CA2236106A1 - An improved system with modular elements for constructions - Google Patents
An improved system with modular elements for constructions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2236106A1 CA2236106A1 CA002236106A CA2236106A CA2236106A1 CA 2236106 A1 CA2236106 A1 CA 2236106A1 CA 002236106 A CA002236106 A CA 002236106A CA 2236106 A CA2236106 A CA 2236106A CA 2236106 A1 CA2236106 A1 CA 2236106A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- structural
- building system
- modular
- elements
- modular elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 claims 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 abstract description 30
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000003323 beak Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009436 residential construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
- E04B2/52—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities the walls being characterised by fillings in some of the cavities forming load-bearing pillars or beams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
Abstract
The improved system with modular elements for constructions according to the present invention comprises: modules with joints having a flexible or ultraflexible arrangement; a polyfunctional modular element for perforations like hollow spaces; a plurality of canalizations transversal to the vertical holes; a plurality of deep groovings, arranged on the edges of the modules with hollow spaces; a polyvalent modular element, complementary to the normal modules, provided with horizontal tappings (10, 23, 24) separated in a plurality of projecting rostra; a polyvalent module with hollow spaces or with a complete circuit of vertical perforations, possibly connected and/or that may be connected with convenient horizontal groves; a plurality of kinds of joints - prismatic, with an arc or in two separate rostra - as those realized on the special module.
Description
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 "AN IMPROVED SYSTEM WITH MODUI.AR ELEMENTS FOR
q CON~ ~llONS"
The present inventlon concerns an improved system with modular elements for brickwork constructions of greatest solidity and constructive convenience, together with the necessary thermic and hydro-h~y-~ ~Lric nonconductivity.
According to the features of a former patent application filed by the same applicant and granted in Italy under patent no. 12~8259, a system with modular elements for constructions is known having:
- a plurality of horizontal and vertical canalizations for forming, in use, a network of small pillars and rafters (homogeneous with the modules), inside the stonework, whereby said small pillars and rafters may be possibly reinforced with iron bars and therefore may replace the conventional reinforced concrete grillage;
- a circuit of perimetric or semi-perimetric fixed joint - sheathing, with a rigidly orthogonal course, for allowing a quick and linear dry assemblying of the modules in the wall and such W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 as to prevent later successive discharges of concrete in the leakage phase;
- an appropriate groove, for leading the leaking concrete into a large extension between the surfaces of the modules in contact, for realizing the greatest homogenization between said modular elements and between the latter and above mentioned network of small pillars and rafters;
- a special module, corresponding to a module without hollow spaces, that is to be used for all needs of angulation and stonework connection, forming, alone, the replacement of many modules for special use (right angle and left angle, end of the wall, half module, crossing etc.).
It is the aim of the present invention to improve the functionality of the system claimed in the former patent, and in particular:
- to expand the use of the system;
- to complete the system with original parts and solutions;
- to improve all operative and functional features.
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 The aim set forth is reached by means of the improved system according to the present invention, comprising:
- joint modules with flexible or ultra-flexible joint, alternative or complementary to a system characterized in a rigid orthogonality, so as to allow also the construction of stoneworks with curves and/or with acute or plane angles;
- modules provided with horizon~al and vertical canalizations forming, in use, a concrete network of small pillars and rafters, that can be possibly reinforced, homogeneous with the modules, laterally expanded until between the joints, such as to assure a more coherent and expanded resting base between superimposed modules;
- a polifunctional modular element provided with holes like hollow spaces, with a rational disposition of the volumes and of spaces belonging to said hollow spaces, particularly provided with an edging of the horizontal female joint, obt~ine~ by a throttling of said holes;
- a plurality of canalizations, horizontal to the vertical holes, obtained due to the structural flexibility and the thermic nonconductivity, so as to make a combination right for the arrangement of the infrastructure services of W O 97/16610 PCT~T9~100200 the building, and to allow a complete circuit of empty spaces in the whole structure that can be possibly filled up with insulating materials with the function of structural reserve if parts of the walls are to be reinforced, as it may be reinforced in vertical and horizontal sense, by means of .pouring through the provided canalizations, thus obtaining also the lintels directly with the modules;
a p~urality of deep grooves, arranged on the edges of the hollow spaces modules, so as to prepare them for a manual, external cementation, for:
- hermetically sealing the hollow spaces for the hydro-hygrometric seal and for the thermic nonconductivity;
- providing the lateral parts of the modules in use with a cemented and safe support, as the partition of the hollow spaces prevents the peripherical expansion of the casting cement;
a polyvalent modular element, complementar with the normal modules, provided with a plurality of connection poles, and that may replace many kinds of special modules with directional peculiarity, characterized in horizontal tappings, separated in a plurality of projecting rostra, alternate to the combination of W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/OOZOO
structural notchings on the modules, which are otherwise necessary for housing the joint-tappings of the transversally superimposed modules and that therefore may also be provided with a flexible position joint;
- a polyvalent modular element with a hollow space that has been functionally and on purpose conceived with a circuit having vertical holes, possibly connected and/or that may be connected with fiting horizontal grooves, arranged in such a position that some of these may be one by one provided with canalization and may continuously cemented nearby a possible transversal stonework coupling, whereby the flow of the cement casting doesn't pass into the adjacent holes;
- a polyvalent modular element further provided with shapes and means for its transformation, for obtaining during installation fitting stonework shapes and abutments;
- special complementar modules for the highest constructive efficiency, in particular for a practical arrangement of the floor and for a lintel with standstill slope.
The present invention will be described more in detail hereinbelow, relating to the drawings in which some embodiments are shown.
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/002 Figure 1 shows an axonometric view of a module according to the improved system f o r constructions.
Figure 2 shows a front section of a plurality of modules according to figure 1.
Figure 3 shows a module, pointing out the part having the horizontal female joint.
Figures 4 and 5 show an axonometric and a plant view of a polyvalent module.
Figures 6 and 7 show two examples of construction according to the present system.
Figures 8 and 9 show axonometric views of a full module and of its corresponding polyvalent with prismatic tapping joints.
Figure 10 shows a front scheme of the installation of full modules with prismatic sheathing joint, and in dotte lines special, complementar elements.
Figures 11 and 12 show a variant of a full module and his corresponding polyvalent, with horizontal W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 joints with circular expression the one, and with vertical joints with bent frontons.
Figure 13 shows a variant of a module combined with one side provided with hollow spaces and one side full.
Figure 14 shows a mix module, having a moderate presence of holes.
The enclosed figures show an improved system with modular elements for constructions, comprising modules provided with hollow spaces, as shown in figure 1, and fitting for residential building, as well as full modules, as shown in figure 8, with high compactness of shapes and symbiosis with the network, suitable for boundary walls, constructions with high carrying capacity etc., and combined modules with a full and a holed side, as shown in figure 13, for particular needs of nonconductivity and at the same time robustness.
