CA2244187A1 - Granulating or pelletizing process - Google Patents
Granulating or pelletizing process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2244187A1 CA2244187A1 CA 2244187 CA2244187A CA2244187A1 CA 2244187 A1 CA2244187 A1 CA 2244187A1 CA 2244187 CA2244187 CA 2244187 CA 2244187 A CA2244187 A CA 2244187A CA 2244187 A1 CA2244187 A1 CA 2244187A1
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- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- granules
- materials
- speed mixer
- modified high
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/10—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic in stationary drums or troughs, provided with kneading or mixing appliances
Abstract
A process is being applied on materials for producing granules or pellets in the form of spheres by using a modified high-speed mixture with certain modifications and adaptations. Said materials are in the form of powder, short fibers, or a mixture thereof, which can be fulfilled by adding a liquid and/or a binder.
Description
GRANULATING OR PELLETIZING PROCESS
BACKGROUND OF THE tNVENTION:
This invention relates to the process of handling materials. More specifically, it is directed to a process of granulating or palletizing of materials.
Granulating or palletizing of finely divided materials is a recent industrial field, which is very useful for handling materials. Granulating or pellitizing is required for industries of pharmaceuticals, foods, chemicals, absorbents, combustible materials, fertilizers, carriers, fillers, metals extraction from ores, pet litters, compounding of plastics, coloring, paints and others.
The modified high-speed mixer (MHSM) is the best efficient equipment and process to give high precise mixing results for at least two different materials components.
The present invention deals with granulating or pelletizing materials by using the MHSM which is covering materials in the form of powder, discontinuous fibers, fine granules and/or a mixture thereof.
The granulating process, according to the present invention is useful for materials such as minerals, polymers, pharmaceuticals, food materials, natural or synthetic fibers, metal ores, binders, rubbers, resins whether in the form of solid or in liquid forms when mixed with other solid ingredients.
Detail description of the invention:
Two consecutive steps can be carried out for obtaining granules or pellets.
The first step is a normal mixing of different ingredients of materials by using a mixer and the second step is granulating or palletizing said pre-mixed materials by using another equipment, which is pelletizer or granulater. 1t is, therefor, an object of the present invention to make the mixing and the granulation in one step. Furthermore, the dryness and dehydration can be made in the same process and by the same equipment. Another object of the present invention is to give high precise mix and high compressibility and friability spherical granules or pellets.
One of the important features on carrying out the present invention, is the mixing of a liquid with solid particles. Granules or pellets can be formulated by adding a calculated weight or volume of said liquid. The addition of said liquid can be before, while or after mixing with said solid materials, which can be in the form of powder, fibers, fine granules or a mixture therefrom and of one or more different ingredients.
Said liquid, in most cases, is water, alkaline or acidified water of pH range from 1-13.
In other cases, it could be solvents, suspensions, liquid adhesives, liquid binders, liquid resins or the like. The addition of said liquid material or materials would mix with the solid substrates. Said liquid material or materials can be in the form of streams, drops, spray or fine stream of threads while mixing, till the needed optimum weight or volume of the required liquid is attained to form said granules or pellets.
BACKGROUND OF THE tNVENTION:
This invention relates to the process of handling materials. More specifically, it is directed to a process of granulating or palletizing of materials.
Granulating or palletizing of finely divided materials is a recent industrial field, which is very useful for handling materials. Granulating or pellitizing is required for industries of pharmaceuticals, foods, chemicals, absorbents, combustible materials, fertilizers, carriers, fillers, metals extraction from ores, pet litters, compounding of plastics, coloring, paints and others.
The modified high-speed mixer (MHSM) is the best efficient equipment and process to give high precise mixing results for at least two different materials components.
The present invention deals with granulating or pelletizing materials by using the MHSM which is covering materials in the form of powder, discontinuous fibers, fine granules and/or a mixture thereof.
The granulating process, according to the present invention is useful for materials such as minerals, polymers, pharmaceuticals, food materials, natural or synthetic fibers, metal ores, binders, rubbers, resins whether in the form of solid or in liquid forms when mixed with other solid ingredients.
