination direction of the laminated wood building material in staggered arrangement.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4A, each two reinforce members 8 are placed in the staggered positions at each side of the outer laminae 1 so as not to interfere the reinforce members 8 inserted from the opposite outer laminae 1. Such positioning of the reinforce members 8 may further improve strength of the laminated wood building material of the present invention. Another embodiments of the staggered positions of the reinforce members 8 are shown in Fig. 4B
and C. Fig. 4B shows a perspective view of the laminated wood building material when viewed from the right side of the figure. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4B, the reinforce members 8 are positioned in the two ( 2 ) rows . The first rows of the reinforce members 8 extends longitudinally in a constant distance "t" from the width side, and the second row of the reinforce members 8 extends parallel to the first row. Each row comprises three ( 3 ) reinforce members 8 and therefore, a total of 6 reinforce members 8 are hammered to the outer lamina 1. Fig. 4C shows the positioning of the reinforce members 8 when the end A of the laminated wood building member of the present invention is viewed from the left side of the figure. As shown in Fig. 4C, the reinforce members 8 are also positioned in the two ( 2 ) rows . The first rows of the reinforce members 8 extends longitudinally in a constant distance "t "' from the opposite width side, and the second row of the reinforce members 8 extends parallel to the ffirst row. Each row comprises three (3) reinforce members 8 and therefore, a total of 6 reinforce members 8 are inserted to the outer lamina 1 opposite to the outer lamina 1 shown in Fig. 4B. The distances "t" and "t'" may be same or different each other. Therefore, the reinforce members 8 shown in Figs. 4B, 4C are also positioned in the staggered positions one another in the laminate direction.
These reinforce members 8 are not necessary to be positioned in the parallel rows, and the staggered arrangement along to the longitudinal direction as shown in Fig. 4A may also be used.
With referring Fig . 5 and Fig . 6 , a method for forming the laminated wood building material will be explained. In the method for forming the laminated wood building material of the present invention, a pressurizing press machine 9 may be used as pressing means. In the method for forming the laminated wood building material, first a lower outer lamina la is placed on the arm 10 of the pressurizing press 9 which is displaced so as to extend horizontally (the vertical direction to the plane of the figure ) so that the lower outer lamina 1a is placed on the lower plate 11 when the arm 10 is displaced to the vertical position shown in Fig. 5.
Second, the inner lamina 2 is placed on the outer lamina 1a while applying the adhesive between the outer lamina 1a and the inner lamina 2. The joint portions 6 of the board segments 5 which form the board 4 and form the inner lamina 2 are placed longitudinally apart one another. Next, the upper outer lamina lb is placed on the inner lamina 2 by applying the adhesive therebetween. Combinations of the outer lamina 1 and the inner lamina 2 in the above order are layered in the similar manner . Further next , the arm 10 on which a plurality of outer lamina 1 and inner lamina 2 are placed is moved to the vertical direction to hold each lamina.
Then the pressurizing plate 12 is made to contact with the upper most outer lamina lb for exerting the pressure to make the bond therebetween . When the pressure is applied, heat may simultaneously be applied to the laminate . Conditions for the pressurizing and the heating processes may be changed depending on kinds of the wood and kinds of the adhesives used. Thereafter, the laminated wood building material of the present invention may be cut to form the finished laminated wood building material when the cutting is required. The above method is summarized in Fig. 6A.
The above described method have been explained such that the inner lamina 2 have already been laminated from a plurality of the board 4 prior to the lamination between the outer laminae 1. However, as shown in Fig. 6B, the method may comprise steps of; placing the board segments 5 on the outer lamina la so that the joint portions 6 of the board segments 5 may be positioned longitudinally apart one another; placing the outer lamina lb thereon; and laminating and bonding the inner lamina 2 and the outer lamina 1 simultaneously by the pressurizing press machine 9. As described above, the inner lamina 2 may be bonded and integrated at anytime in the forming process depending on the strength of the laminated wood building material, the shape stability, and productivity and the like. The similar method described above can be used when the end lamina 3 is implemented in the laminated wood building material.
The laminated wood building material of the present invention may be used to provide structural members of a general wooden house such as, for example, a stud, a beam, a girder, a joist and the like. The laminated wood building material of the present invention may also provide a structural members which is easily worked into various joints such as, for example, a dado joint, a dovetail dado joint, a stopped dovetail dado joint, a through single dovetail joint, a half-lap dovetail joint, a half-blind mortise-and-tenon joint, a mortise, and a tenon, because the longitudinal ends thereof and lateral sides thereof are easily worked. The present invention may also provide members for interior and exterior materials for a wooden house constructed from lumber or timber.
The present invention will be explained further in detail by specific examples. These specific examples are provided only for explanation of the present invention, therefore the present invention is not limited thereto.