All described modules according to the present system may be realized out of any material, comprising material with an extremely low resistance to compression and to various strains, as the cement framework, incorporated in the wall W O 97/16610 PCTnT95/00200 and possibly vertically and horizontally reinforced, is suitable alone to the carrying capacity of the work.
A further feature of the system according to the present invention consists of the joints, different according to the needs of the different kinds of walls or parts of walls to realize -straight and orthogonal, straight with curved parts, very curved, etc. -: horizontal joints with plane and orthogonal sections for constructions with a prevaling linear development and with right angles; with prismatic or circular sections for the curved parts, and combinations thereof according to the needs.
Further joints of the vertical kind, like those with a coupled tapping, have a greater aesthetic valence, possibly on the visible walls of the polyvalent modules and on the face-sight walls, while the modules with alternate tapping are mainly used for a quick installation; both kinds may be used for mainly straight walls, while in the curve parts they need a plugging (with mortar or other) before the casting, for closing the gaps resulting in the external arch of the walls.
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 Instead, the elements with vertical bent joints do not need plugging as, up to a determined degree of wall curving, they remain adherent on both frontal sides; the latter are, however, less suitable for straight walls.
The vertical joints, according to preferred embodiments of the present invention, are shown in the enclosed figures in the following variants:
- with coupled tappings 7-7 and 8-8 of easy shaping, as shown in figure 1;
- with odd tappings 7-8 and 7'-8', as shown in figure 8, for the quick assemblying of the modules, as the frontons are equal and polyvalent;
- with bent frontons 29-30, 31-31 as shown in figures 11-12, for modules used for walls with prevalence of curves and that are fitting for cont~i n; ng the cement casting on both sides of a wall curve without preventive plugging of the gaps on the external side of said curve.
Also the horizontal joints shows are of three kinds:
- with plane tapping 24-24'-24" for only straight walls and, for what concerns the polyvalent module, with only orthogonal angles;
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 - with prismatic tapping 10-10'-10" for straight and curved walls, and for what concerns the polyvalent module, with ortogonal as well as with different angles (fig. l);
- with circular tapping 23-23'-23", as shown in figure 11, for walls with high presence of curves and angles of any degree; however, such modules are also suitable for a correct straight and orthogonal placing.
Each of said vertical joints may be combined with each of said horizontal joints, in any module suggested by the present invention; therefore it shall be underlined that all kinds of joints on the modules shown in the figures described hereinbelow are approximate and not linked to the specific element.
As it is shown in figure 4, the present invention may also provide that two kinds of horizontal rostrum joints are placed onto the same polyvalent module.
According to the present invention, a sheathing joint means the function of keeping the cement during casting, preventing the discharge or the outflow thereof into the hollow spaces-holes, and -a1so that to each tapping corresponds an opposite groove which - for what concerns the horizontal grooves - preferably has a straigh development as shown in figure 3 for each kind of horizontal ~ tapping provlded but, for appropriate cases, the present invention also provides print groovings, i.e. carrying in negative the shape more or less corresponding to the opposite tappings and, in the case of a polyvalent. module, the print of both rostra separately.
Relating to the details of the enclosed figure 1, the system according to the present invention comprises:
- a module with horizontal channels 1-1' and vertical holes and channels, respectively 2-2', that may house a cement casting forming, in use, a network of smaIl pillars 13 and rafters 14-14', which may be possibly reinforced with cementable hollows for obtaining small casting blocks 15 between hollow frontons 17 and horizontal planes and bearings 16. arranged between the joints;
- a plurality of hollow space holes 3, communicating through channels 4, for improving the thermic insulation and for housing the placing of the service tubings like water, AMENDED SHEET
IP~ P --W O 97/16610 PCT~T9S~C2~n current, gas etc., and also for serving as a structural force reserve and for being used for a further reinforced cementation;
a plurality of lateral grooves 5-6, 5'-6', that may be used for the external sealing cementation of the hollow spaces, which is an operation independent from the casting, that may also take place automatically with the plaster, and which has the purpose of guaranteeing a safe and widespread support to the peripherical small walls of the modules and of appropriately insulating the hollow spaces for improving the nonconductivity and the hydro-hygrometric seal thereof, especially when there is no plaster as in the case of a face-sight wall;
a horizontal joint with prismatic tapping 10 for straight and curved walls, consisting of;
- a couple of longitudinal tappings flanking channel 1 from fronton to fronton, each having a projection A and a recess B on one or on both sides, - a grooving 11, scarcely visible in the drawing, complementar to the tappings, inside which, during use, the projections A get into contact for a quick and correct superimposition of the modules, assuming the function, in the curves, of a hinge pin, while W O 97/16610 13 PCT~T95/00200 the recesses B supply the necessary compressible spaces;
- a frontal-vertical joint with coupled tappings 7-7 and corresponding grooves 8-8;
- further possible grooves 4', also along the lower side of the module, shown in dotted lines;
- a central abutment 12 on each side, of such a thickness as to keep the flow of the casting that gets into the frontal recesses of the superimposed modules;
- frontal recesses 9-9'.
In the front section view of the installation of a plurality of modules, shown in figure 2, the following elements are pointed out:
- the shape of the small rafter 14 with the cement expansion to the joints, wherein said bearings 16 arranged between the joints help to the carrying capacity of a considerable portion of the module, putting its central small walls into a solid contact;
- the external groovings 5-6 that may be sealed;
- the connection channels 4 between the hollow spaces;
- the anatomic edging 18 around the female joint 11, that allows to keep the volumes of the small central walls of the modules in balance, without having the need of increasin~ them on all the line;
- the possible expansion of groovings 5-6, in dotted lines 5'-6'.
Figure 3 shows a module, according to the preceding figu-res, seen from the side comprising the joint-~rooving 11 perpendicular to said horizontal tappings, shown in a preferred em~odiment and fitting ~or all kinds of horizontal tappings.
Figure 4 shows a polyvalent module,complementary -to the one shown in figure 1, and that may replace a plurality of accessory modules as it is provided with coupling means with the frontons - one of which is closed - as well as with the lateral walls, and with an arrangement of the hollow spaces-holes 3-19, so as to allow a precise continuity between channel 1-1' of the possibly coupled modules, and the channel of the belonging module, and all that without ma~ing the flow of the casting passing into the hollow sp~ces holes 3, near to those having the function of connection bridge 19.
~ ~ ~ ~ P t ~--~
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 According to the present invention, if the channels are to be reinforced, and as it is convenient to eliminate the wall screen placed between a comp.lete cement connection between the mentioned channels, and if the modules are not of a material sufficiently friable as to remove, with a few hammer blows, the obstructing part, the presence of appropriate engravings 20, which will facilitate the removing of the small screen-walls 21-21', with the lowest possible weakening of said module.
A further additional peculiarity of the module according to the present invention is that the head fronton (i.e. the close one) may be transformed and that thus some parts thereof may be removed therefrom, so as to obtain a fronton shaped for a fine wall with a right- or left-hand abutment or also with a central projection according to the prefered sense chosen during installation, and for this purpose provided with internal and/or external breaking lines 26 and with a fitting position of the holes.
