CA2212241A1 - Composition for combatting nuisance caused by garbage in garbage containers and use of the composition - Google Patents
Composition for combatting nuisance caused by garbage in garbage containers and use of the compositionInfo
- Publication number
- CA2212241A1 CA2212241A1 CA 2212241 CA2212241A CA2212241A1 CA 2212241 A1 CA2212241 A1 CA 2212241A1 CA 2212241 CA2212241 CA 2212241 CA 2212241 A CA2212241 A CA 2212241A CA 2212241 A1 CA2212241 A1 CA 2212241A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- hypochlorite
- composition according
- composition
- substance
- granulates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
- B65F7/00—Cleaning or disinfecting devices combined with refuse receptacles or refuse vehicles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/01—Deodorant compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
- A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
- A61L9/046—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating with the help of a non-organic compound
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/046—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium containing halogens, e.g. halides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/14—Diatomaceous earth
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3078—Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/46—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic and organic materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Refuse Receptacles (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
A composition for combating bad smell emitted from garbage containers comprises water insoluble granulates having large inner surface and capable of absorbing moisture due to strong capillary effect, and one or more hypochlorite compounds. The granulates may consist of granulated fossil diatomaceous earth which has been specially treated at very high temperature, and the hypochlorite compound may be an alkali metal hypochlorite or an alkaline earth metal hypochlorite. For combating insect activity in and around garbage containers in addition to combating bad smell emitted therefrom the composition further comprises a substance which in combination with hypochlorite exerts a strong insect repellent effect. Use of the composition in garbage containers is also claimed.
Description
WO97/25137 PCT~097/00002-COM~OSl~ON~ORCOM~A~GNUISANC~CAUSEDBYGARBAGE~ GARBAGECONTAIN-ERSANDUSEOFTHECO~O~ ~N
Field o~ e-LLlon The i~v~nLion relates to comhating llnpl~c~nt smell emitted from y~ L~y~ con~Tn~rs. More par~io~ r}y, the ~nven-tion relates to a composition for addition to .J~.h...J~
5 cont~Tn~rs for C~aLlng ~ .YTous odour emittPd therefrom and ~or t_ _srarily ~ n~ the bacterial activity in the ~h~D
an~ thereby the putrefaction o~ putrPf T Rhl ~ COmpG~ L-: O~ the gar~age. The invsntion f~lLl~e~ relates to an ~mhodiment of said _ ~tlon which addit~ Y is eLLe~Llve in very 5ig-~o n~f~ant7y reA~ n~ or eliminating the spr~ n~ of infectiOUSmi~ y~isms from garbage cont~n~rs through insect~.
The t~hn~ l ba~,u ~-ld The t~Ohr~ 1 1 i L~ ~Lu-~ contains little of interest ~5 ~or ~olv~ng the prDblem which the ~ ~Y~l L i~.v~,Llon .
ALL~L~ have previous~y been made with addition of ~recT~l composting ~L~l,a and/or various ~h~mT~ to ~rh~g~ con-i n~rS by means o~ sprtn~~ ysL . F~Lhel, various ' ~n;~ solutio~ns have been L~L~d, like ~ool~ng of the zo gar~age, use of Q~l,nt~l fan systems for driving off bad ~mell, and use of tight .J,~ e con~tn~ s '~ with - ~n~nl air pur~ f ~tion f;ilters. II~A~v~, none of these d LL~..~L' at so7ving the problem which ,., -e ,c combating ~ad smell emitted from garbage cont~ rs have ~i no~ y~e~l zs a_~L~-~, be it lh~n~-~e~ they were too ~Yp~n~ive, too complicated or did not r- ~ the ~ 4~-' y reguirements to the degr~ee of eff~ n~.y of the solution, Obtects ,of the ~vl--.Llon It is an ob~ect of the i,.v~.iLlon to provide a ~ I"J/~t~on for combating nl..~_~ous odour emitted from garbzge cont~in~rs, the co~nposition having to be envi ~-~.L~lly ac-cepta~le, cheap ~ !..JI~ to be of i-,Le _~L to the consumers, ~t ~1~ tl~ ~ Gd~e and very ct _ 1~ to use. The _ , 'tio~
35 should ~ff~ nt~ntly combat the ~mt Qcton of ~ O-lc gases from garhage con~ t n~s and chnll 1~ not have the ~f~ n~ ~nni ~c suf-fered by previous .Ittempts at solving this pro~lem. According to one e~odiment of the composition of the present i.-v~.lLlon it shoulll in addit:ion ef f i ~; ~nt7 y combat insect activity in or SlJes;~ JTE SHEET (RULE 26) CA 022l224l l997-08-Ol WO 97/25137 PC~T/N0~7/00002 around garbage cont~;ne~s.
Brief descriPtion of the invention The above-mentioned objects are fulfilled according 5 to the invention by a composition for combating bad smell from garbage containers, the composition being charac~erized therein that it comprises water insoluble granulates having large inner surface and being capable of absorbing moisture due to strong capillary effect, and one or more hypochlorite o compounds. According to an embodiment of the present composition it additionally comprises a substance which in combination with the hypochlorite compound acts as a strong repellant to insects.
As granulates granulated fossil diatomaceous earth is 5 preferably used which has been subjected to special treatment at very high temperature such that the inner surface of the granulates is very large. The heat treatment may for example have been carried out at about 1350 ~C.
The size of the granulates is preferably 0.5-3 mm, 20 e.g. 1-3 mm, and these specially treated granulates of diatomaceous earth do not form lumps upon contact with mois-ture, and they have a ~uite enormous inner surface making them capable of sucking up as much as 126 % moisture based on the weight of the granulates per se. Moreover, such granulates are 25 very cheap. A suita~le type of granulate for the composition according to the invention is sold under the trade mark "Absodan".
As hypochlorite compounds alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal hypochlorites are preferably used, in 30 particular sodium hypochlorite in a~ueous solution or solid calcium hypochlorite, preferably granulated.
Sodium hypochlorite in a~ueous solution is stabl~ so that there is no risk of unintentional spontaneous reactions when using such sodium hypochlorite solutions, and, moreover, 35 such solutions are very cheap which, of course, is of essen-tial importance to the user.
Also calcium hypochlorite is sufficiently stable for the ob;ects according to the invention and, moreover, is a cheap chemical.
