CA2228145C - Process for de-icing the rotor blades of a wind driven power station - Google Patents
Process for de-icing the rotor blades of a wind driven power station Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2228145C CA2228145C CA002228145A CA2228145A CA2228145C CA 2228145 C CA2228145 C CA 2228145C CA 002228145 A CA002228145 A CA 002228145A CA 2228145 A CA2228145 A CA 2228145A CA 2228145 C CA2228145 C CA 2228145C
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- Prior art keywords
- rotor blade
- transfer medium
- rotor
- heat
- heat transfer
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- WWYNJERNGUHSAO-XUDSTZEESA-N (+)-Norgestrel Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](CC)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 WWYNJERNGUHSAO-XUDSTZEESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150052147 ALLC gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000937413 Axia Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100402341 Caenorhabditis elegans mpk-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100082828 Dickeya dadantii (strain 3937) pecT gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- YFONKFDEZLYQDH-OPQQBVKSSA-N N-[(1R,2S)-2,6-dimethyindan-1-yl]-6-[(1R)-1-fluoroethyl]-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound C[C@@H](F)C1=NC(N)=NC(N[C@H]2C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C[C@@H]2C)=N1 YFONKFDEZLYQDH-OPQQBVKSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014328 Schoenoplectus acutus var occidentalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000136421 Scirpus acutus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014326 Scirpus californicus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017913 Scirpus lacustris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000534944 Thia Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004543 Vicia ervilia Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/40—Ice detection; De-icing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
In order to de-ice a wind turbine rotor blade having inter-connected cavities, s heat transfer medium, pre-warmed if necessary, is circulated through the cavities.
A means for introducing a heat transfer medium into at least one cavity behind the leading edge of the blade is installed in the root end of the rotor blade, which is connected to a rotor hub.
There are flow channels which channel the heat transfer medium and connect neighbouring cavities in the end sections of the chambers at the rotor tip end.
A means for introducing a heat transfer medium into at least one cavity behind the leading edge of the blade is installed in the root end of the rotor blade, which is connected to a rotor hub.
There are flow channels which channel the heat transfer medium and connect neighbouring cavities in the end sections of the chambers at the rotor tip end.
Description
PROCESS FOR DE-ICING THE ROTOR BLADES
OF A WIND DRIVEN POWER STATION
The invention rolate~ to a method for de-icin~ a ~Ivind turbine rotor blade having inter-conne!cted cavities. The invention relates also to a rotor blade that is favourably suiTablR for implemen~ing The method.
A wind turbine feaTuring rotor blades Tha~ are ei~ a7 'Iy pr~necled e~ain~t the formation of ice 8r the rotor blade ~ip8 iS known from DE-PS-842 330. In Ihis case, the roTor blade has cavities on the inside of the leading ed~e that are connected wilh each o~her, in terms of fluid dynamics. paralle~ to the longitudinal axis of the roTor blade vla openinS~s in the reinfo~Le"lel~t rlbs. Warmed air is thus able to move frorn the rotor blade hub roughly parallel to the lon5~itudinal axis of the roTor blade via thc flow channels ~o the tip area of the rotor blade and is then expelled ou~ of the inner blade via cG,llr~ t le vems. Hence. the wurmed air is channelled radielly from the cen~ral part of The wind turbine to the outer parts of a rotor blade tip, where ~he he~ ~ransfer medium transfen its thermal energy and warms the leadinç~edge of the rotor blade, the means by ~vhich it i5 attemptçd to prevent ice forming.
The ice formed on the surfaces of the rotor blades of a wind turbine may lead tounwan~ed unbalanced masses and concomitant mechanical loads on the wind energy corlverter, ~s well a$ ~erodynami~ distL~rbances with potontially adverseeffects on the power output of the turbine. fu.TI,on,.ore, the formation of ice on a wind turbine whilo in oper~tion ~oneratos the risk of accidents, because tho ice may brlsak off and ice r~" .e. .ls be thrown considerable distances into the area surroundinl~ the wind turbine.
Wind ~urbines should be manufactured at lowesl possible cost and be operaled forhigh yields. Although additional measures for preven~ing ice formation should have no udverse effects as far as pss_" ~e either on manufactur;ng cost or on yields, it is virrually impossible to prevent en impact on the manufacturing cost due to the design and construction effor~ tha~ is necess~ily involved. Special desi~n problems are generated In this connec~ion by rotor blades, which tend to ice up because they move, unlike fixod components of the wind turbine, and for this reason the transitions between fixed and movin~ parts of ~hc wind turbine must, as a matterof necessi ty, be given consideration durinçl the design phase with sufficient eXperTise and attention to safety a~pecTs.
The purpo~~e of Ihe present invention is to provide a me~hod for preventing the adverse ef1'ec~s resulting from ice forma~ion on ro~or blades, by means of a design That is as simple a6 possible, and thus cost-efficient, while et the same tirne effective, Zl5 well as to create a s~iTable rotor blade implementin~ the invention.
This purpoE:e i~ achleved by the invention in a rotor blade of the a~orementioned typH by channelling ~hrou51h ~he cavities o heat t~_ .s~..r medium that has previously been heated up a litlle~ specifically to appro~ etely + 1~ C to ~ 5~ C.
Ice can form at external temperatures arou nd r- ae~i. na point, e . 9 . between + 2 ~ and -50 C, but only when ~he concer..r~ion of water va~our in the air is corre~pondin~ly high. The ~ tl ,od of the present i..~arition advantageously exploits the fac~ ~hat ice deposited on the rotor blade forms an insula~inçl layer beTween the surface of Ihe blade and the surrounding air. It is therefore poOsible, with relatively littl~ thermal inpu~, ~o warm the iced surface of the relevant blade to such an extent that the ice thaws and falls off ~he rotor blade by itself. The de-icing method of the invention dloes no~ Involve the rotor blade bein~ heated in order TO prevent iceforminla from ~he very ou~set, as descriL.ed in the aforementioned OE-PS-842 330, but in~eadl any ice which has alreadv formed i6 ra...o~ed Ice is forrned on a rotor blade above all at the leadin~ edge, which taces the direcTion ol sweep, and at the outermost blade tip. Thia is why, in the emb~i..le.ll ot the invention, the warmed heat transfcr medium i~ channelled, af~er flowing throu~h a caviTy behind the leadin~ edge and transfer~ thermel ener~ay to the blade walls,. into a nei.Jl.booring cavity, preferen~ially a cavi~y on the trailing edge ~ide of The blade. from whence it is than extracTsd.