According to the figures, the following details are shown:
. CA 02236106 1998-04-28 W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 - breaking lines 26 concerning the possible removal of one or more parts of the heading;
- the couplings for the many directions, each consisting of a couple of vertical female joints 8-8, - the ordinary hollow spaces - holes 3, - the hollow spaces - holes 19 that may be provided with channels, - the horizontal channels 4 arranged between the hollow spaces, in parts only provided with small walls 22 between thé channels when they are concerned by the cement casting or by the placing or pipings or reinforcements, - a horizontal tapping which, for allowing the transversal and angular superimposition of the modules, consists of two separate tappings, called rostra, respectively arranged near and around, on three sides, the holes 2 that may be cemented near the crossing points of the channels in correspondence with the lateral connection poles, so as to find, in use, the correct arangement in the corresponding joint-groovings, in longitudinal as well as in transversal sense, if they are composed according to a plane and orthogonal shape 24'-24", and also in further positions if in one module at least one rostrum has a prismatic W O 97/16610 PCT~T9Ji'~7~C
shape 10~-10" or a circular shape 23'-23", whereby in this latter case the rostrum and therefore the whole module may be placed in various or unlimited angle gradations;
- a joint-groovings 11', scarcely visible in the drawing, preferably consisting of longitudinal plane groovings as shown in figure 3, with the difference that, as they run along the closed side of the channel 1, said groovings appear, in that piece, to be connected;
- central abutments 12;
- a plurality of cuts 20;
- diaphragm-walls: external wall 21 and internal wall 21";
- channels and reticular holes 1-1~, 2-2' that may be cemented;
- frontal planes 9-91.
Figure 5 shows a plant view of a variant of the polyvalent module of figure 4, characterized in a central slit 25 and in breaking lines 26, so that in can be separated in halves, provided also for the other kinds of modules and also for the not polyvalent ones, and for exemplifying reasons in a heading fronton with only two removable parts, clearly shown by the dotted lines and respectively shown with A-A and B-B.
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 In said figure the further elements are also pointed out:
- the edging 18 of the female joint-grooving 11';
- the continuous lateral grooves 5, also on the edge of the closed fronton;
- the arrangement of the hollow spaces - holes that may be.turned into channels, near to and corresponding to the vertical holes 2 that may be cemented, inside channels 1-1';
- the small diaphragm-walls 21-21', provided with engravings 20, and that may be eliminated by a hamer blow or similar if the need of a complete channel continuity with united transverse modules rises.
In the described variant all the further vertical connection surfaces of the module are shown, with all female joint elements for allowing however and any stonework coupling situation; furthermore, the external groovings 5 are shown that can be sealed, with their deep carving in the external small walls of the module. Finally, the shape of the edging 18 around the female joint-groov.ing 11' is shown, whereby said edging follows the shape of said joint as, in the present embodiment, the tapping 24'-24" is plane and orthogonal.
..
: .
With the multiple use of the described modules and with the addition of the one shown in figure 14, the kind of wall shown in figure 6 is obtained, and provided with hollow spaces 3-19, 4-4' for the installation of the services S pipes and wires, and for containing iron F and cement casting X, like the apecial channels 1-1', 2-2', thus serving as a structural recei~er and allowing an automatic expansion of the use possibilities of the mod~les, increasing their functionality, as it is shown by the lintel in the figure.
Figure7 shows a square section of the stonework, pointing out the cement casting i~ the conventional channel~ 1-1', 2 -2 ', ~ith the 't resulting network of small pillars 13 and rafters 14, linked with the ~odules and with a substantial volume balance between the crosse~ seams composinq them, forming a homogeneous and constant cement sheathing, winding the possible reinforcement irons in each part of their way. Furthermore, in said figure the bearings 16 between the joints and the frontal projections 15 are shown.
As the system according to the present invention provides modules with a plurality of flanked holes and channels that may be cemented, also the realization of works putting together a plurality ~A~'~-.. -; ~:,~P. r W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 of networks that are parallel and possi~ly connected by transverse channel pieces.
Figure 8 shows a module according to the present invention, provided only with grooves and holes for cementation by casting, but in a more articulated arrangement of empty spaces that may be cemented and modular masses, with the purpose of balancing the solidity of the volumes of the parts and to homogenize them with reciprocal windings and permeations.
The module shown in the figure has side masses and central parts solidly completed, and with compared holes and vertical channels 2-2' and horizontal channels 1-1'; said vertical channels 2' are linked with the front grooves 9-9', and said channels 1-1' are longitudinal lateral expansions in said horizontal grooves 17-17', further expanded in the grooves 16 between the joints, forming - after the cement casting - said bearings. Furthermore, said grooves 9-9', 17-17' form the way for hooking means 27 consisting of grooves or projections that link up the cement casting with the lateral parts of the modules.
All described parts together form, in use, a wall with a possibly reinforced and winding network, consisting of:
- modules according to the present invention, - small pillars 13 supported, in their front parts, by small projections 15, - composed small rafters 14' expanded in the longitudinal lateral grooves 17-17' and further expanded by said ~earings 16.
An additional detail in the present embodiment consists of a vertical sheathing-~oint wi~h ~lternate tappings 7-8, 7'-8', that makes the frontons polyvalent in use, a~d that is provided and may be applied also in and to the already described modules with hollow spaces.
In a continuous circuit with the vertical sheathing-joints, horizontal tappings with prismatic shape 10 are horizontally provided, on the edges of which, in dotted lines, the joint-grooving 11, underlying and partially ~isible, is projected; oblique dotted lines show the curving gradation of the module that can be superimposed, allowed by the present kind of prismatic joint.
~ .E,~ T
c P
W O 97/16610 PCT~T9S/00200 The module according to figure 9 is the polyvalent one of figure 8, of which it is complementar for what concerns angles, crossings, wall-end etc.;
therefore, it follows the features of the first one, from the vertical joints, that are repeated in alternate sense 7-8 on each coupling pole for transverse or continuous modules of which it is provided on purpose, and comprises furthermore:
- separated tappings 10'-10~, - a corresponding joint-grooving 11', the shapes of which are shown in projection and in dotted lines, - removable projections 28 for the provided channel openings, facilitated ~y fitting engravings 20, and for exemplifying purposes not provided with the tapping 10', - horizontal channels 1-1', closed by one of the frontons, - holes and vertical channel 2-2', - horizontal groovings 17-17', - horizontal and vertical hooking means 27-27', - a vertical groove 9.
Figure 10 shows two superimposed modules, whereby the shape of the composed rafter 14', expanded in the longitudinal grooves 17-17' and that further W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 23 expands laterally with the cement bearings 16, is pointed out.
