CA2247322A1 - Method of correcting the determination of workpiece and tool positions in machine tools - Google Patents

Method of correcting the determination of workpiece and tool positions in machine tools Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2247322A1
CA2247322A1 CA 2247322 CA2247322A CA2247322A1 CA 2247322 A1 CA2247322 A1 CA 2247322A1 CA 2247322 CA2247322 CA 2247322 CA 2247322 A CA2247322 A CA 2247322A CA 2247322 A1 CA2247322 A1 CA 2247322A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
workpiece
tool
measuring
positions
machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA 2247322
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Wolfgang Horn
Horst Sanzenbacher
Karlhermann Sus
Soren Welb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hueller Hille GmbH
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2247322A1 publication Critical patent/CA2247322A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/404Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for compensation, e.g. for backlash, overshoot, tool offset, tool wear, temperature, machine construction errors, load, inertia
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/401Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for measuring, e.g. calibration and initialisation, measuring workpiece for machining purposes
    • G05B19/4015Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for measuring, e.g. calibration and initialisation, measuring workpiece for machining purposes going to a reference at the beginning of machine cycle, e.g. for calibration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/37Measurements
    • G05B2219/37415By cutting light beam
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/49Nc machine tool, till multiple
    • G05B2219/49207Compensate thermal displacement using measured distance
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/50Machine tool, machine tool null till machine tool work handling
    • G05B2219/50042Return to origin, reference point, zero point, homing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/50Machine tool, machine tool null till machine tool work handling
    • G05B2219/50133With optical beam, tool crosses beam

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method of correcting the determination of positions of workpieces and tools which can be moved relative to one another in machine tools, in particular CNC machining centres, by means of measuring systems internal to the machines. Machining inaccuracies caused by changes in the positions of the workpiece and/or tool owing to heat in the working region of the tool can be avoided if the workpiece and tool are moved with associated measuring points or measuring edges through a stationary optical test barrier, simultaneously or at short intervals one after the other. If the test barrier is interrupted, the respective positions of the workpiece and tool are determined by means of the measuring system internal to the machine. The positions determined are compared with stored positions determined during a previous measurement, and the difference between the determined position and the stored position is used to correct the machine control. The invention further concerns a machine for carrying out the method.

Description

PZ 3737fPC~r 16.01.19~8 de Process for Correction of Position Determination of Workpieces and Tools in Processing Machines 5 Description:

The invention relates to a process for correction of position determination of workpieces and tools movable relatively to each other in processing machines, particularly CNC processing centres, by the aid of machine-internal measuring 10 systems.

On application of major processing machines and/or in major processing centres, different heat-conditioned expansion at the machine bed, workpiece carriers and workpieces as well as at tool carriers and/or tools might be caused especially in the 15 event of changes in ambient temperature. Apart from the changed ambient temperature the use of coolants may also lead to different expansion. Even an agglomeration of thermally burdened chips, e.g. in dry processing, may have such effects. Especially with fast rotating main spindles may a reheating of bearings cause interfering growth in length. All these thermally conditioned changes take effect in the tool working area on 20 the actual positions of the workpiece and/or tool. The positions of workpiece and tool are regularly picked-up by the aid of machine-internal measuring systems which however cannot pick-up thermally conditioned changes in position in the working area of a tool. Because the design values of workpiece and tool positions predefined in a machine control are preset by machine-internal measuring systems, inaccuracies in 25 processing might be entailed due to these circumstances.

Known from US PS 4808000 are a device and a process for positioning of tools and/or workpieces, where they are moved up to an optical measuring barrier and fixed in their position there.
It is the task of the present invention to avoid processing inaccuracies by thermally-conditioned position changes of a tool and/or workpiece in the working area of a tool.

REVISED SHEET

PZ 3737/pcr - 2 -16.01.1998 de This task is solved by moving the workpiece and/or workpiece carrier and the tool and/or workpiece carrier with measuring points or measuring edges allocated to each other simultaneously or in brief intervals one after another through a stationary optical measuring barrier, and by picking-up the relative positions of the workpiece and/or tool s on interruption of the measuring barrier by the aid of the machine-internal measuring system, and by comparing picked-up positions with memorized positions, possibly from a previous measurement, and by using the difference between picked-up position and memorized position for correction of the machine control. Preferably each position picked-up is memorized after formation of a corrective value so that one previous 10 measurement each serves as reference for the next measurement. By application of the process being the subject of this invention all changes in position of the workpiece and tool and/or of their carriers in the working area of the tool, no matter which source they originate from, can be picked-up and be utilized for the formation of a corrective value for the machine control. In principle the process can be applied to form corrective 15 values for each of the three room axes if suitable optical measuring barriers are installed.