Detail description of the invention:
Two consecutive steps can be carried out for obtaining granules or pellets.
The first step is a normal mixing of different ingredients of materials by using a mixer and the second step is granulating or palletizing said pre-mixed materials by using another equipment, which is pelletizer or granulater. 1t is, therefor, an object of the present invention to make the mixing and the granulation in one step. Furthermore, the dryness and dehydration can be made in the same process and by the same equipment. Another object of the present invention is to give high precise mix and high compressibility and friability spherical granules or pellets.
One of the important features on carrying out the present invention, is the mixing of a liquid with solid particles. Granules or pellets can be formulated by adding a calculated weight or volume of said liquid. The addition of said liquid can be before, while or after mixing with said solid materials, which can be in the form of powder, fibers, fine granules or a mixture therefrom and of one or more different ingredients.
Said liquid, in most cases, is water, alkaline or acidified water of pH range from 1-13.
In other cases, it could be solvents, suspensions, liquid adhesives, liquid binders, liquid resins or the like. The addition of said liquid material or materials would mix with the solid substrates. Said liquid material or materials can be in the form of streams, drops, spray or fine stream of threads while mixing, till the needed optimum weight or volume of the required liquid is attained to form said granules or pellets.
The granules or pellets are formed by using a MHSM of varied mixing speed range by using a drive of one, two, three or more speeds, or a variable speed drive up to 1500 round per minute depending on the nature of the ingredients and the required granules' size. The granules or pellets are in the form of spheres. The size of said spheres can also be controlled as follows:
1. The speed of the mix: The lower mixing speed gives the bigger size of the granules or pellets, and the higher mixing speed gives smaller size of the granules or pellets.
2. The size of the liquid drops: The finer size of drops gives smaller size of granules or pellets and the grosser size of drops gives bigger size of granules or pel lets.
1. The speed of the mix: The lower mixing speed gives the bigger size of the granules or pellets, and the higher mixing speed gives smaller size of the granules or pellets.
2. The size of the liquid drops: The finer size of drops gives smaller size of granules or pellets and the grosser size of drops gives bigger size of granules or pel lets.
3. The rate of liquid additions: The high rate of the added liquid gives bigger size of granules.
4. The wider blades of the mixer, leads to fast formation of the spherical granules, and the contrary do not lead to the formation of any granules or pellets.
A continuous production can be achieved by using a timer regulator by opening and closing the charging and discharging gates of the said modified high-speed mixer. It can also be computerized.
Normally, the charging gates are installed on the top or on the mixer container lid, and the discharging gate on the lowest part of the mixer container's wall.
Generating external or internal heat or cool systems in the mixer container depends on the nature of the material to be mixed and the procedure, and/or the form of granules to be obtained whether the granules are dried or humid as required.
The MHSM is a horizontal angular wide blade or blades. Normally two angular blades in a cross shape with each other on the horizontal level are fixed from their center from one side of a vertical shaft. Its other end is passing through the center of a high wall cylindrical container, either from the bottom or from the lid.
This other end of the shaft is attached to a fixed or variable speed drive by a direct or indirect attachment Spraying the liquid by using a sprayer or a nozzle depends on the required form or size of the granules and the nature of the added liquid. A window with lighting lamp can be fixed on the lid for normal vision, if required.
The heating system could be electric, steam, water, oil or air. The cooling system also can be applied and can bee fixed by a suitable way. Heating or cooling systems can be installed upon requirements.
Generating heat while operating the modified high-speed mixer is useful for drying the humid material, hemi-hydrating materials such as gypsum and dehydrating of materials upon the required process and procedure. Accordingly, a vacuum is fixed to suck out the vapor and humidity.