WO 97125137 PCT/N09'7fO0002 As repell2mt (= insect repellent substance) naphthalene in the form of a powder or in the dissolved state is a suitable active compound to use in combination with the hypochlorite compounds mentioned above. Separately none of the 5 compounds exhibits the desired insect repellent properties to a sufficient degree. The same may be said about the following organic subst~ncQs which are examples of insect repellent substances which can be used in the present composition:
a) Camphor in the form of c~mphor oil (The o Merck Index, Centennial edition 1989, substance No. 1738). The substance may be dissolved in a solvent, e.g. fat prior to the addition. One may also use it in the ~orm of white CA ,~hor oil.
5 b) Citronella oil (aromatic oils with marked lemon fragrance).
c) Dissolved pine resin (This substance gives a very pl~!asant fragrance and functicns well in the intended -nn~r. It makes the addition c>f a separate fragrant substance, like e.g. pine needle oil, superfluous).
d) Citric acid dissolved in water. (Slightly weaker effect than the other mentioned substances in the same conc~ntration~
however, c:heaper).
Of the substAnc~s narrated above pine resin appears to be the overall blest and ch~-~p~t alternative. These alter-native substAnr~ miay be used as complete or part substitution for naphthalene in the present compositions and also in 30 approximately the s'ame concentrations by weight as naphthalene.
Detailed descri~tion of the invention with best embodiment Investigat;~ons made by the inventors of the invention r 35 Cl~; S~ h~erein showed that a significant part of the problem of ~hnox;ou~ odour connected with garbage contA;ners is due to fly larvae. They give off an intense and very nauseating smell which often drowns ~he actual odour from the garbage.
Moreover, insect activity in and around garbage contA;~e~s CA 022l224l 1997-os-ol WO97t25137 PCT~097/00002-represents a considerable danger for the spr~R~;~g of infec-tious microorganisms from the containers. Because flies are primarily attracted by the gases produced by the putrefaction process in the garbage, it was according to the invention 5 aimed at reducing the activity of putrefaction bacteria in the garbage and thereby the development of gas therefrom. However, because the further degradation of garbage stored in con-tA; n~s after emptying fre~uently takes place at land deposits and not in combustion furnaces reduction of the bacterial o activity would preferably have to be temporary in order to prevent the putrefaction from r - ; ng to a halt at land deposits. It was a further requirement that the composition according to the invention should not unacceptably burden the environment.
Trickle of moisture from garbage in a contRine~ also represents a su~stantial problem. A significant portion of this trickle is accumulated in the cont~;~ers, and b~cteria are thriving very well in such trickle. Accordingly, it was found to be of essential ; ,,olLallce to be able to absorb the 20 trickle of moisture in order to prevent a too strong bacterial growth.
The compositions according to the invention meet the above requi~ nts to efficient compositions for combating insect activity and ohnoX;ous odour emitted from garbage con-25 tR; ~S by being capable of absorbing large amounts of mois-ture per unit volume. Further, the composition may take part in/activate reactions which modify obnoxious gases, and it can temporarily reduce the bacterial activity in the garbage.
Moreover, the combined effect of insect repellent substance 30 and hypochlorite compounds provides the composition with outstRn~;n~ insect repellent property. Environmentally the composition is completely acceptable and it is a cheap composition. Further, the composition is simple to produce and simple to use.
The two main compositions according to the present invention, i.e. specially treated dia~ ous earth granulates together with an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution or together with solid calcium hypochlorite, optionally with insect repellent substance, may be used in W~ 97/25137 PCT/NO97/00002 -highly varying amounts with respect to the amount of garbage, and in each case the consumption will be determ;nPA by the least amount, with respect to the amount of garbage, which gives a significant, reduction of the ohnox;ous odour emitted 5 and inseat activity.
Experiments have shown that suitable amounts of diato-~c~ous earth granulates and ca7cium hypochlorite for treatmenl of refuse or garbage of average composition from householcls in a large garbage cont~;ne~ which may have a o volume varying from 2 to 1~ m3, e.g. 11-15 m3 ~ are 1-6 liters of diatomaaeous earth granulates, more normally 2-3 liters, per container and 15-20 g calcium hypochlorite and, optional-ly, 1-2 g insect repellant per liter diatomaceous earth granulates, e.g. when using 3 liters of diato-~eous earth 15 granulates in a large garbage cont~in~r 45-60 g calcium hypochlorite and, optionally, 3-6 g insect repellant will nor-mally be added. However, the tolerable limits are astonishingly wide, and because higher temperatures lead to the active components b~n~; n~ more easily ~nmpnsed, this 20 formulation covers all normal cases and requirements within a broad spectrum. The practical use of a such composition for combating insect ac:tivity and ~h~oX; OUS odour is to spread the mixture of diatomac:eous earth granulates, insect repellant and calcium hypochlorit:e across the bottom of a cont~; n~.r when the Z5 latter is empty.
If an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution is used together with the specially treated diatn~Pous earth granulates, a normal addition of sodium hypochlorite solution will be 0.1-0.2 lit;ers of 10-15 ~ sodium hypochlorite solution 30 per liter of specially treated diatomaceous earth granulates.
Again the tolerable limits are wide, and for each case the necessary amount of the composition for combating insect ac-tivity and ohnoxious odour which must be added to garbage cont~;ne~s in order to reduce or completely stop the emission 35 of obnoxious odour and repel insects will vary with the com-position of the garbage and with the amount of garbage in the cont~;ne~-. However, a good gui~line for the necessary amount of addition of the composition according to the invention is that it should be within the range of 1-6 liters of granulate WO 97125137 PCT/N097/000~2 for a filled garbage cont~;ne~ having a volume of 2-15 m3. In addition to combating obnoxious odour and repel insects from garbage contA;n~rs it may for some markets also be desirable that the composition according to the invention gives off its 5 own pleasant perfume odour, and for example pine needle odour has been found to be a good masking odour for hypochlorite solutions.
The calcium hypochlorite emboA;-ent of the composition according to the invention is best suited for big o users whereas the sodium hypochlorite embodiment of the composition according to the invention is best suited for com-mon household use. Accordingly, it is advantageous that the sodium hypochlorite variant of the composition according to the invention be packed as consumer unit in closable packages, 5 e.g. in a plastic bottle with wide neck. The user then employs so much of the composition as is re~uired at any time and then closes the package tightly.