Figure 10 also shows in a scheme two special complèmentar modules of which the dotted line shows the respective shapes r exclusive of the parts wedged in between lines C-C and D-D; of the two modules, the upper one will be the last one in a wall with a floor for englobing its kerb, while the lower one will be on the first line suspended onto an opening, for forming a lintel with standstill slope.
The full module for walls with high gradation curves, as shown in figure 11, has horizontal joints with circular expression 23 with straight pieces 33-33', having the function of a sheathing completing the circuit, insulated by cuts 20 and arranged so that they can be removed in those parts of the walls with the highest curving with the vertical tapping formed with arcs 29-30 projecting and re-entrant for a curve placing on the wall without a previous plugging on the wide side of the curve.
The bent parts 29-30 show linings that may not necessarily joint one with the other and that have W O 97/16610 PCTnT9~/00200 2~
the function of a sheathing and which moreover are not needed if the material is rough and porous.
Figure 12 shows the polyvalent of the preceding example, which also shows a solution with a module mixed with a polyvalent and a normal one, as it is provided with a limited number of side connections and of channel outlet points 28; the side connections shown in the figure have a ~uadruple grooving 31-31 so as to house the frontons with projecting arcs 29 as well as those with re-entered arcs 30. The rostra with circular expression 23'-23", that make up the horizontal tapping, form circular reliefs without impediments and therefore able to allow the superimposition of the modules in any gradation.
The dotted lines show the edges of the female joint 11', the internal part of which is covered by said cement bearings 16.
The variant of the combined module, with one side provided with hollow spaces and the other one full - shown in figue 13 - seems to be fitting for residential constructions in areas with saltness and cold, and the full side will be used turned outwards.
-The corresponding polyvalent module obviously consists of a coupling of two sides of a polyvalent module, one with hollow spaces and one ~ull .
. ~ .
The variant of mixed module accor~ing to figure 14 has the robustness of a full module and the moderate presence of holes not explicitly meant for cementation, i.e. the horizontal channels 4 and the vertical ones 3-32 meant for the placing of the pipes and service wires or also for ~cm2n~ation.
This latter is an element mainly advisable for habitable constructions, realized with materials that are on their own insulating and which .. . .
therefore do not need to be completely perforated;
in the shown example, the tappings 24 are plane.
For what concerns the nonconduc~ivity, the compositive solution is provided for all modules of using special insulating materials used instead of said holes and/or hollow spaces - channels.
Furthermore, in figure 13 the following details are shown:
.....
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 - horizontal channels 1-1' with lateral expansions 17-17, provided also for modules with hollow spaces;
- vertical groovings 32 on the sides of the frontons meant to become, in use, further hollow spaces-holes 3.
The corresponding polyvalent module is equal to the polyvalent module shown in figures 4 and 5, with the evident above described differences.
The realization of half-modules is also provided, as well as the one of specific angular elements, like left angle - right angle, as well as the one of modules with one single side mass or perforated side, or with the sole essential walls, to the sides of the channels and holes that may be cemented 1-1', 2-2'.
q CON~ ~llONS"
The present inventlon concerns an improved system with modular elements for brickwork constructions of greatest solidity and constructive convenience, together with the necessary thermic and hydro-h~y-~ ~Lric nonconductivity.
According to the features of a former patent application filed by the same applicant and granted in Italy under patent no. 12~8259, a system with modular elements for constructions is known having:
- a plurality of horizontal and vertical canalizations for forming, in use, a network of small pillars and rafters (homogeneous with the modules), inside the stonework, whereby said small pillars and rafters may be possibly reinforced with iron bars and therefore may replace the conventional reinforced concrete grillage;
- a circuit of perimetric or semi-perimetric fixed joint - sheathing, with a rigidly orthogonal course, for allowing a quick and linear dry assemblying of the modules in the wall and such W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 as to prevent later successive discharges of concrete in the leakage phase;
- an appropriate groove, for leading the leaking concrete into a large extension between the surfaces of the modules in contact, for realizing the greatest homogenization between said modular elements and between the latter and above mentioned network of small pillars and rafters;
- a special module, corresponding to a module without hollow spaces, that is to be used for all needs of angulation and stonework connection, forming, alone, the replacement of many modules for special use (right angle and left angle, end of the wall, half module, crossing etc.).
It is the aim of the present invention to improve the functionality of the system claimed in the former patent, and in particular:
- to expand the use of the system;
- to complete the system with original parts and solutions;
- to improve all operative and functional features.
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 The aim set forth is reached by means of the improved system according to the present invention, comprising:
- joint modules with flexible or ultra-flexible joint, alternative or complementary to a system characterized in a rigid orthogonality, so as to allow also the construction of stoneworks with curves and/or with acute or plane angles;
- modules provided with horizon~al and vertical canalizations forming, in use, a concrete network of small pillars and rafters, that can be possibly reinforced, homogeneous with the modules, laterally expanded until between the joints, such as to assure a more coherent and expanded resting base between superimposed modules;
- a polifunctional modular element provided with holes like hollow spaces, with a rational disposition of the volumes and of spaces belonging to said hollow spaces, particularly provided with an edging of the horizontal female joint, obt~ine~ by a throttling of said holes;
- a plurality of canalizations, horizontal to the vertical holes, obtained due to the structural flexibility and the thermic nonconductivity, so as to make a combination right for the arrangement of the infrastructure services of W O 97/16610 PCT~T9~100200 the building, and to allow a complete circuit of empty spaces in the whole structure that can be possibly filled up with insulating materials with the function of structural reserve if parts of the walls are to be reinforced, as it may be reinforced in vertical and horizontal sense, by means of .pouring through the provided canalizations, thus obtaining also the lintels directly with the modules;
a p~urality of deep grooves, arranged on the edges of the hollow spaces modules, so as to prepare them for a manual, external cementation, for:
- hermetically sealing the hollow spaces for the hydro-hygrometric seal and for the thermic nonconductivity;
- providing the lateral parts of the modules in use with a cemented and safe support, as the partition of the hollow spaces prevents the peripherical expansion of the casting cement;
a polyvalent modular element, complementar with the normal modules, provided with a plurality of connection poles, and that may replace many kinds of special modules with directional peculiarity, characterized in horizontal tappings, separated in a plurality of projecting rostra, alternate to the combination of W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/OOZOO
structural notchings on the modules, which are otherwise necessary for housing the joint-tappings of the transversally superimposed modules and that therefore may also be provided with a flexible position joint;
- a polyvalent modular element with a hollow space that has been functionally and on purpose conceived with a circuit having vertical holes, possibly connected and/or that may be connected with fiting horizontal grooves, arranged in such a position that some of these may be one by one provided with canalization and may continuously cemented nearby a possible transversal stonework coupling, whereby the flow of the cement casting doesn't pass into the adjacent holes;
- a polyvalent modular element further provided with shapes and means for its transformation, for obtaining during installation fitting stonework shapes and abutments;
- special complementar modules for the highest constructive efficiency, in particular for a practical arrangement of the floor and for a lintel with standstill slope.