The size of said MHSM is variable upon the requirements as from small laboratory size to the biggest possible industrial size The binder materials are those materials related to the group consisting of natural or synthetic polymers or copolymers, and their modifiers, mineral binders, gypsum, cement, mixed gypsum with cement, colloidal bonding clay, bentonite, polymer cement, starch, modified starch carbohydrates, adhesives, bonding agents, guar gum, guar derivatives, carboxymethyl guar, hydroxypropyl guar, carboxymethylhydroxypropyl guar, carboxymethyl starch, pregelatinized starch, alginates, pectins, polyacrylamides and derivatives thereof, polyacrylates and copolymers thereof, polyethyleneoxides, cellulose derivatives, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethylhydroxyethyl cellulose, methylhydroxyethyl cellulose, caboxymethyldihydroxypropyl cellulose, xanthan gum, dairy wastes, wood related products, lignin and lignin derivatives, or mixture thereof.
Generating heat while operating the modified high-speed mixer is useful for drying the humid material, hemi-hydrating materials such as gypsum and dehydrating of materials upon the required process and procedure.
More speed and/or more liquid added cause deformation of the granules. So, the adjustments are required in this invention.
After the granules or pellets are formed as per the present invention so far described, they are transferred by conveyer for drying in a dryer or transferred directly to a closed drying conveyer. The pellets or the granules can be broken down into lower size for shaping angular granules, if required and can be screened to remove dust, which can be reused for granulation.
If any volatile liquid is used for granulation other than water, so it can be recovered.
A continuous production can be achieved by using a timer regulator by opening and closing the charging and discharging gates of the said modified high-speed mixer. It can also be computerized.
Normally, the charging gates are installed on the top or on the mixer container lid, and the discharging gate on the lowest part of the mixer container's wall.
Generating external or internal heat or cool systems in the mixer container depends on the nature of the material to be mixed and the procedure, and/or the form of granules to be obtained whether the granules are dried or humid as required.
The MHSM is a horizontal angular wide blade or blades. Normally two angular blades in a cross shape with each other on the horizontal level are fixed from their center from one side of a vertical shaft. Its other end is passing through the center of a high wall cylindrical container, either from the bottom or from the lid.
This other end of the shaft is attached to a fixed or variable speed drive by a direct or indirect attachment Spraying the liquid by using a sprayer or a nozzle depends on the required form or size of the granules and the nature of the added liquid. A window with lighting lamp can be fixed on the lid for normal vision, if required.
The heating system could be electric, steam, water, oil or air. The cooling system also can be applied and can bee fixed by a suitable way. Heating or cooling systems can be installed upon requirements.
Generating heat while operating the modified high-speed mixer is useful for drying the humid material, hemi-hydrating materials such as gypsum and dehydrating of materials upon the required process and procedure. Accordingly, a vacuum is fixed to suck out the vapor and humidity.
The size of said MHSM is variable upon the requirements as from small laboratory size to the biggest possible industrial size The binder materials are those materials related to the group consisting of natural or synthetic polymers or copolymers, and their modifiers, mineral binders, gypsum, cement, mixed gypsum with cement, colloidal bonding clay, bentonite, polymer cement, starch, modified starch carbohydrates, adhesives, bonding agents, guar gum, guar derivatives, carboxymethyl guar, hydroxypropyl guar, carboxymethylhydroxypropyl guar, carboxymethyl starch, pregelatinized starch, alginates, pectins, polyacrylamides and derivatives thereof, polyacrylates and copolymers thereof, polyethyleneoxides, cellulose derivatives, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethylhydroxyethyl cellulose, methylhydroxyethyl cellulose, caboxymethyldihydroxypropyl cellulose, xanthan gum, dairy wastes, wood related products, lignin and lignin derivatives, or mixture thereof.
Generating heat while operating the modified high-speed mixer is useful for drying the humid material, hemi-hydrating materials such as gypsum and dehydrating of materials upon the required process and procedure.
More speed and/or more liquid added cause deformation of the granules. So, the adjustments are required in this invention.
After the granules or pellets are formed as per the present invention so far described, they are transferred by conveyer for drying in a dryer or transferred directly to a closed drying conveyer. The pellets or the granules can be broken down into lower size for shaping angular granules, if required and can be screened to remove dust, which can be reused for granulation.
If any volatile liquid is used for granulation other than water, so it can be recovered.