None of the two embo~; ?ntS is reactivatable, and because the ~ecomrosition products of the hypochlorites essen-20 tially are calcium chloride respectively sodium chloride, oxygen and water, and as the optionally used insect repellant is not considered harmful for the environment, the compositions according to the invention are also environmentally safe to use.
2s With respect to the active components of the composition according to the invention, i.e. the hypochlorite compound, particularly sodium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite, and the insect repellent substance, e.g.
naphthalene, the required dosage were established through 30 about 250 tests. The dosage limits were partly established bymeans of scraping off bacteria from the contA;ne~ walls and the contA; n~ floors with subsequent counting of cultures in counting chambers, partly by means of direct measurements of the gas develo~ -nt, partly by measuring the activities of the 35 flies about and in the contA;n~rs, and finally by measuring the number of fly larvae upon emptying the cont~;ne~s. All measurements were evaluated in relation to the outside temperatures. Based on these measurements, the product variants were adjusted so that they would optimally fulfil the CA 02212241 1gs7-os-ol requirements which normally will be set to the products.
The composition according to the invention has been tested both in sma]l scale and in large scale. By the test in small scale each ~arbage contA~e~ was provided with fly paper 5 around the op~ni n~ and inside the cont~; n~r for direct measurement of the activity of the ~1ies. The cont~i n~5 were placed so far away from one another that they could not influence one another in any way, and care was taken that there were as e~ual sun/shadow and temperature conditions as lO possible. The composition according to the invention was sprinkled evenly across the bottom of the empty cont~;ne~
before filling it w~ith the garbage.
When using specially treated diatomaceous earth granulates together with sodium hypochlorite solution and naphthalene the fly activity round about the test containers was reduced almost to nil. The bacterial activity was al~o significantly reduced, however, it did not stop completely.
The development of gas was under most conditions reduced by nearly 75 %~ and the gas produced was modified by liberated 20 OCl~-ions,/chlorine :Lons so that the result was a fresh, clean odour emitted from a full cont~in~ as well as an empty con-t~;~.
The combination of granulated calcium hypochlorite, naphthalene and specially treated diats~-~eous earth 25 granulates gave exactly the same results as the combination of specially treated diatom~ous earth granulates, naphthalene and sodium hypochlorite solution. However, the duration of the effect obt~; n~A with granulated calcium hypochlorite was higher (increased by about 40 %). Moreover, at a relatively 30 late stage of the tests it was found that calcium hypochlorite was superior compar~ed with sodium hypochlorite during strong cold. Und~er such conditions the sodium hypochlorite/diatomaceous earth granulates lost much of their effect whereas the calcium hypochlorite variant ret~;n~ its 35 effect substantially ~1n~hAn~ed. This relates to bad smell emitted only, as insect activity under such cold conditions is of course substanti,~lly nil in any respect. On the other hand, ~he sodiwn hypochlorite variant is a cheaper and more simple solution and, moreover, it was easier to add fragrance thereto CA 02212241 1997-os-ol WO97/25137 ~CT/NO97/00002 -for use indoor.
The composition according to the invention has also been tested under more realistic and difficult conditions.
A series of large garbage containers was selected 5 which were directly inflllence~ by sllnqh;ne. The containers were selected because the garbage stench therefrom had caused especially significant problems for a hospital over a number of years. The testing of the compositions was carried out on 36 large garbage collection cont~;ne~s under varying con-ditions. As previously, the composition according to the invention was sprinkled across the bottom of the garbage con-tainers before filling these with garbage.
The result was that as garbage was filled into the cont~; n~s, the cont~; ne~s which previously had been very 15 troublesome did not now emit any stench of garbage at all but instead had a fresh smell of chlorine. At the same time, the insect activity in or near the cont~; n~s was reduced to near nil.~or each single container the dosage of the composition was about 5 liters of diatomaceous earth granulates on the 20 ~ ~ L~l.l of each container in admixture with naphthalene and sodium hypochlorite solution and solid calcium hypochlorite respectively. These two variants seemed to be of equal value in all respects, however, it was found that the calcium hypochlorite variant ret~; n~ its effect longest, particularly 25 during cold conditions, e.g. from O ~C to -25 ~C.
With regard to use ;n~oor in smaller scale, for com-mon households, it became clear that the sodium hypochlorite variant, suitably with added perfume fragrance, was the one which was best suited.
After testing for a couple of months, the hospital could confirm that the composition according to the present invention had solved the problem posed in a very satisfactory manner so that the hospital was now no longer bothered by the stench of garbage from its garbage containers or by insect 35 activity around these.
The composition according to the invention is based on an entirely novel concept for combating nh~ox;ous odour emitted from garbage cont~i n~s, and for reducing insect activity due to a synergistic effect of two of its CA 022l224l lgg7-os-ol ingredients, i.e. an insect repellent substance and a hypo-chlorite, whereby the danger o~ spreading infectious micro-organisms via insects is substantially reduced. Basically, it is composed of a granulate having an unusual ability to suck up the moist medium in which bacteria ~an populate, and a chemical compound, ]hypochlorite, with disinfecting action against the occurring bacteria. The base subst~nce~, i.e. the granulater,, can take up/absorb the reactive chemical compounds without being destructed themselves and without baking together. AccordingLy, the composition according to the inven-tion will also, even in moist condition, have the same proper-ties as a dry powder and, accordingly, may easily be poured from one cont~; n~ :into another. The addition to the basic composition of the :insect repellent substance for effectively 15 combating nuisance caused by insect activity in and around the cont~i~e~s does not alter the free-flowing properties of the composition.
The invention has been illustrated above particularly with reference to the use of sodium hypochlorite solution or zo calcium hypochlorite granulates as the disinfecting chemical compounds present in the composition according to the inven-tion. Accordingly, t;he difference between these two variants is that when the combination of sodium hypochlorite solution and diatomaceous earth granulates is used the product will 25 appear as a homogeneous product of the absorbing diatomaceous earth granulates with an added amount of sodium hypochlorite solution whereas the! product when using the calcium hypochlorite ~".~ounLd instead of the sodium hypochlorite com-pound will be a mixe~d granulate of absorbing base substance 30 and calcium hypochlorite granulate.