If the rotor blades have reinforL~...en~ rib~ running parallel to the longitudinal axis of The blade, thes~ can be utllised especi311y well in order to form channels throu~3h which ~he heat transfer medium can flow, firstly through the leadin~ ed~e eavity, ~here i~ tnansfers its Iherl..al ener~y ro The blade wall and especially thH leadin~
ed~e In order to thaw out any ice which may h~ve formed there. The heat transfermedi~m ~nay s!~bseq!Jently flow th-ough a succ-%sion of other cavities as ~vell before being expolled Of course, inter con. ,ec~ed cavities may also be es~ablished, for example by means of embedded or integrated pipos, connector pipes and similar.
It is particularly advan~ageous to channel ~he hea~ transfer medium firstly into a section of the blade roo~ ~ha~ is connected to a rotor hub, and a~ the rotor blade tip to divert it into the rel~van~ cavlty, namel~,r a chamber on the trailin~ ed~e aide, and back aS~ain to the blade root. This is a vcry simple meshod for e~nsuring cTrculation of the heaI uan~ter medium within the rotor blade. The air wi~hin ~he rotor blade rnay be usl3d as a heat transfer medium. ~owever, it is also conceivablo to have rotor blades containin~ 5pecial ga~e~ or vapours with ~,ociric proF~ . ~s ths~ are more apt for this putpose than air, for example which can rslea~e condensation hea~ in temperature rangos in which there is a risk of ice fo..,.alion, in ordor to reduce the ener~y requlfL..,ent for a necessary warming of the hea~ ~ran~fer medium circulating in the rotor blade. A nc~n-electrically conductive hea~ ~ransfer medium such as air has a~di~iGual benefits with ra~ecl to li5~hTning prolec~ion for Ihe wind ~urbine, as opposed to ele~ l heaTin~ u5in9 resi~tance wires, for example.
In order to warm up the hea~ far medium aS~ain after it has exited the final cavity, the chamber behind the trailing ed9e of the rotor blade, and to re-channel it back into ths fir~ cavi~y, ~he chamber behind the leadin~ ed~e, eloctric~l fans as well as he~cin~ element~ ~r,_n~aad in the flow path of the heat transfer medium may be used to ;3~ner~-te and m~in~-in the circulation of the heat transfer medium withi the rotor blade.
Since the fana and any heating elements int~l3rated into the fans a-o loca~ed a~ ~he root end of the ro~or blade, thev are advanta~ou~lly positioned close ~o Ihe axia of rotation and therefore ro~ate at a lower sv~ept speed, wi~h the re~ul~ tha~ s~allc and dynan~ic irnpair",cnt arising fro m the in~tallation of the fans and ~he heatingelements are practically negli_-L 1~. In particulat, this produces ~he advan~age ~ha~
rotor blade~ already designed and constructeo and which heve been ~ried snd tested in the field do no~ have to be adapted si~nificanlly in terms of their deaign in order ~o make use of th~ de-icing method of the r~re~enl invention. Cloctrical fans and healing elements with suitably low power requlrements, and which are fully adequate for maintaining the eirculAtion of ~he wermsd air through the cav;ties or chambers within the rotor blado. are small in size end are avalleble es geries-produced parts.
Similarly, the electrical wirin~ for the cle~l,;cal fans and heating elements installed in the ro~or blade are simple to impl~m~nr. The amount of elecrrical oner~y required is relatively small.
In order that de-icing occur au~omaticall~r when ice forms on the rotor blade~ of the ~ind ~urbine. a develGr,~,~,e.,- of ~he ms~hod of the present invention enables vibra~ions ,du~ to unbalanced massos arlsing from Ice formation on ~he ro~or blades during wind turbine operelion ~o be detected by measurin~ equipment and converted into a ~wi~ching signal to stop the ro~or of Ihe wind turbine and to start up the circ~llation of the heat transfer medium in the rotor blad0s and ~he relevant heatin~ elem~nts where ~FF~Ic~ble, such that after clrculation and ~he l.aatil.~elernents hiave o~,or~t-,~ for a certain predLt~,r... ~ed period, ~he wind tutbine i5 restarted and ~hat these staps ar~ repeated as often as necessPry until Ihe windturbino is able, as a result of de-icinEI, to o~t~c~alu without viLr.-tions.
Measures may be taken so that 1he outside temperature, the temperature of ~he heat transfor medium, the rotor speed, the wind spood and vibrations are rneasured and d~tect~d usin~ appropriate sensor~ and proc~sse' in a pro9ram-con~rolls~
automatic ~;ystem to ~onorat~ switchin~ si~nals that initiato and control a de-icing process .
A rotor blacie sui~able for ;mple .,~ ll;ny the ...etl-od of ~he present invention, for which sa"a,d~e patent pro~e_~lGn It~ clai.,.ed and whlch has inter-connoc~ed cavi~ies, is char~ elissd by havinl3 a means for introducin~3 a hea~ uansfer medium inTo a~
leas~ one cavi~y on The leading edge side of the rotor blade cont~i..ed in the blade root sec~iom, which may be connected to a rotor hub, and that there are flow channels irl ~he tinal part of the chambers at the rotor tip side which connect nei~hbouring cavititts and through which the heat transfer medium can flow.
In a ro~or blade embodying the invention, the cavities may be so formed that a space insicle the rotor blade and enclosed by the blade walls is divided into ch~rnbers by e~ least one reintorcement rlb running parallel to the longitudinal axis of ~he blade. with at least one chamber on the leodin~ ed~e sido and one chamberon The ~ralling edge side.