The present invention will be described more in detail hereinbelow, relating to the drawings in which some embodiments are shown.
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/002 Figure 1 shows an axonometric view of a module according to the improved system f o r constructions.
Figure 2 shows a front section of a plurality of modules according to figure 1.
Figure 3 shows a module, pointing out the part having the horizontal female joint.
Figures 4 and 5 show an axonometric and a plant view of a polyvalent module.
Figures 6 and 7 show two examples of construction according to the present system.
Figures 8 and 9 show axonometric views of a full module and of its corresponding polyvalent with prismatic tapping joints.
Figure 10 shows a front scheme of the installation of full modules with prismatic sheathing joint, and in dotte lines special, complementar elements.
Figures 11 and 12 show a variant of a full module and his corresponding polyvalent, with horizontal W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 joints with circular expression the one, and with vertical joints with bent frontons.
Figure 13 shows a variant of a module combined with one side provided with hollow spaces and one side full.
Figure 14 shows a mix module, having a moderate presence of holes.
The enclosed figures show an improved system with modular elements for constructions, comprising modules provided with hollow spaces, as shown in figure 1, and fitting for residential building, as well as full modules, as shown in figure 8, with high compactness of shapes and symbiosis with the network, suitable for boundary walls, constructions with high carrying capacity etc., and combined modules with a full and a holed side, as shown in figure 13, for particular needs of nonconductivity and at the same time robustness.
All described modules according to the present system may be realized out of any material, comprising material with an extremely low resistance to compression and to various strains, as the cement framework, incorporated in the wall W O 97/16610 PCTnT95/00200 and possibly vertically and horizontally reinforced, is suitable alone to the carrying capacity of the work.
A further feature of the system according to the present invention consists of the joints, different according to the needs of the different kinds of walls or parts of walls to realize -straight and orthogonal, straight with curved parts, very curved, etc. -: horizontal joints with plane and orthogonal sections for constructions with a prevaling linear development and with right angles; with prismatic or circular sections for the curved parts, and combinations thereof according to the needs.
Further joints of the vertical kind, like those with a coupled tapping, have a greater aesthetic valence, possibly on the visible walls of the polyvalent modules and on the face-sight walls, while the modules with alternate tapping are mainly used for a quick installation; both kinds may be used for mainly straight walls, while in the curve parts they need a plugging (with mortar or other) before the casting, for closing the gaps resulting in the external arch of the walls.
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 Instead, the elements with vertical bent joints do not need plugging as, up to a determined degree of wall curving, they remain adherent on both frontal sides; the latter are, however, less suitable for straight walls.
The vertical joints, according to preferred embodiments of the present invention, are shown in the enclosed figures in the following variants:
- with coupled tappings 7-7 and 8-8 of easy shaping, as shown in figure 1;
- with odd tappings 7-8 and 7'-8', as shown in figure 8, for the quick assemblying of the modules, as the frontons are equal and polyvalent;
- with bent frontons 29-30, 31-31 as shown in figures 11-12, for modules used for walls with prevalence of curves and that are fitting for cont~i n; ng the cement casting on both sides of a wall curve without preventive plugging of the gaps on the external side of said curve.
Also the horizontal joints shows are of three kinds:
- with plane tapping 24-24'-24" for only straight walls and, for what concerns the polyvalent module, with only orthogonal angles;
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 - with prismatic tapping 10-10'-10" for straight and curved walls, and for what concerns the polyvalent module, with ortogonal as well as with different angles (fig. l);
- with circular tapping 23-23'-23", as shown in figure 11, for walls with high presence of curves and angles of any degree; however, such modules are also suitable for a correct straight and orthogonal placing.
Each of said vertical joints may be combined with each of said horizontal joints, in any module suggested by the present invention; therefore it shall be underlined that all kinds of joints on the modules shown in the figures described hereinbelow are approximate and not linked to the specific element.
As it is shown in figure 4, the present invention may also provide that two kinds of horizontal rostrum joints are placed onto the same polyvalent module.
According to the present invention, a sheathing joint means the function of keeping the cement during casting, preventing the discharge or the outflow thereof into the hollow spaces-holes, and -a1so that to each tapping corresponds an opposite groove which - for what concerns the horizontal grooves - preferably has a straigh development as shown in figure 3 for each kind of horizontal ~ tapping provlded but, for appropriate cases, the present invention also provides print groovings, i.e. carrying in negative the shape more or less corresponding to the opposite tappings and, in the case of a polyvalent. module, the print of both rostra separately.
Relating to the details of the enclosed figure 1, the system according to the present invention comprises:
- a module with horizontal channels 1-1' and vertical holes and channels, respectively 2-2', that may house a cement casting forming, in use, a network of smaIl pillars 13 and rafters 14-14', which may be possibly reinforced with cementable hollows for obtaining small casting blocks 15 between hollow frontons 17 and horizontal planes and bearings 16. arranged between the joints;
- a plurality of hollow space holes 3, communicating through channels 4, for improving the thermic insulation and for housing the placing of the service tubings like water, AMENDED SHEET
IP~ P --W O 97/16610 PCT~T9S~C2~n current, gas etc., and also for serving as a structural force reserve and for being used for a further reinforced cementation;
a plurality of lateral grooves 5-6, 5'-6', that may be used for the external sealing cementation of the hollow spaces, which is an operation independent from the casting, that may also take place automatically with the plaster, and which has the purpose of guaranteeing a safe and widespread support to the peripherical small walls of the modules and of appropriately insulating the hollow spaces for improving the nonconductivity and the hydro-hygrometric seal thereof, especially when there is no plaster as in the case of a face-sight wall;
a horizontal joint with prismatic tapping 10 for straight and curved walls, consisting of;
- a couple of longitudinal tappings flanking channel 1 from fronton to fronton, each having a projection A and a recess B on one or on both sides, - a grooving 11, scarcely visible in the drawing, complementar to the tappings, inside which, during use, the projections A get into contact for a quick and correct superimposition of the modules, assuming the function, in the curves, of a hinge pin, while W O 97/16610 13 PCT~T95/00200 the recesses B supply the necessary compressible spaces;
- a frontal-vertical joint with coupled tappings 7-7 and corresponding grooves 8-8;
- further possible grooves 4', also along the lower side of the module, shown in dotted lines;
- a central abutment 12 on each side, of such a thickness as to keep the flow of the casting that gets into the frontal recesses of the superimposed modules;
- frontal recesses 9-9'.
In the front section view of the installation of a plurality of modules, shown in figure 2, the following elements are pointed out:
- the shape of the small rafter 14 with the cement expansion to the joints, wherein said bearings 16 arranged between the joints help to the carrying capacity of a considerable portion of the module, putting its central small walls into a solid contact;
- the external groovings 5-6 that may be sealed;
- the connection channels 4 between the hollow spaces;
- the anatomic edging 18 around the female joint 11, that allows to keep the volumes of the small central walls of the modules in balance, without having the need of increasin~ them on all the line;
- the possible expansion of groovings 5-6, in dotted lines 5'-6'.