(Example) <Laminated wood building material>
Laminated wood building materials having a size of 105 mm X 180 mm X 3660mm were prepared by laminating an inner lamina formed by two (2) plywood boards (CSP) of 15.5 mm between outer laminae made from SPF (spruce pine fir) 208 wood. The joint portions in the inner lamina were positioned longitudinally apart one another.
An aqueous vinyl urethane type adhesives, DICBOND
V-165 (from DAINIPPON INK AND CHEMICALS. INC.) was used as an adhesive. A vertical multi-pressure-plate press KU-SD, type 0720 (KOBAYASHI MACHINARY INDUSTRY) was used as a pressurizing press machine. Pressurization was conducted at l0kgf/cmZ for 40 min under the temperature of 18 ~.
When nails were used as reinforce members, the nails used were CN-nail of 90mm length authorized to a two-by-four construction method. When tests were conducted, the nails were hammered to form two rows which were comprised a first row spaced about 36 mm from a width side end of the laminated wood building material and a second row spaced about 72 mm from the first row along to the width direction.
Each row comprised three nails longitudinally spaced one another by 200 mm so that a total of six ( 6 ) nails were hammered from the outer lamina placed at one side . From the opposite outer lamina, the nails were hammered to form two rows which comprised a first row spaced about 36 mm from the opposite width side of the laminated wood building material and a second row spaced about 72 mm from the first row along to the width direction. Each row also comprised three nails longitudinally spaced one another by 200 mm spacing so that the total six ( 6 ) nails were hammered from the outer lamina placed at the opposite side so as to arrange each nails in the staggered positions along to the width direction.
Details of the laminated wood building materials used in the test are listed in Table 1. An end lamina having a length of 400 mm and the same thickness with the inner lamina was used when the end lamina was integrated into the laminated wood building material.
Table 1: Specimens used for the strength test Examples Constructions Remarks Specimen1 _ Specimen2 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208 Specimen3 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208 Specimen4 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208Reinforcedend by a Nail 90 mm Specimen5 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208Reinforcedend by a nail 90 mm Specimen6 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208Reinforcedend by a nail 90 mm Specimen7 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208End laminaused.
Reinforcedend by a nail 90 mm Specimen8 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208End laminaused.
Reinforcedend by a nail 90 mm Specimen9 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208End laminaused.
Reinforcedend by a nail 90 mm <Strength Test>
Strength of the above laminated wood building material was measured. The test was conducted under the requirement of bending A test specified by °Japanese Agricultural Standard for LAMINATED STRUCTUAL LUMBER". In the test, a two-point loading method was used. Loading was exerted parallel to laminate faces and a span was set to be 324 cm which was 18 times longer than the height (width) and a distance between the loading points was set to be 72 cm which was 4 times longer than the height (width). In the test, a wood real size strength testing machine WU1000 (capacity 1000kN, TOKYO KOHKI SEIZOHSHO, Ltd.) was used. A bending Young coefficient and bending strength were calculated from increment of the load and increment of the bending corresponding thereto in a proportion region and a maximum load according to the following formulae:
Bending Young Coefficient (kgf/~
D P (1-S) (212+21S-S
_ (1) 8 D ybh3 to Bending Strength (kgf /cm2 ) 3Pb (1-S) L2) 2bh2 In the above formulae, DP is a difference between the upper limit load and the lower limit load in the proportion region (kgf), O y is an amount of the bending at the center of the span (cm), 1 is a span length, S is a distance between the loading points (cm). b is a thickness of the specimen (cm) and h is a height (width) of the specimen (cm), and Pb is the maximum load (kgf ) . Results of the bending test are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Results of the bending test Examples B H 0 P/ 0 En p (cm) (cm) Y (10'kgf/cmz)(kgf) (kgf/cm~) (kgf/cm) specimen 10 . 43 18 . 665. 4 86 . 3 2842 317 specimen 10. 45 18. 10 859. 8 109 . 9 4214 465 specimen 10 . 49 18 . 795. 5 102 . 4 2878 319 specimen 10 . 42 17 . 794. 1 105 . 2 3959 448 specimen 10 . 49 18 . 801 . 103 . 7 4133 459 specimen 10 . 49 18 . 812 . 105 . 2 4077 453 specimen 10 . 49 18 . 844 . 108 . 5 3275 363 ~ 04 1 specimen 10 . 49 18 . 842. 5 108 . 8 4357 484 s 02 specimen 10 . 50 18 . 844 . 108 . 4 4000 442 In Table 2 , b : thickness of the specimen ( cm ) , h : height of the specimen ( cm ) , O P : difference between the upper limit 5 load and the lower limit load in the proportion region (kgf ) , ~y: amount of the bending at the center of the span (cm) , corresponding to O P, Eb: bending Young coefficient, Pb:
maximum load ( kgf ) , Q b: bending strength .