The connecting flow channele may be simple openin~s in the reinforcement ribs separating the cavities and/or chambers. If the heat~ransfer medium is In~roducs~
In~o ~he chamber on the leadin~ edl3s ~ide of ~h- root sec~ion of the rotor blade, the medium flows throuçlh ~ho leadin~ edlae che."bcr towerds the end section at the ro~or ~Ip, from whence it cross~s over into ~he nei~hbouring chamber",. ~,ferentially ~h~s chamber on the trailinE1 edS~e ~ide, in which it can then flow ba~k, for example, to the root section of the ro~or blade.
1~ jS alBO possible, of course, to form the ~low chennels in the rotor bl~de in the blade tip area in such a way that the heat transfer rnodium circulaTe~ Throu~hou~
~he entire ~~nd soction of the rotor blede interior at the rotor tip.
The means for introducing a heaT transfer medium comprise at least an electricalfan with imr-~int~d heatin~3 ~le...ents, whereby the suction side of e0ch fan adjoins a final cavilty in the circulation flow, the trailin5~ edpe chamber, and the presRure side of each fan adJoins the first caviTy, namely ~he leadinla ed~e chamber.
Electric;al fans with inteSIrated heatin~ elem~nt5 c3n be advant~3eously of suchsmall size that They can be mounted without problerns, also In a multiple altLn~e...ent, in ths inTsrior of a ro~or blade, nsmely in ~he root section. The output of e~ven thel smallesl ~lec~-ical fJn~ should be sur1.eien~ to iniTiaTe and maintain a circulation of air throu~h the caYities in the rotor blade. Simple resistance heaters with heating coils or similar tnay be used as healin~ ol~s.oorit5 intoEIrated in each fan. Shouldl it transpire that the o~Jtput of an ele_~.ical fan with heatin~ elemenes is not suffici~nt, s~vefal suitably low-sized fan6, oach with into~ral~sd hoating elements, rnay be con~bined in a sin~le assembly unit so that the ousput levels of the fans so~FI~ nant each other.
In order to l~nsuro op~lmsl circ~'etion throughout the interior of the rotor blade, the end of the leadin~ ed~e cavi~y ei~ua~ed al the root end of the rotor blade can be sealed off by means of a sealing cover from the inslde space that o~en6 into thetrailin6 ed~e cavi~.
The sealin~l cover may be used to special advanta~e as a rnount fot the electrical fans with heatinl3 elements, o~/ havin~ at least opening into which ~ shaft section with integratod f~n is fitted.
Each shafT ~ec~ion i- fitted into a hole in the sealin9 cover in such 8 wsy thst it is sloped towards the leading edge and protr-ldes inTo the leadln5~ edge chsmber. The air flo~lv ~cner~ed when the fan is op~retinç,~ is ~hus directed towards the leading ed~e and ia located at an advan~3~eous distance from the root section of the rotor blad~, Thu~, proventing unwanted ~,varmin~ during de-icing. Tubing, for example,could be u~ed a~ shaft elements.
I lea~ losses can be furth~r reduced by fittin~ insulating material betweon tho inside of the blade root and the blad~ adapter for cGr".eclin~ the blade to the rotor hub.
~his in~erior cladding may be, for e~ample, a foam sheet specially moulded to fit into ~he root end of the rotor blade and whieh ~t~nds roughly parallel to the sealin~
cover.
If ~he sealing cover is ~imilsrly constructed of insulating ma~erisl, Ihe inside space on the suction side of the fan is insulated to a considerable e~tent.
An embodilment of the ;..~.,.li...- illustrating additiGnsl features of th~ invention is shown in the drawin~s. These show:
Fig. 1 a lon~itudinal ~ec~ion of ths root area of The rotor blade Fig. 2 a cross s6_tional view of a rotor blade along the line ll-ll in Figure 1 Fjg, 3 a cross-sectional vie~v of the rolor blado alon~ the line 111-111 in fi~ure 1 and FiEI. 4 a circ~it diagram fot an automa~ic system to control the de-icinl3 ~,rocass.
Figure 1 shows the lo ~ver part of a rotor blade, i~8 root soction, in a schematic longi~udinal ssction. ~rrow I i..r 9t4~ the incid~ wind J;,~-tion, and thus points to the leading ed~e 2 of the rotor blade. The tralling edSIe is marked with the numeral 3.
The roTor blade is connected to a rotor hub (not shown in the diagram) by means of a blade adapter 4, to which the blade root is attached A foam sheet 5 is insert~d between the blade root and the blade adapter 4.
The rotor bl~de is hollow, and tho inside space 7 cnclo~s1 by tho outer blade walls ~3 is divided by at lea6t one rdinforce.,.ent rib 8 (plus 8a, 8b where relevant~
runninE~ parallel to the longitudinal axis of The blade into chambers, compri~in~ at least one :hamber 9 situated behind ~he loadin~3 ed~e of the blade and one chamber 10 situated behind the trailin~ edl3e of the blade. The reinforcement rlb 8a ends shortl~r before tho rotor blado tip 1 1. Arrow 12 Indica~e6 th~ presence of a connectOr channel located near the blade tip 11, loadin~ from the leading edgs chamber 9 to the trailing edge chamber 10.
The end of the leadin~3 ed~3e chambHr 9 situated Tn the root section ot the rotor blado, as well as, in this embodiment, the ncigl .Louring chamber situatod betwoen the reinforcement ribs 8 and 8a ~which chamber pe, rGr,.,~ no function~, ate sealed off by means of a sealin~ cover 13 from the inside spece 7 open to the trailing edge chamber 1 0 .
The sealin~ cover ~orves a~ fl mount fot shaft soctions 14, 15, which ~lope ~oward~ ~he leading edge 2 and which protrude into the leadin~ edge chamber 9.
Each shatt ~ection contains a fan 1~ and 1 ~i' with an integrated heating olemem.
Numeral 1 J referQ ~che.l.atically to the wiring for supplying the fan and the heaTin9 elHments ~~Jith sle .,ici.~,n Fi~ure 3 shows a cro~is-sectional view of the root section of the rotor blade along the line 111-1111 in Figure 1. Tho same components are marked again with the same numerals.
Fi~ure 2 ~hows a cross-sectional view of tllo rotor blade ~lon~ the line 11-11 in Fi~ure 1 . The same compc...ents are mariced with the san e nu~ner~ls as in Figure 1.