Figure 3 shows a module, according to the preceding figu-res, seen from the side comprising the joint-~rooving 11 perpendicular to said horizontal tappings, shown in a preferred em~odiment and fitting ~or all kinds of horizontal tappings.
Figure 4 shows a polyvalent module,complementary -to the one shown in figure 1, and that may replace a plurality of accessory modules as it is provided with coupling means with the frontons - one of which is closed - as well as with the lateral walls, and with an arrangement of the hollow spaces-holes 3-19, so as to allow a precise continuity between channel 1-1' of the possibly coupled modules, and the channel of the belonging module, and all that without ma~ing the flow of the casting passing into the hollow sp~ces holes 3, near to those having the function of connection bridge 19.
~ ~ ~ ~ P t ~--~
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 According to the present invention, if the channels are to be reinforced, and as it is convenient to eliminate the wall screen placed between a comp.lete cement connection between the mentioned channels, and if the modules are not of a material sufficiently friable as to remove, with a few hammer blows, the obstructing part, the presence of appropriate engravings 20, which will facilitate the removing of the small screen-walls 21-21', with the lowest possible weakening of said module.
A further additional peculiarity of the module according to the present invention is that the head fronton (i.e. the close one) may be transformed and that thus some parts thereof may be removed therefrom, so as to obtain a fronton shaped for a fine wall with a right- or left-hand abutment or also with a central projection according to the prefered sense chosen during installation, and for this purpose provided with internal and/or external breaking lines 26 and with a fitting position of the holes.
According to the figures, the following details are shown:
. CA 02236106 1998-04-28 W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 - breaking lines 26 concerning the possible removal of one or more parts of the heading;
- the couplings for the many directions, each consisting of a couple of vertical female joints 8-8, - the ordinary hollow spaces - holes 3, - the hollow spaces - holes 19 that may be provided with channels, - the horizontal channels 4 arranged between the hollow spaces, in parts only provided with small walls 22 between thé channels when they are concerned by the cement casting or by the placing or pipings or reinforcements, - a horizontal tapping which, for allowing the transversal and angular superimposition of the modules, consists of two separate tappings, called rostra, respectively arranged near and around, on three sides, the holes 2 that may be cemented near the crossing points of the channels in correspondence with the lateral connection poles, so as to find, in use, the correct arangement in the corresponding joint-groovings, in longitudinal as well as in transversal sense, if they are composed according to a plane and orthogonal shape 24'-24", and also in further positions if in one module at least one rostrum has a prismatic W O 97/16610 PCT~T9Ji'~7~C
shape 10~-10" or a circular shape 23'-23", whereby in this latter case the rostrum and therefore the whole module may be placed in various or unlimited angle gradations;
- a joint-groovings 11', scarcely visible in the drawing, preferably consisting of longitudinal plane groovings as shown in figure 3, with the difference that, as they run along the closed side of the channel 1, said groovings appear, in that piece, to be connected;
- central abutments 12;
- a plurality of cuts 20;
- diaphragm-walls: external wall 21 and internal wall 21";
- channels and reticular holes 1-1~, 2-2' that may be cemented;
- frontal planes 9-91.
Figure 5 shows a plant view of a variant of the polyvalent module of figure 4, characterized in a central slit 25 and in breaking lines 26, so that in can be separated in halves, provided also for the other kinds of modules and also for the not polyvalent ones, and for exemplifying reasons in a heading fronton with only two removable parts, clearly shown by the dotted lines and respectively shown with A-A and B-B.
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 In said figure the further elements are also pointed out:
- the edging 18 of the female joint-grooving 11';
- the continuous lateral grooves 5, also on the edge of the closed fronton;
- the arrangement of the hollow spaces - holes that may be.turned into channels, near to and corresponding to the vertical holes 2 that may be cemented, inside channels 1-1';
- the small diaphragm-walls 21-21', provided with engravings 20, and that may be eliminated by a hamer blow or similar if the need of a complete channel continuity with united transverse modules rises.
In the described variant all the further vertical connection surfaces of the module are shown, with all female joint elements for allowing however and any stonework coupling situation; furthermore, the external groovings 5 are shown that can be sealed, with their deep carving in the external small walls of the module. Finally, the shape of the edging 18 around the female joint-groov.ing 11' is shown, whereby said edging follows the shape of said joint as, in the present embodiment, the tapping 24'-24" is plane and orthogonal.
..
: .
With the multiple use of the described modules and with the addition of the one shown in figure 14, the kind of wall shown in figure 6 is obtained, and provided with hollow spaces 3-19, 4-4' for the installation of the services S pipes and wires, and for containing iron F and cement casting X, like the apecial channels 1-1', 2-2', thus serving as a structural recei~er and allowing an automatic expansion of the use possibilities of the mod~les, increasing their functionality, as it is shown by the lintel in the figure.
Figure7 shows a square section of the stonework, pointing out the cement casting i~ the conventional channel~ 1-1', 2 -2 ', ~ith the 't resulting network of small pillars 13 and rafters 14, linked with the ~odules and with a substantial volume balance between the crosse~ seams composinq them, forming a homogeneous and constant cement sheathing, winding the possible reinforcement irons in each part of their way. Furthermore, in said figure the bearings 16 between the joints and the frontal projections 15 are shown.
As the system according to the present invention provides modules with a plurality of flanked holes and channels that may be cemented, also the realization of works putting together a plurality ~A~'~-.. -; ~:,~P. r W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 of networks that are parallel and possi~ly connected by transverse channel pieces.
Figure 8 shows a module according to the present invention, provided only with grooves and holes for cementation by casting, but in a more articulated arrangement of empty spaces that may be cemented and modular masses, with the purpose of balancing the solidity of the volumes of the parts and to homogenize them with reciprocal windings and permeations.
The module shown in the figure has side masses and central parts solidly completed, and with compared holes and vertical channels 2-2' and horizontal channels 1-1'; said vertical channels 2' are linked with the front grooves 9-9', and said channels 1-1' are longitudinal lateral expansions in said horizontal grooves 17-17', further expanded in the grooves 16 between the joints, forming - after the cement casting - said bearings. Furthermore, said grooves 9-9', 17-17' form the way for hooking means 27 consisting of grooves or projections that link up the cement casting with the lateral parts of the modules.
All described parts together form, in use, a wall with a possibly reinforced and winding network, consisting of:
- modules according to the present invention, - small pillars 13 supported, in their front parts, by small projections 15, - composed small rafters 14' expanded in the longitudinal lateral grooves 17-17' and further expanded by said ~earings 16.
An additional detail in the present embodiment consists of a vertical sheathing-~oint wi~h ~lternate tappings 7-8, 7'-8', that makes the frontons polyvalent in use, a~d that is provided and may be applied also in and to the already described modules with hollow spaces.
