OA12803A - Brickwork system with combinable modules. - Google Patents

Description

012803

The invention relates to a brickwork System withcombinable and/or adaptable modular éléments which aredry-laid and subsequently cemented by casting, in orderto implement brickwork constructions of greatest 5 solidity and constructive convenience.

According to the invention, said modules allowobtaining, inside the masonry, insulated seats fortechnological services and insulation means.

STATE OF ART 10 Several modular masonry proposais are known to the

State of art which, nevertheless, hâve not succeeded inobtaining the same results and convenience connected tothe traditional masonries: in fact, modules withoutpractical Systems of joint assembly for the different 15 parts of a brickwork construction are utilized, amongwhich: - Systems with a technique of cementation by castingwith formwork modules, wherein any structuralrationality with respect to the strengths of contained 20 modules, cernent and possible iron is wholly absent;

Systems constituted by several spécial modules, rigidly pre-arranged by single brickwork part such as:angles, crossings, wall-ends, straight parts, etc.,which cannot be replaced the ones by the others and 25 therefore which are difficult to be managed in thepractical implémentation of a building yard; - modular Systems therewith the implemented walls arerigidly limited in length, as they are bound tomultiples of the module portion (usually half thereof) 012803 corresponding to the staggering between one row and theupper one;

Therefore, it is strongly felt the need for Systemswith cementation by casting able, on one side, to meetthe several brickwork, executive, structural andinsulating requirements and, on the other side, able tohouse the infrastructure pipes even in walls with smallthickness for the inner partitions.

In a preceding application PCT WO97/16610 of thesame applicants an improved masonry System with modularéléments with building constructions has beenillustrated, comprising linear and angular modulesequipped, on the bases and on the vertical side faces,with joints of male/female type for the correct andsimple positioning thereof in the construction ofmasonries of rectilinear, curve or broken type; saidmodules providing on each base at least a centrallongitudinal channel as well as central holesorthogonal to the bases themselves, the whole thingbeing arranged so as to form canalizations with theadjacent modules which must be cemented after laying.The central holes, parallel to the side surfaces, arearranged so as to match the holes and/or thecanalizations of the éléments positioned in the upperand lower rows, thus obtaining a set of canalizationsapt to form a structural network, reinforced or not,cast during use and constituted by rafters and smallpillars.

However, a System of such type does not fully meetthe market needs because: 1) the holes and vertical channels do not 3 01280 3 correspond to a sequence suitable for a staggeringdiffering from the "regular" one of half module; 2) it is not possible positioning an angular moduleonto the linear ones in straight line; 3) it is not possible choosing a wall length notequal to a multiple of the module itself or to morethan half module, not being fractionable into sub-modules; 4) there are not modules suitable to partitionswith hollow spaces; 5) there is not a module of last row with hollowspace. A certain planning rigidity dérivés from this,involving limitations in the choice of the partitionwalls' length and the need for calculating in advancethe exact number of angular modules in order to avoidthe risk of a useless surplus or shortage thereof.

The object of the présent invention is to meet suchrequirements, by overcoming the technical limitationstypical of the Systems previously described byproviding a modular system wherein the wall distancesare not rigidly limited but can be varied, which Systemcomprising: - base modules equipped with vertical and horizontalcanalizations forming, in use, a cernent network ofsmall pillars and rafters homogeneous with the modules,wherein said small pillars resuit regularly équidistantin the wall, and apt to incorporate with the maximumsimplicity a bearing, anti-seismic reinforcement,suitable for lintels; - joints of female/male type, arranged on the contact 4 012803 surfaces of the modules for the exact positioningthereof with horizontal and complementary tappings,grooves from fronton to fronton for the better sealingof the fluid conglomerate and/or isolated tappings forthe superimposition, even transversal, of the modules,for angular positionings; complementary grooves of thefemale part apt both to guide the angular positioningand to receive the longitudinal tappings of themodules; - holes and/or grooves of the hollow space type with arational arrangement of the volumes and spaces for theplacing of infrastructure services or even for thereinforcing cementation, vertically communicating evenin case of using fractioned modules and/or partthereof; "polyvalent" éléments which can be used in theangles, in the wall-ends and even in the rectilinearmasonry instead of the linear modules; - holed hollow spaces arranged so that they can beprovided with canalization one by one and cementedcontinuously at brickwork couplings without the castingflow outflow into the adjacent holes; - modules with a channel composition suitable forpartitions and walls with reduced thickness,implemented with cementable holes and correspondinghollow space holes; - modules for the junction with the floors by means ofthe union thereof into the wall; - modules for walls of high constructive efficiency, said base and polyvalent modules being structuredin modular segments so as to be sectional therebetween 5 012803 even if fractioned by keeping the continuity of thevertical canalizations obtained in use and by keepingconstant the distance between the centres of thecementable holes.