Figure 3 shows clearly that the sesling cover 13 ~erves as the moun~ for a total of four shaft olen.~nl~ 14, 15 ~and 1~', 15' where relevan~. The shafT elemenrs 14,15 end 14', 15' containing the fms are fitted into a mount inQert 18, which in turn can be flush-fitted as a unit into a corres~,ondin~3 oponinEI 19 in the sealing cover 13, which serves as a holder for the mount insert 18.
Figure 4 shows a schematic circuit dia~ram for an embodiment of e control systemfor controlling the de iciny of three rotor blades of a wind turbine. E~ch rotor blade 19, 20 ancl 21 ib repres~n~ed by a rectan~ular field bordered by broken lines and co-responcls in its embodimen~ to a rotor blade pursuant to Figures 1 to 3. Eachrotor ~l~de cont~ins s~ns~rs 22, 23 and 24, where relevant, for rneasuring the ~e,.,p~ tule of a heat transfer medium. Similarly, each rotor blade 19, 20 and 21 contains electrical fans 25, 26 and 27 (corrHspondin~ to f~n5 1 ff ~nd 1 fi' in Fig. 1), each of v~l~hich contains the associeted heatin~ element 28, 29 and 30 in a combined unit, wheroby the unitb form a meanb for introducin~ a heat transfer medium into the leadin~ edge chamber of the respective rotor blade, the te" ,p~r~ture of which medium Ib meaeured wi~h ~snser~ 2Z, 23 and Z4 respectively. Measurement of the ~emperature of the hea~ ~ransfer msdium usin~
sensors 22, 23 and ;24 se~vOs ~o monitor the functional o~er~liGn of fanb 25, 26, 27, of healting elements 28, 29 and 30, a~ well es to protect the rotor blades against overheatinE~-Temperatures areenquired byme~snsof apro~ coi,~,ol'ed automa~ic system 31.rhe progralm-controlled automaric sysrem al~o measures ~he ou~side ~emperature with sensor 32, the wind speed wirh sensor 33, the rotor speed with sensor 34 and vibrations buch as ~owsr oscillations with sensor 35.
As soon a!s the wind speed is sufficicnt for operating the turbine and the outside tempera~ure is within e range where Ice may form on the roTor bladeb, ~he unir comprislns~ the heatin~ elcments ~nd fans in eaCh rotor blade are activated by the autom0lic control system. After a cer~aln interval, the ~,vind turbine is started. If there is an iimbalance in the rotor due lo uneven ice formation on the rotor bl~ad~s, ~he resultant vibration i5 detected when the rotor is turnin~ by measuring th~ tower oscillations, at which the turbine i~ switched off and the cie-icin~ o~ the ro~or blsdes is repeated when the rotor has ~t~FF~Fi-
OF A WIND DRIVEN POWER STATION
The invention rolate~ to a method for de-icin~ a ~Ivind turbine rotor blade having inter-conne!cted cavities. The invention relates also to a rotor blade that is favourably suiTablR for implemen~ing The method.
A wind turbine feaTuring rotor blades Tha~ are ei~ a7 'Iy pr~necled e~ain~t the formation of ice 8r the rotor blade ~ip8 iS known from DE-PS-842 330. In Ihis case, the roTor blade has cavities on the inside of the leading ed~e that are connected wilh each o~her, in terms of fluid dynamics. paralle~ to the longitudinal axis of the roTor blade vla openinS~s in the reinfo~Le"lel~t rlbs. Warmed air is thus able to move frorn the rotor blade hub roughly parallel to the lon5~itudinal axis of the roTor blade via thc flow channels ~o the tip area of the rotor blade and is then expelled ou~ of the inner blade via cG,llr~ t le vems. Hence. the wurmed air is channelled radielly from the cen~ral part of The wind turbine to the outer parts of a rotor blade tip, where ~he he~ ~ransfer medium transfen its thermal energy and warms the leadinç~edge of the rotor blade, the means by ~vhich it i5 attemptçd to prevent ice forming.
The ice formed on the surfaces of the rotor blades of a wind turbine may lead tounwan~ed unbalanced masses and concomitant mechanical loads on the wind energy corlverter, ~s well a$ ~erodynami~ distL~rbances with potontially adverseeffects on the power output of the turbine. fu.TI,on,.ore, the formation of ice on a wind turbine whilo in oper~tion ~oneratos the risk of accidents, because tho ice may brlsak off and ice r~" .e. .ls be thrown considerable distances into the area surroundinl~ the wind turbine.
Wind ~urbines should be manufactured at lowesl possible cost and be operaled forhigh yields. Although additional measures for preven~ing ice formation should have no udverse effects as far as pss_" ~e either on manufactur;ng cost or on yields, it is virrually impossible to prevent en impact on the manufacturing cost due to the design and construction effor~ tha~ is necess~ily involved. Special desi~n problems are generated In this connec~ion by rotor blades, which tend to ice up because they move, unlike fixod components of the wind turbine, and for this reason the transitions between fixed and movin~ parts of ~hc wind turbine must, as a matterof necessi ty, be given consideration durinçl the design phase with sufficient eXperTise and attention to safety a~pecTs.
The purpo~~e of Ihe present invention is to provide a me~hod for preventing the adverse ef1'ec~s resulting from ice forma~ion on ro~or blades, by means of a design That is as simple a6 possible, and thus cost-efficient, while et the same tirne effective, Zl5 well as to create a s~iTable rotor blade implementin~ the invention.
This purpoE:e i~ achleved by the invention in a rotor blade of the a~orementioned typH by channelling ~hrou51h ~he cavities o heat t~_ .s~..r medium that has previously been heated up a litlle~ specifically to appro~ etely + 1~ C to ~ 5~ C.