In the development of the present invention it was tried to arrive at subst~nc~c~ which in very small amounts would show the property of repelling insects, especially flies. Fly larvae do not only develop an e~Len.aly unpleasant 35 smell. The flies themselves are ef~icient spreaders of infec-tions from garbage to people in large areas of the world, and, accordingly, it would be of great importance if an efficient chemical or substance for preventing such spreading of infec-tions could be found.
, CA 02212241 1997-os-ol After extensive search some substances were found which through interaction with the hypochlorite of the composition according to the present invention exerted what could be considered a synergistic effect with respect to 5 repelling insects from garbage. These substances were camphor oil, citronella oil, pine resins/pine needle oil, naphthalene and citric acid. This list does not claim to be complete and is only illustrative of insect repellent chemicals or substan-ces which may be used in the composition according to the in-o vention and act efficiently through interaction with thehypochlorite therein.
For testing the efficiency of the mentioned substan-ces test series were performed, as follows:
Test boxes consisting of white polyethylene boxes 15 each having a capacity of 5 liters were used. In the boxes several layers of paper towels were placed which had been sprinkled with a bait for attracting insects. For preparing the bait Per se large amounts of garbage which had been left lying relatively long was sprinkled with water. The trickle 20 therefrom was collected in a sufficiently large contA;n~ and well mi x~A. To the trickle some fish refuse and meat refuse after slaughtering were added in order to produce a "best pos-sible" smell. After st~n~;ng for two days at room temperature fish refuse and meat refuse were strained off. The paper 25 towels were sprinkled with the 1- ~; n~ ng very stinking mixture.
The test boxes were arranged with a distance of at least 10 meters from each other at a place which gave the best possible equal conditions, i.e. an open place without 30 appreciable slope.
~ ach of the test boxes was placed upon a pail which had been turned upside down and placed in a cardboard box so that the upper edge of the test boxes flushed with the upper edge of the cardboard box. The latter was of a size rendering 3~ good space for evaporation between the walls of the test box and the walls of the cardboard box. The paper towels which had been sprinkled with the stinking bait were in the test boxes.
The chemicals which should be tested as repellants were scattered alone or in admixture on the bottom of the CA 022l224l l997-08-Ol cardboard boxes. Thlls a cont~;n~ emitting stench ~rom gar-bage was ~-imulated.
The effect of the repellent subst~n~-~ was measured by counting the number of "visits" by insects which in fact 5 took place. A "visi1 by insects" was considered to take place when an insect lande~d on the paper towels which had been sprinkled with the bait per se. The results of the measurements are presented in the table below. In the table column 1 indicates t:he substances tested column 2 indicates 10 the number of grams of the active ingredients used per liter of diatomaceous eart:h and column 3 indicates the number of visits by insects per hour. The column represents an average of several countings randomly chosen from casually chosen periods of hours in the course of casually chosen days.
In column l the letters used have the following mc..~n i rl~
A = diatomaceous earth ("Absodan") only K = ~mrhnr oil C = ci~ronella oil F = pine resin/pine needle oil N = naph-thalene S - citric acid B = standard mixture without repel-20 lant ("Absodan'l+hypochlorite).
Substances used Grams per liter Insect visits per "Absodan" hour A 0 > 390 A+F 2 121 A+K 2 172 A+C 2 115 A+S 2 99 A+N 2 120 B+F 2 3 B+K 2 21 B+C 2 17 ' 35 B+S 2 14 B+N 2 4 It clearly appears from the above table that the ef-CA 022l224l 1997-os-ol fect of the insect repellent substAnce~ tested in combination with the base mixture consisting of the diat~ A~ous earth product "Absodan" plus hypochlorite gave an insect repellent effect which is signi~icantly greater than what could be ex-5 pected from the effect of the insect repellent substance and hypochlorite used alone. This particularly pertains to the combination of diatomaceous earth ("Absodan"), hypochlorite and pine resin/pine needle oil (B~F in the table) and naphthalene (B+N in the table) respectively.
o Accordingly, it has been shown by experiments that a hitherto unknown interaction between hypochlorite and some substances causes a very strong insect repellent effect. Why this combination of substances is so efficient as has been shown is not known. However, it is not very conceivable that 15 the subst~nc~ react with one another and form novel activerepellants when considering that the mixtures seem to be much too stable. It is more probable that the sense organs of the insects react particularly strongly to this combination of chemical substances, to an extent far above the expected total 20 effect based on the effect of each of the subst~n~ used alone.
In carrying out the experiments described above much effort was made to ~l~;n~te the possible presence of variables which might influence the test results. To eliminate 25 these variables care was taken that a) All test boxes contAine~ the same amount of identical "bait".
b) The test boxes were arranged in order to be exposed to as identical surrol]n~; n~ con-ditions as possible, such as temperature, wind, sun irradiation, spre~i ng of stench, etc.
c) The positions of all test boxes were inter-changed at intervals of about one hour.
35 d) The test boxes were placed so ~ar apart that they would not mutually appreciably influence the results obtained.
_
Field o~ e-LLlon The i~v~nLion relates to comhating llnpl~c~nt smell emitted from y~ L~y~ con~Tn~rs. More par~io~ r}y, the ~nven-tion relates to a composition for addition to .J~.h...J~
5 cont~Tn~rs for C~aLlng ~ .YTous odour emittPd therefrom and ~or t_ _srarily ~ n~ the bacterial activity in the ~h~D
an~ thereby the putrefaction o~ putrPf T Rhl ~ COmpG~ L-: O~ the gar~age. The invsntion f~lLl~e~ relates to an ~mhodiment of said _ ~tlon which addit~ Y is eLLe~Llve in very 5ig-~o n~f~ant7y reA~ n~ or eliminating the spr~ n~ of infectiOUSmi~ y~isms from garbage cont~n~rs through insect~.
The t~hn~ l ba~,u ~-ld The t~Ohr~ 1 1 i L~ ~Lu-~ contains little of interest ~5 ~or ~olv~ng the prDblem which the ~ ~Y~l L i~.v~,Llon .