The System is further characterized in that itcomprises a joint with variable length constituted by apair of éléments which can be moved in a telescopicway.

The invention will be described in detail herebelowby referring to different embodiments illustrated byway of example and not for limitative purpose in theenclosed drawings, wherein the figures show: figure 1 shows an axonometric view of a primary"linear" module with hollow spaces and continuousperimetral sheathing joints, formed by four modularsegments; figures 2a and 2b show other two modules as theprevious one, but formed by a greater number ofsegments; figure 3 shows a bottom view of a "polyvalent"·module which is complementary and replaces the linearone shown in figure 1; figure 3a still shows a bottom view of another"polyvalent" module which can be divided into smallerfractions; figure 4 shows a brickwork combination withpolyvalent modules in regular position; figure 5 shows an additional auxiliary moduleconstituted by a joint with variable length; figure 6 shows a module for the floor; figure 7 shows a module with high supporting ί » 6 012803 capacity; figure 8 shows a brickwork body with modules forpartitions; figure 9 shows an example of masonry construction5 wherein the modules shown in the preceding figures are arranged in combination.

By referring to figure 1, the System according tothe invention comprises a module for constructionhaving holes and recesses apt to house a cernent network 10 of small pillars and rafters, reinforced if necessary,characterized by: - a central canalization set comprising horizontalchannels 1 and 1' and vertical holes and channels 2 and2' apt to receive and to expand the cernent casting 15 - inside the formed wall; the vertical holes and channels2, 2' form in the wall holes with constant sizes and distance between the centres; a pair of horizontal joints with longitudinaltappings 3, placed on the two sides of said channel 1, 20 along the resting planes of the module; a pair of groovings 4 on the opposite plane, complementary to said tappings 3 which, during usé, getinto contact for a quick and correct superimposition ofthe modules; 25 - a set of front-vertical joints with coupled tappings 5-5 and corresponding grooves 6 - 6 on the oppositefronton, which together with the set of horizontaljoints forms a complété circuit acting also as a sheathfor the fluid conglomerate; 30 - hollow space holes 7 isolated from said canalization set which can be utilized for the thermal insulation t 7 012803 and for housing the service pipings (current, gas,etc.) as well as structural reserve since they can becemented and reinforced too; - a throttling 8 at the base of the hollow space holes 5 7 necessary to compensate the gap of the grooves of the female joint; - front recesses 9 apt to receive the cernent castinguniting opposed frontons; - médian piers 10 placed at the front joint of the 10 modules, with such a thickness so as to receive the cernent casting coming from the front recesses 9, sothat it does not outflow into the hollow space holes 7.

As it can be seen in the same figure 1 the moduleis structured under the form of equal segments 200 each 15 ’ thereof includes two halves of the cementable hole 2and a pair of hollow spaces 7.

In a further embodiment the piers 10 are replacedby médian recesses 11 - in dotted Unes - opened forcementation - but however isolating said hollow spaces. 20 In figures 2a and 2b a "linear" module ML and an angular module MP, which will be described in detaillater, are plan viewed, respectively. Both onês areconstituted by five divisible regular segments, insteadof four segments as the previous one. In figure 2a, the 25 module is shown in sequence with another module topoint out the regular distribution of the canalizationseven in the junction points.

On the contrary, figure 2b shows the modularconfiguration with divisible regular segments 200, each 30 one equipped with hollow spaces 7 and channel parts 2 -2' apt to align vertically in the wall with the 8 012803 respective similar parts, both in case of a full moduleand in presence of a fraction thereof.