Ice can form at external temperatures arou nd r- ae~i. na point, e . 9 . between + 2 ~ and -50 C, but only when ~he concer..r~ion of water va~our in the air is corre~pondin~ly high. The ~ tl ,od of the present i..~arition advantageously exploits the fac~ ~hat ice deposited on the rotor blade forms an insula~inçl layer beTween the surface of Ihe blade and the surrounding air. It is therefore poOsible, with relatively littl~ thermal inpu~, ~o warm the iced surface of the relevant blade to such an extent that the ice thaws and falls off ~he rotor blade by itself. The de-icing method of the invention dloes no~ Involve the rotor blade bein~ heated in order TO prevent iceforminla from ~he very ou~set, as descriL.ed in the aforementioned OE-PS-842 330, but in~eadl any ice which has alreadv formed i6 ra...o~ed Ice is forrned on a rotor blade above all at the leadin~ edge, which taces the direcTion ol sweep, and at the outermost blade tip. Thia is why, in the emb~i..le.ll ot the invention, the warmed heat transfcr medium i~ channelled, af~er flowing throu~h a caviTy behind the leadin~ edge and transfer~ thermel ener~ay to the blade walls,. into a nei.Jl.booring cavity, preferen~ially a cavi~y on the trailing edge ~ide of The blade. from whence it is than extracTsd.
If the rotor blades have reinforL~...en~ rib~ running parallel to the longitudinal axis of The blade, thes~ can be utllised especi311y well in order to form channels throu~3h which ~he heat transfer medium can flow, firstly through the leadin~ ed~e eavity, ~here i~ tnansfers its Iherl..al ener~y ro The blade wall and especially thH leadin~
ed~e In order to thaw out any ice which may h~ve formed there. The heat transfermedi~m ~nay s!~bseq!Jently flow th-ough a succ-%sion of other cavities as ~vell before being expolled Of course, inter con. ,ec~ed cavities may also be es~ablished, for example by means of embedded or integrated pipos, connector pipes and similar.
It is particularly advan~ageous to channel ~he hea~ transfer medium firstly into a section of the blade roo~ ~ha~ is connected to a rotor hub, and a~ the rotor blade tip to divert it into the rel~van~ cavlty, namel~,r a chamber on the trailin~ ed~e aide, and back aS~ain to the blade root. This is a vcry simple meshod for e~nsuring cTrculation of the heaI uan~ter medium within the rotor blade. The air wi~hin ~he rotor blade rnay be usl3d as a heat transfer medium. ~owever, it is also conceivablo to have rotor blades containin~ 5pecial ga~e~ or vapours with ~,ociric proF~ . ~s ths~ are more apt for this putpose than air, for example which can rslea~e condensation hea~ in temperature rangos in which there is a risk of ice fo..,.alion, in ordor to reduce the ener~y requlfL..,ent for a necessary warming of the hea~ ~ran~fer medium circulating in the rotor blade. A nc~n-electrically conductive hea~ ~ransfer medium such as air has a~di~iGual benefits with ra~ecl to li5~hTning prolec~ion for Ihe wind ~urbine, as opposed to ele~ l heaTin~ u5in9 resi~tance wires, for example.
In order to warm up the hea~ far medium aS~ain after it has exited the final cavity, the chamber behind the trailing ed9e of the rotor blade, and to re-channel it back into ths fir~ cavi~y, ~he chamber behind the leadin~ ed~e, eloctric~l fans as well as he~cin~ element~ ~r,_n~aad in the flow path of the heat transfer medium may be used to ;3~ner~-te and m~in~-in the circulation of the heat transfer medium withi the rotor blade.
Since the fana and any heating elements int~l3rated into the fans a-o loca~ed a~ ~he root end of the ro~or blade, thev are advanta~ou~lly positioned close ~o Ihe axia of rotation and therefore ro~ate at a lower sv~ept speed, wi~h the re~ul~ tha~ s~allc and dynan~ic irnpair",cnt arising fro m the in~tallation of the fans and ~he heatingelements are practically negli_-L 1~. In particulat, this produces ~he advan~age ~ha~
rotor blade~ already designed and constructeo and which heve been ~ried snd tested in the field do no~ have to be adapted si~nificanlly in terms of their deaign in order ~o make use of th~ de-icing method of the r~re~enl invention. Cloctrical fans and healing elements with suitably low power requlrements, and which are fully adequate for maintaining the eirculAtion of ~he wermsd air through the cav;ties or chambers within the rotor blado. are small in size end are avalleble es geries-produced parts.
Similarly, the electrical wirin~ for the cle~l,;cal fans and heating elements installed in the ro~or blade are simple to impl~m~nr. The amount of elecrrical oner~y required is relatively small.
In order that de-icing occur au~omaticall~r when ice forms on the rotor blade~ of the ~ind ~urbine. a develGr,~,~,e.,- of ~he ms~hod of the present invention enables vibra~ions ,du~ to unbalanced massos arlsing from Ice formation on ~he ro~or blades during wind turbine operelion ~o be detected by measurin~ equipment and converted into a ~wi~ching signal to stop the ro~or of Ihe wind turbine and to start up the circ~llation of the heat transfer medium in the rotor blad0s and ~he relevant heatin~ elem~nts where ~FF~Ic~ble, such that after clrculation and ~he l.aatil.~elernents hiave o~,or~t-,~ for a certain predLt~,r... ~ed period, ~he wind tutbine i5 restarted and ~hat these staps ar~ repeated as often as necessPry until Ihe windturbino is able, as a result of de-icinEI, to o~t~c~alu without viLr.-tions.
Measures may be taken so that 1he outside temperature, the temperature of ~he heat transfor medium, the rotor speed, the wind spood and vibrations are rneasured and d~tect~d usin~ appropriate sensor~ and proc~sse' in a pro9ram-con~rolls~
automatic ~;ystem to ~onorat~ switchin~ si~nals that initiato and control a de-icing process .
A rotor blacie sui~able for ;mple .,~ ll;ny the ...etl-od of ~he present invention, for which sa"a,d~e patent pro~e_~lGn It~ clai.,.ed and whlch has inter-connoc~ed cavi~ies, is char~ elissd by havinl3 a means for introducin~3 a hea~ uansfer medium inTo a~
leas~ one cavi~y on The leading edge side of the rotor blade cont~i..ed in the blade root sec~iom, which may be connected to a rotor hub, and that there are flow channels irl ~he tinal part of the chambers at the rotor tip side which connect nei~hbouring cavititts and through which the heat transfer medium can flow.