(Comparable Example) Strength tests were conducted using virgin Douglas pine fir lumber and Douglas pine fir laminated lumber as specimens . The bending strength and the Young coefficient for the virgin Douglas pine fir lumber were obtained to be 318 kgf/cm2 and 70 . 9 X 103 kgf/cm2, respectively. Also the bending strength and the Young coefficient for the Douglas pine fir laminated lumber were obtained to be 319 kgf/cm2 and 104 . 6 X 103 kgf /cmz, respectively.
As described above, the laminated wood building material has at least the bending strength and the Young coefficient of the conventional virgin Douglas pine fir lumber and/or the Douglas pine fir laminated lumber.
As described herein, the present invention provides the laminated wood building material and the method for forming thereof.
The present invention may provide the laminated wood building material that provides effective use of wood and is easily produced.
The present invention may also provide the laminated wood building material that provides the sufficient strength and the size stability with respect to conventional wood building materials.
The present invention may further provide the laminated wood building material that provides the sufficient strength using butt-joints rather than finger joints.
The present invention may also provide the laminated wood building material that provides wider availability than the availability of conventional laminated wood material by realizing easy working of the curved portions such as engagement structures.
The present invention may also provide the method for forming the laminated wood material having the above mentioned characteristics.
Although the present invention has been described herein using the specific embodiments of the best modes, a person skilled in the art may be understand that various modifications, omissions, and additions may be possible without departing from a scope of the present invention.
I claim:
Fig. 2 shows a representative perspective view of the inner lamina used in the present invention.
Figs. 3A, 3B, 3C show representative joint portions of board members used in the present invention.
Figs. 4A, 4B, 4C show representative perspective views of positioning of reinforce members in the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows a representative method for forming the laminated wood building material of the present invention.
Figs . 6A, 6B show representative forming processes of the laminated wood building material.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION of PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention will be further explained with referring attached drawings. With referring to Fig. 1, a laminated wood building material of the present invention comprises outer laminae 1, an inner lamina 2 placed between the outer laminae 1, and end laminae 3 used when the end laminae 3 are optionally required. Fig. 1 shows a representative embodiment of the laminated wood building material of the present invention including the end lamina 3. There are no substantial limitation on sizes of the outer lamina 1 and the inner lamina 2 . However, when the end lamina 3 is used, lengths of the outer laminae 1 are formed to be longer than the length of the inner lamina 2. The laminated wood building material shown in Fig. 1 comprises the outer laminae 1 formed from the wood material sized longer than the inner laminae 2, and the outer laminae 1 form outer portions of the laminated wood building material. When the end laminae 3 is used, the laminated wood building material may be formed by laminating and bonding the outer laminae 1 , the inner laminae 2 and the end laminae 3 so as to locate ends of each lamina at the same longitudinal position.
Alternatively, the laminated wood building material may be formed by laminating and bonding the outer laminae 1, the inner laminae 2, and the end lamina 3 having different longitudinal lengths , and then cutting each lamina to form the laminated wood building material of the present invention . In Fig . 1 , a portion of the inner lamina 2 , which is obstructed by the outer lamina 1 , is shown by dashed lines .
The term ~~lamina~~ means herein members having any lengths, any widths and any thickness and being laminated to form the laminate wood building material.
Wood material for forming the outer lamina 1 may be selected from the group consisting of Todo-matsu (Abies sachalinensis), larch, Yezo or Japanese spruce, Douglas pine fir, Spruce Pine Fir (SPF) which is often used in a frame -wall construction method, i. e. , two-by-four construction method. The wood material used for the outer lamina 1 may preferably be dry lumber . A water content of the dried lumber is preferably reduced equal to or less than l9wt~ in order for suppressing deformation such as contraction of the laminated wood building material of the present invention.
In Fig. 1, the outer lamina 1 comprises only one layer of the lumber, however, the outer lamina 1 may comprises a plurality of layers of the lumber depending on thicknesses of the lumber used. When the outer lamina I is formed by a plurality of wood boards, the outer lamina 1 may be laminated and bonded by various adhesives. Such adhesives may include a thermo-set type resin adhesive and a thermo-plastic type resin adhesive, such as, for example, a phenol resin type adhesive, a urea resin type adhesive, a melamine resin type adhesive, a polyamide resin type adhesive, an alkyd resin type adhesive, an epoxy resin type adhesive, a polyurethane type adhesive, a water soluble vinyl urethane type adhesive.