The partition walls or easy-break transversal slitsare designated with 12 which reproduce the jointéléments 5-5 and 6-6, whereas the external breakingUnes are designated with 12' .

The number of said partition walls 12 is obviouslyvariable, as both the division of a single segment 200and multiples thereof can be provided.

The utility of said arrangement meets one of theobjects of the invention as the possibility offractioning the module into sub-multiples allows abroader possibility of choosing the partition walls, atthe same time by keeping everywhere the continuity ofthe hollow spaces which is one of the features of theprésent invention.

The figures 3 and 4 show an upside-down view and aview with a regular combination of a "polyvalent"module complementary to the "linear" module of figure1, apt to be used for angles, crossings, wall-ends,etc., having one of the frontons closed like a wall,but also equipped with means suitable for the usethereof - if needed - with the "linear" modules in thestraight parts of the wall. Said "polyvalent" module,as a whole, appears like the sum of two distinct parts:a defined "open" part - having the same segments 200 ofthe linear modules, since during use it will be alignedtherewith vertically by following the course of thehollow spaces 7, whereas the other defined "closed"half part is mainly used in the angles, crossings andwall-ends and it has a more complex channel arrangement 9 012803 which will be illustrated later.

Said module has: - horizontal channels 1 - 1' , interrupted by saidclosed fronton 100; - a set of horizontal joints wherein the tappings areof the longitudinal type 3 on the "open" side, whereason the other half side, the one closed by an insulatedtapping 13 surrounding on the inside the adjacent hole2, and on the external part being surrounded by planespaces suitable for the transversal resting, of anothermodule, for example to construct an angle; - a set of groovings 40, which constitute the femalejoint in the opposite plane, well visible in figure 3,wherein a pair of groovings 4' can be seen flanking thechannel 1' , as far as the closing barrier, followed bytwo projections 24 which pass through the closedfronton 100 and end up outside; and, at last, there isa transversal grooving 15 with abutment relief, apt tohouse and to guide an isolated tapping 13 of atransversally-placed module. The presence ofprojections 24 further allows the superimposition ofthe "polyvalent" modules onto the "linear" modules withcontinuous tapping with the advantages alreadydescribed previously; - a pair of grooves 6 - 6 of the vertical joint, evenaccompanied by additional joint éléments 6 - 6, 7 - 7,shown in dotted Unes, in the other pôles of vertical junction; - a set of hollow space holes 7 and 14, placed so thaton the closed side of the heading some of them, saidcanalizations 14, in a position substantially 10 012803 orthogonal to the central reference hole 2, act ascernent bridge in case of brickwork coupling whereas theadjacent angular hollow spaces 7 remain free, except incase they are voluntarily cemented, according to whathas been said by referring to figure 1; - a front recess 9 on the open side of the module; - vertical holes and channels 2-2' the central onethereof has an expansion 2" towards the closed side sothat in a transversal superimposition it verticallycorresponds .to one of the cementable hollow spaces 14.Conveniently, this allows to hâve at disposai anadditional reinforcement seat F, as pointed out infigure 2, in a crucial point such as the angle or thewall-end.

In the modules there are also provided; - partition walls 12, apt to divide the module at onequarter and three-quarter, respectively, reproducingthe vertical joint éléments 5-5/6-β, as it can be seenin figure 3, and in additional smaller fractions asillustrated in figure 3a. This with the purpose ofhaving the broadest possibility of choosing the lengthof the wall which is to be constructed.

According to an additional feature of theinvention, as already mentioned previously, the modularSystem which is described provides the use of anadditional module under the form of a technical joint Gconstituted by two éléments coupled therebetween in atelescopic way thus able to modify the whole length ofthe ensemble thereof. This expédient allows obtainingany type of wall length.

The joint G is illustrated in figure 5. As it can 11 012803 be seen, it comprises two parts one thereof, which willbe called drawer 50, with reduced width, is slidinglyinserted into the second element which will be calledportai 52, so that it can be moved forwards orbackwards along the wall line, inside an appropriatechamber 54. The greater is the drawer insertion intosaid chamber, the more reduced is the length of thejoint.

As it can be seen in the figure, in the joint Gthere are .ail other union and structural femaleéléments therewith the modules are equipped andtherefore it results to be able to be coupled to theother modules as illustrated with dotted Unes still infigure 5.