ALL~L~ have previous~y been made with addition of ~recT~l composting ~L~l,a and/or various ~h~mT~ to ~rh~g~ con-i n~rS by means o~ sprtn~~ ysL . F~Lhel, various ' ~n;~ solutio~ns have been L~L~d, like ~ool~ng of the zo gar~age, use of Q~l,nt~l fan systems for driving off bad ~mell, and use of tight .J,~ e con~tn~ s '~ with - ~n~nl air pur~ f ~tion f;ilters. II~A~v~, none of these d LL~..~L' at so7ving the problem which ,., -e ,c combating ~ad smell emitted from garbage cont~ rs have ~i no~ y~e~l zs a_~L~-~, be it lh~n~-~e~ they were too ~Yp~n~ive, too complicated or did not r- ~ the ~ 4~-' y reguirements to the degr~ee of eff~ n~.y of the solution, Obtects ,of the ~vl--.Llon It is an ob~ect of the i,.v~.iLlon to provide a ~ I"J/~t~on for combating nl..~_~ous odour emitted from garbzge cont~in~rs, the co~nposition having to be envi ~-~.L~lly ac-cepta~le, cheap ~ !..JI~ to be of i-,Le _~L to the consumers, ~t ~1~ tl~ ~ Gd~e and very ct _ 1~ to use. The _ , 'tio~
35 should ~ff~ nt~ntly combat the ~mt Qcton of ~ O-lc gases from garhage con~ t n~s and chnll 1~ not have the ~f~ n~ ~nni ~c suf-fered by previous .Ittempts at solving this pro~lem. According to one e~odiment of the composition of the present i.-v~.lLlon it shoulll in addit:ion ef f i ~; ~nt7 y combat insect activity in or SlJes;~ JTE SHEET (RULE 26) CA 022l224l l997-08-Ol WO 97/25137 PC~T/N0~7/00002 around garbage cont~;ne~s.
Brief descriPtion of the invention The above-mentioned objects are fulfilled according 5 to the invention by a composition for combating bad smell from garbage containers, the composition being charac~erized therein that it comprises water insoluble granulates having large inner surface and being capable of absorbing moisture due to strong capillary effect, and one or more hypochlorite o compounds. According to an embodiment of the present composition it additionally comprises a substance which in combination with the hypochlorite compound acts as a strong repellant to insects.
As granulates granulated fossil diatomaceous earth is 5 preferably used which has been subjected to special treatment at very high temperature such that the inner surface of the granulates is very large. The heat treatment may for example have been carried out at about 1350 ~C.
The size of the granulates is preferably 0.5-3 mm, 20 e.g. 1-3 mm, and these specially treated granulates of diatomaceous earth do not form lumps upon contact with mois-ture, and they have a ~uite enormous inner surface making them capable of sucking up as much as 126 % moisture based on the weight of the granulates per se. Moreover, such granulates are 25 very cheap. A suita~le type of granulate for the composition according to the invention is sold under the trade mark "Absodan".
As hypochlorite compounds alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal hypochlorites are preferably used, in 30 particular sodium hypochlorite in a~ueous solution or solid calcium hypochlorite, preferably granulated.
Sodium hypochlorite in a~ueous solution is stabl~ so that there is no risk of unintentional spontaneous reactions when using such sodium hypochlorite solutions, and, moreover, 35 such solutions are very cheap which, of course, is of essen-tial importance to the user.
Also calcium hypochlorite is sufficiently stable for the ob;ects according to the invention and, moreover, is a cheap chemical.
WO 97125137 PCT/N09'7fO0002 As repell2mt (= insect repellent substance) naphthalene in the form of a powder or in the dissolved state is a suitable active compound to use in combination with the hypochlorite compounds mentioned above. Separately none of the 5 compounds exhibits the desired insect repellent properties to a sufficient degree. The same may be said about the following organic subst~ncQs which are examples of insect repellent substances which can be used in the present composition:
a) Camphor in the form of c~mphor oil (The o Merck Index, Centennial edition 1989, substance No. 1738). The substance may be dissolved in a solvent, e.g. fat prior to the addition. One may also use it in the ~orm of white CA ,~hor oil.
5 b) Citronella oil (aromatic oils with marked lemon fragrance).
c) Dissolved pine resin (This substance gives a very pl~!asant fragrance and functicns well in the intended -nn~r. It makes the addition c>f a separate fragrant substance, like e.g. pine needle oil, superfluous).
d) Citric acid dissolved in water. (Slightly weaker effect than the other mentioned substances in the same conc~ntration~
however, c:heaper).
Of the substAnc~s narrated above pine resin appears to be the overall blest and ch~-~p~t alternative. These alter-native substAnr~ miay be used as complete or part substitution for naphthalene in the present compositions and also in 30 approximately the s'ame concentrations by weight as naphthalene.
Detailed descri~tion of the invention with best embodiment Investigat;~ons made by the inventors of the invention r 35 Cl~; S~ h~erein showed that a significant part of the problem of ~hnox;ou~ odour connected with garbage contA;ners is due to fly larvae. They give off an intense and very nauseating smell which often drowns ~he actual odour from the garbage.
Moreover, insect activity in and around garbage contA;~e~s CA 022l224l 1997-os-ol WO97t25137 PCT~097/00002-represents a considerable danger for the spr~R~;~g of infec-tious microorganisms from the containers. Because flies are primarily attracted by the gases produced by the putrefaction process in the garbage, it was according to the invention 5 aimed at reducing the activity of putrefaction bacteria in the garbage and thereby the development of gas therefrom. However, because the further degradation of garbage stored in con-tA; n~s after emptying fre~uently takes place at land deposits and not in combustion furnaces reduction of the bacterial o activity would preferably have to be temporary in order to prevent the putrefaction from r - ; ng to a halt at land deposits. It was a further requirement that the composition according to the invention should not unacceptably burden the environment.
Trickle of moisture from garbage in a contRine~ also represents a su~stantial problem. A significant portion of this trickle is accumulated in the cont~;~ers, and b~cteria are thriving very well in such trickle. Accordingly, it was found to be of essential ; ,,olLallce to be able to absorb the 20 trickle of moisture in order to prevent a too strong bacterial growth.
The compositions according to the invention meet the above requi~ nts to efficient compositions for combating insect activity and ohnoX;ous odour emitted from garbage con-25 tR; ~S by being capable of absorbing large amounts of mois-ture per unit volume. Further, the composition may take part in/activate reactions which modify obnoxious gases, and it can temporarily reduce the bacterial activity in the garbage.
Moreover, the combined effect of insect repellent substance 30 and hypochlorite compounds provides the composition with outstRn~;n~ insect repellent property. Environmentally the composition is completely acceptable and it is a cheap composition. Further, the composition is simple to produce and simple to use.