The inner lamina 2 used in the present invention may be selected from plywood, such as, for example, fir plywood for structural use ( CSP : Canadian Softwood Plywood and DFP
Douglas Fir Plywood), an oriented strand board (OSB), a particle board and a medium density fiber board (MDF) with a sufficient length, a high performance structural wood board such as, for example, parallel strand lumber (PSL), laminated veneer lumber(LVL),orientedstrand lumber(OSL), and lauan . A size of the inner lamina 2 may be smaller than the size of the outer lamina 1 in the width directions as well as the size in the longitudinal direction, thereby preventing the inner lamina 2 from exposing the outside of the laminated wood building material so as to improve finishing of the laminated wood building material.
Fig. 2 shows a representative perspective view of the above described inner lamina 2 . The inner lamina 2 comprises a plurality of boards 4 laminated and bonded together as shown in Fig. 2. When the boards 4 are bonded together, adhesives may optionally be selected from a thermo-setting resin adhesive and a thermo-plastic resin adhesive, such as, for example, a phenol resin type adhesive, a urea resin type adhesive, a melamine resin type adhesive, a polyamide resin type adhesive, an alkyd resin type adhesive, an epoxy resin type adhesive, a polyurethane type adhesive, a water soluble vinyl urethane type adhesive.
As shown in Fig. 2, the board 4 forming the inner lamina 2 further comprises a plurality of board segments 5 which are adjacent each other and are sized to be shorter than a length of the inner lamina 2 while forming a joint portion 6 between the board segments 5 so that availability of the short board segments 5 may be improved while reducing waste materials.
The above board 4 may be cut to the size of the inner lamina 2 prior to lamination. Alternatively, the boards 4 may be cut to a specific size required to the inner lamina 2 after laminating and bonding the boards 4 having different lengths each other. Thicknesses of the boards 4 may not be same among the boards 4 used for producing the inner lamina 2 as long as the required thickness for the laminated wood building material is obtained. Also, the adjacent board segments 5 forming the board 4 may not have the same thickness.
The board segments 5 may be laminated and bonded together in any combination so as to provide a predetermined constant thickness of the inner lamina 2 when the boards 4 are integrated to form the inner lamina 2. In addition, the board 4 may be formed by the board segments 5 which are made from the same material. Alternatively, the board 4 may be formed by the board segments 5 which are made from different materials . Therefore, the improved availability of the wood may be provided according to the present invention.
When the boards 4 are laminated and bonded to form the inner lamina 2, the joint portions 6 of each laminated adjacent board 4 must be placed longitudinally apart from one another. The inner lamina 2 having the joint portions 6 , which are displaced longitudinally apart one another , may provide durability to the stress FL shown in Fig. 2 along to the direction of lamination of the inner lamina 2.
With referring to Fig. 2, the inner lamina 2 comprises two (2) boards 4. The inner lamina 2 described above may have any thickness and any lamination numbers of the board 4 may be used to form the inner lamina 2 so as to provide a required thickness of the laminated wood building material according to the present invention. When the numbers of the boards 4 laminated may preferably be few in order for reducing the production cost. When regarding the quality of the laminated wood building material, if the number of the laminae which are laminated and bonded together becomes fewer, the size stability of the building material may be degraded by curving and warping after forming the laminated wood building material through the lamination and adhesion.
Accordingly, the inner lamina 2 may be preferably selected from the fir plywood such as CSP or DFP, OSB, particle board, MDF , PSL , LVL , OSL , and lauan in the present invention, because of their less quality change. The inner lamina 2 may be integrated to form face to face adhesion between the inner lamina 2 and the outer lamina 1 through a pressurized press machine. When the outer laminae 1 are selected from the same wood, the size stability may be further provided. Therefore, the outer lamina 1 and the end lamina 3 (discussed in detail hereinbelow) may preferably be selected from the wood being different from the wood used for the inner lamina 2. If the inner lamina 2 is used in place of the outer lamina 1 or the end lamina 3 , a cutting tool may significantly degraded by the cured adhesives forming curved portions for joint structures of a conventional construction method is formed.
Fig. 3 shows a detail of the joint portion 6 of the board 4 used for the inner lamina 2 in the present invention.
In Fig 3A, the lamination direction of the board 4, the longitudinal direction, and the width direction are represented by X, Y, and Z (perpendicular to the plane of the figure), respectively. The joint portion 6 is formed by the ends 5a, 5b of the two board segments 5 facing each other, and the adhesive 7 is filled between the ends 5a, 5b.
The spacing between the ends 5a, 5b are enlarged than the actual spacing of the board 4. The adhesive 7 may be present between the ends 5a, 5b by coating and spraying the adhesive 7. Alternatively, the adhesive 7 may be filled during the integration of the inner lamina 2 through a capillary phenomenon under application of pressure. As shown in Fig.
3A, the ends 5a, 5b of the board segments 5 in the present invention extend along to the lamination direction X of the board 4 and the board segment 5 may laminated easily by a butt joint.