Preferably an optical beam, e.g. a laser beam is used as measuring barrier. Since a beam has finite dimensions, it is recommendable to move the workpiece and tool in the 20 same direction through the measuring barrier in order to ensure that the actual positions of workpiece and tool are picked-up at the same point.

The execution of the process being the subject of this invention is expediently effected with a processing machine, especially a CNC processing centre, with a workpiece 25 carrier and a tool carrier which are movable relatively to each other, and with a casing which at least surrounds the working area of a tool connected to the tool carrier, wherein sender and receiver for an optical beam are arranged at the opposite walls of the casing, said optical beam crossing the working area of the tool. In particular, the optical beam should extend orthogonally to the direction of movement of the workpiece 30 carrier and/or tool carrier.

Explained below are the examples for execution shown in the drawing, where:

PZ 3737/PC~r -3-16.01.1998 de Fig. 1 schematically and partly shows a front-end view of a processing machine, Fig. 2 shows the subject as per Fig. 1 in another function position Fig. 3 shows another layout of the subject as per Fig. 1 Fig. 4 shows a top view on the subject as per Fig. 3.

Part of the processing machine shown here is a machine bed 1 shown indicative only, with rails 2, on which a machine table 3 and a workpiece carrier with the workpiece 4 arranged on it is movable. Rails 2 extend in Z-direction as provided for by the coordinate cross ~ shown indicative at top right on Fig. 1.
The processing machine furthermore includes a spindle 7 resting in a bearing of spindle carrier 6, with the spindle nose 8 of spindle 7 being equipped to allow for connection of a tool not shown here. The axis of spindle 7 also extends in Z-direction.
Spindle carrier 6 with spindle 7 is movable in Z-direction.
The working area of the tool not shown here is crossed by an optical beam 9 which in the layout shown here extends in an X-Y-plane at an angle to the X-direction and thus orthogonally to the Z-direction. The stationary beam 9 emits from a sender 10 and hits a receiver 1 1. Sender 10 and receiver 11 are arranged at the opposite sides of a 20 casing not shown here which at least surrounds the working area of the tool.

Fig. 2a shows an enhanced part of workpiece 4 with a measuring edge 12 which extends in X-direction and points to the Z-direction. The spindle nose 8 uses its front-end face as measuring edge 13 which extends in X-Y-plane.
Not represented here is that machine-internal measuring systems are allocated to both the machine table 3 and/or workpiece carrier and to spindle carrier 6, with saidmachine-internal measuring systems being utilized to pick-up the relevant positions of workpiece carrier 4 and spindle carrier 6 which later-on represent the basis for machine 30 control. These machine-internal measuring systems however cannot pick-up thermally-conditioned shifts in various components and resultant changes in position of workpiece and/or tool in the working area of the tool.

PZ 3737/PC~r -4-16.01.1998 de Processing inaccuracies resulting therefrom are avoided as outlined under this invention by moving the workpiece 4 and the tool with their allocated measuring edges 12 and/or 13 simultaneously or within short intervals one after another through the laser beam 9 serving as stationary optical measuring barrier, that means preferably in 5 the same direction (Z-direction), and that on interruption of the measuring barrier the relevant positions of workpiece 4 and/or of the tool are picked-up by the aid of a machine-internal measuring system, and that the picked-up positions are comparedwith positions memorized from a previous measurement, and that the difference between the picked-up position and the memorized position is utilized for correction of 10 the machine control. In particular, each picked-up position can be memorized after formation of a corrective value and thus form the reference value for the next measurement. It is self-understanding that the picked-up positions are memorizedindependently from the machine-internal measuring system.

15 In the layout shown in Fig. 3 and 4 the same reference symbols designate the same parts. The machine table 3 is a rotary table with two workpieces 4 arranged on it, which are also rotatable. Fig. 4 a reflects an enhanced part of workpiece 4 with the allocated measuring edge 12 which is also open in Z-direction. Sender 10 and receiver 11 for the stationary beam 9 like the other machines, too, are connected with the machine bed 1.

