DE19530502C2 - sorbents - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a sorbent for spreading odor-intensive waste.

Organic waste, often referred to as "organic waste", falls in relatively large quantities in private households and le food processing establishments, such as restaurants, butchery Rien, etc., but also in garden centers, flower shops and Composting and the like. The circulation sol waste, usually after composting, wins increasingly important. Depending on the environment Temperature begins the decomposition of the waste and the so Associated development of unpleasant odors already after few hours. The odor nuisance increases with stei gender shelf life strongly.

Often the waste is in or directly to residential / business buildings (between) stored. This does not just lead to a  intensive odor nuisance, but also raises a hygieni The problem is that many insects are attracted to waste and there together with other organisms, esp special microorganisms, multiply. Among the in or on Waste organisms are many potential ones Pathogens and disease transmitters. It exists thus a need for agents that prevent this odor nuisance or eliminate and contribute to waste hygiene.

From WO 89/10311 (= German Utility Model G 88 05 816.6) is a bag of decomposable material for collecting damp activity-giving goods, in particular organic waste cases, known, the one adsorbent layer of a contains swellable clay. The adsorbent layer is as Insert at the bottom of the bag or as an integral part of the bag Sacks trained and serves only to that from the waste to bind escaping seepage water. Because the sorbent Not distributed in the waste may be in particular the Decomposition processes and the formation of odors in the upper Waste layers can not be prevented. This is special their importance, as reflected in inhomogeneous organic waste also above the tank bottom many intense and unpleasant smelling moisture and putrefaction reservoirs are located. In addition, no inhibitory effect against fly larvae or against the laying down of fly eggs and against the development of Fly maggots can be obtained from the eggs.

Furthermore, DE-A-43 20 689 describes a method for Binding of odors from decomposing waste, at the natural bentonite with a montmorillonite content zwi 65% and 100% and a large specific surface area and high ion exchange capacity is used. It will only bentonites, but no further additives, such as z. As essential oils, or their usefulness described.

The German Utility Model G 93 17 403.9 describes a  Means to prevent unpleasant odors that at least a surface-active mineral, at least one organic Acid and at least one vegetable and / or animal contains (fat) oil and / or fat. All used vegetable and / or animal oils and fats are oils / fats on tri glyceride base, whereby soybean oil is particularly preferred. The mit tel can also have a substance with a strong odor contain (addition of herbs). The specific use of essential oils is not revealed.

The present invention is therefore based on the object a sorbent for effective prevention and targeted Covering unpleasant odors in particular from zer providing settling waste due to the selected ten components meets the above requirements and contributes to waste hygiene.

This object is achieved by a sorbent for Sprinkling on odorous wastes containing 90 to 99.9 parts by weight of at least one smectite Layered silicate and / or zeolite and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight at least one as a fragrance and insect repellent serving essential oil, with an average particle size of the smectic layered silicate or zeolite between 30 and 300 microns and a fine grain content <5 microns of 1 to 10% by weight.

The smectitic layered silicate, is preferably characterized by a high swelling capacity and a high ion exchange capacity. bentonite, Montmorillonite, hectorite, glauconite, sauconite, nontronite, sa Ponit are preferred. Particularly preferred are alkaline activated bentonites, such as sodium bentonite.

By the water absorbency of the invention used smectite phyllosilicate and / or zeolite may be at least part of Moisture and odor-intensive Leachate be bound so that the microbial degradation processes of Müllerzersetzung are slowed down. In which the  Garbage collection following composting process be The bentonites and other swellable minerals accelerate the Building processes of organic waste and also have a bo the improving effect by being next to water due to her Ion exchange capacity to bind mineral nutrients and only gradually return to the plants. Thus prevented the sorbent according to the invention not only unpleasant Ge odors, especially of organic waste, but also that undesirable fouling or mold of biowaste, and promotes in the further processing also their compostability.

As essential oils according to the invention, mixtures different essential oils are used that are not serve only as an odor-active component, but also the Infestation with vermin, z. B. fly, counteract. Prefers are thereby essential oils, which are characterized by a pleasant and fri characterize the scent and cover up the smell of the scraps well, like lemon oil, orange oil, citronella oil, clove oil, Patchouli oil, jojoba oil and the like.

Because the waste to be treated is often strong insects or their larvae is infested / is and thus the Elimination of these insects is in the foreground, it is desirable that the sorbent ge a know proportion of micro particles with a size of not more than about 2-5 microns in the trachea of Insects can invade and thereby kill them (tra cleanable particles). Accordingly, the inventive Sorbent a fine grain content 5 microns from 1 to 10 wt .-%, wherein the mean particle size of the surface active mineral is between 30 and 300 microns.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the sorp contains tion agent additionally at least one dust binder, where by excessive dusting of the sorbent on the up bring to the waste to be treated is avoided. The Dustbinders can be used for any binding of heavily dusty Microparticles may be suitable agents, with liquid dust binders, such as mineral oil, vegetable oils based on glycerides or liquids with hygroscopic properties, eg. B. Glycerol, are preferred.

According to another embodiment of the invention that contains Sorbent additionally a means of regulating the pH, such as hydrated lime or soda. This can be beneficial to adjust a pH, which is the decomposition of the waste Affected and depending on the composition of the waste the  Growth of "beneficial" organisms against harmful ones or Potentially pathogenic organisms favored.