In a ro~or blade embodying the invention, the cavities may be so formed that a space insicle the rotor blade and enclosed by the blade walls is divided into ch~rnbers by e~ least one reintorcement rlb running parallel to the longitudinal axis of ~he blade. with at least one chamber on the leodin~ ed~e sido and one chamberon The ~ralling edge side.
The connecting flow channele may be simple openin~s in the reinforcement ribs separating the cavities and/or chambers. If the heat~ransfer medium is In~roducs~
In~o ~he chamber on the leadin~ edl3s ~ide of ~h- root sec~ion of the rotor blade, the medium flows throuçlh ~ho leadin~ edlae che."bcr towerds the end section at the ro~or ~Ip, from whence it cross~s over into ~he nei~hbouring chamber",. ~,ferentially ~h~s chamber on the trailinE1 edS~e ~ide, in which it can then flow ba~k, for example, to the root section of the ro~or blade.
1~ jS alBO possible, of course, to form the ~low chennels in the rotor bl~de in the blade tip area in such a way that the heat transfer rnodium circulaTe~ Throu~hou~
~he entire ~~nd soction of the rotor blede interior at the rotor tip.
The means for introducing a heaT transfer medium comprise at least an electricalfan with imr-~int~d heatin~3 ~le...ents, whereby the suction side of e0ch fan adjoins a final cavilty in the circulation flow, the trailin5~ edpe chamber, and the presRure side of each fan adJoins the first caviTy, namely ~he leadinla ed~e chamber.
Electric;al fans with inteSIrated heatin~ elem~nt5 c3n be advant~3eously of suchsmall size that They can be mounted without problerns, also In a multiple altLn~e...ent, in ths inTsrior of a ro~or blade, nsmely in ~he root section. The output of e~ven thel smallesl ~lec~-ical fJn~ should be sur1.eien~ to iniTiaTe and maintain a circulation of air throu~h the caYities in the rotor blade. Simple resistance heaters with heating coils or similar tnay be used as healin~ ol~s.oorit5 intoEIrated in each fan. Shouldl it transpire that the o~Jtput of an ele_~.ical fan with heatin~ elemenes is not suffici~nt, s~vefal suitably low-sized fan6, oach with into~ral~sd hoating elements, rnay be con~bined in a sin~le assembly unit so that the ousput levels of the fans so~FI~ nant each other.
In order to l~nsuro op~lmsl circ~'etion throughout the interior of the rotor blade, the end of the leadin~ ed~e cavi~y ei~ua~ed al the root end of the rotor blade can be sealed off by means of a sealing cover from the inslde space that o~en6 into thetrailin6 ed~e cavi~.
The sealin~l cover may be used to special advanta~e as a rnount fot the electrical fans with heatinl3 elements, o~/ havin~ at least opening into which ~ shaft section with integratod f~n is fitted.
Each shafT ~ec~ion i- fitted into a hole in the sealin9 cover in such 8 wsy thst it is sloped towards the leading edge and protr-ldes inTo the leadln5~ edge chsmber. The air flo~lv ~cner~ed when the fan is op~retinç,~ is ~hus directed towards the leading ed~e and ia located at an advan~3~eous distance from the root section of the rotor blad~, Thu~, proventing unwanted ~,varmin~ during de-icing. Tubing, for example,could be u~ed a~ shaft elements.
I lea~ losses can be furth~r reduced by fittin~ insulating material betweon tho inside of the blade root and the blad~ adapter for cGr".eclin~ the blade to the rotor hub.
~his in~erior cladding may be, for e~ample, a foam sheet specially moulded to fit into ~he root end of the rotor blade and whieh ~t~nds roughly parallel to the sealin~
cover.
If ~he sealing cover is ~imilsrly constructed of insulating ma~erisl, Ihe inside space on the suction side of the fan is insulated to a considerable e~tent.
An embodilment of the ;..~.,.li...- illustrating additiGnsl features of th~ invention is shown in the drawin~s. These show:
Fig. 1 a lon~itudinal ~ec~ion of ths root area of The rotor blade Fig. 2 a cross s6_tional view of a rotor blade along the line ll-ll in Figure 1 Fjg, 3 a cross-sectional vie~v of the rolor blado alon~ the line 111-111 in fi~ure 1 and FiEI. 4 a circ~it diagram fot an automa~ic system to control the de-icinl3 ~,rocass.
Figure 1 shows the lo ~ver part of a rotor blade, i~8 root soction, in a schematic longi~udinal ssction. ~rrow I i..r 9t4~ the incid~ wind J;,~-tion, and thus points to the leading ed~e 2 of the rotor blade. The tralling edSIe is marked with the numeral 3.
The roTor blade is connected to a rotor hub (not shown in the diagram) by means of a blade adapter 4, to which the blade root is attached A foam sheet 5 is insert~d between the blade root and the blade adapter 4.
The rotor bl~de is hollow, and tho inside space 7 cnclo~s1 by tho outer blade walls ~3 is divided by at lea6t one rdinforce.,.ent rib 8 (plus 8a, 8b where relevant~
runninE~ parallel to the longitudinal axis of The blade into chambers, compri~in~ at least one :hamber 9 situated behind ~he loadin~3 ed~e of the blade and one chamber 10 situated behind the trailin~ edl3e of the blade. The reinforcement rlb 8a ends shortl~r before tho rotor blado tip 1 1. Arrow 12 Indica~e6 th~ presence of a connectOr channel located near the blade tip 11, loadin~ from the leading edgs chamber 9 to the trailing edge chamber 10.
The end of the leadin~3 ed~3e chambHr 9 situated Tn the root section ot the rotor blado, as well as, in this embodiment, the ncigl .Louring chamber situatod betwoen the reinforcement ribs 8 and 8a ~which chamber pe, rGr,.,~ no function~, ate sealed off by means of a sealin~ cover 13 from the inside spece 7 open to the trailing edge chamber 1 0 .
The sealin~ cover ~orves a~ fl mount fot shaft soctions 14, 15, which ~lope ~oward~ ~he leading edge 2 and which protrude into the leadin~ edge chamber 9.