The two main compositions according to the present invention, i.e. specially treated dia~ ous earth granulates together with an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution or together with solid calcium hypochlorite, optionally with insect repellent substance, may be used in W~ 97/25137 PCT/NO97/00002 -highly varying amounts with respect to the amount of garbage, and in each case the consumption will be determ;nPA by the least amount, with respect to the amount of garbage, which gives a significant, reduction of the ohnox;ous odour emitted 5 and inseat activity.
Experiments have shown that suitable amounts of diato-~c~ous earth granulates and ca7cium hypochlorite for treatmenl of refuse or garbage of average composition from householcls in a large garbage cont~;ne~ which may have a o volume varying from 2 to 1~ m3, e.g. 11-15 m3 ~ are 1-6 liters of diatomaaeous earth granulates, more normally 2-3 liters, per container and 15-20 g calcium hypochlorite and, optional-ly, 1-2 g insect repellant per liter diatomaceous earth granulates, e.g. when using 3 liters of diato-~eous earth 15 granulates in a large garbage cont~in~r 45-60 g calcium hypochlorite and, optionally, 3-6 g insect repellant will nor-mally be added. However, the tolerable limits are astonishingly wide, and because higher temperatures lead to the active components b~n~; n~ more easily ~nmpnsed, this 20 formulation covers all normal cases and requirements within a broad spectrum. The practical use of a such composition for combating insect ac:tivity and ~h~oX; OUS odour is to spread the mixture of diatomac:eous earth granulates, insect repellant and calcium hypochlorit:e across the bottom of a cont~; n~.r when the Z5 latter is empty.
If an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution is used together with the specially treated diatn~Pous earth granulates, a normal addition of sodium hypochlorite solution will be 0.1-0.2 lit;ers of 10-15 ~ sodium hypochlorite solution 30 per liter of specially treated diatomaceous earth granulates.
Again the tolerable limits are wide, and for each case the necessary amount of the composition for combating insect ac-tivity and ohnoxious odour which must be added to garbage cont~;ne~s in order to reduce or completely stop the emission 35 of obnoxious odour and repel insects will vary with the com-position of the garbage and with the amount of garbage in the cont~;ne~-. However, a good gui~line for the necessary amount of addition of the composition according to the invention is that it should be within the range of 1-6 liters of granulate WO 97125137 PCT/N097/000~2 for a filled garbage cont~;ne~ having a volume of 2-15 m3. In addition to combating obnoxious odour and repel insects from garbage contA;n~rs it may for some markets also be desirable that the composition according to the invention gives off its 5 own pleasant perfume odour, and for example pine needle odour has been found to be a good masking odour for hypochlorite solutions.
The calcium hypochlorite emboA;-ent of the composition according to the invention is best suited for big o users whereas the sodium hypochlorite embodiment of the composition according to the invention is best suited for com-mon household use. Accordingly, it is advantageous that the sodium hypochlorite variant of the composition according to the invention be packed as consumer unit in closable packages, 5 e.g. in a plastic bottle with wide neck. The user then employs so much of the composition as is re~uired at any time and then closes the package tightly.
None of the two embo~; ?ntS is reactivatable, and because the ~ecomrosition products of the hypochlorites essen-20 tially are calcium chloride respectively sodium chloride, oxygen and water, and as the optionally used insect repellant is not considered harmful for the environment, the compositions according to the invention are also environmentally safe to use.
2s With respect to the active components of the composition according to the invention, i.e. the hypochlorite compound, particularly sodium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite, and the insect repellent substance, e.g.
naphthalene, the required dosage were established through 30 about 250 tests. The dosage limits were partly established bymeans of scraping off bacteria from the contA;ne~ walls and the contA; n~ floors with subsequent counting of cultures in counting chambers, partly by means of direct measurements of the gas develo~ -nt, partly by measuring the activities of the 35 flies about and in the contA;n~rs, and finally by measuring the number of fly larvae upon emptying the cont~;ne~s. All measurements were evaluated in relation to the outside temperatures. Based on these measurements, the product variants were adjusted so that they would optimally fulfil the CA 02212241 1gs7-os-ol requirements which normally will be set to the products.
The composition according to the invention has been tested both in sma]l scale and in large scale. By the test in small scale each ~arbage contA~e~ was provided with fly paper 5 around the op~ni n~ and inside the cont~; n~r for direct measurement of the activity of the ~1ies. The cont~i n~5 were placed so far away from one another that they could not influence one another in any way, and care was taken that there were as e~ual sun/shadow and temperature conditions as lO possible. The composition according to the invention was sprinkled evenly across the bottom of the empty cont~;ne~
before filling it w~ith the garbage.
When using specially treated diatomaceous earth granulates together with sodium hypochlorite solution and naphthalene the fly activity round about the test containers was reduced almost to nil. The bacterial activity was al~o significantly reduced, however, it did not stop completely.
The development of gas was under most conditions reduced by nearly 75 %~ and the gas produced was modified by liberated 20 OCl~-ions,/chlorine :Lons so that the result was a fresh, clean odour emitted from a full cont~in~ as well as an empty con-t~;~.
The combination of granulated calcium hypochlorite, naphthalene and specially treated diats~-~eous earth 25 granulates gave exactly the same results as the combination of specially treated diatom~ous earth granulates, naphthalene and sodium hypochlorite solution. However, the duration of the effect obt~; n~A with granulated calcium hypochlorite was higher (increased by about 40 %). Moreover, at a relatively 30 late stage of the tests it was found that calcium hypochlorite was superior compar~ed with sodium hypochlorite during strong cold. Und~er such conditions the sodium hypochlorite/diatomaceous earth granulates lost much of their effect whereas the calcium hypochlorite variant ret~;n~ its 35 effect substantially ~1n~hAn~ed. This relates to bad smell emitted only, as insect activity under such cold conditions is of course substanti,~lly nil in any respect. On the other hand, ~he sodiwn hypochlorite variant is a cheaper and more simple solution and, moreover, it was easier to add fragrance thereto CA 02212241 1997-os-ol WO97/25137 ~CT/NO97/00002 -for use indoor.
The composition according to the invention has also been tested under more realistic and difficult conditions.