EXAMPLES:
Example 1:
a. A 10-kg of powdered flower Were added to fill 35% of the container's volume of the said laboratory modified high-speed mixer b. The mixer is operated at speed 600 R/M.
c. The water is sprayed in the form of continuous drops. The drop diameter ranges from 3 to 10 mm.
d. The quantity of water was calculated.
The Results: The granules are formed in the form of spheres after adding 27%
by volume of water. The diameter of the formed granules is 6-15 mm.
Example 2:
A 10 kg of gypsum powder (hemi-hydrated) (CaS04 '/2 H20) as per the steps of the above Example #1.
The Results: The diameter of the formed granules ranges between 8 to 17 mm.
The weight of water is 25% to the weight of the gypsum. A continuous mixing at a lower speed (200 to 300 R/M), while passing hot air current through one or two openings of the mixer container's lid to evaporate the water by keep the temperature constant at 200°F.
Example 3:
A 10 kg clay material plus 50 grams. of the binder sodium carboxymethoxy cellulose were placed in the MHSM as per Example 1, sprayed water was added till the complete formation of granules.
Example 1:
a. A 10-kg of powdered flower Were added to fill 35% of the container's volume of the said laboratory modified high-speed mixer b. The mixer is operated at speed 600 R/M.
c. The water is sprayed in the form of continuous drops. The drop diameter ranges from 3 to 10 mm.
d. The quantity of water was calculated.
The Results: The granules are formed in the form of spheres after adding 27%
by volume of water. The diameter of the formed granules is 6-15 mm.
Example 2:
A 10 kg of gypsum powder (hemi-hydrated) (CaS04 '/2 H20) as per the steps of the above Example #1.
The Results: The diameter of the formed granules ranges between 8 to 17 mm.
The weight of water is 25% to the weight of the gypsum. A continuous mixing at a lower speed (200 to 300 R/M), while passing hot air current through one or two openings of the mixer container's lid to evaporate the water by keep the temperature constant at 200°F.
Example 3:
A 10 kg clay material plus 50 grams. of the binder sodium carboxymethoxy cellulose were placed in the MHSM as per Example 1, sprayed water was added till the complete formation of granules.
The Results: The formed granules are of diameter 8-18 mm.and the granules becoming very hard after drying.
Example 4:
As per Example 3, but 1 kg. of defibrated waste paper was added.
The Results: Fast formation of granules by adding 30% of water in the form of drops.
Example 5:
4 kgs. of gypsum (plaster of Paris), plus 5 kgs. of slag plus 1 kg. defibrated paper was placed together in the container of the MHSM, while operating at its highest speed for 10 seconds; that is for a precise mixing of these ingredients. Then the speed was reduced to 900 R/M. Water was then sprayed till the formation of the granules.
The Results: Adding 2b% of water forms Granules of size 7-16 mm by weight Example 6:
kgs, of calcium carbonate of 200 mesh were placed in the MHSM while operating. Then 50 grams of sodium carboxymethoxy cellulose binder are mixed with calcium carbonate as per Example 3.
The results: Formation of semi-hard granules of diameter 6-12 mm and the granules are dried up to 1 % humidity Example 7:
5 kgs. of calcium carbonate plus 5 kgs. of finely powdered homopolymer polypropylene plus 100 grams of the binder sodium carboxymethoxy cellulose were mixed together at the highest speed of the MHSM. The process is completed as per Example 6.
The Results: The granules have a diameter of 5-10 mm and can be dried up to 1-2% humidity. The obtained granules are tested in a screwed injection machine.
The results are homogenous distribution of the calcium carbonate particles through the polymer matrices, similar to the materials obtained from the compounding Extruder of the same ingredients.
This process is very useful to exclude the high expensive compounding Extruders and to decrease or exclude the high sheer effect as a result of the compounding Extruders.
Therefore, the mechanical properties of the obtained compounding materials will be improved accordingly.
Example 8:
kgs. of calcium carbonate was premixed with 0.1 % by weight of pre-hydrolized carboxymethoxysilane in the MHSM. The procedure will continue using the same ingredients as per Example 7.