~ . ~

PZ 3737/pcr 16.01.1998 de List of Reference Symbols Machine bed 2 Rails s 3 Machine table 4 Workpiece, workpiece carrier 5 Coordinate cross 6 Spindle carrier 7 Spindle, tool carrier 10 8 Spindle nose 9 Beam, measuring barrier 1 0 Sender 1 1 Receiver 12 Measuring edge at 4 15 13 Measuring edge at 7 and/or 8

Claims (4)

Claims
1. Process for correction of position determination of workpieces and tools movable relatively to each other in processing machines, particularly CNC processing centres, by the aid of machine-internal measuring systems, characterized in that the workpiece (4) and the tool with their allocated measuring points or measuring edges (12,13) are moved simultaneously or within short intervals one after another though a stationary optical measuring barrier (9), and that on interruption of the measuring barrier (9) the relevant positions of the workpiece (4) and/or of the tool are picked-up by the aid of a machine-internal measuring system, and that the picked-up positions are compared with memorized positions, and that the difference between the picked-up position and the memorized position is utilized for correction of the machine control.
2. Process pursuant to Claim 1, characterized by the use of an optical beam (9) as measuring barrier.
3. Process pursuant to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the workpiece (4) andthe tool are moved in the same direction through the measuring barrier (9).
4. Process pursuant to any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the relevant position picked-up is memorized after formation of a corrective value.
CA 2247322 1996-02-29 1997-01-17 Method of correcting the determination of workpiece and tool positions in machine tools Abandoned CA2247322A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19607599A DE19607599A1 (en) 1996-02-29 1996-02-29 Procedure for correcting the position determination of workpieces and tools in processing machines
DE19607599.8 1996-02-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2247322A1 true CA2247322A1 (en) 1997-09-04

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA 2247322 Abandoned CA2247322A1 (en) 1996-02-29 1997-01-17 Method of correcting the determination of workpiece and tool positions in machine tools

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0883466A1 (en)
AU (1) AU1541797A (en)
CA (1) CA2247322A1 (en)
DE (1) DE19607599A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1997031751A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19859360C2 (en) * 1998-12-22 2003-07-17 Schwaebische Werkzeugmaschinen Machine tool with piezoelectric position correction device
DE10330915B4 (en) * 2003-07-04 2008-01-03 Chiron-Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Method for compensation of displacements
ES2305956T3 (en) 2005-07-21 2008-11-01 Cross Huller Gmbh PROCEDURE FOR CHECKING THE SEAT OR UNBALANCE OF A TOOL.
DE102008004849B4 (en) 2008-01-17 2012-02-09 Vollmer Werke Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Apparatus and method for machining workpieces
EP2163959A1 (en) * 2008-09-16 2010-03-17 Tornos SA Method for calibration of the position of the cutting edge of a tool on a machine-tool
DE102009036013A1 (en) * 2009-08-04 2011-02-17 Weinmann Holzbausystemtechnik Gmbh Method for machining workpieces
EP2325710A1 (en) * 2009-10-14 2011-05-25 Tornos SA Method and system for compensating dimensional variations in a machining tool
RU2634529C1 (en) * 2016-05-24 2017-10-31 Борис Михайлович Дмитриев Method for testing metal-cutting machines by accuracy parameters under action of thermal disturbances

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD109197A1 (en) * 1973-10-29 1974-10-20
DE3218754C2 (en) * 1982-05-18 1985-11-28 Friedrich Deckel AG, 8000 München Method and device for measuring a tool clamped in an adjustable tool holder of a machine tool
EP0268622A1 (en) * 1986-06-12 1988-06-01 Mas Vertriebs Gmbh Für Zerspanungstechnik Process, measuring apparatus, precisely settable tool-holder with compensating device for process integrated quality insurance in cutting machine-tools
US4808000A (en) 1986-10-15 1989-02-28 Union Oil Company Of California Positioning device and method
DE58900942D1 (en) * 1988-06-07 1992-04-16 Gottlieb Horak METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE CONTACTLESS MEASUREMENT OF A WORKPIECE.
DE3905949A1 (en) * 1989-02-25 1990-08-30 Herbert Prof Dr Ing Schulz METHOD FOR MEASURING CUTTING EDGES
DE4023581A1 (en) * 1990-07-25 1992-02-13 Heller Geb Gmbh Maschf METHOD FOR MEASURING A TOOL IN A NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED MACHINING MACHINE WITH AUTOMATIC TOOL CHANGE, AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD
DE4028006C2 (en) * 1990-09-04 1994-04-14 Deutsche Aerospace Process for compensating dimensional deviations from NC or CNC controlled machine tools
DE4030185A1 (en) * 1990-09-24 1992-03-26 Siemens Ag Calibrating machine tools to generate complex shapes - optically scanning to provide data for comparison with reference e.g. for dental crown
DE4238504C2 (en) * 1992-11-14 1996-04-25 Chiron Werke Gmbh Method for measuring a tool

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1997031751A1 (en) 1997-09-04
AU1541797A (en) 1997-09-16
EP0883466A1 (en) 1998-12-16
DE19607599A1 (en) 1997-09-04

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