Fig. 3B shows the joint portion 6 of the laminated wood building material of the present invention viewed from the X direction of Fig. 3A. In the joint portion 6 of Fig. 3B, the ends 5a, 5b of the board segments 5 extend along to the Z direction of the Fig. 3A. In the board segments 5 used in the present invention, however, the joint portion 6 is not necessary to extend along to the Z direction. The joint portion 6 may be inclined to the Z direction as shown in Fig.
3C so as to distribute the stress from the Z direction exerted to the joint portion 6. However, the joint portion 6 shown in Fig. 3C must be placed apart along to the Y direction in each of the board 4 so as to assure the strength to the stress FL along to the X direction shown in Fig. 3A.
With referring to Fig. 1 again, the laminated wood building material of the present invention may comprise the end lamina 3 made of wood when the end lamina is required.
The end laminae 3, having a thickness of about the inner lamina 2, are placed between the outer laminae 1 and adjacent to both end of the inner lamina 2. When the end lamina 3 is used, a length of the end lamina 3 may preferably be equal to or less than 20~ of the outer lamina 1. The end lamina 3 may preferably be made from the same wood with the outer lamina 1 , and may also have a water content equal to or less than l9wt~. By using the end lamina 3, a reinforce member such as a nail, a wood screw, or a bolt may be easily installed to the laminated wood building material in a construction site as well as a fabrication site. In addition, the end lamina 3 allows ends of the laminated wood building material to be cut easier.
Fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which the reinforce members 8 such as the nails are inserted to the laminated wood building material. Fig. 4A shows an embodiment of an end A of the laminated wood building material of the present invention in which the end lamina 3 is not used. Fig. 4B
and Fig. 4C show perspective views of embodiments viewed from right and left directions when the end lamina 3 is used.
When the reinforce members 8 are used, the reinforce members 8 are particularly inserted into the outer laminae 1 so that the reinforce members 8 which are inserted from both sides may not interfere one another. It may be preferred that the reinforce members 8 entirely go through the outer lamina 1 along to the lamination direction of the laminated wood building material in staggered arrangement.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4A, each two reinforce members 8 are placed in the staggered positions at each side of the outer laminae 1 so as not to interfere the reinforce members 8 inserted from the opposite outer laminae 1. Such positioning of the reinforce members 8 may further improve strength of the laminated wood building material of the present invention. Another embodiments of the staggered positions of the reinforce members 8 are shown in Fig. 4B
and C. Fig. 4B shows a perspective view of the laminated wood building material when viewed from the right side of the figure. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4B, the reinforce members 8 are positioned in the two ( 2 ) rows . The first rows of the reinforce members 8 extends longitudinally in a constant distance "t" from the width side, and the second row of the reinforce members 8 extends parallel to the first row. Each row comprises three ( 3 ) reinforce members 8 and therefore, a total of 6 reinforce members 8 are hammered to the outer lamina 1. Fig. 4C shows the positioning of the reinforce members 8 when the end A of the laminated wood building member of the present invention is viewed from the left side of the figure. As shown in Fig. 4C, the reinforce members 8 are also positioned in the two ( 2 ) rows . The first rows of the reinforce members 8 extends longitudinally in a constant distance "t "' from the opposite width side, and the second row of the reinforce members 8 extends parallel to the ffirst row. Each row comprises three (3) reinforce members 8 and therefore, a total of 6 reinforce members 8 are inserted to the outer lamina 1 opposite to the outer lamina 1 shown in Fig. 4B. The distances "t" and "t'" may be same or different each other. Therefore, the reinforce members 8 shown in Figs. 4B, 4C are also positioned in the staggered positions one another in the laminate direction.
These reinforce members 8 are not necessary to be positioned in the parallel rows, and the staggered arrangement along to the longitudinal direction as shown in Fig. 4A may also be used.
With referring Fig . 5 and Fig . 6 , a method for forming the laminated wood building material will be explained. In the method for forming the laminated wood building material of the present invention, a pressurizing press machine 9 may be used as pressing means. In the method for forming the laminated wood building material, first a lower outer lamina la is placed on the arm 10 of the pressurizing press 9 which is displaced so as to extend horizontally (the vertical direction to the plane of the figure ) so that the lower outer lamina 1a is placed on the lower plate 11 when the arm 10 is displaced to the vertical position shown in Fig. 5.
Second, the inner lamina 2 is placed on the outer lamina 1a while applying the adhesive between the outer lamina 1a and the inner lamina 2. The joint portions 6 of the board segments 5 which form the board 4 and form the inner lamina 2 are placed longitudinally apart one another. Next, the upper outer lamina lb is placed on the inner lamina 2 by applying the adhesive therebetween. Combinations of the outer lamina 1 and the inner lamina 2 in the above order are layered in the similar manner . Further next , the arm 10 on which a plurality of outer lamina 1 and inner lamina 2 are placed is moved to the vertical direction to hold each lamina.