The Results: As per Example #7, but it was found more compatibilization of the filler through the polypropylene matrix.
Example 9:
As per Example 7, but 0.5% by weight of the calcium carbonate of blue powder pigment was added.
The Results: Full regular distribution of the pigment over ali the polymer matrix.
_g_ Example 10:
As per Example 8, but 0.5% by weight of the calcium carbonate of blue powder color was added.
The Results: More combatibilization and improvement in the physical properties based on the obtained materials of Example 9.
Example 11:
kgs. of iron or powder are mixed with sodiumcarboxymethoxy cellulose (0.5% by weight of the iron ore). The procedure continued as per Example 1.
The results: Granules of size 8-15 mm were formed by adding 22% by weight of water.
_g_
Example 4:
As per Example 3, but 1 kg. of defibrated waste paper was added.
The Results: Fast formation of granules by adding 30% of water in the form of drops.
Example 5:
4 kgs. of gypsum (plaster of Paris), plus 5 kgs. of slag plus 1 kg. defibrated paper was placed together in the container of the MHSM, while operating at its highest speed for 10 seconds; that is for a precise mixing of these ingredients. Then the speed was reduced to 900 R/M. Water was then sprayed till the formation of the granules.
The Results: Adding 2b% of water forms Granules of size 7-16 mm by weight Example 6:
kgs, of calcium carbonate of 200 mesh were placed in the MHSM while operating. Then 50 grams of sodium carboxymethoxy cellulose binder are mixed with calcium carbonate as per Example 3.
The results: Formation of semi-hard granules of diameter 6-12 mm and the granules are dried up to 1 % humidity Example 7:
5 kgs. of calcium carbonate plus 5 kgs. of finely powdered homopolymer polypropylene plus 100 grams of the binder sodium carboxymethoxy cellulose were mixed together at the highest speed of the MHSM. The process is completed as per Example 6.
The Results: The granules have a diameter of 5-10 mm and can be dried up to 1-2% humidity. The obtained granules are tested in a screwed injection machine.
The results are homogenous distribution of the calcium carbonate particles through the polymer matrices, similar to the materials obtained from the compounding Extruder of the same ingredients.
This process is very useful to exclude the high expensive compounding Extruders and to decrease or exclude the high sheer effect as a result of the compounding Extruders.
Therefore, the mechanical properties of the obtained compounding materials will be improved accordingly.
Example 8:
kgs. of calcium carbonate was premixed with 0.1 % by weight of pre-hydrolized carboxymethoxysilane in the MHSM. The procedure will continue using the same ingredients as per Example 7.
The Results: As per Example #7, but it was found more compatibilization of the filler through the polypropylene matrix.
Example 9:
As per Example 7, but 0.5% by weight of the calcium carbonate of blue powder pigment was added.
The Results: Full regular distribution of the pigment over ali the polymer matrix.
_g_ Example 10:
As per Example 8, but 0.5% by weight of the calcium carbonate of blue powder color was added.
The Results: More combatibilization and improvement in the physical properties based on the obtained materials of Example 9.
Example 11:
kgs. of iron or powder are mixed with sodiumcarboxymethoxy cellulose (0.5% by weight of the iron ore). The procedure continued as per Example 1.
The results: Granules of size 8-15 mm were formed by adding 22% by weight of water.
_g_
Claims (18)
1. A process for forming spherical granules or pellets from one or more solid ingredients of materials being in the form of powder, discontinuous fibers or prefinely granules, or a mixture therefrom, is made by adding a liquid and, a binder material is optionally added, by using a modified high-speed mixer, wherein said mixer has a wide horizontal angular blade or two wide horizontal angular blades or multi-wide horizontal angular blades of a cross shape with each other, wherein said blade or blades are fixed from its or their center to one side of a vertical shaft in a cylindrical container having a lid, wherein the other end of said shaft is attached with a drive.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vertical shaft is passing from its end through the center of cylindrical container at its bottom.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vertical shaft is passing from its end through the center of the lid.
4. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified high-speed mixer comprises a heating system.
5. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified high-speed mixer comprises a cooling system.
6. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified high-speed mixer comprises heating and cooling systems.
7. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified high-speed mixer has a drive of 1, 2, 3, or more speeds.
8. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drive has variable speeds.
9. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lid has one or more gates.
10.A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cylindrical container has a discharge gate.
11.A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lid has a vision window with a lighting lamp.
12. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified high-speed mixer has a controlled liquid sprayer.
13.A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the charging and discharging gates are controlled by automatic system for continuous production.
14.A process for forming spherical granules or pellets as claimed in claim 1, comprises the steps of:
a) transferring said solid ingredients in the cylindrical container of the said modified high-speed mixer;
b) mixing the ingredients of step a) together by operating the said modified high-speed mixer;
c) adding a calculated weight of a liquid suitable to form said spherical granules;
d) adding a binder, optionally, to step b) or c);
e) continuing operating the modified high-speed mixer tilt the formation of said spherical granules or pellets;
f) discharging the granules of step e) by opening the discharge gate; and heat is optionally generated for partial or complete dryness of the materials of step b) or e) or both.
a) transferring said solid ingredients in the cylindrical container of the said modified high-speed mixer;
b) mixing the ingredients of step a) together by operating the said modified high-speed mixer;
c) adding a calculated weight of a liquid suitable to form said spherical granules;
d) adding a binder, optionally, to step b) or c);
e) continuing operating the modified high-speed mixer tilt the formation of said spherical granules or pellets;
f) discharging the granules of step e) by opening the discharge gate; and heat is optionally generated for partial or complete dryness of the materials of step b) or e) or both.
15.A process as claimed in claim 1 or 13, wherein the powder materials, discontinues fibers or pre-finely granules or a mixer thereof are selected from the group consisting of food materials, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, plastics, rubbers, minerals, ores, natural fibers, synthetic fibers, binders, adhesives, whether in a solid phase or in a liquid phase, wherein the liquid phase will be mixed with the other ingredients of the solid phase, wherein said materials, are from wastes or virgin materials.
16. A process as claimed in claim 1 or 13, wherein the added liquid material is selected from the group consisting of water, acidified and alkaline water of pH
from 1-13, liquid binders, liquid polymers, liquid adhesives or dissolved or suspended solid binders, solid polymers, solid adhesives and paints or pigments in their suitable solvents.
from 1-13, liquid binders, liquid polymers, liquid adhesives or dissolved or suspended solid binders, solid polymers, solid adhesives and paints or pigments in their suitable solvents.
17.A process as claimed in claim 1 or 13, wherein the solid material will mix with a binder material, wherein said binder material is selected from the group consisting of natural or synthetic polymers or copolymers, and their modifiers, mineral binders, gypsum, cement, mixed gypsum with cement, colloidal bonding clay, bentonite, polymer cement, starch, modified starch carbohydrates, adhesives, bonding agents, guar gum, guar derivatives, carboxymethyl guar, hydroxypropyl guar, carboxymethylhydroxypropyl guar, carboxymethyl starch, pregelatinized starch, alginates, pectins, polyacrylamides and derivatives thereof, polyacrylates and copolymers thereof, polyethyleneoxides, cellulose derivatives, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethylhydroxyethyl cellulose, methylhydroxyethyl cellulose, caboxymethyldihydroxypropyl cellulose, xanthan gum, dairy wastes, wood related products, lignin and lignin derivatives, or mixture thereof.
18.A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid is containing volatile solvent for fast drying and increasing the porosity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2244187 CA2244187A1 (en) | 1998-09-01 | 1998-09-01 | Granulating or pelletizing process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2244187 CA2244187A1 (en) | 1998-09-01 | 1998-09-01 | Granulating or pelletizing process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2244187A1 true CA2244187A1 (en) | 2000-03-01 |
Family
ID=29409703
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2244187 Abandoned CA2244187A1 (en) | 1998-09-01 | 1998-09-01 | Granulating or pelletizing process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2244187A1 (en) |
-
1998
- 1998-09-01 CA CA 2244187 patent/CA2244187A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Dead |