In a further embodiment, the sorbent more than one insect repellent in amounts of 0.001 to 10 parts by weight, causing insects that are often decomposed by waste and the attracted to evolving odors, are fended off. When Insect repellents can be especially natural, nature identical or synthetic substances are used which due to their smell or other substance properties have an insect repellent effect. To be favoured including the aforementioned essential oils, as well as phthalic acid dimethyl ester and the like.

According to another embodiment of the invention that contains Sorbents continue to be at least one means of reduction tion or inhibition of insect development or reproduction. Such means are known per se. It is therefore sufficient at this To point to some examples, such as synthetic Insecticides, especially ovicides and larvicides, e.g. Pyrethroids, Pyrethrum, chlorinated hydrocarbons, phosphoric acid esters, carba  mate and the like, as well as on biologically active substances / Or containing preparations containing the development of In Prevent larvae, such. B. Juvenile hormones (Cyromacin), Insect larvae parasitizing bacteria or nematodes (eg. "Exhibit F27", Urania, Hamburg), Bacterial Endo toxins and the like. The active substances may be present in an amount from 0 to 10 parts by weight, preferably in an amount of 0.001 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably in an amount from 0.01 to 2 parts by weight.

The sorbent according to the invention in the application Evenly scattered on the waste in the bin. If necessary, especially after refilling waste, be sprinkled. In this application, the fiction, proper sorbent due to its beschrie above properties reliably prevent unpleasant odors and cover it with pleasant odors, moisture and Bind seepage water locally, keep insects and vermin away and thus preventing the maggot infestation as well as excessive decay during decomposition / composting.

Preferred areas of application are refuse containers, in particular for organic waste, in private households or businesses, such as B. in the kitchen area, as well as collecting tons for organic waste and Composting plants of all kinds. It is the invention Sorbent particularly advantageous for organic waste applicable, characterized by a very strong odor development distinguished.

The amount of agent to be used is of several factors dependent, z. B. on the intensity of the expected smell development, the specific use or the procurement of waste and the distribution of the remedy in the ab case. Generally, the amount of added sorption by no more than about 10% by weight, preferably about 0.1 to 5% by weight.  

The invention will now be more apparent from the following examples explained.

example 1

It was a sorbent by mixing 1000 g Ben Tonit with a mean particle size of about 50 microns and a Fine grain content 5 microns of about 5 wt .-% with 5 g of citric oil manufactured. The mixture was carried out in a stick vortexer Countercurrent mode with a mixing time of 3 minutes. It became DE a pleasant fresh scented powder with good scattering obtained.

This sorbent was added to the in a 20-liter bio contained waste (post-table waste, mainly Vegetable waste) in an amount of 10 g per kg of waste. After 48 hours, the waste so treated did not develop Rotten smell, while the untreated waste a typical Putrefaction smell.

When sprinkling on trash with a special high proportion of meat and leftovers could even after 4 days only a few flies and no flow genmaden be observed while the untreated waste strong fly infestation and the development of fly maggots showed.

Example 2

A sorbent was prepared as in Example 1, with the exception that the bentonite only 3 g of lemon oil as well 2 g of citronella oil were added as insect repellant. the This sorbent was as in Example 1 on the waste sprinkled. The waste was 48 hours at summer tempera Doors left open, with no fly infestation was adjustable. The waste sample treated according to example 1 showed a certain fly infestation.

Example 3

A sorbent was prepared as in Example 1, with the exception that the bentonite 3 g of lemon oil and 0.1 g  Cromazine as a means of inhibiting the development of flies eggs was added.

The sorbent was as in Example 1 on the waste scattered.

After 10 days no fly maggots could be observed during the treated according to Example 1 waste development of fly maggots showed.

Example 4

A sorbent was prepared as in Example 1, with the exception that the bentonite next to 5 g of lemon oil still additionally added soybean oil or glycerine as a dust binder were. The amounts are in the table below specified.

component Quantity (g) soybean oil 10 glycerin 20

The sorbents thus obtained are still free-flowing. It was tested with a Heubach-Dustmeter (Heubach Engineering GmbH, Langelsheim) according to the labor specified by the manufacturer a determination of the dusting behavior leads. In all cases dropped when adding a dust binder the dustiness (dustiness) in relation to Sorbent of Example 1 to less than a third.

Claims (7)

1. sorbent for sprinkling on odor-intensive waste at least containing 90 to 99.9 parts by weight a smectitic layered silicate and / or zeolite and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of at least one as a fragrance and Insect repelling essential oil, with a average particle size of smectic layered silicate or zeolites between 30 and 300 microns and a Fine grain content <5 microns from 1 to 10 wt .-%.   2. sorbent according to claim 1, characterized that in addition up to 8 parts by weight of at least one dust contains binder. 3. sorbent according to claim 2, characterized that the dust binder is a liquid dust binder like Mineral oil, vegetable oil based on a fatty acid glycerides or a liquid with hygroscopic properties represents. 4. sorbent according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that it is a means of regulating the pH tes, such as hydrated lime or soda. 5. sorbent according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that there is more than one insect repellant in Contains from 0.001 to 10 parts by weight. 6. sorbent according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized characterized in that it comprises at least one means for reducing or inhibition of insect development or propagation in Contains from 0.001 to 10 parts by weight. 7. A method for the treatment of waste, characterized that the sorbent according to one of claims 1 to 6 in powder form scattered on the waste.