Figure 6 shows a spécial module MS structuredbased upon its function which is that of occupying thelast row of the wall, so as to be able to contain thefloor. To this purpose said module MS appears with ashape like a "L" wherein the lower part contains thecentral canalization set with the channels 1 and 1' andthe vertical holes and/or channels 2-2', for thestructural continuity with the remaining wall, and theusual pair of joint groovings 4 placed on the sides ofsaid lower channel 1', along the resting planes of themodule, apt to house the complementary tappings 3 ofthe underneath modules. On the frontons, there are onopposite sides, vertical female joints 6-6 andcomplementary vertical male joints 5-5 in order toguarantee the sealed junction between adjacent modules.

The upper part of the same module MS has a sidewall 60 aimed at containing the casting cernent of the 12 01280 3 floor.

Preferably said wall 60 on the upper part has acontainment recess 61 which allows to the slab SL toextend beyond the inner face of the same wall 60 so asto increase as much as possible the structuralhomogeneity of the same slab. The module of figure 6further has the hollow space holes 7 both on the baseand along the wall, apt to complété the insulation ofthe walls even at the floor. It is to be noted thatsaid hollow· space holes 7 are conveniently placed inhorizontal way so as to prevent the casting cernentinfiltration and at the same time to protect the wholehollow space set of the underneath wall.

Figure 7 represents a module equipped with amultiple channel apparatus, suitable for walls withgreat thickness and weights. In the drawing it isillustrated in two versions, the one with the wholedrawing comprises a central, horizontal 115 and/orvertical 107 hollow space, apt for the placing of pipesor wires, properly isolated from the latéral cementingcanalizations by the presence of additional, innersheathing joints 5-5 and 6^-6, which in the opposite waycan protect the outer holes from a central casting.

The other version delimited by the dotted Unes isinstead constituted by canalizations connected inside agreat collateral expansion 16> so as to be able tocontain an even transversal and therefore three-dimensional reinforcement.

In figure 8 an exemplificative brickwork bodyconstituted by modules for partitions is represented,for which the invention provides an articulated channel 13 012803 apparatus in order to hâve, even in a wall with smallthickness: - holes and channels able to receive the insertion ofthe cernent conglomérate; - hollow spaces on both faces in order to place theservices on both sides of the wall.

The requirements described above are solved bymeans of a horizontal canalization with alternatedcourse 30-30' following the wall now on one side now onthe other side and with: - holes/hollow spaces 7 and grooves 70 aimed attransforming themselves, once the construction isfinished, into hollow spaces placed alternatively onthe side opposite to the channel and verticallycorresponding, apt to house the service wires S; - vertical holes and channels 2-2' with widesection, wherein the horizontal channel parts convergenow on one side now on the other side; said brickworkexample comprising also a variant V with a horizontalzigzag-arranged canalization.

Figure 9 shows an example of brickworkconstruction with the "linear" ML, "polyvalent" MPmodules and fractions thereof 200 in use, wherein it ismainly pointed out how the so-called "angular" elementis combined in the straight wall with the "linear"modules, which can be replaced in case of need, so asto make the brickwork implémentation more practical.Furthermore, after the placing of the reinforcementiron F, the brickwork construction is implementedaccording to the invention with a core of self-supporting small pillars and rafters, with the maximum 14 012803 implémentation simplicity due to the joints and to theadaptability of the modules and with the possibility ofhaving the wished length of the partition walls ofvarious sizes, thanks to the fractioning of the 5 modules. It is also pointed out the use of spécialmodules MS for containing the floor, as well as the useof joints G with variable length described previously.

It is useful noting that, according to the présentinvention, it is advantageously possible to implement 10 buildings wherein ail walls, both inner and outer ones,are equipped with insulating hollow spaces 7 on bothsides, useful for the passage of the services in anypoint of the building. Furthermore, the presence of thehollow space canalizations involves even the outer part 15 ' of the walls at the floors.

The présent invention has been described and illustrated according to some preferred embodiments,but it is clear that any person skilled in the artcould apply équivalent modifications and/or 20 replacements, however comprised within the protectivescope of the présent industrial invention.