Then the pressurizing plate 12 is made to contact with the upper most outer lamina lb for exerting the pressure to make the bond therebetween . When the pressure is applied, heat may simultaneously be applied to the laminate . Conditions for the pressurizing and the heating processes may be changed depending on kinds of the wood and kinds of the adhesives used. Thereafter, the laminated wood building material of the present invention may be cut to form the finished laminated wood building material when the cutting is required. The above method is summarized in Fig. 6A.
The above described method have been explained such that the inner lamina 2 have already been laminated from a plurality of the board 4 prior to the lamination between the outer laminae 1. However, as shown in Fig. 6B, the method may comprise steps of; placing the board segments 5 on the outer lamina la so that the joint portions 6 of the board segments 5 may be positioned longitudinally apart one another; placing the outer lamina lb thereon; and laminating and bonding the inner lamina 2 and the outer lamina 1 simultaneously by the pressurizing press machine 9. As described above, the inner lamina 2 may be bonded and integrated at anytime in the forming process depending on the strength of the laminated wood building material, the shape stability, and productivity and the like. The similar method described above can be used when the end lamina 3 is implemented in the laminated wood building material.
The laminated wood building material of the present invention may be used to provide structural members of a general wooden house such as, for example, a stud, a beam, a girder, a joist and the like. The laminated wood building material of the present invention may also provide a structural members which is easily worked into various joints such as, for example, a dado joint, a dovetail dado joint, a stopped dovetail dado joint, a through single dovetail joint, a half-lap dovetail joint, a half-blind mortise-and-tenon joint, a mortise, and a tenon, because the longitudinal ends thereof and lateral sides thereof are easily worked. The present invention may also provide members for interior and exterior materials for a wooden house constructed from lumber or timber.
The present invention will be explained further in detail by specific examples. These specific examples are provided only for explanation of the present invention, therefore the present invention is not limited thereto.
(Example) <Laminated wood building material>
Laminated wood building materials having a size of 105 mm X 180 mm X 3660mm were prepared by laminating an inner lamina formed by two (2) plywood boards (CSP) of 15.5 mm between outer laminae made from SPF (spruce pine fir) 208 wood. The joint portions in the inner lamina were positioned longitudinally apart one another.
An aqueous vinyl urethane type adhesives, DICBOND
V-165 (from DAINIPPON INK AND CHEMICALS. INC.) was used as an adhesive. A vertical multi-pressure-plate press KU-SD, type 0720 (KOBAYASHI MACHINARY INDUSTRY) was used as a pressurizing press machine. Pressurization was conducted at l0kgf/cmZ for 40 min under the temperature of 18 ~.
When nails were used as reinforce members, the nails used were CN-nail of 90mm length authorized to a two-by-four construction method. When tests were conducted, the nails were hammered to form two rows which were comprised a first row spaced about 36 mm from a width side end of the laminated wood building material and a second row spaced about 72 mm from the first row along to the width direction.
Each row comprised three nails longitudinally spaced one another by 200 mm so that a total of six ( 6 ) nails were hammered from the outer lamina placed at one side . From the opposite outer lamina, the nails were hammered to form two rows which comprised a first row spaced about 36 mm from the opposite width side of the laminated wood building material and a second row spaced about 72 mm from the first row along to the width direction. Each row also comprised three nails longitudinally spaced one another by 200 mm spacing so that the total six ( 6 ) nails were hammered from the outer lamina placed at the opposite side so as to arrange each nails in the staggered positions along to the width direction.
Details of the laminated wood building materials used in the test are listed in Table 1. An end lamina having a length of 400 mm and the same thickness with the inner lamina was used when the end lamina was integrated into the laminated wood building material.
Table 1: Specimens used for the strength test Examples Constructions Remarks Specimen1 _ Specimen2 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208 Specimen3 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208 Specimen4 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208Reinforcedend by a Nail 90 mm Specimen5 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208Reinforcedend by a nail 90 mm Specimen6 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208Reinforcedend by a nail 90 mm Specimen7 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208End laminaused.
Reinforcedend by a nail 90 mm Specimen8 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208End laminaused.
Reinforcedend by a nail 90 mm Specimen9 SPF208/CSP/CSP/SPF208End laminaused.