Each shatt ~ection contains a fan 1~ and 1 ~i' with an integrated heating olemem.
Numeral 1 J referQ ~che.l.atically to the wiring for supplying the fan and the heaTin9 elHments ~~Jith sle .,ici.~,n Fi~ure 3 shows a cro~is-sectional view of the root section of the rotor blade along the line 111-1111 in Figure 1. Tho same components are marked again with the same numerals.
Fi~ure 2 ~hows a cross-sectional view of tllo rotor blade ~lon~ the line 11-11 in Fi~ure 1 . The same compc...ents are mariced with the san e nu~ner~ls as in Figure 1.
Figure 3 shows clearly that the sesling cover 13 ~erves as the moun~ for a total of four shaft olen.~nl~ 14, 15 ~and 1~', 15' where relevan~. The shafT elemenrs 14,15 end 14', 15' containing the fms are fitted into a mount inQert 18, which in turn can be flush-fitted as a unit into a corres~,ondin~3 oponinEI 19 in the sealing cover 13, which serves as a holder for the mount insert 18.
Figure 4 shows a schematic circuit dia~ram for an embodiment of e control systemfor controlling the de iciny of three rotor blades of a wind turbine. E~ch rotor blade 19, 20 ancl 21 ib repres~n~ed by a rectan~ular field bordered by broken lines and co-responcls in its embodimen~ to a rotor blade pursuant to Figures 1 to 3. Eachrotor ~l~de cont~ins s~ns~rs 22, 23 and 24, where relevant, for rneasuring the ~e,.,p~ tule of a heat transfer medium. Similarly, each rotor blade 19, 20 and 21 contains electrical fans 25, 26 and 27 (corrHspondin~ to f~n5 1 ff ~nd 1 fi' in Fig. 1), each of v~l~hich contains the associeted heatin~ element 28, 29 and 30 in a combined unit, wheroby the unitb form a meanb for introducin~ a heat transfer medium into the leadin~ edge chamber of the respective rotor blade, the te" ,p~r~ture of which medium Ib meaeured wi~h ~snser~ 2Z, 23 and Z4 respectively. Measurement of the ~emperature of the hea~ ~ransfer msdium usin~
sensors 22, 23 and ;24 se~vOs ~o monitor the functional o~er~liGn of fanb 25, 26, 27, of healting elements 28, 29 and 30, a~ well es to protect the rotor blades against overheatinE~-Temperatures areenquired byme~snsof apro~ coi,~,ol'ed automa~ic system 31.rhe progralm-controlled automaric sysrem al~o measures ~he ou~side ~emperature with sensor 32, the wind speed wirh sensor 33, the rotor speed with sensor 34 and vibrations buch as ~owsr oscillations with sensor 35.
As soon a!s the wind speed is sufficicnt for operating the turbine and the outside tempera~ure is within e range where Ice may form on the roTor bladeb, ~he unir comprislns~ the heatin~ elcments ~nd fans in eaCh rotor blade are activated by the autom0lic control system. After a cer~aln interval, the ~,vind turbine is started. If there is an iimbalance in the rotor due lo uneven ice formation on the rotor bl~ad~s, ~he resultant vibration i5 detected when the rotor is turnin~ by measuring th~ tower oscillations, at which the turbine i~ switched off and the cie-icin~ o~ the ro~or blsdes is repeated when the rotor has ~t~FF~Fi-
Claims (19)
1. A method for de-icing a rotor blade of a wind-driven power station, the method comprising:
causing a heat transfer medium to flow through a first cavity extending along a leading edge of the rotor blade and to transfer heat to regions of a wall of the rotor blade;
subsequently directing the heat-transfer medium into a second cavity extending along a trailing edge of the rotor blade; and, conveying the heat transfer medium out of the second cavity.
causing a heat transfer medium to flow through a first cavity extending along a leading edge of the rotor blade and to transfer heat to regions of a wall of the rotor blade;
subsequently directing the heat-transfer medium into a second cavity extending along a trailing edge of the rotor blade; and, conveying the heat transfer medium out of the second cavity.
2. A method according to claim 1 comprising heating the heat transfer medium before causing the heat transfer medium to flow through the first cavity.
3. A method according to any one of claims 1 and 2 wherein:
the heat-transfer medium is introduced into the first cavity in a root region of the rotor blade which is connected to a rotor hub;
the heat transfer medium is directed into the second cavity in the vicinity of a tip of the rotor blade; and, the heat transfer medium is conveyed to the root region after being directed into the second cavity.
the heat-transfer medium is introduced into the first cavity in a root region of the rotor blade which is connected to a rotor hub;
the heat transfer medium is directed into the second cavity in the vicinity of a tip of the rotor blade; and, the heat transfer medium is conveyed to the root region after being directed into the second cavity.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the heat transfer medium comprises air.
5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising heating the heat transfer medium after it has flowed out of the second cavity and then re-introducing the heated heat transfer medium into the first cavity.
6. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 comprising operating one or more electric fans to circulate the heat transfer medium through the first and second cavities.
7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 comprising operating one or more electric fans to circulate the heat transfer medium through the first and second cavities and operating heating elements arranged in a flow of the heat transfer medium to heat the heat-transfer medium.
8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprising:
detecting vibrations resulting from unbalances caused by ice forming on the rotor blades when the wind-driven power station is running;
when the vibrations are detected generating a switch signal;
in response to the switch signal, stopping the rotor of the wind-driven power station and activating circulation of the heat-transfer medium in the rotor blade; and, restarting the rotor of the wind-driven power station after the circulation has been activated for a predetermined time.
detecting vibrations resulting from unbalances caused by ice forming on the rotor blades when the wind-driven power station is running;
when the vibrations are detected generating a switch signal;
in response to the switch signal, stopping the rotor of the wind-driven power station and activating circulation of the heat-transfer medium in the rotor blade; and, restarting the rotor of the wind-driven power station after the circulation has been activated for a predetermined time.
9. A method according to claim 8 comprising activating one or more heating elements in response to the switch signal.
10. A method according to any one of claims 8 and 9 comprising detecting an external temperature, a temperature of the heat-transfer medium, a rotor speed, a wind speed and the vibrations by way of appropriate sensors and processing signals from the appropriate sensors in an automatic program-controlled system to produce the switch signal.