Claims (17)

15 012803 CLAIMS

1. Brickwork System with combinable and/ortransformable modules which can be dry-laid and, afterlaying, cemented by cernent casting, characterized inthat the modules are substantially parallelepipedshaped and which comprises: base modules properly formed for implementingrectilinear masonry parts; polyvalent modules properly formed for implementingboth not rectilinear and heading masonry parts andrectilinear ones; which modules are provided with holes and/orpolyfunctional hollow space channels properly arrangedto guarantee the volume equilibrium, the maximumlightness and insulation, as well as to provide andappropriate seat for the services and/or to provideadditional canalizations usable for the spécialcementation; said base modules and said polyvalent modules beingstructured in modular segments so as they can besectional therebetween even if fractioned by keepingunaltered the continuity of the vertical canalizationsobtained, during use, due to the vertical alignment ofthe cementable holes and/or hollow space channelstherewith each module is equipped.

2. Brickwork System with sectional and/ortransformable modules according to claim 1,characterized in that it provides modules which can befractioned in length so as to be divided transversallyinto parts with a lower length than the offset portionamong the modules of a row and the ones of the upper 16 012803 and/or lower row in order to allow the broadest choiceof the partition walls' length.

3. Brickwork System with combinable modulesaccording to the preceding daims, characterized inthat each one of said base modules for implementingrectilinear walls provides: a central canalization set comprising upper andlower horizontal channels (1, 1') facing on bothfrontons and vertical channels (2, 2') connecting saidhorizontal channels therebetween to receive and expandthe cernent casting inside the laid wall, which verticalchannels (2, 2') are distributed so as to resuit,during use, equally sized and regularly spaced in orderto keep the exact vertical alignment even in presenceof fractioned parts; a pair of substantially rectilinear horizontaljoints (3), of the male type, arranged along the sidesof said upper horizontal channel (1) onto the upperresting plane of the module itself; a pair of substantially rectilinear horizontaljoints (4) or groovings, of the feraale type, arrangedalong the sides of said lower horizontal channel (lz )onto the lower resting plane of the module itself,which female joints are complementary to the upper malejoints by guaranteeing a précisé superimposition of themodule rows; two sériés of hollow space holes (7) , which arearranged along the two larger sides of the module andare isolated from said central canalization set (1, 1',2, 2’ ) and which, during use, are verticallycorresponding to the ones of the modules of the 17 012803 adjacent rows.

4. Brickwork System with combinable modulesaccording to one of the preceding daims, characterizedin that said polyvalent module, which is particularlysuitable to be used for implementing angles, crossings,wall-ends, etc., has one closed fronton and comprises: a central canalization set comprising upper andlower horizontal channels (1, 1') interrupted at oneend by a fitting closed fronton (100) and verticalchannels (2> 2') connecting said horizontal channelstherebetween to receive and expand the cernent castinginside the laid wall, said vertical channels (2, 2')being distributed so as to resuit, during use, equallysized and regularly spaced in order to keep the exactvertical alignment even in presence of fractionedparts; a set of horizontal joints of the male/female typeconstituted by several upper male bodies (3, 13) onethereof is adjacent to the closed fronton and forms anisolated tapping (13) surrounding the closed end of theupper horizontal channel (1), which bodies are arrangedso as to leave plane spaces suitable for the resting ofan upper module both longitudinally and transversally,for example to construct an angle, and by a sériés offemale bodies or lower groovings (40) flanking thehorizontal lower channel (1') for the whole length ofthe module including the tract closed by the fronton(100) so as to implement a female couplingcomplementary to the upper horizontal tappings of theunderneath modules, whether they are of the base orpolyvalent type, and further comprising a grooving at 18 012803 the closed fronton apt to house and guide the insulatedtapping (13) of a lower module arranged longitudinallyor transversally; said polyvalent module being usableeven with said base modules for implementingrectilinear walls; a set of hollow space holes (7) and (14), placedso that on the closed side of the heading some of them,said canalizations (14), in a position substantiallyorthogonal to the central reference hole (2) , act ascernent bridge in case of brickwork coupling whereas theadjacent angular hollow spaces (7) remain free, exceptin case they are voluntarily cemented.