Reinforcedend by a nail 90 mm <Strength Test>
Strength of the above laminated wood building material was measured. The test was conducted under the requirement of bending A test specified by °Japanese Agricultural Standard for LAMINATED STRUCTUAL LUMBER". In the test, a two-point loading method was used. Loading was exerted parallel to laminate faces and a span was set to be 324 cm which was 18 times longer than the height (width) and a distance between the loading points was set to be 72 cm which was 4 times longer than the height (width). In the test, a wood real size strength testing machine WU1000 (capacity 1000kN, TOKYO KOHKI SEIZOHSHO, Ltd.) was used. A bending Young coefficient and bending strength were calculated from increment of the load and increment of the bending corresponding thereto in a proportion region and a maximum load according to the following formulae:
Bending Young Coefficient (kgf/~
D P (1-S) (212+21S-S
_ (1) 8 D ybh3 to Bending Strength (kgf /cm2 ) 3Pb (1-S) L2) 2bh2 In the above formulae, DP is a difference between the upper limit load and the lower limit load in the proportion region (kgf), O y is an amount of the bending at the center of the span (cm), 1 is a span length, S is a distance between the loading points (cm). b is a thickness of the specimen (cm) and h is a height (width) of the specimen (cm), and Pb is the maximum load (kgf ) . Results of the bending test are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Results of the bending test Examples B H 0 P/ 0 En p (cm) (cm) Y (10'kgf/cmz)(kgf) (kgf/cm~) (kgf/cm) specimen 10 . 43 18 . 665. 4 86 . 3 2842 317 specimen 10. 45 18. 10 859. 8 109 . 9 4214 465 specimen 10 . 49 18 . 795. 5 102 . 4 2878 319 specimen 10 . 42 17 . 794. 1 105 . 2 3959 448 specimen 10 . 49 18 . 801 . 103 . 7 4133 459 specimen 10 . 49 18 . 812 . 105 . 2 4077 453 specimen 10 . 49 18 . 844 . 108 . 5 3275 363 ~ 04 1 specimen 10 . 49 18 . 842. 5 108 . 8 4357 484 s 02 specimen 10 . 50 18 . 844 . 108 . 4 4000 442 In Table 2 , b : thickness of the specimen ( cm ) , h : height of the specimen ( cm ) , O P : difference between the upper limit 5 load and the lower limit load in the proportion region (kgf ) , ~y: amount of the bending at the center of the span (cm) , corresponding to O P, Eb: bending Young coefficient, Pb:
maximum load ( kgf ) , Q b: bending strength .
(Comparable Example) Strength tests were conducted using virgin Douglas pine fir lumber and Douglas pine fir laminated lumber as specimens . The bending strength and the Young coefficient for the virgin Douglas pine fir lumber were obtained to be 318 kgf/cm2 and 70 . 9 X 103 kgf/cm2, respectively. Also the bending strength and the Young coefficient for the Douglas pine fir laminated lumber were obtained to be 319 kgf/cm2 and 104 . 6 X 103 kgf /cmz, respectively.
As described above, the laminated wood building material has at least the bending strength and the Young coefficient of the conventional virgin Douglas pine fir lumber and/or the Douglas pine fir laminated lumber.
As described herein, the present invention provides the laminated wood building material and the method for forming thereof.
The present invention may provide the laminated wood building material that provides effective use of wood and is easily produced.
The present invention may also provide the laminated wood building material that provides the sufficient strength and the size stability with respect to conventional wood building materials.
The present invention may further provide the laminated wood building material that provides the sufficient strength using butt-joints rather than finger joints.
The present invention may also provide the laminated wood building material that provides wider availability than the availability of conventional laminated wood material by realizing easy working of the curved portions such as engagement structures.
The present invention may also provide the method for forming the laminated wood material having the above mentioned characteristics.
Although the present invention has been described herein using the specific embodiments of the best modes, a person skilled in the art may be understand that various modifications, omissions, and additions may be possible without departing from a scope of the present invention.
I claim:
Claims (19)
1. A laminated wood building material comprising:
an outer lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19%, and an inner lamina formed by laminating a plurality of wood boards, the inner lamina being laminated and bonded between the outer laminae.
an outer lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19%, and an inner lamina formed by laminating a plurality of wood boards, the inner lamina being laminated and bonded between the outer laminae.
2. The laminated wood building material according to the claim 1, wherein the wood board comprises a plurality of board segments adjacent longitudinally each other to form joint portions, and the joint portions of the board segments in the adjacent wood boards are placed longitudinally apart one another.
3. The laminated wood building material according to the claim 2, the joint portions of the board segments extend along to a lamination direction of the boards.
4. The laminated wood building material according to the claim 1, wherein the inner lamina is sized to shorter than the outer lamina, and end laminae made from wood are disposed at both ends of the inner lamina, the end laminae having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19% and having a thickness of about the inner lamina.
5. The laminated wood building material according to the claim 4, wherein the outer lamina and the end lamina are formed from members made from the same wood.
6. The laminated wood building material according to the claim 4, wherein the end lamina has a length equal to or less than 20% of the outer lamina.
7. The laminated wood building material according to the claim 5, wherein the end lamina has a length equal to or less than 20% of the outer lamina.