A series of large garbage containers was selected 5 which were directly inflllence~ by sllnqh;ne. The containers were selected because the garbage stench therefrom had caused especially significant problems for a hospital over a number of years. The testing of the compositions was carried out on 36 large garbage collection cont~;ne~s under varying con-ditions. As previously, the composition according to the invention was sprinkled across the bottom of the garbage con-tainers before filling these with garbage.
The result was that as garbage was filled into the cont~; n~s, the cont~; ne~s which previously had been very 15 troublesome did not now emit any stench of garbage at all but instead had a fresh smell of chlorine. At the same time, the insect activity in or near the cont~; n~s was reduced to near nil.~or each single container the dosage of the composition was about 5 liters of diatomaceous earth granulates on the 20 ~ ~ L~l.l of each container in admixture with naphthalene and sodium hypochlorite solution and solid calcium hypochlorite respectively. These two variants seemed to be of equal value in all respects, however, it was found that the calcium hypochlorite variant ret~; n~ its effect longest, particularly 25 during cold conditions, e.g. from O ~C to -25 ~C.
With regard to use ;n~oor in smaller scale, for com-mon households, it became clear that the sodium hypochlorite variant, suitably with added perfume fragrance, was the one which was best suited.
After testing for a couple of months, the hospital could confirm that the composition according to the present invention had solved the problem posed in a very satisfactory manner so that the hospital was now no longer bothered by the stench of garbage from its garbage containers or by insect 35 activity around these.
The composition according to the invention is based on an entirely novel concept for combating nh~ox;ous odour emitted from garbage cont~i n~s, and for reducing insect activity due to a synergistic effect of two of its CA 022l224l lgg7-os-ol ingredients, i.e. an insect repellent substance and a hypo-chlorite, whereby the danger o~ spreading infectious micro-organisms via insects is substantially reduced. Basically, it is composed of a granulate having an unusual ability to suck up the moist medium in which bacteria ~an populate, and a chemical compound, ]hypochlorite, with disinfecting action against the occurring bacteria. The base subst~nce~, i.e. the granulater,, can take up/absorb the reactive chemical compounds without being destructed themselves and without baking together. AccordingLy, the composition according to the inven-tion will also, even in moist condition, have the same proper-ties as a dry powder and, accordingly, may easily be poured from one cont~; n~ :into another. The addition to the basic composition of the :insect repellent substance for effectively 15 combating nuisance caused by insect activity in and around the cont~i~e~s does not alter the free-flowing properties of the composition.
The invention has been illustrated above particularly with reference to the use of sodium hypochlorite solution or zo calcium hypochlorite granulates as the disinfecting chemical compounds present in the composition according to the inven-tion. Accordingly, t;he difference between these two variants is that when the combination of sodium hypochlorite solution and diatomaceous earth granulates is used the product will 25 appear as a homogeneous product of the absorbing diatomaceous earth granulates with an added amount of sodium hypochlorite solution whereas the! product when using the calcium hypochlorite ~".~ounLd instead of the sodium hypochlorite com-pound will be a mixe~d granulate of absorbing base substance 30 and calcium hypochlorite granulate.
In the development of the present invention it was tried to arrive at subst~nc~c~ which in very small amounts would show the property of repelling insects, especially flies. Fly larvae do not only develop an e~Len.aly unpleasant 35 smell. The flies themselves are ef~icient spreaders of infec-tions from garbage to people in large areas of the world, and, accordingly, it would be of great importance if an efficient chemical or substance for preventing such spreading of infec-tions could be found.
, CA 02212241 1997-os-ol After extensive search some substances were found which through interaction with the hypochlorite of the composition according to the present invention exerted what could be considered a synergistic effect with respect to 5 repelling insects from garbage. These substances were camphor oil, citronella oil, pine resins/pine needle oil, naphthalene and citric acid. This list does not claim to be complete and is only illustrative of insect repellent chemicals or substan-ces which may be used in the composition according to the in-o vention and act efficiently through interaction with thehypochlorite therein.
For testing the efficiency of the mentioned substan-ces test series were performed, as follows:
Test boxes consisting of white polyethylene boxes 15 each having a capacity of 5 liters were used. In the boxes several layers of paper towels were placed which had been sprinkled with a bait for attracting insects. For preparing the bait Per se large amounts of garbage which had been left lying relatively long was sprinkled with water. The trickle 20 therefrom was collected in a sufficiently large contA;n~ and well mi x~A. To the trickle some fish refuse and meat refuse after slaughtering were added in order to produce a "best pos-sible" smell. After st~n~;ng for two days at room temperature fish refuse and meat refuse were strained off. The paper 25 towels were sprinkled with the 1- ~; n~ ng very stinking mixture.
The test boxes were arranged with a distance of at least 10 meters from each other at a place which gave the best possible equal conditions, i.e. an open place without 30 appreciable slope.
~ ach of the test boxes was placed upon a pail which had been turned upside down and placed in a cardboard box so that the upper edge of the test boxes flushed with the upper edge of the cardboard box. The latter was of a size rendering 3~ good space for evaporation between the walls of the test box and the walls of the cardboard box. The paper towels which had been sprinkled with the stinking bait were in the test boxes.
The chemicals which should be tested as repellants were scattered alone or in admixture on the bottom of the CA 022l224l l997-08-Ol cardboard boxes. Thlls a cont~;n~ emitting stench ~rom gar-bage was ~-imulated.
The effect of the repellent subst~n~-~ was measured by counting the number of "visits" by insects which in fact 5 took place. A "visi1 by insects" was considered to take place when an insect lande~d on the paper towels which had been sprinkled with the bait per se. The results of the measurements are presented in the table below. In the table column 1 indicates t:he substances tested column 2 indicates 10 the number of grams of the active ingredients used per liter of diatomaceous eart:h and column 3 indicates the number of visits by insects per hour. The column represents an average of several countings randomly chosen from casually chosen periods of hours in the course of casually chosen days.
In column l the letters used have the following mc..~n i rl~
A = diatomaceous earth ("Absodan") only K = ~mrhnr oil C = ci~ronella oil F = pine resin/pine needle oil N = naph-thalene S - citric acid B = standard mixture without repel-20 lant ("Absodan'l+hypochlorite).