11. A rotor blade for a wind-driven power station, the rotor blade having an interior partition extending substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the rotor blade to provide a first chamber formed along a leading edge of the rotor blade and a second chamber formed along a trailing edge of the rotor blade wherein the first and second chambers are connected by a connection through which a heat-transfer medium can flow.
12. A rotor blade according to claim 11 wherein the connection is located in a vicinity of a tip of the rotor blade.
13. A rotor blade according to any one of claims 11 and 12 wherein a root region of the rotor blade which may be connected to a rotor hub, comprises means for introducing a heat-transfer medium into at least the first chamber.
14. A rotor blade according to claim 13 wherein the means for introducing a heat-transfer medium comprises at least one electric fan and one or more integrated heating elements wherein an inlet side of each fan is connected to the second chamber and an outlet side of each fan is connected to the first chamber.
15. A rotor blade according to any one of claims 11 to 14 comprising a sealing cover disposed to seal an end of the first chamber facing a root region of the rotor blade with respect to an interior space opening into the second chamber.
16. A rotor blade according to claim 15, wherein the sealing cover has at least one opening in which there is arranged a shaft part having, received therein, fans and heating elements.
17. A rotor blade according to claim 16, wherein the shaft part is inclined toward the leading edge of the rotor blade and projects into the first chamber.
18. A rotor blade according to any one of claims 11 to 17, comprising an insulating interior lining provided in a transition region between a root-region end of the rotor blade and a blade adaptor which connects the rotor blade to a rotor hub.
19. A rotor blade according to Claim 18 wherein the interior lining comprises a foam plate which is received in form-fitting manner in the root-region end of the rotor blade and is approximately parallel to the sealing cover.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19528862.9 | 1995-08-05 | ||
| DE19528862A DE19528862A1 (en) | 1995-08-05 | 1995-08-05 | Process for de-icing a rotor blade of a wind turbine and rotor blade suitable for carrying out the process |
| PCT/EP1996/003448 WO1997006367A1 (en) | 1995-08-05 | 1996-08-05 | Process for de-icing the rotor blades of a wind driven power station |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2228145A1 CA2228145A1 (en) | 1997-02-20 |
| CA2228145C true CA2228145C (en) | 2003-11-04 |
Family
ID=7768819
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002228145A Expired - Lifetime CA2228145C (en) | 1995-08-05 | 1996-08-05 | Process for de-icing the rotor blades of a wind driven power station |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0842360B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE198370T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2228145C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ290579B6 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19528862A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0842360T3 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO322750B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997006367A1 (en) |
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| JP6101144B2 (en) | 2013-05-09 | 2017-03-22 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Windmill blade, its deicing device, and deicing method |
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| DE842330C (en) * | 1949-01-01 | 1952-06-26 | Helmut Dipl-Ing Voigt | Wind power plant |
| DE1281270B (en) * | 1966-04-12 | 1968-10-24 | Dowty Rotol Ltd | Combined de-icing and pressurized fluid cooling device for a blade rotor |
| US4741499A (en) * | 1984-12-31 | 1988-05-03 | The Boeing Company | Anti-icing system for aircraft |
| JPS62271902A (en) * | 1986-01-20 | 1987-11-26 | Hitachi Ltd | Cooled blade for gas turbine |
| EP0494226B1 (en) * | 1989-09-21 | 1995-07-19 | Rosemount Inc. | Adaptive ice detector circuit |
| EP0475658A1 (en) * | 1990-09-06 | 1992-03-18 | General Electric Company | Turbine blade airfoil with serial impingement cooling through internal cavity-forming ribs |
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- 1995-08-05 DE DE19528862A patent/DE19528862A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 1996-08-05 CA CA002228145A patent/CA2228145C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-05 CZ CZ1998314A patent/CZ290579B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-08-05 EP EP96927682A patent/EP0842360B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-05 DK DK96927682T patent/DK0842360T3/en active
- 1996-08-05 WO PCT/EP1996/003448 patent/WO1997006367A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-08-05 DE DE59606258T patent/DE59606258D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-05 AT AT96927682T patent/ATE198370T1/en active
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1998
- 1998-02-04 NO NO19980487A patent/NO322750B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7217091B2 (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2007-05-15 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatus for deicing airfoils or rotor blades |
| CN101029624B (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2016-05-11 | 通用电气公司 | For the rotor of wind energy turbine and for controlling the method for internal temperature of rotor hub |
| CN103080538A (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2013-05-01 | 乌本产权有限公司 | Method for the operation of a wind turbine |
| CN103080538B (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2016-01-27 | 乌本产权有限公司 | For running the method for wind energy plant |
| WO2013107457A1 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2013-07-25 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Method of de-icing a wind turbine blade |
| US9828972B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2017-11-28 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Method of de-icing a wind turbine blade |
| CN104995403A (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2015-10-21 | 宏牛加热元件有限及两合公司 | Rotor blade of a wind turbine |
| CN104995403B (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2019-01-15 | 宏牛加热元件有限及两合公司 | The rotor blade of wind power station |
| US11236733B2 (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2022-02-01 | General Electric Company | Heating system and method for a jointed wind rotor turbine blade |
| US11708817B2 (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2023-07-25 | General Electric Company | Heating system and method for a jointed wind rotor turbine blade |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19528862A1 (en) | 1997-02-06 |
| DE59606258D1 (en) | 2001-02-01 |
| WO1997006367A1 (en) | 1997-02-20 |
| EP0842360A1 (en) | 1998-05-20 |
| CA2228145A1 (en) | 1997-02-20 |
| DK0842360T3 (en) | 2001-03-19 |
| EP0842360B1 (en) | 2000-12-27 |
| ATE198370T1 (en) | 2001-01-15 |
| CZ31498A3 (en) | 1998-07-15 |
| NO322750B1 (en) | 2006-12-04 |
| CZ290579B6 (en) | 2002-08-14 |
| NO980487L (en) | 1998-02-04 |
| NO980487D0 (en) | 1998-02-04 |
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