In a continuous circuit with the vertical sheathing-joints, horizontal tappings with prismatic shape 10 are horizontally provided, on the edges of which, in dotted lines, the joint-grooving 11, underlying and partially ~isible, is projected; oblique dotted lines show the curving gradation of the module that can be superimposed, allowed by the present kind of prismatic joint.
~ .E,~ T
c P
W O 97/16610 PCT~T9S/00200 The module according to figure 9 is the polyvalent one of figure 8, of which it is complementar for what concerns angles, crossings, wall-end etc.;
therefore, it follows the features of the first one, from the vertical joints, that are repeated in alternate sense 7-8 on each coupling pole for transverse or continuous modules of which it is provided on purpose, and comprises furthermore:
- separated tappings 10'-10~, - a corresponding joint-grooving 11', the shapes of which are shown in projection and in dotted lines, - removable projections 28 for the provided channel openings, facilitated ~y fitting engravings 20, and for exemplifying purposes not provided with the tapping 10', - horizontal channels 1-1', closed by one of the frontons, - holes and vertical channel 2-2', - horizontal groovings 17-17', - horizontal and vertical hooking means 27-27', - a vertical groove 9.
Figure 10 shows two superimposed modules, whereby the shape of the composed rafter 14', expanded in the longitudinal grooves 17-17' and that further W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 23 expands laterally with the cement bearings 16, is pointed out.
Figure 10 also shows in a scheme two special complèmentar modules of which the dotted line shows the respective shapes r exclusive of the parts wedged in between lines C-C and D-D; of the two modules, the upper one will be the last one in a wall with a floor for englobing its kerb, while the lower one will be on the first line suspended onto an opening, for forming a lintel with standstill slope.
The full module for walls with high gradation curves, as shown in figure 11, has horizontal joints with circular expression 23 with straight pieces 33-33', having the function of a sheathing completing the circuit, insulated by cuts 20 and arranged so that they can be removed in those parts of the walls with the highest curving with the vertical tapping formed with arcs 29-30 projecting and re-entrant for a curve placing on the wall without a previous plugging on the wide side of the curve.
The bent parts 29-30 show linings that may not necessarily joint one with the other and that have W O 97/16610 PCTnT9~/00200 2~
the function of a sheathing and which moreover are not needed if the material is rough and porous.
Figure 12 shows the polyvalent of the preceding example, which also shows a solution with a module mixed with a polyvalent and a normal one, as it is provided with a limited number of side connections and of channel outlet points 28; the side connections shown in the figure have a ~uadruple grooving 31-31 so as to house the frontons with projecting arcs 29 as well as those with re-entered arcs 30. The rostra with circular expression 23'-23", that make up the horizontal tapping, form circular reliefs without impediments and therefore able to allow the superimposition of the modules in any gradation.
The dotted lines show the edges of the female joint 11', the internal part of which is covered by said cement bearings 16.
The variant of the combined module, with one side provided with hollow spaces and the other one full - shown in figue 13 - seems to be fitting for residential constructions in areas with saltness and cold, and the full side will be used turned outwards.
-The corresponding polyvalent module obviously consists of a coupling of two sides of a polyvalent module, one with hollow spaces and one ~ull .
. ~ .
The variant of mixed module accor~ing to figure 14 has the robustness of a full module and the moderate presence of holes not explicitly meant for cementation, i.e. the horizontal channels 4 and the vertical ones 3-32 meant for the placing of the pipes and service wires or also for ~cm2n~ation.
This latter is an element mainly advisable for habitable constructions, realized with materials that are on their own insulating and which .. . .
therefore do not need to be completely perforated;
in the shown example, the tappings 24 are plane.
For what concerns the nonconduc~ivity, the compositive solution is provided for all modules of using special insulating materials used instead of said holes and/or hollow spaces - channels.
Furthermore, in figure 13 the following details are shown:
.....
W O 97/16610 PCT~T95/00200 - horizontal channels 1-1' with lateral expansions 17-17, provided also for modules with hollow spaces;
- vertical groovings 32 on the sides of the frontons meant to become, in use, further hollow spaces-holes 3.
The corresponding polyvalent module is equal to the polyvalent module shown in figures 4 and 5, with the evident above described differences.
The realization of half-modules is also provided, as well as the one of specific angular elements, like left angle - right angle, as well as the one of modules with one single side mass or perforated side, or with the sole essential walls, to the sides of the channels and holes that may be cemented 1-1', 2-2'.
Claims (25)
1. An improved modular building system, comprising generally rectangular structural modular elements provided at the bases and the side vertical smaller faces with groove-and-tongue joints which can be easily assembled for the construction of straight-line masonry the bases of said structural modular elements including a central longitudinal groove (1, 1') as well as central holes (2) orthogonal to the bases so as to form a channel with the adjoining structural modular elements to be cemented after planting, characterized in that said groove-and-tongue joints, provided at the side vertical smaller faces, comprise projections (7) and grooves (8) suitable to form a sealing vertical coupling intended to avoid the transversal movement; said groove-and-tongue joints provided on the basis being suitable to allow a positioning of the modular elements in order to construct also a curved, broken-line masonry.
2 The improved modular building system of claim 1, characterized in that said central holes (2) parallel to the side surfaces of the structural modular elements are placed so as to fit together with the holes (2) of the structural modular elements of the upper and lower rows, thus providing a channel assembly which is capable to form a structural, reinforced or not, cast grating formed of beams (14, 14') and posts (13).
3. The improved modular building system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each structural modular element is provided with two projecting, longitudinal, parallel tongues (24) extending on the upper base and two grooves (11) associated to said projecting tongues (24) and formed in the lower base so as to provide an upper and lower coupling of the groove-and-tongue type, said structural modular elements being also provided at one minor or front face with projections (7) perpendicular to the base and, at the opposite front face, with grooves (8) associated therewith so as to form a further coupling of the groove-and-tongue type, thus providing a horizontal and/or vertical fixed joints for each structural modular element; said projections (7) and grooves (8) further constituting a continuous sealing barrier for the mix.
4. The improved modular building system according to claim 3, characterized in that there are provided special, structural modular end or angle elements having one flat front face and provided at the side faces with grooves (8) orthogonal to the upper and lower bases and adapted to be coupled with said projections (7) of the front face of another structural modular element, said modular end or angle elements being also provided, instead of said projecting tongues (24), with wedge members (24', 24") placed on the upper bases so as to allow both longitudinal and transversal couplings.
5. The improved modular building system according to claim 3, characterized in that in order to build a curved masonry, said projecting tongues placed on the upper base have an outline (10) provided alternately with protrusions having vertices (A) allowing the male/female coupling in the straight masonry and recesses (B) allowing the gradual angled positioning of the grooves (11) associated to said projecting tongues.
6. The improved modular building system according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper bases of said structural modular elements are provided, instead of the longitudinal projecting tongues (10, 24), with wedge members (24', 24") having such a length and width as to be coupled with the grooves (11, 11') formed in the lower base of another structural modular element both for straight and curved masonry.