Substances used Grams per liter Insect visits per "Absodan" hour A 0 > 390 A+F 2 121 A+K 2 172 A+C 2 115 A+S 2 99 A+N 2 120 B+F 2 3 B+K 2 21 B+C 2 17 ' 35 B+S 2 14 B+N 2 4 It clearly appears from the above table that the ef-CA 022l224l 1997-os-ol fect of the insect repellent substAnce~ tested in combination with the base mixture consisting of the diat~ A~ous earth product "Absodan" plus hypochlorite gave an insect repellent effect which is signi~icantly greater than what could be ex-5 pected from the effect of the insect repellent substance and hypochlorite used alone. This particularly pertains to the combination of diatomaceous earth ("Absodan"), hypochlorite and pine resin/pine needle oil (B~F in the table) and naphthalene (B+N in the table) respectively.
o Accordingly, it has been shown by experiments that a hitherto unknown interaction between hypochlorite and some substances causes a very strong insect repellent effect. Why this combination of substances is so efficient as has been shown is not known. However, it is not very conceivable that 15 the subst~nc~ react with one another and form novel activerepellants when considering that the mixtures seem to be much too stable. It is more probable that the sense organs of the insects react particularly strongly to this combination of chemical substances, to an extent far above the expected total 20 effect based on the effect of each of the subst~n~ used alone.
In carrying out the experiments described above much effort was made to ~l~;n~te the possible presence of variables which might influence the test results. To eliminate 25 these variables care was taken that a) All test boxes contAine~ the same amount of identical "bait".
b) The test boxes were arranged in order to be exposed to as identical surrol]n~; n~ con-ditions as possible, such as temperature, wind, sun irradiation, spre~i ng of stench, etc.
c) The positions of all test boxes were inter-changed at intervals of about one hour.
35 d) The test boxes were placed so ~ar apart that they would not mutually appreciably influence the results obtained.
_
Claims (20)
1. Composition for combating bad smell emitted from garbage containers, characterized in that it comprises water insoluble granulates having a large inner surface and capable of absorbing moisture due to strong capillary effect, and one or more hypochlorite compounds.
2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it further contains a substance which in combination with hypochlorite exerts a strong insect repellent effect.
3. Composition according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the granulates consist of granulated fossil diatomaceous earth which has been specially treated at very high temperature so that the inner surface of the granulates is very large.
4. Composition according to claim 3, characterized in that the granulated fossil diatomaceous earth has been heat treated at about 1350 °C.
5. Composition according to anyone of claims 1-4, characterized in that the hypochlorite compound is an alkali metal hypochlorite.
6. Composition according to anyone of claims 1-4, characterized in that the hypochlorite compound is an alkaline earth metal hypochlorite.
7. Composition according to anyone of claims 1-5, characterized in that the hypochlorite compound is sodium hypochlorite used in aqueous solution.
8. Composition according to claim 6, characterized in that the hypochlorite compound is solid calcium hypochlorite.
9. Composition according to claim 8, characterized in that the calcium hypochlorite is granulated.
10. Composition according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that it comprises 15-20 g calcium hypochlorite per liter of diatomaceous earth granulate.
11. Composition according to anyone of claims 1-5 and 7, characterized in that it comprises 1.5 dl 10-15% sodium hypochlorite solution per liter of diatomaceous earth granulate.
12. Composition according to anyone of claims 1-11, characterized in that the diatomaceous earth granulates have a size of 0.5-3 mm, preferably 1-3 mm.
13. Composition according to anyone of claims 2-12, characterized in that said substance is any organic substance which in combination with hypochlorite exerts a strong insect repellent effect.
14. Composition according to anyone of claims 2-13, characterized in that said substance is naphthalene in dissolved form or in powder form.
15. Composition according to anyone of claims 2-13, characterized in that said substance is pine resin/pine needle oil.
16. Use of a composition comprising water insoluble granulates having large inner surface and capable of absorbing moisture due to strong capillary effect, and one or more hypochlorite compounds for combating bad smell emitted from garbage containers.
17. Use according to claim 12 of a composition comprising granulated fossil diatomaceous earth, treated at very high temperature so that its inner surface has become very large, and granulated calcium hypochlorite or an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite.
18. Use according to claim 16 or 17 of a composition which further comprises a substance which in combination with hypochlorite exerts a strong insect repellent effect, for combating insect activity in and around garbage containers and bad smell emitted therefrom.
19. Use according to claim 18 of a composition which comprises naphthalene as said insect repellent substance.
20. Use according to claim 18 of 8 mixture which comprises pine resin/pine needle oil as said insect repellent substance.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO960051 | 1996-01-05 | ||
| NO960051A NO960051D0 (en) | 1996-01-05 | 1996-01-05 | Means for controlling bad odor emitted from garbage containers and use of the agent |
| NO963339 | 1996-08-09 | ||
| NO963339A NO963339D0 (en) | 1996-01-05 | 1996-08-09 | Means for controlling bad odor emitted from garbage containers and on the spread of garbage from insects through insects and use of the agent |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2212241A1 true CA2212241A1 (en) | 1997-07-17 |
Family
ID=26648632
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2212241 Abandoned CA2212241A1 (en) | 1996-01-05 | 1997-01-03 | Composition for combatting nuisance caused by garbage in garbage containers and use of the composition |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0891222A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2000508573A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1322397A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2212241A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO963339D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997025137A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE29807202U1 (en) * | 1998-04-21 | 1999-08-26 | Incon Unternehmungsberatungs G | Additive for waste containers |
| WO2006048104A1 (en) * | 2004-11-01 | 2006-05-11 | Unilever N.V. | Insect repellent composition |
| JP2018153634A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-10-04 | 独立行政法人国立高等専門学校機構 | Gas deodorization method, and device of the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19530502C2 (en) * | 1995-08-18 | 1997-09-25 | Sued Chemie Ag | sorbents |
-
1996
- 1996-08-09 NO NO963339A patent/NO963339D0/en unknown
-
1997
- 1997-01-03 WO PCT/NO1997/000002 patent/WO1997025137A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-01-03 EP EP97900814A patent/EP0891222A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-01-03 JP JP09525104A patent/JP2000508573A/en active Pending
- 1997-01-03 CA CA 2212241 patent/CA2212241A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-01-03 AU AU13223/97A patent/AU1322397A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU1322397A (en) | 1997-08-01 |
| WO1997025137A1 (en) | 1997-07-17 |
| JP2000508573A (en) | 2000-07-11 |
| NO963339D0 (en) | 1996-08-09 |
| EP0891222A1 (en) | 1999-01-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Dead |