5. Brickwork System with combinable modulesaccording to one of the preceding daims, characterizedin that the modules hâve vertical full reinforcementpiers (10) , arranged in the middle, at thereof thereare central recesses (11) arranged along the line ofthe hollow space holes (7).

6. Brickwork System with combinable modulesaccording to one of the preceding daims, characterizedin that, in order to allow the broadest choice of thepartition walls' length, even by guaranteeing thecontinuity of the horizontal and vertical canalizationsapart from the offset portion between the modules of arow and the ones of the upper and/or lower row, areprovided modules equipped with at least a transversaleasy-break slit (12) on each one of the larger sides,which allows to implement a précisé and definitedivision of the parts at the middle of the modularsegments (200) thereby the module is constituted, sothat the resulting module portions can be placed in the 19 01 280 3 wall by keeping the continuity of the verticalcanalizations apart from the length thereof.

7. Brickwork System with combinable modules according to claim 1, characterized in that it 5 comprises modules apt to form walls with reducedthickness, which modules are equipped with a horizontalchannel (30 and/or 30') with zig-zag course followingthe wall now on one side now on the other one,delimited by holes and/or hollow space canalizations 10 (7, 70) arranged alternatively on the two sides of said horizontal channel; said modules with reduced length,particularly suitable for partition walls, being alsoequipped with holes and/or vertical canalizations (2,2'} with wide section wherein said zig-zag horizontal 15 "" canalizations end up.

8. Brickwork system with combinable modulesaccording to one of the preceding daims, characterizedin that said modules hâve at least a hollow fronton (9)apt to create a compartment between opposed frontons, 20 wherein the cernent casting can be poured.

9. Brickwork system with combinable modules according to one of the preceding daims, characterizedin that the modules hâve, on the frontons, at least apair of male and/or female vertical joints (4, 5, 6) 25 which, in use, guarantees cernent casting proof junctionbetween adjacent modules.

10. Brickwork system with combinable modulesaccording to one of the preceding daims, characterizedin that each one of the fractions thereinto the module 30 can be divided has, in the partition walls (12) atleast a pair of vertical joint éléments 5-5 and/or 6-6. 20 012803

11. Brickwork System with combinable modulesaccording to claim 1, characterized in that itcomprises an additional union and cement-containingmodule (MS) particularly suitable for implementingfloors, comprising: a base acting as union with the underneathmodules, comprising a coiple of joint groovings (4)along the edges of a lower horizontal channel (1') andvertical holes and/or channels (2, 2') verticallycorresponding to the ones of the underneath modules; a side small wall (60) apt to contain the castingcernent of the floor, wherein there are the hollow spaceholes (7); said small wall (60) being equipped with acontainment recess (61) allowing to the slab (SL) toexpand beyond the inner face of said wall (60) .

12. Brickwork System with combinable modulesaccording to claim 1, characterized in that it furthercomprises a module with high supporting capacity havinga multiple cementable canalization.

13. Brickwork System with combinable modulesaccording to claim 6, characterized in that thetransversal easy-break slit (12), arranged on each oneof the larger sides, is positioned at 1/4 of itslength.

14. Brickwork System with combinable modulesaccording to claim 1, characterized in that it furthercomprises an additional module under the form of atechnical joint (G) constituted by two éléments whichare coupled in a telescopic way thus able to modify thewhole length of the ensemble thereof.

15. Brickwork System with combinable modules 21 012803 according to claim 14, characterized in that said joint(G) comprises a drawer (50) with reduced width, whichis slidingly inserted into a second element or portai(52), so that it can be moved forwards or backwards 5 along the wall line, inside an appropriate chamber(54); and in that said joint (G) results to be coupledwith the other modules of the System as it is equippedwith ail other union and structural female and/or maleéléments therewith ail modules of the System are 10 equipped.

16. Building implemented with modules of thebrickwork System according to the preceding daims,characterized in that ail walls, both inner and outerones, are equipped with insulating hollow spaces (7) on 15 " both sides.

17. Brickwork system with combinable and/ortransformable modules which can be dry-laid and, afterlaying, cemented by cernent casting, according to anyoneof the daims 1 to 15 characterized in that it has a 20 sériés of vertical and horizontal canalizations able tocontain the reinforcement made of vertical andhorizontal irons united to the cernent casting.