8. The laminated wood building material according to the claim 2, wherein the board segments are formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, OSL, and lauan.
9. The laminated wood building material according to the claim 1, wherein reinforce members are inserted into the outer lamina along to a lamination direction, and the reinforce members are disposed in staggered arrangement.
10. A method for forming a laminated wood building material comprising steps of:
laminating an inner lamina between a wood outer lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19%, the inner lamina formed by a plurality of wood boards, the wood boards comprising a plurality of boards segments adjacent each other to form a joint portions, the joint portions of the board segments being positioned longitudinally apart each other, and bonding the inner lamina and the outer lamina one another.
laminating an inner lamina between a wood outer lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19%, the inner lamina formed by a plurality of wood boards, the wood boards comprising a plurality of boards segments adjacent each other to form a joint portions, the joint portions of the board segments being positioned longitudinally apart each other, and bonding the inner lamina and the outer lamina one another.
11. The method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the claim 10 further comprising a step of:
laminating an end lamina between the outer laminae, the end lamina being made from wood and being disposed at both ends of the inner lamina, the end lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19% and having a thickness of about the inner lamina.
laminating an end lamina between the outer laminae, the end lamina being made from wood and being disposed at both ends of the inner lamina, the end lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19% and having a thickness of about the inner lamina.
12. The method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the claim 10, wherein the board segments are formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, OSL, and lauan.
13. The method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the claim 11, wherein the board segments are formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, OSL, and lauan.
14. The method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the claim 11, wherein the outer lamina and the end lamina are formed from members made from the same wood.
15. A method for forming a laminated wood building material comprising steps of:
placing board segments on a outer lamina so that joint portions thereof may be positioned longitudinally apart one another;
placing an outer lamina on the board segments; and laminating and bonding and inner lamina and the outer lamina simultaneously.
placing board segments on a outer lamina so that joint portions thereof may be positioned longitudinally apart one another;
placing an outer lamina on the board segments; and laminating and bonding and inner lamina and the outer lamina simultaneously.
16. The method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the claim 15 further comprising a step of:
laminating an end lamina between the outer laminae, the end lamina being made from wood and being disposed at both ends of the inner lamina, the end lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19% and having a thickness of about the inner lamina.
laminating an end lamina between the outer laminae, the end lamina being made from wood and being disposed at both ends of the inner lamina, the end lamina having a water content percentage equal to or less than 19% and having a thickness of about the inner lamina.
17. The method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the claim 15, wherein the board segments are formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, OSL, and lauan.
18. The method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the claim 16, wherein the board segments are formed from the material selected from fir plywood, OSB, MDF, PSL, LVL, OSL, and lauan.
19. The method for forming a laminated wood building material according to the claim 16, wherein the outer lamina and the end lamina are formed from members made from the same wood.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21220399 | 1999-07-27 | ||
| JP11-212203 | 1999-07-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2292218A1 true CA2292218A1 (en) | 2001-01-27 |
Family
ID=16618638
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2292218 Abandoned CA2292218A1 (en) | 1999-07-27 | 1999-12-15 | A laminated wood building material and a method for forming thereof |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3267961B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2574500A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2292218A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001007218A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10456948B2 (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2019-10-29 | Timber Structures 3.0 Ag | Component, method for connecting wood elements, computer program |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104589433B (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2017-01-25 | 浙江农林大学 | Wood shaping method and processing equipment |
| JP7147371B2 (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2022-10-05 | 株式会社大林組 | wooden frame |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5179710A (en) * | 1974-12-30 | 1976-07-12 | Shigeo Namiki | SEKISOGOBAN |
| JPS61110503A (en) * | 1984-11-06 | 1986-05-28 | 南機械株式会社 | Manufacture of flitch |
| JPH0225302A (en) * | 1988-07-15 | 1990-01-26 | Shimizu Corp | Laminated lumber for structure and manufacture thereof |
| JPH08187706A (en) * | 1995-01-10 | 1996-07-23 | Misawa Homes Co Ltd | Laminated lumber |
-
1999
- 1999-12-15 CA CA 2292218 patent/CA2292218A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2000
- 2000-02-18 JP JP2000582475A patent/JP3267961B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-18 WO PCT/JP2000/000947 patent/WO2001007218A1/en active Application Filing
- 2000-02-18 AU AU25745/00A patent/AU2574500A/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10456948B2 (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2019-10-29 | Timber Structures 3.0 Ag | Component, method for connecting wood elements, computer program |
| US11235489B2 (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2022-02-01 | Timber Structures 3.0 Ag | Component, method for connecting wood elements, computer program |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2574500A (en) | 2001-02-13 |
| JP3267961B2 (en) | 2002-03-25 |
| WO2001007218A1 (en) | 2001-02-01 |
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