7. The improved modular building system according to claim 6, characterized in that said wedge members may have a square (24', 24"), polygonal (10', 10") or circular (23', 23") form in order to build either straight walls or right-, acute-, or obtuse-angle connected walls or curved walls.
8. The improved modular building system of claim 7, characterized in that the structural modular elements with circular wedge members (23', 23") have further straight, removable connecting members (33, 33') for holding the mix in central channel (1).
9. The improved modular building system according to claim 4, characterized in that the front faces of the structural modular elements, except for the modular end elements, have concave (30) and convex (29) surfaces, said surfaces being curved and associated with each other so as to facilitate the front coupling of the structural modular elements in any curved masonry and to provide an even surface.
10. The improved modular building system according to claim 3, characterized in that the side surfaces of the structural modular elements are provided with groove-and-tongue pairs instead of a tongue pair (7) or a groove pair (8).
11. The improved modular building system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that there are provided special structural modular elements for supporting a floor by incorporating the concrete girder of the latter and a weathered lintel.
12. The improved modular building system according to claim 6, characterized in that the outer portions of the wedge members and/or the longitudinal grooves and tongues are provided with further holes (3, 19) perpendicular to the bases which lighten the structural modular element and form further hollow spaces and/or concrete channels along with the adjoining structural modular elements, the lower end of holes (3, 19) adjacent to grooves (11, 11') formed in the lower base being slightly recessed for having enough thickness to ensure a suitable structural strength.
13. The improved modular building system according to claim 12, characterized in that said further hollow spaces may be used both for installing the building service systems and for further concrete and/or reinforced concrete posts.
14. The improved modular building system according to claim 12, characterized in that said groove-and-tongue couplings prevent the mix from outflowing and filling holes (3, 19) and the channels of the wall.
15. The improved modular building system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the structural modular elements are provided with removable tabs (21, 21') or blocks (28) in order to form lateral or transversal openings.
16. The improved modular building system according to claim 6, characterized in that in order to form further longitudinal openings, the structural modular elements are provided with further grooves (4, 4') parallel to and outside both the pair of longitudinal wedge members provided on the upper base and the pair of grooves (11, 11') provided in the lower base.
17. The improved modular building system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that in order to improve the weatherability the structural modular elements consist of two halves, one of which is solid, the other is hollow.
18. The improved modular building system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the structural modular elements are provided with transversal weakening portion (25) allowing them to be crosswise divided while keeping the same assembling features.
19. The improved modular building system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the structural modular elements are provided with at least a front face having a recess (9) perpendicular to the bases and capable to be bound to the structural concrete grating together with the recesses of the adjoining modular elements on the same row.
20. The improved modular building system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the longitudinal central channels (1, 1') of the structural modular elements are provided with horizontal extended portions (16, 17) protruding to the outside and mating with the superimposed structural modular elements.
21. The improved modular building system according to claim 4, characterized in that the structural modular end elements are provided with lightening holes and hollow spaces (3, 19) so as to give continuity both to the concrete channels (19) and the hollow spaces (3).
22. The improved modular building system according to claim 19, characterized in that the hollow structural modular elements are provided at the middle section with a vertical bracing (12) capable to shut the front recesses (3) at the upper and lower sides and to prevent the mix from outflowing and entering the hollow spaces (3).
23. The improved modular building system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the structural modular elements are provided with two or more pluralities of concrete channels and holes so as to build multiple concrete frame walls with side by side posts (13) and beams (14, 14') forming parallel gratings connected to one another by concrete cross channels.
24. The improved modular building system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front faces of the structural modular elements are provided with further recesses (2') perpendicular to the bases so as to form holes corresponding to the central holes (2) of the upper and lower adjoining structural modular elements together with the structural modular elements on the same row.
25. The improved modular building system according to claim 12, characterized in that the front faces of the structural modular elements are provided with further recesses (32) perpendicular to the bases so as to form holes corresponding to the hollow spaces (3) of the upper and lower adjoining structural modular elements together with the structural modular elements on the same row.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT95RM000718A IT1276584B1 (en) | 1995-10-31 | 1995-10-31 | PERFECT SYSTEM WITH MODULAR ELEMENTS FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS |
| ITRM95A000718 | 1995-10-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2236106A1 true CA2236106A1 (en) | 1997-05-09 |
Family
ID=11403636
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002236106A Abandoned CA2236106A1 (en) | 1995-10-31 | 1995-11-29 | An improved system with modular elements for constructions |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0858539A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU3993095A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9510660A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2236106A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1276584B1 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL327509A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997016610A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0001625D0 (en) * | 2000-01-26 | 2000-03-15 | Gray John | A building block suitable for the construction of dry-stacking high performance masonsy walls |
| ITRM20030387A1 (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-02-07 | Giovanni Palamara | MURARY SYSTEM WITH COMBINABLE MODULES. |
| ITBZ20090058A1 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-06-22 | Wemas S R L | CONSTRUCTION FORM FOR THE FORMATION OF WALLS. |
| CA2852645C (en) * | 2011-06-06 | 2017-07-18 | Christopher GENEST | Masonry block system |
| ITBZ20130028A1 (en) | 2013-05-27 | 2014-11-28 | Roman Terzer | CONSTRUCTION FORM FOR THE FORMATION OF WALLS. |
| CA3100488C (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-11-22 | Risi Stone Inc. | Segmental retaining wall block with integral vertical interlock system |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3534518A (en) * | 1968-09-27 | 1970-10-20 | Groutlock Corp | Interlocking building block construction |
| DE2221947A1 (en) * | 1972-05-02 | 1973-11-15 | Gerhard Boldt | MOLDING STONES FOR ASSEMBLY ELEMENTS |
| US4319440A (en) * | 1979-10-11 | 1982-03-16 | Rassias John N | Building blocks, wall structures made therefrom and methods of making the same |
| DE59302364D1 (en) * | 1992-06-19 | 1996-05-30 | Rene Scheiwiller | MAUERSTEIN KIT |
-
1995
- 1995-10-31 IT IT95RM000718A patent/IT1276584B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-11-29 AU AU39930/95A patent/AU3993095A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-11-29 CA CA002236106A patent/CA2236106A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-11-29 BR BR9510660A patent/BR9510660A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-11-29 PL PL95327509A patent/PL327509A1/en unknown
- 1995-11-29 WO PCT/IT1995/000200 patent/WO1997016610A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-11-29 EP EP95938593A patent/EP0858539A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0858539A1 (en) | 1998-08-19 |
| BR9510660A (en) | 1999-01-26 |
| AU3993095A (en) | 1997-05-22 |
| WO1997016610A1 (en) | 1997-05-09 |
| ITRM950718A0 (en) | 1995-10-31 |
| PL327509A1 (en) | 1998-12-21 |
| IT1276584B1 (en) | 1997-11-03 |
| ITRM950718A1 (en) | 1997-05-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |