CA2209151A1 - Adhesive tape fastening system - Google Patents
Adhesive tape fastening systemInfo
- Publication number
- CA2209151A1 CA2209151A1 CA002209151A CA2209151A CA2209151A1 CA 2209151 A1 CA2209151 A1 CA 2209151A1 CA 002209151 A CA002209151 A CA 002209151A CA 2209151 A CA2209151 A CA 2209151A CA 2209151 A1 CA2209151 A1 CA 2209151A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- adhesive tape
- fibrous
- fastening system
- taping panel
- pounds
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/56—Supporting or fastening means
- A61F13/58—Adhesive tab fastener elements
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is an improved adhesive tape fastening system which is adapted for use on a disposable absorbent article. The adhesive tape fastening system comprises an adhesive tape fastener (20), a substrate layer (22) and a fibrous taping panel (24). The fibrous taping panel (24) is bonded to the substrate layer (22) and includes a fibrous outer surface (28) which is capable of providing adhesive bonding with the adhesive tape fastener (20). The fibrous taping panel (24) provides a shear strength with the adhesive tape fastener of at least about 2.67 Newtons (0.60 pounds-force). The fibrous taping panel (24) also provides a peel strength with the strength with the adhesive tape fastener (20) of no more than about 3.56 Newtons (0.80 pounds-force). The fibrous outer surface (28) of the fibrous taping panel (24) comprises fibers which are capable of withstanding a peeling removal of the adhesive tape fastener (20) thereform without unaccepatably contaminating the adhesive tape fastener (20) to allow a refastening of the adhesive tape fastener (20) to the fibrous outer surface (28).
Description
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/2068~ PCTAUS95/16860 ADHESIVE TAPE FASTENING SYSTEM
The present invention relates to an adhesive tape fastening system and disposable absorbent article incorporating same.
The use of adhesive tape fastening systems on disposable abso,L,ent articles which are adapted to be worn about the body of a wearer such as diapers training pants adult i"cor,li,lence products feminine care products and the like is well known. The adhesive tape fastening systems are used to fasten the article about the body of a wearer. Typically 10 the convenlional adhesive tape fastening systems utilize pressure-sensitive adhesive tape fasteners which can be rele~sed and r~raslened a plurality of times onto a specific fastening zone of the outer cover of the article. For example refastenable adhesive tape fasteners have been used on liispos~hle diapers to allow a refastening of the diaper about the wearer as may be required after the diaper is inspected to see if it has been soiled. Generally it has 15 been desirable that the adhesive tape fastening systems have a high shear sl,~"yll, to ",ai"lain the article about the wearer for an extended period of time. Such adhesive tape fastening systems have also had a high peel sl,enylll.
The materials used to provide the outer cover of the disposable absorbent articles are 20 typically thin and do not have sufficient sl,~nyll, to will,~land the peeling forces generated by the removal of the adhesive tape fasteners. The maLerials can tear and residual ",alerial may remain attached to the adhesive tape raslener~. As a result the adhesive tape rasleners and the disposable absorbent article may be rendered unusable. In addition the ",ale,ials used to provide the outer cover of the ~iispos-~le absorbent articles typically do not 25 allow sufficient adhesive bonding with the adhesive tape fasteners to provide a reliable fastening about the wearer. Some of the ",ale,ials used to provide the outer cover may also be susceptible to contamination from foreign substances such as ointments powders oils and the like which can adversely affect tape adhesion.
30 Several convenlional techni~ues have been used to n inro,.;e the outer cover in the ~ faslening zone of the article and provide for sufficient adhesive bonding with the adhesive tape fasteners. One such techn--~ue includes the appli-~tion of a thin layer of an adhesive coating to the outer cover in the fd:,leni"g zone to ~ nyll,en the outer cover. Another conventional techni~ue includes the inco"~oralion of a r~;nfor~;e",ent layer or panel which 35 coll,plises a plastic film affixed to the inner or outer surface of the outer cover in the faslen;"g zone. Typically, the rei"forcei"ent layer or panel has been a layer of a polyethylene or polypropylene film.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 Convenliollal techniques of providing adhesive tape fastening of disposable abso,Lenl articles about a wearer, such as those described above, have not been COll r'et?ly salisraclory. For example, the conver,lional techniques which utilize a r~,i.,for~;e",enl layer CfSIIlpliSill9 a plastic film have undesirably degraded the appearance of the outer cover of the d;spesc '~le absorbent article. When the plastic film is affixed to the inner surface of the outer cover, the bonding or adhesive pattern can undesirably show through the outer cover. When the plastic film is affixed to the outer surface of the ",alerial, there can be an undesirable cont,d~l between the plastic film ~inrfjrcel"ent layer and the rest of the absolbent article.
10 This appea,dnce problem is particularly acute when the outer cover is a fibrous ",aterial. In addition, the plastic film ,_inforce",enl layer has been typically stiff and inelastic which has undesirably affected the flexibility and fit of the article about the wearer. The plastic film malelials used to provide the ~ei"ror~ement layer have also been particularly susceptible to contamination from oils and the like which can adversely affect tape adhesion.
Further, some of the conver,lional techr,--~ues which utilize a plastic film ,~;nrorcemenL layer have only been able to acl,ievc the required level of shear strength with the adhesive tape fasteners while having an u"desi,dbly high peel sl,er,gll,. Such high peel strengths with the adhesive tape fasteners can result in increased tearing and reduced consumer acceplance.
Thus, the convenlional lechni~lJes of providing adhesive tape fastening for dispcs-~le absorbent articles have not provided the desired level of adhesion and rerasleoability while maintaining the flexibility, fit and appearance of the articles.
The present invention intends to overcome these pr b!ems. The object is solved by the adhesive tape fastening system according to independent claim 1 and further by the f~;~posA~le absorbent article of independent claim 29.
Further advantages, features, AspectC and details of the invention are evident from the 30 dependent claims, the desc(i~.lion and the ac c o",pa"ying drawings. The claims are intended to be underalood as a first non-limiting approa-,l, to defining the invention in general terms.
In response to the f~iscussed difficulties and pr.blems, a new adhesive tape fastening system and ~li,posAi le absorbent article inco",ordling the same have been discovered.
In one aspect, the present invention contellls an adhesive tape fastening system which is AdApled for use on a disposable absorbent article. The adhesive tape fastening system CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95tl6B60 co,.,p,ises an adhesive tape ra:,lener a substrate layer and a fibrous taping panel. The fibrous taping panel is bonded to the substrate layer and includes a fibrous outer surface which is capable of providing adhesive bonding with the adhesive tape faslener. The fibrous taping panel provides a shear slleli~tll with the adhesive tape ~aslener of at least about 2.67 5 Newtons (about 0.60 pounds-force) upon a first fastening. In a particular aspect the fibrous outer surface of the fibrous taping panel cGr"p,ises fibers which are capable of witl,sla,)ding a peeling removal of the adhesive tape fastener thert:r,u,,, without u "acceplably contaminating the adhesive tape fastener to allow a refastening of the adhesive tape fastener to the fibrous outer surface.
In another particular aspect the fibrous taping panel provides a shear sl,~nyll, with the adhesive tape fastener of at least about 2.67 Newtons (about 0.60 pounds-force) aHer a third fastening of the adhesive tape fastener to the fibrous taping panel. The shear sl,~ngll, with the adhesive tape fastener after the third fastening is at least about 50 percent of the 15 shear sl,e"gll, after the first fastening of the adhesive tape fastener to the fibrous taping panel.
In still another aspect the present invention conce",s a .liap~se :'e abso,Lenl article which coi"plises an outer cover a bodyside liner an absorbent core ~isposed between the bodyside liner and the outer cover and an adhesive tape fastening system. The adhesive tape fastening system col"p,ises an adhesive tape fastener which is connecled to a longitudinal side portion of said disposable absorbent article and a fibrous taping panel which is bonded to the outer cover. The fibrous taping panel includes a fibrous outer surface which is capable of providing adhesive bondi"9 with the adhesive tape faslener. The fibrous taping panel provides a shear ~ nyll, with the adhesive tape fastener of at least about 2.67 Newtons (about 0.60 pounds-force) upon a first fastening.
The present invention will be more fully understood and further advantages will become appar~nl when ,~ference is made to the r~ wi..9 detailed des- ,iplion of the invention and the accolnpanying drawings. The drawings are merely representative and are not i"lended ~ to limit the scope of the claims.
~ Fig. 1 representatively shows a top plan view of an example of an adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 .~prese"ldli~/ely shows a cross-sectional view of the adhesive tape fastening system of Fig. 1 taken along line 2-2;
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 Fig. 3 representatively shows a top plan view of a disp~s-~le diaper incG".ordling the adhesive tape fastening system according to the presenL invention;
5 Fig. 4l~presenldli-/ely shows a cross-sectional view of the disposable diaper of Fig. 3 taken along line 1 4;
Fig. 5 ,epresenldli~ely shows the appr~xi"~ale configuration of a disposable diaper when placed on a wearer; and Fig. 6 representatively shows a graph illustrating the shear slrenglh of the fibrous taping panel of the present invention upon multiple fastenings.
The present invention relates to an adhesive tape fastening system which is adapted for use 15 on a dispcselrle abso,L,enl article and a disposable absorbent article incoi~or~ling the same.
The term "disposable abso,L,enl article" is intended to refer to any disposable article intended to be wom and attached to a wearer to absorb discha,yed body fluids. E3~dll ~les of d;spcs-~'e absorbent articles include diapers, adult inconli,)ence products, training pants, feminine care products and the like. For ease of understanding much of the f~ ,;ng desc,i~lion of the presenl invention will be made in terms of using the adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention on d;SPOSAhIe diapers. Nonetheless, it is to be u"deralood that the adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention is equally suited for use on any other-l;spos~hlc absorbent article.
As representatively illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the adhesive tape fastening system of the presenL invention co"",,ises an adhesive tape fastener 20 a s-,~sl,dle layer 22 and a fibrous taping panel 24. The fibrous taping panel 24 includes an inner surface 26 which is bonded to the substrate layer 22 and a fibrous outer surface 28 which is ~p~ of providing adhesive bonding with the adhesive tape fastener 20. The fibrous taping panel 24 and substrate layer 22, in combination, provide a co,nposile ~ i ,ro,ced substrate 30 which is car~hl~ of will,slanding a peeling removal of the adhesive tape fastener 20 therefrom subslanlially without tearing.
The fibrous outer surface 28 of the fibrous taping panel 24 col"prises fibers which are also capable of witl,slanding a peeling removal of the adhesive tape fastener 20 ther~r,ur,, without contaminating the adhesive tape fastener 20. This allows multiple fastenings of the adhesive tape fastener 20 to the fibrous outer surface 28. The fibrous taping panel 24iS
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 ~dart~d to provide sufficient shear strength with the adhesive tape fastener 20 without an undesirably high peel strength.
~, The co,nponenla and properties of the adhesive tape rd~lening system of the pr~senl 5 invention will be ~iscussed in more detail below with re~r~,-ce to the use of such a system in a disposable abso,L.enl article such as the d;spcsa~'e diaper representatively illusl-aled in Figs. 3-5. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the dispos~hle diaper 40 generally con)prises an outer cover 42, an inner bodyside liner 44, and an absorbent core 46 located between the outer cover 42 and the bodyside liner 44. Leg el~stics 48 are located generally 10 at the longitudinal edges of the diaper 40. The disposable diaper 40 may further comp,ise a front waist elastic 50 and a rear waist elastic 52.
The outer cover 42 of the ~isposahle diaper 40, as representatively illustrated in Figs. 3-5, may suitably be cGl--posed of a "lale,ial which is either liquid permeable or liquid 15 imperrneable. It is generally p(~rer~ed that the outer cover 42 be formed from a "~alerial which is sub~lanlially impemleable to liquids. It is also desirable that the outer cover 42 be thin and flexible to improve consumer acceplance. For e~dl..ple, a typical outer 42 cover can be manufactured from a thin plastic film or other flexible liquid-impe..n~~~!e ,llalerial. For example, the outer cover 42 may be formed from a polyethylene film having a thickness of from about 0.012 millimeter (0.5 mil) to about 0.051 millimeter (2.0 mils). If it is desired to pr~senl the outer cover 42 with a more clothlike feeling, the outer cover 42 may coll,~-ise a polyethylene film having a nonwoven web laminated to the outer surface thereof, such as a spunbond web of polyolefin fibers. For example, a polyethylene film having a thickness of about 0.015 millimeter (0.6 mil) may have thermally laminated thereto a spunbond web of polyolefin fibers, which fibers have a thickness of about 0.167 tex to 0.389 tex (about 1.5 to 3.5 denier (d)) per rilar.lenl, which nonwoven web has a basis weight of about 24 grams per square meter (0.7 ounces per square yard). Methods of forming such clothlike outer covers are known to those skilled in the art.
Further, the outer cover 42 may be formed of a woven or nonwoven fibrous web layer which has been totally or partially constructed or treated to impart a desired level of liquid illlpel.neability to selected regions that are acljacenl or p,u,~illlale the abso,L,e-ll core 46. Still further, the outer cover 42 may optionally be composed of a micro-porous ur~alhable"
r.lalel~al which permits vapors to escape from the absorbent core 46 while still preventing liquid ~yud~tes from passing through the outer cover 42. The outer cover 42 may also be forrned from an elasloi"e,ic material such as elastomeric films, e.g., natural or synthetic rubber; elastomeric foams, e.g., urethane foams; elas~me,ic nonwoven ..lale,ials, laminates CA 02209l~l l997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 or co"~po~i'~s of such elaslo",eric ",alenals with other elaslo",elic or non-elaslor"eric ",alerials, e.g., neck-bonded laminates or stretch-bonded laminates; and the like.
b The outer cover 42 of the diaper 40 should be very thin and flexible to provide an improved s fitting and aesll,elically pleasing diaper40. Thin, flexible ",ale,ials tend to have relatively low tensile sllt:llylhs. As used herein, the term "tensile ~ nglll" refers to the tensile sl,er,yll, value determined according to the Tensile Stl~nylll Test as set forth below in connection with the examples. As a result, the outer cover 42 is c_p~b'e of supporting only a limited tensile load and is generally unable to \hilhsland the peeling force generated when an 10 adhesive tape fastener is peelingly removed from the outer cover 42. When the outer cover 42 cGI"p~ises a film malerial, the tensile strength of the outer cover 42 is generally less than about 44.5 Newtons (about 10.0 pounds-force), and typically is within the range of from about 32.4 to about 43.5 Newtons (about 7.3 to about 9.8 pounds-force). In an altemative embodiment wherein the outer cover 42 col"prises a fibrous nonwoven material or a laminate COI"plisi"g a fibrous nonwoven ",alerial, the tensile ~Iren~~l1, of the outer cover 42 is generally less than about 52.27 Newtons (about 11.75 pounds-force), and typically is within the range of from about 27.80 to about 52.27 Newtons (about 6.25 to about 11.75 pounds-force).
The bodyside liner 44 of the ~I;5POSA~I~ diaper 40, as representatively illustrated in Figs. 3-5, suitably presents a bodyfacing surface which is col"F' -nt, soft feeling and nonirritating to the wearer's skin. Further, the bodyside liner 44 may be less hydrophilic than the absorbent core 46, to p,~senl a relatively dry surface to the wearer, and may be surricienlly porous to be liquid permeable, pe""i~ling liquid to readily penetrate through its thickness. A sl~it-~le bodyside liner44 may be manufactured from a wide s~l~r,tion of web m2le,ials, such as porous foams, reticu'qted foams, apertured plastic films, natural fibers (for example, wood or cotton fibers), synthetic fibers (for example, polyester or polypropylene fibers), or a combination of natural and synthetic fibers. The bodyside liner 44 is suitably employed to help isolate the weare~s skin from liquids held in the absorbent core 46.
Various woven and nonwoven fabrics can be used for the bodyside liner 44. For example, the bodyside liner may be con,posed of a meltblown or spunbonded web of polyolefin fibers.
The bodyside liner may also be a bonded-carded web composed of natural and/or synthetic fibers. The bodyside liner may be composed of a subslanlially hydr~phobic material, and the hyd~ophobic ",alerial may, oplionally, be treated with a su,rd~lcinl or otherwise processed to impart a desired level of wettability and hydrophilicity. In a particular e"~bo.li",enl of the present invention, the bodyside liner 44 coi"plises a nonwoven, spunbond, polypropylene CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 fabric cGmposed of about 0.311-0.356 tex (about 2.8-3.2 denier) fibers formed into a web having a basis weight of about 22 grams per square meter and a density of about 0.06 gram per cubic centimeter. The fabric is surFace treated with about 0.28 weight percent of a s~"Fac,lanl commercially available from Rohm and Haas Co. under the trade designation 5 Triton X-102.
The abso,Lenl core 46 of the diaper 40, as representatively illustrated in Figs. 3-5, may suitably comp,ise a matrix of hydrophilic fibers, such as a web of cellulosic fluff, mixed v~/ith particles of a high-absorbency material co",r"only known as su~,erdbsG,bent material. In a 10 particular embodiment, the absorbent core 46 cGr"p,ises a mixture of superabsol6ent hydrogel-forming particles and wood pulp fluff. The wood pulp fluff may be exchanged with synthetic, polymeric, meltblown fibers or with a con tn.,alion of meltblown fibers and natural fibers. The supe,dbsolL,ent particles may be sub:,lanlially homogeneously mixed with the hydrophilic fibers or may be nonu"iru""ly mixed. Alternatively, the absorbent core 46 may 15 cor"pnse a laminate of fibrous webs and su~ erdbsolLent ",alerial or other suitable means of maintaining a superabsorbent ")ale~ial in a lo~i~ed area.
The high-absorbency malelial can be sele~d from natural, synthetic and modified natural polymers and malerials. The high-absorbency ",alelials can be i"organic ",aLerials, such as 20 silica gels, or organ-c compounds, such as crosslinked polymers. The term "crosslinked"
refers to any means for effectively ,~:ndering normally water-soluble ",alerials subslanlially water insoluble but swe"-''e. Such means can indude, for e,~d,l,~'e, physical entanglement, crystalline domains, covalent bonds, ionic com~'?-~es and ~sso~:~lions, hydrophilic ~ssod~lions such as hydrogen boncJing, and hydrophobic ~ssoci~'ions or Van der Waals 25 forces.
Exan,ples of synthetic, poiymeric, high-absorbency materials include the alkali metal and a"""on.urn salts of poly(acrylic acid) and poly(methacrylic acid), poly(acryla",ides), poly(vinyl ethers), maleic anhydride copolymers with vinyl ethers and alpha-olefins, poly(vinyl 3 o pyrolidone), poly(vinyl morpholinone), poly(vinyl alcohol), and mixtures and copolymers thereof. Further polymers suit~hle for use in the absorbent core include natural and modified natural polymers, such as hydrolyzed acrylonitrile-grafted starch, acrylic acid grafted starch, ~ methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cell ~'ose, and the natural gums, such as alginates, xanthum gum, locust bean gum, and the like. Mixtures of natural and 35 wholly or partially synthetic abso,benl polymers can also be useful in the pr~senl invention.
CA 02209l~l l997-06-27 The high abso,l,ency ",alerial may be in any of a wide variety of geometric forms. As a general rule, it is pr~rei,ed that the high abso,bency ",ale,ial be in the form of disc~ele particles. However, the high absorbency ",alelial may also be in the form of fibers, flakes, rods, spheres, needles, or the like. As a general nule, the high absorbency malenal is present in the absorbent core in an amount of from about 5 to about 100 weight percent based on total weight of the absorbent core 46.
Specific e~dr"Fles of ~I;sposAhlE diapers on which the adhesive tape fastening system of the presenl invention may be utilized are ~I;sclosed in the r~ ing u.s. Patents and U.S. Patent ~ ions: U.S. 4,798,603 issued January 17, 1989, to Meyer et al.; U.S. 5,176,668 issued January 5, 1993, to Bernardin; U.S. 5,176,672 issued January 5, 1993, to Bnuemmer et al.; U.S. 5,192,606 issued March 9, 1993, to Proxmire et al., and U.S. Patent Applir~lio Serial No. 08/096,654 filed July 22, 1993, in the name of Hanson et al.
As representatively illustrated in Figs. 3-5, the .lisposable diaper 40 also includes an adhesive tape fastening system. The adhesive tape fastening system includes adhesive tape rasleners 54 and 56 which are connected to the longitudinal side po, lions of the diaper 40. The adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 are well known to those skilled in the art and can include any tape fasteners which provide the desired levels of adhesion and refaslenability. Typically, the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 include a substrate layer to which a layer of adhesive is bonded. The layer of adhesive is pr~cferdbly a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive. S~~it~hle adhesive tape fasteners 54, 56 include those commercially available from Koester GmbH & Co., a business having offices in Allendo,r, Germany, under the trade designalion BF33-4. Other suit~lQ adhesive tape fasteners include those commercially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul, Minnesota, under the trade desiyndlion KR3233.
Generally, it is desi~able that the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 have a high level of adhesion such that the adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention can advantageously provide a more secure fastening of the ~ispos~hlc absoll,enl article about the wearer. The high levels of adhesion provide adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 which are less susceptible to an inadvertent or premature release caused by the move",enls of an active wearer during use. The high levels of adhesion also provide adhesive tape rasleners 54 and 56 which are less susceplible to contamination by foreign ",alelials such as, for example, powders and oils.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096t20685 PCTrUS95/16860 However, the high levels of adhesion of the adhesive tape faslener~ 54 and 56 may readily tear the outer cover 42 of the diaper 40 when the faslenera 54 and 56 are adhesively applied to and peelingly removed from the outer cover 42. This is particularly true when the outer cover 42 is a thin film material. Tearing of the outer cover 42 can adversely affect the ability of the outer cover 42 to act as a barrier to the flow of liquids. In additio", any tom pieces may contaminate the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 and undesi,ably reduce their rerasler,ability.
When the outer cover 42 co",p(iâes a woven, knitted or nonwoven ",alelial, the high levels lo of adhesion of the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 may also tear individual fibers away from the outer cover 42 when the fasteners 54 and 56 are adhesively applied to and peelingly removed from the outer cover 42. The woven, knitted and nonwoven n,ale,ials which can be used to provide the outer cover 42 typically are soft, compliant and flexible.
Such mdle,ials generally have individual fibers which are easily tom away which may result in the contamination of the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56.
To improve the adhesion and r~faslenability of the adhesive tape raslener~ 54 and 56, the adhesive tape fastening system of the presenl invention includes a fibrous taping panel 58, as ~pr~sentatively illustrated in Figs. ~5. The fibrous taping panel 58 includes an inner surface 60 which is bonded to the outer cover 42 of the di,posAI le diaper 40. The fibrous taping panel 58 also includes a fibrous outer surface 62 which is ~p~hlQ of providing adhesive bon-ling with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56. The cGn,~-.,alion of the outer cover 42 and the fibrous taping panel 58 provides a .~inror~ed composite ,.,alelial to which the adhesive tape ra~lenel:, 54 and 56 can be adhesively secured.
In a particular embodiment, the fibrous taping panel 58 may be provided directly by the outer cover 42 of the dispc-~''e diaper 40 without requiring a sepa-dle panel. In such a configuration, the outer cover 42 cGlllplises a ",ale,ial which includes a fibrous outer surface 62 which is c~r~hl~ of providing adhesive bonding with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 30 56. The alelial used to provide such an outer cover 42 should also provide the desired levels of strength, adhesion to the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56, resislance to contamination, and appea-dnce. For ease of understanding, much of the following - desc.iplioll of the present invention will be made in terms of using a separ~le fibrous taping panel 58 which is bonded to the outer cover 42 of the dispos-'!e diaper 40 to provide adhesive bonding with the adhesive tape rasten6,s 54 and 56. Nonetheless, it is to be understood that the fibrous taping panel 58 may be provided by the outer cover 42 without requiring the addiliGn of a separdle panel.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 The fibrous outer surface 62 of the fibrous taping panel 58 co",p,ises fibers which are ~p~hle of withstanding a peeling removal of the adhesive tape raslener:, 54 and 56 ther~r,ur,, without contaminating the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56. The adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 can then be adhesively applied to peelingly removed from andreapp' ed to the fibrous outer surface 62 of the fibrous taping panel 58 a plurality of times.
The individual fibers of the fibrous taping panel 58 can dissipate the energy which exists when the wearer exerts forces on the adhesive tape fastening system.
The inner surface 60 of the fibrous taping panel 58 may be joined to the outer cover 42 by any means known to those skilled in the art. For example, the inner surface 60 of the fibrous taping panel 58 and the outer cover 42 may be joined together using adhesive, thermal or ulL.dsonic bonds. The bonding of the outer cover 42 and fibrous taping panel 58 must be of sufficient strength such that the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 can be peelingly removed without dela",;.,alion between the outer cover 42 and fibrous taping panel 58.
Such boncling techniques may also be used to join any of the other various col"ponents of the ~lispos~hle diaper 40 together.
The fibrous taping panel 58 can include any fibrous material which provides the desired levels of ,~ inrûr~;el"ent of the outer cover 42, ~dl,esion to the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56" ~sislance to contamination and appearance. Various woven, knitted and nonwoven ",dle,ials can be used for the fibrous taping panel 58. For example, the fibrous taping panel 58 may be col"posed of a woven or knitted ."alelial such as a woven nylon material. The fibrous taping panel 58 may also be composed of a meltblown or spunbond web of polyolefin fibers or a bonded-carded web cGn,posed of natural and/or synthetic fibers.
The fibrous taping panel 58 may also be an elastomeric material such as elaslumeric woven knitted and nonwoven ",alerials and laminates or cor,-posi(as of elastomeric films e.g., natural or synthetic rubber; elaslol"e,ic foams e.g., urethane foams; elastomeric woven and nonwoven ",alelials with other elaslor"eric or non-elastomeric ",alarials, e.g. neck-bonded laminates or stretch-bonded lar"inales; and the like. Such elaslol"eric ",alerials are particularly useful for the fibrous taping panel 58 when the outer cover 42 is also an elastomeric or sl,atchable ",alelial.
When a woven material is used for the fibrous taping panel 58, the fibrous taping panel 58 generally cGIllpiises a fabric having from about 11.8 to about 23.6 wales per centimeter (about 30 to about 60 wales per inch) and from about 7.8 to about 59.0 courses per CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 ~er,ti",eter (about 20 to about 150 courses per inch). The fabric generally cG",p~ises fibers ciesi,dbly nylon fibers or a ~",b.ndlion of fibers such as a blend of nylon and Iycra fibers which provides the desired levels of adhesion and r~sialance to conLan,i"dlion. Typically at least 50 percenl of the fibers are ~r"posed of fibers having about 2.22 to about 6.67 tex (a 5 denier (d) of from about 20 to about 60 d). The fabric also may have a basis weight of from about 39.1 to about 391 grams per square meter (about 1.0 to about 10.0 ounces per square yard).
In a particular embodiment of the present invention the fibrous taping panel 58 is a woven lo ",ale,ial cor"~lising 100 percent nylon fibers having about 4.44 tex (a denier of about 40 d), and which has a basis weight of about 82.1 grams per square meter (about 2.1 ounces per square yard). For example the fibrous taping panel 58 may cGl"p,ise a woven or knitted nylon material which is commercially available from Guilford Mills Inc. a business having offices located in Greensboro North Carolina under the trade designdlion Style #30433 or #18203.
When a nonwoven n,alenal is used for the fibrous taping panel 58 the fibrous taping panel 58 generally co",p(ises fibeK having about 0.167 to about 0.556 tex (a denier of from about 1.5 to about 5.0 d) and desi,dbly from about 0.278 to about 0.333 tex (about 2.5 to about 3.0 20 d) for improved pe,rol",ance. The nonwoven "~al~,ial may also have a basis weight of from about 51 to about 102 grams per square meter and a density of from about 0.15 to about 0.40 grams per cubic cenli",eler. The nonwoven material may include any types of fibers which provide the desired levels of adl,esion and rt:sislance to contamination. The fibers may include both single cor"ponent and t~ ."ponent fibers. Sl~it~h'E single component 25 fibers include natural and/or synthetic fibers such as polyolefin fibers or nylon fibers.
Suitable t-~c."ponent hbers may include co",posile sheath/core type kicor"ponenl fibers such as polyethyiene/polypropylene or polyethylene/nylon sheath/core fibers.
The sheath/core type t.. ~n,ponenl fibers of the nonwoven malelial may also have a sheath to core ratio of at least about 50:50 and desirably at least about 80:20 by weight to provide improved adhesion between the fibrous taping panel 58 and adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56. For example the fibrous taping panel 58 may include ti~mponenl fibers of thesheath/core type having a nylon core and polyethylene sheath and a sheath to core ratio of at least 80:20 to provide improved adhesion. Such a nonwoven ",alelial is commercially available from Kimberiy-Clark Corp. a business having offices located in Roswell Georgia under the trade desig"alion Pravek #011394-1.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the fibrous taping panel 58 may be a meltblown nonwoven material cû,,,p,i:,i,,g polyethylene/polypropylene kicD",ponenl fibers having about 0.306 tex (a denier of about 2.75 d) a sheath to core ratio of at least about 80:20, and which has a basis weight of 78.2 grams per square centimeter (2.0 ounces per square yard). For example, the fibrous taping panel 58 may comp,ise a meltblown nonwoven ",ale,ial which is commercially available from Kimberly-Clark Corp. under the trade designalion Pravek#010594-1.
Typically many of the fibers used to provide the materials for the fibrous taping panel have a finish which is applied in the fo""alion process. The ",ale,ials used to provide the fibrous taping panel 58 may addi~iona 'y be treated or coated after the materials have been formed to provide the desired level of adhesion and resistance to contamination. However, the use of such a coating on the fibrous outer surface 62 of the fibrous taping panel 58 may undesirably affect the softness flexibility and appearance of the disp~s-~ e absorbent article. Thus in a particular cost effective embodiment, the fibrous outer surface 62 of the fibrous taping panel 58 is not treated or coated after being formed. Such an uncoated outer surface 62 is generally softer more flexible and more aesthetically pleasing than a coated outer surface 62.
The fibrous taping panel 58 can be of any desired size and shape to provide the desired adhesive tape fastening system. As representatively illustrated in Figs. 3-5 the fibrous taping panel 58 may be located on the longitudinal side pollions of the front section of the outer cover 42 of the ~I;spos~hle diaper 40. In such a configuration the adhesive tape fasleners 54 and 56 are located in the back section of the diaper 40 such that the faslenera 54 and 56 may be adhesively secured to the fibrous taping panel 58 to posilion the diaper 40 about the wearer. Altematively, the fibrous taping panel 58 and the adhesive tape faslel1e~
54 and 56 may be located on the back section and front section of the outer cover 42 of the diaper 40, respectively. When the fibrous taping panel 58 is composed of an elaslul,,e,ic ",alelial, the fibrous taping panel 58 can also be positioned to provide either a front or back elastic waistband to provide a better fit of the diaper 40 about the wearer.
The fibrous taping panel 58 may include a single sheet of ",ale,ial or multiple sheets of material which are independently posilioned to allow for the adhesive secu~",enl of each adhesive tape raslener 54 and 56. In the illustrated el"bodi",enl, the fibrous taping panel 58 includes a single sheet of ",alelial which has a length 64 and a width 66. Desirably, the length 64 and width 66 of the fibrous taping panel 58 are sufficient to provide a large zone of fastenability for the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 to adjust for the size of the wearer.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 For exd",ple, when a single sheet of ",aleiial is used for the fibrous taping panel 58, the fibrous taping panel 58 may have a length 64 of at least about 7.5 cenli",etera and desi,ably from about 12.5 to about 25 cenli",etera and a width 66 of at least about 2.5 centimeters and desirably from about 3.8 to about 6.4 centimeters.
s Desi,dbly, the fibrous taping panel 58 is configured to ade~u~tPly ,~,i"ror~e the outer cover 42 such that the n i"ror~ed cGIllposile of the fibrous taping panel 58 and the outer cover 42 can withstand the peeling removal of the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 therefrom without tearing. For exa" Fle, in a particular embodiment, the fibrous taping panel 58 has a tensile sllenylll of at least about 220 Newtons (about 50.0 pounds-force), and desirably within the range of from about 220 to about 378 Newtons (about 50.0 to about 85 pounds-force) to reduce tearing. In addi~ion, the reinrorced composite of the fibrous taping panel 58 and outer cover 42 may be configured to have a cGillposile tensile alll:nylh of at least about 267 Newtons (about 60 pounds-force), and desirably within the range of from about 267 to about 467 Newtons (about 60 to about 105 pounds-force) to reduce tearing.
The fibrous taping panel 58 of the adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention is configured to provide sufficient bonding with the adhesive tape rasleners 54 and 56 to provide a secure and reliable fastening of the diaper 40 about the wearer. To provide the desired level of adhesive secu,~",enl and reliability, the fibrous taping panel 58 of the adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention must provide sufficient shear sl~nyll, with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56. As used herein the term "shear al,engll," refers to the shear sl,engll, value determined according to the Dynamic Shear Test as set forth below in connel,lion with the examples. The direction of shear of the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 from the fibrous taping panel 58 is that direction in which leosion is generally exerted on the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 when the diaper 40 is in use.
This di,~.,lion is generally perpendicular to a longitudinal centerline of the diaper 40 and in the same plane of the diaper 40.
In a particular el"bocli",ent, the fibrous taping panel 58 provides a shear strength upon a first fastening with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 of at least about 2.67 Newtons (about 0.6 pounds-force), desirably at least about 3.56 Newtons (about 0.8 pounds-force) and more ~ desirably from about 4.45 to about 17.8 Newtons (about 1.0 to about 4.0 pounds-force).
3s Typically, after the first fastening to the fibrous taping panel 58, the adhesive tape raslenera 54 and 56 may be peelingly removed from and ~raslened to the fibrous taping panel 58 one or more times to adjust the fit of the diaper 40 about the wearer and check the diaper 40 for CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 soiling. Desir~bly the fibrous taping panel 58 provides sufficient shear sll~nglll with the adhesive tape rdslenera 54 and 56 for multiple refastenings. For example it is desirable that the fibrous taping panel 58 provides a shear slr~ngll, with the adhesive tape fasl~l)era 54 and 56 of at least about 2.67 Newtons (about 0.6 pounds-force) and desirably at least about 5 3.56 Newtons (about 0.8 pounds-force) upon a third fastening. In a particular e",bodi",enL
the shear sl,~nglh between the fibrous taping panel 58 and the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 upon the third fastening is at least about 50 percent and desirably at least about 80 per~enl of the shear sl,~ngll, upon the first fastening.
10 Typically convenlional ",ale,;als used to reinforce the outer cover 42 have not been resistant to contamination by foreign suL.slances such as oils and powders resulting in undesirable adhesive tape fastening systems. The fibrous taping panel 58 of the present invention is desirably resistant to such contamination by foreign substances to provide improved l.! -"ility. For example in a particular embodiment the fibrous taping panel 58 provides a shear sl,~ngll, with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 of at least about 1.78 Newtons (about 0.40 pounds-force) and desirably at least about 2.67 Newtons (about 0.60 pounds-force) in the presence of mineral oil as tested acco,di"g to the Conla",indliGn Resislance Test set forth in connection with the Examples below. In a particular embodiment the shear sl,t:ngll, between the fibrous taping panel 58 and the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 in the pr~sence of mineral oil a~or~l;ng to the Contamination Resisla,-ce Test is at least about 50 percent and desirably at least about 80 percent of the shear strength upon the first fastening accord;ng to the Dynamic Shear Test and in the absence of mineral oil.
The fibrous taping panel 58 of the adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention also provides a peel al,~:nyll, with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56. As used herein the term "peel strength" refers to the peel ~ nyll, value determined according to the Peel St,~"gll, Test as set forth below in connection with the examples. The peel strength is generally the peak load required to peelingly remove an adhesive tape fastener from a substrate such as a di,pos~hle absorbent article. The direction of removal (peel) of the adhesive tape fastener from the substrate is that direction in which the adhesive tape fastenér would generally be removed from a substrate when the product is in use. This direction is generally perpendicular to a longitudinal centerline of the product.
In a particular er"boclimenl the fibrous taping panel 58 provides a peel strength with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 of from about 0.89 to about 5.34 Newtons (about 0.20 to about 1.20 pounds-force) and desirably from about 2.22 to about 4.45 Newtons (about 0.50 to about 1.00 pounds-force). It is desirable that the fibrous taping panel 58 provide a high W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 shear al,~ngtl) and ~de~u~te peel sl,~"yll, with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 to maintain the absorbent article about the waist of the wearer while allowing an ease of fastening and refastening without tearing. Accordingly, in anotl,er particular e",bodil"enl, the fibrous taping panel 58 provides a shear sl,engll, with the adhesive tape ra:.l~ne,a 54 and 56 of at least about 4.45 Newtons (about 1.0 pounds-force) and a peel sl,t:nylh with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 of no more than about 3.56 Newtons (about 0.80pounds-force). Desirably, the peel strength is no more than about 75 percent, and desirably no more than about 50 percent, of the shear sllt:rlglll to provide improved pe,ru""ance and customer acceplance.
lû
Thus, the adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention provides the desired level of adl,esiol~ and r~faslenability while Illa;lllailling the flexibility, fit and appea,c"~ce of the articles. In adclilion, the fibrous taping panel of the fastening system can provide sufficient adhesion with the adhesive tape fasteners even when contaminated with foreign sul,~lances such as powders and oils.
The following examr'es are given to provide a more detailed understanding of the present invention. The particular materials, amounts, propo, lions and parameters are exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Exall r'es Tensile Strenqth Test This test procedure determines the peak tensile load, measured in pounds-force, of a male~ial when only a portion of the sample ",aLe,ial width is centrally gripped by the testing equipment.
Equipment 1. Tensile tester caF?'~le of obtaining a peak load and equipped with an apprup,iale load cell. A s~ ''e tensile testing system is a Sintech Tensile Tester, cG."",er~ially available from MTS Sintech, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, under the trade desiyllaliGn Instron Model 5213 Tensile Tester with Sintech QAD (Quality Assurance Depd,l",ent) Software.
The present invention relates to an adhesive tape fastening system and disposable absorbent article incorporating same.
The use of adhesive tape fastening systems on disposable abso,L,ent articles which are adapted to be worn about the body of a wearer such as diapers training pants adult i"cor,li,lence products feminine care products and the like is well known. The adhesive tape fastening systems are used to fasten the article about the body of a wearer. Typically 10 the convenlional adhesive tape fastening systems utilize pressure-sensitive adhesive tape fasteners which can be rele~sed and r~raslened a plurality of times onto a specific fastening zone of the outer cover of the article. For example refastenable adhesive tape fasteners have been used on liispos~hle diapers to allow a refastening of the diaper about the wearer as may be required after the diaper is inspected to see if it has been soiled. Generally it has 15 been desirable that the adhesive tape fastening systems have a high shear sl,~"yll, to ",ai"lain the article about the wearer for an extended period of time. Such adhesive tape fastening systems have also had a high peel sl,enylll.
The materials used to provide the outer cover of the disposable absorbent articles are 20 typically thin and do not have sufficient sl,~nyll, to will,~land the peeling forces generated by the removal of the adhesive tape fasteners. The maLerials can tear and residual ",alerial may remain attached to the adhesive tape raslener~. As a result the adhesive tape rasleners and the disposable absorbent article may be rendered unusable. In addition the ",ale,ials used to provide the outer cover of the ~iispos-~le absorbent articles typically do not 25 allow sufficient adhesive bonding with the adhesive tape fasteners to provide a reliable fastening about the wearer. Some of the ",ale,ials used to provide the outer cover may also be susceptible to contamination from foreign substances such as ointments powders oils and the like which can adversely affect tape adhesion.
30 Several convenlional techni~ues have been used to n inro,.;e the outer cover in the ~ faslening zone of the article and provide for sufficient adhesive bonding with the adhesive tape fasteners. One such techn--~ue includes the appli-~tion of a thin layer of an adhesive coating to the outer cover in the fd:,leni"g zone to ~ nyll,en the outer cover. Another conventional techni~ue includes the inco"~oralion of a r~;nfor~;e",ent layer or panel which 35 coll,plises a plastic film affixed to the inner or outer surface of the outer cover in the faslen;"g zone. Typically, the rei"forcei"ent layer or panel has been a layer of a polyethylene or polypropylene film.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 Convenliollal techniques of providing adhesive tape fastening of disposable abso,Lenl articles about a wearer, such as those described above, have not been COll r'et?ly salisraclory. For example, the conver,lional techniques which utilize a r~,i.,for~;e",enl layer CfSIIlpliSill9 a plastic film have undesirably degraded the appearance of the outer cover of the d;spesc '~le absorbent article. When the plastic film is affixed to the inner surface of the outer cover, the bonding or adhesive pattern can undesirably show through the outer cover. When the plastic film is affixed to the outer surface of the ",alerial, there can be an undesirable cont,d~l between the plastic film ~inrfjrcel"ent layer and the rest of the absolbent article.
10 This appea,dnce problem is particularly acute when the outer cover is a fibrous ",aterial. In addition, the plastic film ,_inforce",enl layer has been typically stiff and inelastic which has undesirably affected the flexibility and fit of the article about the wearer. The plastic film malelials used to provide the ~ei"ror~ement layer have also been particularly susceptible to contamination from oils and the like which can adversely affect tape adhesion.
Further, some of the conver,lional techr,--~ues which utilize a plastic film ,~;nrorcemenL layer have only been able to acl,ievc the required level of shear strength with the adhesive tape fasteners while having an u"desi,dbly high peel sl,er,gll,. Such high peel strengths with the adhesive tape fasteners can result in increased tearing and reduced consumer acceplance.
Thus, the convenlional lechni~lJes of providing adhesive tape fastening for dispcs-~le absorbent articles have not provided the desired level of adhesion and rerasleoability while maintaining the flexibility, fit and appearance of the articles.
The present invention intends to overcome these pr b!ems. The object is solved by the adhesive tape fastening system according to independent claim 1 and further by the f~;~posA~le absorbent article of independent claim 29.
Further advantages, features, AspectC and details of the invention are evident from the 30 dependent claims, the desc(i~.lion and the ac c o",pa"ying drawings. The claims are intended to be underalood as a first non-limiting approa-,l, to defining the invention in general terms.
In response to the f~iscussed difficulties and pr.blems, a new adhesive tape fastening system and ~li,posAi le absorbent article inco",ordling the same have been discovered.
In one aspect, the present invention contellls an adhesive tape fastening system which is AdApled for use on a disposable absorbent article. The adhesive tape fastening system CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95tl6B60 co,.,p,ises an adhesive tape ra:,lener a substrate layer and a fibrous taping panel. The fibrous taping panel is bonded to the substrate layer and includes a fibrous outer surface which is capable of providing adhesive bonding with the adhesive tape faslener. The fibrous taping panel provides a shear slleli~tll with the adhesive tape ~aslener of at least about 2.67 5 Newtons (about 0.60 pounds-force) upon a first fastening. In a particular aspect the fibrous outer surface of the fibrous taping panel cGr"p,ises fibers which are capable of witl,sla,)ding a peeling removal of the adhesive tape fastener thert:r,u,,, without u "acceplably contaminating the adhesive tape fastener to allow a refastening of the adhesive tape fastener to the fibrous outer surface.
In another particular aspect the fibrous taping panel provides a shear sl,~nyll, with the adhesive tape fastener of at least about 2.67 Newtons (about 0.60 pounds-force) aHer a third fastening of the adhesive tape fastener to the fibrous taping panel. The shear sl,~ngll, with the adhesive tape fastener after the third fastening is at least about 50 percent of the 15 shear sl,e"gll, after the first fastening of the adhesive tape fastener to the fibrous taping panel.
In still another aspect the present invention conce",s a .liap~se :'e abso,Lenl article which coi"plises an outer cover a bodyside liner an absorbent core ~isposed between the bodyside liner and the outer cover and an adhesive tape fastening system. The adhesive tape fastening system col"p,ises an adhesive tape fastener which is connecled to a longitudinal side portion of said disposable absorbent article and a fibrous taping panel which is bonded to the outer cover. The fibrous taping panel includes a fibrous outer surface which is capable of providing adhesive bondi"9 with the adhesive tape faslener. The fibrous taping panel provides a shear ~ nyll, with the adhesive tape fastener of at least about 2.67 Newtons (about 0.60 pounds-force) upon a first fastening.
The present invention will be more fully understood and further advantages will become appar~nl when ,~ference is made to the r~ wi..9 detailed des- ,iplion of the invention and the accolnpanying drawings. The drawings are merely representative and are not i"lended ~ to limit the scope of the claims.
~ Fig. 1 representatively shows a top plan view of an example of an adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 .~prese"ldli~/ely shows a cross-sectional view of the adhesive tape fastening system of Fig. 1 taken along line 2-2;
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 Fig. 3 representatively shows a top plan view of a disp~s-~le diaper incG".ordling the adhesive tape fastening system according to the presenL invention;
5 Fig. 4l~presenldli-/ely shows a cross-sectional view of the disposable diaper of Fig. 3 taken along line 1 4;
Fig. 5 ,epresenldli~ely shows the appr~xi"~ale configuration of a disposable diaper when placed on a wearer; and Fig. 6 representatively shows a graph illustrating the shear slrenglh of the fibrous taping panel of the present invention upon multiple fastenings.
The present invention relates to an adhesive tape fastening system which is adapted for use 15 on a dispcselrle abso,L,enl article and a disposable absorbent article incoi~or~ling the same.
The term "disposable abso,L,enl article" is intended to refer to any disposable article intended to be wom and attached to a wearer to absorb discha,yed body fluids. E3~dll ~les of d;spcs-~'e absorbent articles include diapers, adult inconli,)ence products, training pants, feminine care products and the like. For ease of understanding much of the f~ ,;ng desc,i~lion of the presenl invention will be made in terms of using the adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention on d;SPOSAhIe diapers. Nonetheless, it is to be u"deralood that the adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention is equally suited for use on any other-l;spos~hlc absorbent article.
As representatively illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the adhesive tape fastening system of the presenL invention co"",,ises an adhesive tape fastener 20 a s-,~sl,dle layer 22 and a fibrous taping panel 24. The fibrous taping panel 24 includes an inner surface 26 which is bonded to the substrate layer 22 and a fibrous outer surface 28 which is ~p~ of providing adhesive bonding with the adhesive tape fastener 20. The fibrous taping panel 24 and substrate layer 22, in combination, provide a co,nposile ~ i ,ro,ced substrate 30 which is car~hl~ of will,slanding a peeling removal of the adhesive tape fastener 20 therefrom subslanlially without tearing.
The fibrous outer surface 28 of the fibrous taping panel 24 col"prises fibers which are also capable of witl,slanding a peeling removal of the adhesive tape fastener 20 ther~r,ur,, without contaminating the adhesive tape fastener 20. This allows multiple fastenings of the adhesive tape fastener 20 to the fibrous outer surface 28. The fibrous taping panel 24iS
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 ~dart~d to provide sufficient shear strength with the adhesive tape fastener 20 without an undesirably high peel strength.
~, The co,nponenla and properties of the adhesive tape rd~lening system of the pr~senl 5 invention will be ~iscussed in more detail below with re~r~,-ce to the use of such a system in a disposable abso,L.enl article such as the d;spcsa~'e diaper representatively illusl-aled in Figs. 3-5. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the dispos~hle diaper 40 generally con)prises an outer cover 42, an inner bodyside liner 44, and an absorbent core 46 located between the outer cover 42 and the bodyside liner 44. Leg el~stics 48 are located generally 10 at the longitudinal edges of the diaper 40. The disposable diaper 40 may further comp,ise a front waist elastic 50 and a rear waist elastic 52.
The outer cover 42 of the ~isposahle diaper 40, as representatively illustrated in Figs. 3-5, may suitably be cGl--posed of a "lale,ial which is either liquid permeable or liquid 15 imperrneable. It is generally p(~rer~ed that the outer cover 42 be formed from a "~alerial which is sub~lanlially impemleable to liquids. It is also desirable that the outer cover 42 be thin and flexible to improve consumer acceplance. For e~dl..ple, a typical outer 42 cover can be manufactured from a thin plastic film or other flexible liquid-impe..n~~~!e ,llalerial. For example, the outer cover 42 may be formed from a polyethylene film having a thickness of from about 0.012 millimeter (0.5 mil) to about 0.051 millimeter (2.0 mils). If it is desired to pr~senl the outer cover 42 with a more clothlike feeling, the outer cover 42 may coll,~-ise a polyethylene film having a nonwoven web laminated to the outer surface thereof, such as a spunbond web of polyolefin fibers. For example, a polyethylene film having a thickness of about 0.015 millimeter (0.6 mil) may have thermally laminated thereto a spunbond web of polyolefin fibers, which fibers have a thickness of about 0.167 tex to 0.389 tex (about 1.5 to 3.5 denier (d)) per rilar.lenl, which nonwoven web has a basis weight of about 24 grams per square meter (0.7 ounces per square yard). Methods of forming such clothlike outer covers are known to those skilled in the art.
Further, the outer cover 42 may be formed of a woven or nonwoven fibrous web layer which has been totally or partially constructed or treated to impart a desired level of liquid illlpel.neability to selected regions that are acljacenl or p,u,~illlale the abso,L,e-ll core 46. Still further, the outer cover 42 may optionally be composed of a micro-porous ur~alhable"
r.lalel~al which permits vapors to escape from the absorbent core 46 while still preventing liquid ~yud~tes from passing through the outer cover 42. The outer cover 42 may also be forrned from an elasloi"e,ic material such as elastomeric films, e.g., natural or synthetic rubber; elastomeric foams, e.g., urethane foams; elas~me,ic nonwoven ..lale,ials, laminates CA 02209l~l l997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 or co"~po~i'~s of such elaslo",eric ",alenals with other elaslo",elic or non-elaslor"eric ",alerials, e.g., neck-bonded laminates or stretch-bonded laminates; and the like.
b The outer cover 42 of the diaper 40 should be very thin and flexible to provide an improved s fitting and aesll,elically pleasing diaper40. Thin, flexible ",ale,ials tend to have relatively low tensile sllt:llylhs. As used herein, the term "tensile ~ nglll" refers to the tensile sl,er,yll, value determined according to the Tensile Stl~nylll Test as set forth below in connection with the examples. As a result, the outer cover 42 is c_p~b'e of supporting only a limited tensile load and is generally unable to \hilhsland the peeling force generated when an 10 adhesive tape fastener is peelingly removed from the outer cover 42. When the outer cover 42 cGI"p~ises a film malerial, the tensile strength of the outer cover 42 is generally less than about 44.5 Newtons (about 10.0 pounds-force), and typically is within the range of from about 32.4 to about 43.5 Newtons (about 7.3 to about 9.8 pounds-force). In an altemative embodiment wherein the outer cover 42 col"prises a fibrous nonwoven material or a laminate COI"plisi"g a fibrous nonwoven ",alerial, the tensile ~Iren~~l1, of the outer cover 42 is generally less than about 52.27 Newtons (about 11.75 pounds-force), and typically is within the range of from about 27.80 to about 52.27 Newtons (about 6.25 to about 11.75 pounds-force).
The bodyside liner 44 of the ~I;5POSA~I~ diaper 40, as representatively illustrated in Figs. 3-5, suitably presents a bodyfacing surface which is col"F' -nt, soft feeling and nonirritating to the wearer's skin. Further, the bodyside liner 44 may be less hydrophilic than the absorbent core 46, to p,~senl a relatively dry surface to the wearer, and may be surricienlly porous to be liquid permeable, pe""i~ling liquid to readily penetrate through its thickness. A sl~it-~le bodyside liner44 may be manufactured from a wide s~l~r,tion of web m2le,ials, such as porous foams, reticu'qted foams, apertured plastic films, natural fibers (for example, wood or cotton fibers), synthetic fibers (for example, polyester or polypropylene fibers), or a combination of natural and synthetic fibers. The bodyside liner 44 is suitably employed to help isolate the weare~s skin from liquids held in the absorbent core 46.
Various woven and nonwoven fabrics can be used for the bodyside liner 44. For example, the bodyside liner may be con,posed of a meltblown or spunbonded web of polyolefin fibers.
The bodyside liner may also be a bonded-carded web composed of natural and/or synthetic fibers. The bodyside liner may be composed of a subslanlially hydr~phobic material, and the hyd~ophobic ",alerial may, oplionally, be treated with a su,rd~lcinl or otherwise processed to impart a desired level of wettability and hydrophilicity. In a particular e"~bo.li",enl of the present invention, the bodyside liner 44 coi"plises a nonwoven, spunbond, polypropylene CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 fabric cGmposed of about 0.311-0.356 tex (about 2.8-3.2 denier) fibers formed into a web having a basis weight of about 22 grams per square meter and a density of about 0.06 gram per cubic centimeter. The fabric is surFace treated with about 0.28 weight percent of a s~"Fac,lanl commercially available from Rohm and Haas Co. under the trade designation 5 Triton X-102.
The abso,Lenl core 46 of the diaper 40, as representatively illustrated in Figs. 3-5, may suitably comp,ise a matrix of hydrophilic fibers, such as a web of cellulosic fluff, mixed v~/ith particles of a high-absorbency material co",r"only known as su~,erdbsG,bent material. In a 10 particular embodiment, the absorbent core 46 cGr"p,ises a mixture of superabsol6ent hydrogel-forming particles and wood pulp fluff. The wood pulp fluff may be exchanged with synthetic, polymeric, meltblown fibers or with a con tn.,alion of meltblown fibers and natural fibers. The supe,dbsolL,ent particles may be sub:,lanlially homogeneously mixed with the hydrophilic fibers or may be nonu"iru""ly mixed. Alternatively, the absorbent core 46 may 15 cor"pnse a laminate of fibrous webs and su~ erdbsolLent ",alerial or other suitable means of maintaining a superabsorbent ")ale~ial in a lo~i~ed area.
The high-absorbency malelial can be sele~d from natural, synthetic and modified natural polymers and malerials. The high-absorbency ",alelials can be i"organic ",aLerials, such as 20 silica gels, or organ-c compounds, such as crosslinked polymers. The term "crosslinked"
refers to any means for effectively ,~:ndering normally water-soluble ",alerials subslanlially water insoluble but swe"-''e. Such means can indude, for e,~d,l,~'e, physical entanglement, crystalline domains, covalent bonds, ionic com~'?-~es and ~sso~:~lions, hydrophilic ~ssod~lions such as hydrogen boncJing, and hydrophobic ~ssoci~'ions or Van der Waals 25 forces.
Exan,ples of synthetic, poiymeric, high-absorbency materials include the alkali metal and a"""on.urn salts of poly(acrylic acid) and poly(methacrylic acid), poly(acryla",ides), poly(vinyl ethers), maleic anhydride copolymers with vinyl ethers and alpha-olefins, poly(vinyl 3 o pyrolidone), poly(vinyl morpholinone), poly(vinyl alcohol), and mixtures and copolymers thereof. Further polymers suit~hle for use in the absorbent core include natural and modified natural polymers, such as hydrolyzed acrylonitrile-grafted starch, acrylic acid grafted starch, ~ methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cell ~'ose, and the natural gums, such as alginates, xanthum gum, locust bean gum, and the like. Mixtures of natural and 35 wholly or partially synthetic abso,benl polymers can also be useful in the pr~senl invention.
CA 02209l~l l997-06-27 The high abso,l,ency ",alerial may be in any of a wide variety of geometric forms. As a general rule, it is pr~rei,ed that the high abso,bency ",ale,ial be in the form of disc~ele particles. However, the high absorbency ",alelial may also be in the form of fibers, flakes, rods, spheres, needles, or the like. As a general nule, the high absorbency malenal is present in the absorbent core in an amount of from about 5 to about 100 weight percent based on total weight of the absorbent core 46.
Specific e~dr"Fles of ~I;sposAhlE diapers on which the adhesive tape fastening system of the presenl invention may be utilized are ~I;sclosed in the r~ ing u.s. Patents and U.S. Patent ~ ions: U.S. 4,798,603 issued January 17, 1989, to Meyer et al.; U.S. 5,176,668 issued January 5, 1993, to Bernardin; U.S. 5,176,672 issued January 5, 1993, to Bnuemmer et al.; U.S. 5,192,606 issued March 9, 1993, to Proxmire et al., and U.S. Patent Applir~lio Serial No. 08/096,654 filed July 22, 1993, in the name of Hanson et al.
As representatively illustrated in Figs. 3-5, the .lisposable diaper 40 also includes an adhesive tape fastening system. The adhesive tape fastening system includes adhesive tape rasleners 54 and 56 which are connected to the longitudinal side po, lions of the diaper 40. The adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 are well known to those skilled in the art and can include any tape fasteners which provide the desired levels of adhesion and refaslenability. Typically, the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 include a substrate layer to which a layer of adhesive is bonded. The layer of adhesive is pr~cferdbly a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive. S~~it~hle adhesive tape fasteners 54, 56 include those commercially available from Koester GmbH & Co., a business having offices in Allendo,r, Germany, under the trade designalion BF33-4. Other suit~lQ adhesive tape fasteners include those commercially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul, Minnesota, under the trade desiyndlion KR3233.
Generally, it is desi~able that the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 have a high level of adhesion such that the adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention can advantageously provide a more secure fastening of the ~ispos~hlc absoll,enl article about the wearer. The high levels of adhesion provide adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 which are less susceptible to an inadvertent or premature release caused by the move",enls of an active wearer during use. The high levels of adhesion also provide adhesive tape rasleners 54 and 56 which are less susceplible to contamination by foreign ",alelials such as, for example, powders and oils.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096t20685 PCTrUS95/16860 However, the high levels of adhesion of the adhesive tape faslener~ 54 and 56 may readily tear the outer cover 42 of the diaper 40 when the faslenera 54 and 56 are adhesively applied to and peelingly removed from the outer cover 42. This is particularly true when the outer cover 42 is a thin film material. Tearing of the outer cover 42 can adversely affect the ability of the outer cover 42 to act as a barrier to the flow of liquids. In additio", any tom pieces may contaminate the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 and undesi,ably reduce their rerasler,ability.
When the outer cover 42 co",p(iâes a woven, knitted or nonwoven ",alelial, the high levels lo of adhesion of the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 may also tear individual fibers away from the outer cover 42 when the fasteners 54 and 56 are adhesively applied to and peelingly removed from the outer cover 42. The woven, knitted and nonwoven n,ale,ials which can be used to provide the outer cover 42 typically are soft, compliant and flexible.
Such mdle,ials generally have individual fibers which are easily tom away which may result in the contamination of the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56.
To improve the adhesion and r~faslenability of the adhesive tape raslener~ 54 and 56, the adhesive tape fastening system of the presenl invention includes a fibrous taping panel 58, as ~pr~sentatively illustrated in Figs. ~5. The fibrous taping panel 58 includes an inner surface 60 which is bonded to the outer cover 42 of the di,posAI le diaper 40. The fibrous taping panel 58 also includes a fibrous outer surface 62 which is ~p~hlQ of providing adhesive bon-ling with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56. The cGn,~-.,alion of the outer cover 42 and the fibrous taping panel 58 provides a .~inror~ed composite ,.,alelial to which the adhesive tape ra~lenel:, 54 and 56 can be adhesively secured.
In a particular embodiment, the fibrous taping panel 58 may be provided directly by the outer cover 42 of the dispc-~''e diaper 40 without requiring a sepa-dle panel. In such a configuration, the outer cover 42 cGlllplises a ",ale,ial which includes a fibrous outer surface 62 which is c~r~hl~ of providing adhesive bonding with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 30 56. The alelial used to provide such an outer cover 42 should also provide the desired levels of strength, adhesion to the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56, resislance to contamination, and appea-dnce. For ease of understanding, much of the following - desc.iplioll of the present invention will be made in terms of using a separ~le fibrous taping panel 58 which is bonded to the outer cover 42 of the dispos-'!e diaper 40 to provide adhesive bonding with the adhesive tape rasten6,s 54 and 56. Nonetheless, it is to be understood that the fibrous taping panel 58 may be provided by the outer cover 42 without requiring the addiliGn of a separdle panel.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 The fibrous outer surface 62 of the fibrous taping panel 58 co",p,ises fibers which are ~p~hle of withstanding a peeling removal of the adhesive tape raslener:, 54 and 56 ther~r,ur,, without contaminating the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56. The adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 can then be adhesively applied to peelingly removed from andreapp' ed to the fibrous outer surface 62 of the fibrous taping panel 58 a plurality of times.
The individual fibers of the fibrous taping panel 58 can dissipate the energy which exists when the wearer exerts forces on the adhesive tape fastening system.
The inner surface 60 of the fibrous taping panel 58 may be joined to the outer cover 42 by any means known to those skilled in the art. For example, the inner surface 60 of the fibrous taping panel 58 and the outer cover 42 may be joined together using adhesive, thermal or ulL.dsonic bonds. The bonding of the outer cover 42 and fibrous taping panel 58 must be of sufficient strength such that the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 can be peelingly removed without dela",;.,alion between the outer cover 42 and fibrous taping panel 58.
Such boncling techniques may also be used to join any of the other various col"ponents of the ~lispos~hle diaper 40 together.
The fibrous taping panel 58 can include any fibrous material which provides the desired levels of ,~ inrûr~;el"ent of the outer cover 42, ~dl,esion to the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56" ~sislance to contamination and appearance. Various woven, knitted and nonwoven ",dle,ials can be used for the fibrous taping panel 58. For example, the fibrous taping panel 58 may be col"posed of a woven or knitted ."alelial such as a woven nylon material. The fibrous taping panel 58 may also be composed of a meltblown or spunbond web of polyolefin fibers or a bonded-carded web cGn,posed of natural and/or synthetic fibers.
The fibrous taping panel 58 may also be an elastomeric material such as elaslumeric woven knitted and nonwoven ",alerials and laminates or cor,-posi(as of elastomeric films e.g., natural or synthetic rubber; elaslol"e,ic foams e.g., urethane foams; elastomeric woven and nonwoven ",alelials with other elaslor"eric or non-elastomeric ",alarials, e.g. neck-bonded laminates or stretch-bonded lar"inales; and the like. Such elaslol"eric ",alerials are particularly useful for the fibrous taping panel 58 when the outer cover 42 is also an elastomeric or sl,atchable ",alelial.
When a woven material is used for the fibrous taping panel 58, the fibrous taping panel 58 generally cGIllpiises a fabric having from about 11.8 to about 23.6 wales per centimeter (about 30 to about 60 wales per inch) and from about 7.8 to about 59.0 courses per CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 ~er,ti",eter (about 20 to about 150 courses per inch). The fabric generally cG",p~ises fibers ciesi,dbly nylon fibers or a ~",b.ndlion of fibers such as a blend of nylon and Iycra fibers which provides the desired levels of adhesion and r~sialance to conLan,i"dlion. Typically at least 50 percenl of the fibers are ~r"posed of fibers having about 2.22 to about 6.67 tex (a 5 denier (d) of from about 20 to about 60 d). The fabric also may have a basis weight of from about 39.1 to about 391 grams per square meter (about 1.0 to about 10.0 ounces per square yard).
In a particular embodiment of the present invention the fibrous taping panel 58 is a woven lo ",ale,ial cor"~lising 100 percent nylon fibers having about 4.44 tex (a denier of about 40 d), and which has a basis weight of about 82.1 grams per square meter (about 2.1 ounces per square yard). For example the fibrous taping panel 58 may cGl"p,ise a woven or knitted nylon material which is commercially available from Guilford Mills Inc. a business having offices located in Greensboro North Carolina under the trade designdlion Style #30433 or #18203.
When a nonwoven n,alenal is used for the fibrous taping panel 58 the fibrous taping panel 58 generally co",p(ises fibeK having about 0.167 to about 0.556 tex (a denier of from about 1.5 to about 5.0 d) and desi,dbly from about 0.278 to about 0.333 tex (about 2.5 to about 3.0 20 d) for improved pe,rol",ance. The nonwoven "~al~,ial may also have a basis weight of from about 51 to about 102 grams per square meter and a density of from about 0.15 to about 0.40 grams per cubic cenli",eler. The nonwoven material may include any types of fibers which provide the desired levels of adl,esion and rt:sislance to contamination. The fibers may include both single cor"ponent and t~ ."ponent fibers. Sl~it~h'E single component 25 fibers include natural and/or synthetic fibers such as polyolefin fibers or nylon fibers.
Suitable t-~c."ponent hbers may include co",posile sheath/core type kicor"ponenl fibers such as polyethyiene/polypropylene or polyethylene/nylon sheath/core fibers.
The sheath/core type t.. ~n,ponenl fibers of the nonwoven malelial may also have a sheath to core ratio of at least about 50:50 and desirably at least about 80:20 by weight to provide improved adhesion between the fibrous taping panel 58 and adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56. For example the fibrous taping panel 58 may include ti~mponenl fibers of thesheath/core type having a nylon core and polyethylene sheath and a sheath to core ratio of at least 80:20 to provide improved adhesion. Such a nonwoven ",alelial is commercially available from Kimberiy-Clark Corp. a business having offices located in Roswell Georgia under the trade desig"alion Pravek #011394-1.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the fibrous taping panel 58 may be a meltblown nonwoven material cû,,,p,i:,i,,g polyethylene/polypropylene kicD",ponenl fibers having about 0.306 tex (a denier of about 2.75 d) a sheath to core ratio of at least about 80:20, and which has a basis weight of 78.2 grams per square centimeter (2.0 ounces per square yard). For example, the fibrous taping panel 58 may comp,ise a meltblown nonwoven ",ale,ial which is commercially available from Kimberly-Clark Corp. under the trade designalion Pravek#010594-1.
Typically many of the fibers used to provide the materials for the fibrous taping panel have a finish which is applied in the fo""alion process. The ",ale,ials used to provide the fibrous taping panel 58 may addi~iona 'y be treated or coated after the materials have been formed to provide the desired level of adhesion and resistance to contamination. However, the use of such a coating on the fibrous outer surface 62 of the fibrous taping panel 58 may undesirably affect the softness flexibility and appearance of the disp~s-~ e absorbent article. Thus in a particular cost effective embodiment, the fibrous outer surface 62 of the fibrous taping panel 58 is not treated or coated after being formed. Such an uncoated outer surface 62 is generally softer more flexible and more aesthetically pleasing than a coated outer surface 62.
The fibrous taping panel 58 can be of any desired size and shape to provide the desired adhesive tape fastening system. As representatively illustrated in Figs. 3-5 the fibrous taping panel 58 may be located on the longitudinal side pollions of the front section of the outer cover 42 of the ~I;spos~hle diaper 40. In such a configuration the adhesive tape fasleners 54 and 56 are located in the back section of the diaper 40 such that the faslenera 54 and 56 may be adhesively secured to the fibrous taping panel 58 to posilion the diaper 40 about the wearer. Altematively, the fibrous taping panel 58 and the adhesive tape faslel1e~
54 and 56 may be located on the back section and front section of the outer cover 42 of the diaper 40, respectively. When the fibrous taping panel 58 is composed of an elaslul,,e,ic ",alelial, the fibrous taping panel 58 can also be positioned to provide either a front or back elastic waistband to provide a better fit of the diaper 40 about the wearer.
The fibrous taping panel 58 may include a single sheet of ",ale,ial or multiple sheets of material which are independently posilioned to allow for the adhesive secu~",enl of each adhesive tape raslener 54 and 56. In the illustrated el"bodi",enl, the fibrous taping panel 58 includes a single sheet of ",alelial which has a length 64 and a width 66. Desirably, the length 64 and width 66 of the fibrous taping panel 58 are sufficient to provide a large zone of fastenability for the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 to adjust for the size of the wearer.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 For exd",ple, when a single sheet of ",aleiial is used for the fibrous taping panel 58, the fibrous taping panel 58 may have a length 64 of at least about 7.5 cenli",etera and desi,ably from about 12.5 to about 25 cenli",etera and a width 66 of at least about 2.5 centimeters and desirably from about 3.8 to about 6.4 centimeters.
s Desi,dbly, the fibrous taping panel 58 is configured to ade~u~tPly ,~,i"ror~e the outer cover 42 such that the n i"ror~ed cGIllposile of the fibrous taping panel 58 and the outer cover 42 can withstand the peeling removal of the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 therefrom without tearing. For exa" Fle, in a particular embodiment, the fibrous taping panel 58 has a tensile sllenylll of at least about 220 Newtons (about 50.0 pounds-force), and desirably within the range of from about 220 to about 378 Newtons (about 50.0 to about 85 pounds-force) to reduce tearing. In addi~ion, the reinrorced composite of the fibrous taping panel 58 and outer cover 42 may be configured to have a cGillposile tensile alll:nylh of at least about 267 Newtons (about 60 pounds-force), and desirably within the range of from about 267 to about 467 Newtons (about 60 to about 105 pounds-force) to reduce tearing.
The fibrous taping panel 58 of the adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention is configured to provide sufficient bonding with the adhesive tape rasleners 54 and 56 to provide a secure and reliable fastening of the diaper 40 about the wearer. To provide the desired level of adhesive secu,~",enl and reliability, the fibrous taping panel 58 of the adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention must provide sufficient shear sl~nyll, with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56. As used herein the term "shear al,engll," refers to the shear sl,engll, value determined according to the Dynamic Shear Test as set forth below in connel,lion with the examples. The direction of shear of the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 from the fibrous taping panel 58 is that direction in which leosion is generally exerted on the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 when the diaper 40 is in use.
This di,~.,lion is generally perpendicular to a longitudinal centerline of the diaper 40 and in the same plane of the diaper 40.
In a particular el"bocli",ent, the fibrous taping panel 58 provides a shear strength upon a first fastening with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 of at least about 2.67 Newtons (about 0.6 pounds-force), desirably at least about 3.56 Newtons (about 0.8 pounds-force) and more ~ desirably from about 4.45 to about 17.8 Newtons (about 1.0 to about 4.0 pounds-force).
3s Typically, after the first fastening to the fibrous taping panel 58, the adhesive tape raslenera 54 and 56 may be peelingly removed from and ~raslened to the fibrous taping panel 58 one or more times to adjust the fit of the diaper 40 about the wearer and check the diaper 40 for CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 soiling. Desir~bly the fibrous taping panel 58 provides sufficient shear sll~nglll with the adhesive tape rdslenera 54 and 56 for multiple refastenings. For example it is desirable that the fibrous taping panel 58 provides a shear slr~ngll, with the adhesive tape fasl~l)era 54 and 56 of at least about 2.67 Newtons (about 0.6 pounds-force) and desirably at least about 5 3.56 Newtons (about 0.8 pounds-force) upon a third fastening. In a particular e",bodi",enL
the shear sl,~nglh between the fibrous taping panel 58 and the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 upon the third fastening is at least about 50 percent and desirably at least about 80 per~enl of the shear sl,~ngll, upon the first fastening.
10 Typically convenlional ",ale,;als used to reinforce the outer cover 42 have not been resistant to contamination by foreign suL.slances such as oils and powders resulting in undesirable adhesive tape fastening systems. The fibrous taping panel 58 of the present invention is desirably resistant to such contamination by foreign substances to provide improved l.! -"ility. For example in a particular embodiment the fibrous taping panel 58 provides a shear sl,~ngll, with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 of at least about 1.78 Newtons (about 0.40 pounds-force) and desirably at least about 2.67 Newtons (about 0.60 pounds-force) in the presence of mineral oil as tested acco,di"g to the Conla",indliGn Resislance Test set forth in connection with the Examples below. In a particular embodiment the shear sl,t:ngll, between the fibrous taping panel 58 and the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 in the pr~sence of mineral oil a~or~l;ng to the Contamination Resisla,-ce Test is at least about 50 percent and desirably at least about 80 percent of the shear strength upon the first fastening accord;ng to the Dynamic Shear Test and in the absence of mineral oil.
The fibrous taping panel 58 of the adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention also provides a peel al,~:nyll, with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56. As used herein the term "peel strength" refers to the peel ~ nyll, value determined according to the Peel St,~"gll, Test as set forth below in connection with the examples. The peel strength is generally the peak load required to peelingly remove an adhesive tape fastener from a substrate such as a di,pos~hle absorbent article. The direction of removal (peel) of the adhesive tape fastener from the substrate is that direction in which the adhesive tape fastenér would generally be removed from a substrate when the product is in use. This direction is generally perpendicular to a longitudinal centerline of the product.
In a particular er"boclimenl the fibrous taping panel 58 provides a peel strength with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 of from about 0.89 to about 5.34 Newtons (about 0.20 to about 1.20 pounds-force) and desirably from about 2.22 to about 4.45 Newtons (about 0.50 to about 1.00 pounds-force). It is desirable that the fibrous taping panel 58 provide a high W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 shear al,~ngtl) and ~de~u~te peel sl,~"yll, with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 to maintain the absorbent article about the waist of the wearer while allowing an ease of fastening and refastening without tearing. Accordingly, in anotl,er particular e",bodil"enl, the fibrous taping panel 58 provides a shear sl,engll, with the adhesive tape ra:.l~ne,a 54 and 56 of at least about 4.45 Newtons (about 1.0 pounds-force) and a peel sl,t:nylh with the adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 of no more than about 3.56 Newtons (about 0.80pounds-force). Desirably, the peel strength is no more than about 75 percent, and desirably no more than about 50 percent, of the shear sllt:rlglll to provide improved pe,ru""ance and customer acceplance.
lû
Thus, the adhesive tape fastening system of the present invention provides the desired level of adl,esiol~ and r~faslenability while Illa;lllailling the flexibility, fit and appea,c"~ce of the articles. In adclilion, the fibrous taping panel of the fastening system can provide sufficient adhesion with the adhesive tape fasteners even when contaminated with foreign sul,~lances such as powders and oils.
The following examr'es are given to provide a more detailed understanding of the present invention. The particular materials, amounts, propo, lions and parameters are exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Exall r'es Tensile Strenqth Test This test procedure determines the peak tensile load, measured in pounds-force, of a male~ial when only a portion of the sample ",aLe,ial width is centrally gripped by the testing equipment.
Equipment 1. Tensile tester caF?'~le of obtaining a peak load and equipped with an apprup,iale load cell. A s~ ''e tensile testing system is a Sintech Tensile Tester, cG."",er~ially available from MTS Sintech, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, under the trade desiyllaliGn Instron Model 5213 Tensile Tester with Sintech QAD (Quality Assurance Depd,l",ent) Software.
2. QAD software commercially obtained from MTS Sintech under the trade desiy"ation QAD Software.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 3. 25.4 mm x 76.2 mm (1 inch x 3 inch) lower jaw facing commercially available from InstronCo,~ordlion Canton Massachuseffs.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 3. 25.4 mm x 76.2 mm (1 inch x 3 inch) lower jaw facing commercially available from InstronCo,~ordlion Canton Massachuseffs.
4. 25.4 mm x 25.4 mm (1 inch x 1 inch) upper jaw facing commercially available from Instron CG"uor~lion Canton M~ssAcl).Jsetts.
Test Procedure 1. The load cell is calibrated and the QAD software loaded.
2. The jaws are installed on the tensile tester.
3. The test conlliliGn for the tensile tester are set as follows:
Crosshead speed: 300 millimeters/minute Full-scale load: 50 kilograms Threshold: 3 percent Fail c, ilel ion: 40 per~, ll Gagelength: 76.2 mm (3 inches) 4. The weight of the jaws is tared out.
Test Procedure 1. The load cell is calibrated and the QAD software loaded.
2. The jaws are installed on the tensile tester.
3. The test conlliliGn for the tensile tester are set as follows:
Crosshead speed: 300 millimeters/minute Full-scale load: 50 kilograms Threshold: 3 percent Fail c, ilel ion: 40 per~, ll Gagelength: 76.2 mm (3 inches) 4. The weight of the jaws is tared out.
5. The ",dle,ial is cut to provide a sample having a width of 101.6 mm (4.0 inches) and a length of 152.4 mm (6.0 inches).
6. The mal~iial is sy"""el,ically inserted into the jaws with the length being parallel to the direction of the load a~p' ~tion.
7. The ~,usshead is started in motion.
8. The peak load of failure is recorded.
DYnamic Shear Test 2 5 This test procedure dele" "i. ,es the i"slanlaneous strength in terms of peak al, enyll "
measured in Newtons(pounds-force) ach;eved between an adhesive tape fastener and a substrate such as a di~rQs.~.e absorbent article. The direction of shear of the adhesive tape fastener from the substrate is that direction in which tension is generally exerted on the adhesive tape fastener when the product is in use. This direction is generally perpendicular 3 o to a longitudinal centerline of the product.
EquiPment 1. Tensile tester capable of obtaining a peak load and equipped with an appr~priale load cell. A suitable tensile testing system is a Sintech Tensile Tester commerciallyavailable from MTS Sintech Research Triangle Park North Carolina under the tradedesiynalion Instron Model 4201 Tensile Tester with Sintech QAD (Quality Assurance Department) Software.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W O 96/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 2. QAD surt~ ,e commercially obtained from MTS Sintech under the trade desiyl,alion QAD Software.
3. 621 kPa (90 pound per square inch) grips colllll,e,~,ially available from Instron CGI~JOral;Un, Canton, Massa~,husetts, under the trade designalion "Grips Instron 2712 (90 psi), Instron 2712-003."
4. 12.7 mm (0.5 inch) grip faces, serrated, commercially available from Instron Cor~,ordliGn, Canton, A~ssAr.husetts.
5. Aluminum wei~llLs having a width of 25.4 mm (1.0 inch), a length of 38.1 mm (1.5 inches) and a thickness of 3.175 mm (0.125 inches).
6. Steel plates having a width of 50.8 mm (2.0 inches), a length of 127 mm (5.0 inches) and a thickness of 1.27 mm (0.05 inches).
7. Double sided ",aski"g tape.
8. Transfer tape, 50.4 mm (2.0 inch) width, commercially available from the 3M CGr"pany under the trade desig"alion #2-0300.
SamPle PI~Pa,alion 1. Place two pieces of double sided masking tape on a steel plate with 44.45 mm (1.75 2 5 inches) separdling their inner edges.
2. Attach a polyethylene strip having a width of 50.4 mm (2.0 inches), a length of 127 mm (5.0 inches) and a thickness of 0.0318 mm (1.25 mils) to the tape on the steel plate.
3. Attach a 50.4 mm x 127 mm (2.0 inch x 5.0 inch) strip of the substrate ~I~ale~ial to be tested to the polyethylene strip using the 50.4 mm (2.0 inch) width l,dnsrer tape.
4. Adhere strips of the adhesive tape to release paper and cut to a width of 19.05 mm (0.75 inches).
5. Remove the adhesive tape from the release paper and attach a leader strip to one end of the adhesive tape.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 6. Cut the adhesive tape 12.7 mm (0.50 inches) from the edge of the leader strip.
7. Place the adhesive tape onto the substrate ."aleriai adhesive side down without pressure.
8. Place aluminum vJei~ weighing 31.43 grams on top of the adhesive tape for 10 seconds and remove.
10 Test Procedure 1. The load cell is caliL,raled and the QAD software loaded.
2. The grips are installed on the tensile tester with the serrated grip face being inserted into the upper jaw of the tensile tester.
3. The test condilion for the tensile tester are set as follows:
Crosshead speed: 100 millimeters/minute Full-scale load: 5 kilograms Thrt:sl ,a'd: 5 percent Fail c.il~-ion: 95 percent Gage length: 127 mm (5 inches) 4. The weight of the clamp is tared out.
5. The leader strip is i. ,se, led into the upper jaw.
6. The bottom of the steel plate is inserted into the lower jaw.
7. The crosshead is started in motion.
8. The peak load of failure is recorded. It is intended that the mode of failure is that the adhesive tape delaminates from the substrate material.
Peel Strenath Test This test procedure determines the peak load, measured in Newtons(pounds-force), required to peelingly remove an adhesive tape fastener from a substrate such as a disposable absorbent article. The direction of removal (peel) of the adhesive tape fastener from the substrate is that direction in which the adhesive tape fastener would generally be peelingly removed from a substrate when in use. This direction is generally perpendicular to a longitudinal centerline of the article.
EquiPment 1. Tensile tester car~h'Q of obtaining a peak load and eq~ipped with an appr~piiale load cell. A suitable tensile testing system is a Sintech Tensile Tester, co""l,er~ially CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/2068S PCT~US95/16860 available from MTS Sintech, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, under the trade desiy"ation Instron Model 4201 Tensile Tester with Sintech QAD (Quality Assurance Depa, ll "enl) Software.
2. QAD software commercially obtained from MTS Sintech under the trade designation QAD Software.
3. 621 kPa (90 pound per square inch) grips commercially available from Instron CGj~Or~tjOn, Canton, Massachusetts, under the trade desig"alion "Grips Instron 2712 (90 psi), Instron 2712-003."
4. 12.7 mm (0.5 inch) grip faces, se"ated, commercially available from Instron, Corporation, Canton, Massacl ,usetts.
15 SamPle P,~Pa~lion 1. Provide a polyethylene strip having a width of 50.4 mm (2.0 inches), a length of 127 mm (5.0 inches) and a thickness of 0.0318 mm (1.25 mils).
2. Attach a 50.4 mm x 127 mm (2.0 inch x 5.0 inch) strip of the su6sl,dle ",alerial to be tested to the polyethylene strip using 50.4 mm (2.0 inch) wide 1, dnsrer tape.
3. Place the adhesive tape onto the substrate material adhesive side down without pressure.
4. Place aluminum Wei!;JIll5 weighing 31.43 grams on top of the adhesive tape for 10 seconds and remove.
Test Procedure 1. The load cell is calil~,dLed and the QAD software loaded.
2. The grips are installed on the tensile tester with the serrated grip face being inserted into the upper jaw of the tensile tester.
3. The test condilion for the tensile tester are set as follows:
- Crosshead speed: 500 mill;.nelers/minute Full-scale load: 5 kilograms Threshold: 5 percent Fail ~,ile,ion: 95 per~enl Gage length: 127 mm (5 inches) CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 4. The weight of the clamp is tared out.
5. The fi"ge,lab of the adhesive fastening tape is inserted into the upper jaw such that the edge of the grip face is flush with the edge of the adhesive fastening tape.6. The substrate of the test sample is inserted into the lower jaw such that the adhesive tape fastener is posilioned parallel to the edge of the lower jaw. The lower jaw is closed.
7. The crosshead is started in motion.
8. The peak load of failure is recorded. It is intended that the mode of failure is that the adhesive tape fastener delaminates from the substrate.
Contamination Resislance Test This test procedure determines the sllenglll in terms of peak strength measured in Newtons (pounds-force) achieved between an adhesive tape fastener and a substrate such as a di;.posable absorbent article when the substrate has been partially coated with a foreign sul,slance. The direction of shear of the adhesive tape fastener from the substrate is that direction in which tension is generally exerted on the adhesive tape fastener when the product is in use. This direction is generally perpendicular to a longitudinal centerline of the product.
SamPle Pl~Pa~ Gn 1. Place a drop of mineral oil on the substrate using a medicine dropper.
2. Place the adhesive tape fastener on the substrate such that one-half of the drop of mineral oil is covered by the adhesive tape fastener.
3. Place aluminum v.~igl,ls weigl,ing 31.43 grams on top of the adhesive tape for 10 seconds and remove.
The samples are then s~ ~hjectPd to the Dynamic Shear Test as described above.
ExamPle 1 Ten sa",~'es of a specific adhesive tape raslener and fibrous taping panel of the adhesive tape fastening system according to the presenl invention were pr~pa,t:d. With r~:ference to Figs. 1 and 2 the adhesive tape fastener 20 was an adhesive tape fastener which was 35 commercially available from Koester GmbH & Co. a business having offices in AllendG,r Germany under the trade designalion BF33-4. The fibrous taping panel 24 cGi"p.ised a woven material which co",pnsed 100 percent nylon fibers having 4.44 tex (a denier of 40 d).
CA 02209l~l l997-06-27 The woven male,ial was commercially available from Guilford Mills, Inc., a business having offices located in Gr~ensborù North Carolina under the trade designalion Style #30433.
The woven ,nale,ial also had a basis weight of 82.1 grams per square meter (2.16 ounces per square yard) and had 15.9 courses per centimeter (40.5 courses per inch) and 15.9 wales per centimeter (40.5 wales per inch). The woven ",ale,ial also had a tensile al,engll, of 247 Newtons (55.6 pounds-force).
The samples of the fibrous taping panel and adhesive tape fastener were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test as described above. The adhesive tape fasteners were applied to the techn-~-' face of the material used to provide the fibrous taping panel. As used herein, the phrase "technical face" refers to the front or shiny side of the ",aterial as is well known to those skilled in the art. As used herein the phrase "technical back" refers to the side of the ",ale~ial opposile the technical face. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear allenylll of 6.4 Newtons (1.44 pounds-force). Three sa" ~'es were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test 2 more times. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear all~llylh of 3.9 Newtons (0.87 pounds-force), and 3.0 Newtons (0.67 pounds-force) upon the second and third Dynamic Shear Tests respectively.
Six samples of the same fibrous taping panel were then s~jected to the Peel Sll~ngll, Test as described above using an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul Minnesota under the trade desig"alion KR3233. The adhesive tape fasteners were again applied to the techn:~-' face of the ",alelial used to provide the fibrous taping panel. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean peel strength of 2.34 Newtons (0.53 pounds-force). The results are t~h~ t~d in Tables 1 and 2. The shear strength results are also illustrated in Fig.
6.
ExamPle 2 Six sa",pl~s of a specific adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel of the adhesive tape rasler,;.,y system according to the present invention were pr~pa,t:d. With ~erer~nce to Figs. 1 and 2 the adhesive tape fastener 20 was an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from Koester GmbH & Co. a business having offices in AllendG,r Germany under the trade desiyllalion BF33-4. The fibrous taping panel 24 co",p,ised a woven ",al~lial which comprised 92 percent nylon fibers having 2.22 tex (a denier of 20 d) and 8 percent Iycra fibers having 7.778 tex (a denier of 70 d). The woven ",alelial was cofi"~er~ially available from Guilford Millâ, Inc., a business having offices located in Greensboru, North Carolina, under the trade desig"alion Style #56507. The woven r"alerial CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 also had a basis weight of 127.1 grams per square meter (3.75 ounces per square yard) and had 15.9 courses per cenli",eter (40.5 courses per inch) and 15.9 wales per centimeter (40.5 wales per inch). The woven ",alerial also had a tensile strength of 368 Newtons (82.6 pounds-force).
The sa",,~'es of the fibrous taping panel and adhesive tape fastener were then s~ ~jected to the Dynamic Shear Test as described above. The adhesive tape fastener was applied to the lechn:--' back of the ",ale~ial used to provide the fibrous taping panel. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear strength of 2.8 Newtons (0.63 pounds-force). Three sa",p ~s were then su~jected to the Dynamic Shear Test 2 more times. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear strength of 2.5 Newtons (0.57 pounds-force) and 2.5 Newtons (0.56 pounds-force) upon the second and third Dynamic Shear Tests respectively.
Six samples of the same fibrous taping panel were then subjected to the Peel Strength Test as described above using an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from the 3M Company a business having offices in St. Paul Minnesota under the trade designation KR3233. The adhesive tape fasteners were again applied to the lechnic-' back of the ",ale,ial used to provide the fibrous taping panel. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean peel strength of 0.98 Newtons (0.22 pounds-force). The results are tabulated in Tables 1 and 2. The shear strength results are also illustrated in Fig.
6.
Example 3 Six samples of a specific adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel of the adhesive tape ra~len;ng system accordi.,g to the present invention were prepared. With reference to Figs. 1 and 2 the adhesive tape fastener 20 was an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from Koester GmbH & Co. a business having offices in Allendo,r Germany under the trade designalion BF33-4. The fibrous taping panel 24 col"pnsed a tricot knit material which cor"plised 21 percent nylon fibers having 7.778 tex (a denier of 70 d) and 79 percent nylon fibers having 15 556 tex (a denier of 140 d). The knit l"alerial was cor"",er~idlly available from Guilford Mills Inc. a business having offices located in Greensboro North Carolina under the trade designalion Style #18203. The knit n,al~,ial also had a basis weight of 270.9 grams per square meter (7.99 ounces per square yard) and had 25.6 courses per centimeter (65 courses per inch) and 16.9 wales per cenli",eter (43 wales per inch). The knit material also had a tensile strength of 328 Newtons (73.7 pounds-force).
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCT~US95/16860 The samples of the fibrous taping panel and adhesive tape raslener were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test as described above. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear sl,enylh of 4.58 Newtons (1.03 pounds-force). Three samples were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test 2 more times. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear strength of 4.4 Newtons (0.99 pounds-force), and 4.2 Newtons (0.94 pounds-force) upon the second and third Dynamic Shear Tests, respectively.
Six samples of the same fibrous taping panel 58 were then s~ jected to the Peel St,angll Test as described above using an adhesive tape fastener which was co""neroially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul, Minnesota, under the trade desiynalion KR3233. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean peel :,llt llglh of 3.0 Newtons (0.68 pounds-force). The results are t~h~ ted in Tables 1 and 2.
The shear strength results are also illustrated in Fig. 6.
ExamPle 4 Six sam~les of a specific adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel of the adhesive tape fastening system according to the present invention were prepared. With ~rerence to Figs. 1 and 2, the adhesive tape fastener 20 was an adhesive tape fastener which was co"""er.,ially available from Koester GmbH & Co., a business having offices in Altendorf, Germany, under the trade desiyndlion BF33-4. The fibrous taping panel 24 compiised a meltblown nonwoven male,ial which cG",prised bicomponent fibers having 4.75 tex (a denier of 2.75 d). The b ~D",ponent fibers comprised a polyethylene sheath and nylon core having a sheath to core ratio of 90:10 by weight. The nonwoven ",alt:rial was commercially available from Kimberly-Clark Corp., a business having offices located in Roswell, Georgia, under the trade designation Pravek #011394-1. The nonwoven male,ial also had a basis weight of 67.8 grams per square meter (2.0 ounces per square yard) and a density of 0.375 grams per cubic ce"li",eter. The meltblown nonwoven ",al~,ial also had a tensile sl,~r,glh of 89 Newtons (20 pounds-force).
The samples of the fibrous taping panel and adhesive tape fastener 54, 56 were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test as described above. The adhesive tape faslener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear strength of 5.9 Newtons (1.32 pounds-force). Three sa" rles were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test 2 more times. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear strength of 5.6 Newtons (1.25 pounds-force), and 3.5 Newtons (0.79 pounds-force) upon the second and third Dynamic Shear Tests, respectively.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 Six samples of the same fibrous taping panel were then s~ ~hJec~d to the Peel Strength Test as described above using an adhesive tape fastener which was commer~ially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul, Minnesota, under the trade designalion KR3233. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean peel al,~ngll, of 4.4 Newtons (0.99 pounds-force). The results are tabulated in Tables 1 and 2.
The shear sl,engll, results are also illustrated in Fig. 6.
ExamPle 5 Three sa",r'es of each of the adhesive tape fasteners 54, 56; 20 and the dirrer~nl fibrous taping panels 24; 58 of the adhesive tape fastening system acco,.ling to Exd"lr'es 1, 2, 3 and 4 were prepared. Each fibrous taping panel and adhesive tape fastener sample was then subjected to the Contamination Resialance Test as described above. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel accord;,)g to Example 1 had a mean shear strength of about 3.3 Newtons (0.74 pounds-force). The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel accordi"g to Example 2 had a mean shear sl,enyli, of about 1.4 Newtons (0.31 pounds-force). The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel according to Example 3 had a mean shear sl,~"gll, of about 3.6 Newtons (0.82 pounds-force). The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel according to Example 4 had a mean shear sl,enyll, of about 4.4 Newtons (0.98 pounds-force). The results are also t~h~ ted in Table 3 along with the percent of the original shear strength for each malerial when tested without the presence of the mineral oil.
ExamPle 6 100 medium size diapers, similar to Huggies~) Ultratrim diapers which are commercially available from Kimberly-Clark Co,~ordlion and suitable for an infant weighing about 5.9-10.4 kg (about 13-23 Ibs.), co",p,isi"g a 0.0318 mm (1.25 mil) thick outer cover col"posed of polyethylene film, an absorbent core, and a bodyside liner composed of a sp~",bonded ",ale~ial were prepared. With reference to Figs. 3-6, the diaper 40 included the fibrous taping panel 58 as described in Example 1. The adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 were those commercially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul, Minnesota, under the trade desiy"alion KR3233. The adhesive tape fasleners 54 and 56 were adhesively attached to the longitudinal side po,lions of the diaper 40 in the back section of the diaper. The fibrous taping panel 58 had a width 66 of 50.4 mm (2.0 inches) and a length 64 of 190.5 mm (7.5 inches) and was secured to the outer cover in the front portion of the diaper 40 using a piece of double sided l,d"srer tape having the same dimensions as the taping panel 58. The double sided transfer tape was that cor"r"er~,ially CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 available from the 3M Company under the trade designdlion #2-0300. The outer cover 42 had a tensile slr~nyll, of 37.8 Newtons (8.50 pounds-force). The rei"rorced cGr"posile of the fibrous taping panel 48 and outer cover 42 had a co",posile tensile ~llenyll, of 289 Newtons (64.9 pounds-force).
The san,F'es of the diaper were then placed on 20 dirrer~nl infants to measure the ability of the diaper to remain fastened to the wearer. The duration of the test was about 8 hours. 3.4 per~enl of the diapers tested had adhesive tape fasteners which became delaminated from the fibrous taping panel during use. In the Exan,rles, i"slances of delamination due to the alldcl,r"ent of one adhesive tape fastener onto the other instead of being attached to the fibrous taping panel were not included.
Example 7 100 medium size diapers similar to those described in Example 6 were prepa,~d. With lS reference to Figs. 3-6, the diaper 40 included the fibrous taping panel 58 as described in Example 2. The adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 were those commercially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul, Minnesota, under the trade designation KR3233. The adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 were adhesively attached to the longitudinal side po,lions of the diaper 40 in the back section of the diaper. The fibrous taping panel 58 had a ~,vidth 66 of 50.4 mm (2.0 inches) and a length 64 of 190.5 mm (7.5 inches) and was secured to the outer cover in the front portion of the diaper 40 using a piece of double sided transfer tape having the same dimensions as the taping panel 58. The double sided transfer tape was that commercially available from the 3M Company under the trade designalion #2-0300. The r~;nroroed cor"posile of the fibrous taping panel 48 and outer cover 42 had a composile tensile sl,er,gll, of 423 Newtons (95.1 pounds-force).
The samples of the diaper were then placed on 20 different infants to measure the ability of the diaper to remain fastened to the wearer. The duration of the test was about 8 hours.
45.76 percent of the diapers tested had adhesive tape fasteners which became delaminated 30 from the fibrous taping panel during use.
ExamPle 8 100 medium size diapers similar to those described in Example 6 were prepared. With rererence to Figs. 3-6, the diaper 40 included the fibrous taping panel 58 as described in 3s Example 3. The adhesive tape raslener:, 54 and 56 were those co",mer~ially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul, Minnesota, under the trade designalion KR3233. The adhesive tape ra~leners 54 and 56 were adhesively allached to CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS9S/16860 the longitudinal side po,tiGns of the diaper 40 in the back section of the diaper. The fibrous taping panel 58 had a width 66 of 50.4 mm (2.0 inches) and a length 64 of 190.5 mm (7.5 inches) and was secured to the outer cover in the front portion of the diaper 40 using a piece of double sided l,dnsrer tape having the same dimensions as the taping panel 58. The double sided l,dnsrer tape was that commercially available from the 3M CGr"pany under the trade desiy"alion #2-0300. The r~i ,ror~ed composite of the fibrous taping panel 48 and outer cover 42 had a cG",posiLe tensile slrengll, of 359 Newtons (80.7 pounds-force).
The sa" ~les of the diaper were then placed on 20 different infants to measure the ability of the diaper to remain fastened to the wearer. The duration of the test was about 8 hours.
16.01 per~ent of the diapers tested had adhesive tape fasteners which became dela",i"aled from the fibrous taping panel during use.
Example 9 100 medium size diapers similar to those described in Example 6 were prepared. With reference to Figs. 3-6 the diaper 40 included the fibrous taping panel 58 as described in Example 4. The adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 were those commercially available from the 3M Company a business having offices in St. Paul Minnesota under the trade designalion KR3233. The adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 were adhesively attached to the longitudinal side pol lions of the diaper 40 in the back section of the diaper. The fibrous taping panel 58 had a width 66 of 50.4 mm (2.0 inches) and a length 64 of 190.5 mm (7.5 inches) and was secured to the outer cover in the front portion of the diaper 40 using a piece of double sided l,ansrer tape having the same dimensions as the taping panel 58. The double sided l,dnsrer tape was that commercially available from the 3M Company under the trade designation #2-0300.
.The sa",~'es of the diaper were then placed on 20 different infants to measure the ability of the diaper to remain fastened to the wearer. The duration of the test was about 8 hours.
7.14 percent of the diapers tested had adhesive tape fasteners which became delaminated 30 from the fibrous taping panel during use.
Col"Pa~ali~/e ExamPle 1 The shear strength and peel sl,enyll, of the adhesive tape fasteners with a dirrt r~l material was then determined for co",pa,dlive purposes. With rererence to Figs. 1 and 2 the 35 adhesive tape raslener 20 was an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from Koester GmbH & Co. a business having offices in Altendorf, Germany under the trade designalion BF334.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 The ",aleiial cor"p,ised the outer cover material which was being used on Huggies~
Supreme diapers which were commercially available from Kimberly-Clark Ca",uordlion. The ",alefial was a fibrous nonwoven ",alerial which had polypropylene fibers having 0.333 tex (a denier of 3.0 d). The fibrous nonwoven ,nalerial had a basis weight of 23.7 grams per square meter and a density of 0.240 grams per cubic centimeter. The fibrous nonwoven male, ial also had a tensile sl~ngll) of 52.27 Newtons (11.75 pounds-force).
Three sa",ples of the fibrous nonwoven material and adhesive tape fastener 54 56; 20 were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test as described above. The adhesive tape rastener and fibrous nonwoven material had a mean shear strength of 3.9 Newtons (0.88 pounds-force). The same samples were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test 2 more times.
The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous nonwoven ",ale~ial had a mean shear strength of 2.8 Newtons (0.62 pounds-force) and 2.5 Newtons (0.56 pounds-force) upon the second and thirdDynamicShearTests respectively.
Six samples of the same fibrous taping panel 58; 24 were then subjected to the Peel Stlellylll Test as described above using an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul, h1innesola, under the trade desiynalion KR3233. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean peel sl,~nyll, of 3.2 Newtons (0.72 pounds-force). The results are tabulated in Table 2. The shear strength results are also illustrated in Fig. 6.
Coml~ardlive ExamPle 2 The shear sl,e,,ylll and peel sl,~:nyll, of adhesive tape fasteners 54 56; 20 with anoll,er ",ale,ial was then determined for comparative purposes. With reference to Figs. 1 and 2 the adhesive tape fastener 20 was an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from Koester GmbH & Co., a business having offices in All~l IdOl r, Germany, under the trade designalion BF33-4.
The ",alelial col"p,ised the outer cover material which was being used on Hug~,;es~
Ultratrim diapers which were commercially available from Kimberly-Clark Co,~ordlion. The ~ ",alerial was a polyethylene film r"alerial which had a thickness of 0.0318 mm (1.25 mils).
The film ",alerial was col""~er~ially available from Consali~terl Thel."opl~sli~s Inc. a business having offices in Dallas, Texas, under the trade desiy,)aliol1 XEM432.0-65. The film material also had a basis weight of 30.2 grams per square meter and a density of 0.95 CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 grams per cubic centimeter. The film material also had a tensile strength of 37.8 Newtons (8.50 pounds-force).
Three samples of the film material and adhesive tape fastener 54 56; 20 were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test as described above. The adhesive tape raslener and film ",ale~ial had a mean shear strength of 7.0 Newtons (1.58 pounds-force). The same adhesive tape fastener and male,ial were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test 2 more times. The adhesive tape fastener and film material had a mean shear sl,engtl, of 4.8 Newtons (1.08 pounds-force) and 4.1 Newtons (0.92 pounds-force) upon the second and third Dynamic Shear Tests respectively.
Five samples of the same fibrous taping panel were then subjected to the Peel St,e"gll, Test as described above using an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from the 3M Company a business having offices in St. Paul Minnesota under the trade desig"alion KR3233. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean peel slr~nyll. of 11.4 Newtons (2.57 pounds-force). The results are tabulated in Table 2. The shear sl,engll, results are also illustrated in Fig. 6.
CGr",~ardli~e ExamPle 3 Three sar.,r es of the adhesive tape fasteners 54 56; 20 and ",alelial according to Co",pa~dli~/e Example 1 were pr~pa"~d. Each sample was then subjected to the Contamination Resislance Test as described above. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous nonwoven ",ale,ial according to Comparative Example 1 had a mean shear strength of 2.1 Newtons (0.47 pounds-force) under the Contamination Resislance Test. The results are t,ihl-l ted in Table 3.
CGrllPaldli~/e ExamPle 4 Three samples of the adhesive tape fasteners and material according to Col"pa~ali~e Example 2 were prepared. Each sample was then su~j~cted to the Conla" "i"alion Resislance Test as described above. The adhesive tape fastener and polyethylene film ~"ale~ial accGrd,;.,g to Comparative Example 2 had a mean shear strength of 1.4 Newtons (0.32 pounds-force) under the Contamination Resislance Test. The results are t-~hul-ted in Table 3.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCT~US95/16860 .Table 1 Mean Shear Strerlyll, Mean Peel St~enylh (N (pounds-force)) (N (pounds-force)) Ex.1 6.4 (1.44) 2.4 (0.53) Ex. 2 2.8 (0.63) 1.0 (0.22) Ex. 3 4.6 (1.03) 3.0 (0.68) Ex. 4 5.9 (1.32) 4.4 (0.99) Comp. Ex.1 3.9 (0.88) 3.2 (0.72) Comp. Ex. 2 7.0 (1.58) 11.4 (2.57) Table 2 Mean Shear Strength (N (pounds-force)) 1st fastening 2nd fastening 3rd fastening Ex. 1 6.4 (1.44) 3.9 (0.87) 3.0 (0.67) Ex. 2 2.8 (0.63) 2.5 (0.57) 2.5 (0.56) Ex. 3 4.6 (1.03) 4.4 (0.99) 4.2 (0.94) Ex. 4 5.9 (1.32) 5.6 (1-25) 3.5 (0.79) Comp. Ex. 1 3.9 (0.88) 2.8 (0.62) 2.4 (0.54) Comp. Ex. 2 7.0 (1.58) 4.8 (1-08) 4.1 (0.92) Table 3 CGnlami"dlion Resislance Shear St, engtl, 30(N (pounds-force)) % of Original Shear Ex. 1 3.3 (0.74) 51%
Ex. 2 1.4 (0.31) 49%
Ex. 3 3.6 (0.82) 80%
Ex. 4 4.5 (0.98) 74%
Comp. Ex. 3 2.1 (0.47) 53%
Comp. Ex. 4 1.4 (0.32) 20%
The exar"~ es representatively illustrate the fibrous taping panel 24; 58 of the adhesive tape 40 fastening system accor~Jing to the pr~senl invention can advantageously provide sufficient shear strength with an adhesive tape fastener to reliably maintain an absorbent article about the waist of a wearer without concurrently having an undesirably high peel strength.
Moreover the fibrous taping panel of the present invention reinforces the outer cover of the absorbent article such that it can withstand the peeling removal of an adhesive tape fastener without adversely affecting the flexibility or appearance of the article.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 The eAd" Fles further illustrate that the fibrous taping panel 24; 58 of the pr~senl invention also provides sufficient shear strength even when it has been contaminated by a foreign suLslance. The percenlage re~uction in shear strength in the presence of the foreign s~ la"ce is much less when using the fibrous taping panel of the present invention as 5 co",pa,~d to convenlional polymeric film rbinror~ement maleiials.
While the invention has been described in detail with respect to specific aspects thereof, it will be apprecialed that those skilled in the art, upon attaining an understanding of the ror~go.ng, may readily conceive of alLercllions to, varialions of, and equivalents to these lo ~spe~c Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be a-ssessed as that of the appended claims and any equivalents thereto.
DYnamic Shear Test 2 5 This test procedure dele" "i. ,es the i"slanlaneous strength in terms of peak al, enyll "
measured in Newtons(pounds-force) ach;eved between an adhesive tape fastener and a substrate such as a di~rQs.~.e absorbent article. The direction of shear of the adhesive tape fastener from the substrate is that direction in which tension is generally exerted on the adhesive tape fastener when the product is in use. This direction is generally perpendicular 3 o to a longitudinal centerline of the product.
EquiPment 1. Tensile tester capable of obtaining a peak load and equipped with an appr~priale load cell. A suitable tensile testing system is a Sintech Tensile Tester commerciallyavailable from MTS Sintech Research Triangle Park North Carolina under the tradedesiynalion Instron Model 4201 Tensile Tester with Sintech QAD (Quality Assurance Department) Software.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W O 96/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 2. QAD surt~ ,e commercially obtained from MTS Sintech under the trade desiyl,alion QAD Software.
3. 621 kPa (90 pound per square inch) grips colllll,e,~,ially available from Instron CGI~JOral;Un, Canton, Massa~,husetts, under the trade designalion "Grips Instron 2712 (90 psi), Instron 2712-003."
4. 12.7 mm (0.5 inch) grip faces, serrated, commercially available from Instron Cor~,ordliGn, Canton, A~ssAr.husetts.
5. Aluminum wei~llLs having a width of 25.4 mm (1.0 inch), a length of 38.1 mm (1.5 inches) and a thickness of 3.175 mm (0.125 inches).
6. Steel plates having a width of 50.8 mm (2.0 inches), a length of 127 mm (5.0 inches) and a thickness of 1.27 mm (0.05 inches).
7. Double sided ",aski"g tape.
8. Transfer tape, 50.4 mm (2.0 inch) width, commercially available from the 3M CGr"pany under the trade desig"alion #2-0300.
SamPle PI~Pa,alion 1. Place two pieces of double sided masking tape on a steel plate with 44.45 mm (1.75 2 5 inches) separdling their inner edges.
2. Attach a polyethylene strip having a width of 50.4 mm (2.0 inches), a length of 127 mm (5.0 inches) and a thickness of 0.0318 mm (1.25 mils) to the tape on the steel plate.
3. Attach a 50.4 mm x 127 mm (2.0 inch x 5.0 inch) strip of the substrate ~I~ale~ial to be tested to the polyethylene strip using the 50.4 mm (2.0 inch) width l,dnsrer tape.
4. Adhere strips of the adhesive tape to release paper and cut to a width of 19.05 mm (0.75 inches).
5. Remove the adhesive tape from the release paper and attach a leader strip to one end of the adhesive tape.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 6. Cut the adhesive tape 12.7 mm (0.50 inches) from the edge of the leader strip.
7. Place the adhesive tape onto the substrate ."aleriai adhesive side down without pressure.
8. Place aluminum vJei~ weighing 31.43 grams on top of the adhesive tape for 10 seconds and remove.
10 Test Procedure 1. The load cell is caliL,raled and the QAD software loaded.
2. The grips are installed on the tensile tester with the serrated grip face being inserted into the upper jaw of the tensile tester.
3. The test condilion for the tensile tester are set as follows:
Crosshead speed: 100 millimeters/minute Full-scale load: 5 kilograms Thrt:sl ,a'd: 5 percent Fail c.il~-ion: 95 percent Gage length: 127 mm (5 inches) 4. The weight of the clamp is tared out.
5. The leader strip is i. ,se, led into the upper jaw.
6. The bottom of the steel plate is inserted into the lower jaw.
7. The crosshead is started in motion.
8. The peak load of failure is recorded. It is intended that the mode of failure is that the adhesive tape delaminates from the substrate material.
Peel Strenath Test This test procedure determines the peak load, measured in Newtons(pounds-force), required to peelingly remove an adhesive tape fastener from a substrate such as a disposable absorbent article. The direction of removal (peel) of the adhesive tape fastener from the substrate is that direction in which the adhesive tape fastener would generally be peelingly removed from a substrate when in use. This direction is generally perpendicular to a longitudinal centerline of the article.
EquiPment 1. Tensile tester car~h'Q of obtaining a peak load and eq~ipped with an appr~piiale load cell. A suitable tensile testing system is a Sintech Tensile Tester, co""l,er~ially CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/2068S PCT~US95/16860 available from MTS Sintech, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, under the trade desiy"ation Instron Model 4201 Tensile Tester with Sintech QAD (Quality Assurance Depa, ll "enl) Software.
2. QAD software commercially obtained from MTS Sintech under the trade designation QAD Software.
3. 621 kPa (90 pound per square inch) grips commercially available from Instron CGj~Or~tjOn, Canton, Massachusetts, under the trade desig"alion "Grips Instron 2712 (90 psi), Instron 2712-003."
4. 12.7 mm (0.5 inch) grip faces, se"ated, commercially available from Instron, Corporation, Canton, Massacl ,usetts.
15 SamPle P,~Pa~lion 1. Provide a polyethylene strip having a width of 50.4 mm (2.0 inches), a length of 127 mm (5.0 inches) and a thickness of 0.0318 mm (1.25 mils).
2. Attach a 50.4 mm x 127 mm (2.0 inch x 5.0 inch) strip of the su6sl,dle ",alerial to be tested to the polyethylene strip using 50.4 mm (2.0 inch) wide 1, dnsrer tape.
3. Place the adhesive tape onto the substrate material adhesive side down without pressure.
4. Place aluminum Wei!;JIll5 weighing 31.43 grams on top of the adhesive tape for 10 seconds and remove.
Test Procedure 1. The load cell is calil~,dLed and the QAD software loaded.
2. The grips are installed on the tensile tester with the serrated grip face being inserted into the upper jaw of the tensile tester.
3. The test condilion for the tensile tester are set as follows:
- Crosshead speed: 500 mill;.nelers/minute Full-scale load: 5 kilograms Threshold: 5 percent Fail ~,ile,ion: 95 per~enl Gage length: 127 mm (5 inches) CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 4. The weight of the clamp is tared out.
5. The fi"ge,lab of the adhesive fastening tape is inserted into the upper jaw such that the edge of the grip face is flush with the edge of the adhesive fastening tape.6. The substrate of the test sample is inserted into the lower jaw such that the adhesive tape fastener is posilioned parallel to the edge of the lower jaw. The lower jaw is closed.
7. The crosshead is started in motion.
8. The peak load of failure is recorded. It is intended that the mode of failure is that the adhesive tape fastener delaminates from the substrate.
Contamination Resislance Test This test procedure determines the sllenglll in terms of peak strength measured in Newtons (pounds-force) achieved between an adhesive tape fastener and a substrate such as a di;.posable absorbent article when the substrate has been partially coated with a foreign sul,slance. The direction of shear of the adhesive tape fastener from the substrate is that direction in which tension is generally exerted on the adhesive tape fastener when the product is in use. This direction is generally perpendicular to a longitudinal centerline of the product.
SamPle Pl~Pa~ Gn 1. Place a drop of mineral oil on the substrate using a medicine dropper.
2. Place the adhesive tape fastener on the substrate such that one-half of the drop of mineral oil is covered by the adhesive tape fastener.
3. Place aluminum v.~igl,ls weigl,ing 31.43 grams on top of the adhesive tape for 10 seconds and remove.
The samples are then s~ ~hjectPd to the Dynamic Shear Test as described above.
ExamPle 1 Ten sa",~'es of a specific adhesive tape raslener and fibrous taping panel of the adhesive tape fastening system according to the presenl invention were pr~pa,t:d. With r~:ference to Figs. 1 and 2 the adhesive tape fastener 20 was an adhesive tape fastener which was 35 commercially available from Koester GmbH & Co. a business having offices in AllendG,r Germany under the trade designalion BF33-4. The fibrous taping panel 24 cGi"p.ised a woven material which co",pnsed 100 percent nylon fibers having 4.44 tex (a denier of 40 d).
CA 02209l~l l997-06-27 The woven male,ial was commercially available from Guilford Mills, Inc., a business having offices located in Gr~ensborù North Carolina under the trade designalion Style #30433.
The woven ,nale,ial also had a basis weight of 82.1 grams per square meter (2.16 ounces per square yard) and had 15.9 courses per centimeter (40.5 courses per inch) and 15.9 wales per centimeter (40.5 wales per inch). The woven ",ale,ial also had a tensile al,engll, of 247 Newtons (55.6 pounds-force).
The samples of the fibrous taping panel and adhesive tape fastener were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test as described above. The adhesive tape fasteners were applied to the techn-~-' face of the material used to provide the fibrous taping panel. As used herein, the phrase "technical face" refers to the front or shiny side of the ",aterial as is well known to those skilled in the art. As used herein the phrase "technical back" refers to the side of the ",ale~ial opposile the technical face. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear allenylll of 6.4 Newtons (1.44 pounds-force). Three sa" ~'es were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test 2 more times. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear all~llylh of 3.9 Newtons (0.87 pounds-force), and 3.0 Newtons (0.67 pounds-force) upon the second and third Dynamic Shear Tests respectively.
Six samples of the same fibrous taping panel were then s~jected to the Peel Sll~ngll, Test as described above using an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul Minnesota under the trade desig"alion KR3233. The adhesive tape fasteners were again applied to the techn:~-' face of the ",alelial used to provide the fibrous taping panel. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean peel strength of 2.34 Newtons (0.53 pounds-force). The results are t~h~ t~d in Tables 1 and 2. The shear strength results are also illustrated in Fig.
6.
ExamPle 2 Six sa",pl~s of a specific adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel of the adhesive tape rasler,;.,y system according to the present invention were pr~pa,t:d. With ~erer~nce to Figs. 1 and 2 the adhesive tape fastener 20 was an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from Koester GmbH & Co. a business having offices in AllendG,r Germany under the trade desiyllalion BF33-4. The fibrous taping panel 24 co",p,ised a woven ",al~lial which comprised 92 percent nylon fibers having 2.22 tex (a denier of 20 d) and 8 percent Iycra fibers having 7.778 tex (a denier of 70 d). The woven ",alelial was cofi"~er~ially available from Guilford Millâ, Inc., a business having offices located in Greensboru, North Carolina, under the trade desig"alion Style #56507. The woven r"alerial CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 also had a basis weight of 127.1 grams per square meter (3.75 ounces per square yard) and had 15.9 courses per cenli",eter (40.5 courses per inch) and 15.9 wales per centimeter (40.5 wales per inch). The woven ",alerial also had a tensile strength of 368 Newtons (82.6 pounds-force).
The sa",,~'es of the fibrous taping panel and adhesive tape fastener were then s~ ~jected to the Dynamic Shear Test as described above. The adhesive tape fastener was applied to the lechn:--' back of the ",ale~ial used to provide the fibrous taping panel. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear strength of 2.8 Newtons (0.63 pounds-force). Three sa",p ~s were then su~jected to the Dynamic Shear Test 2 more times. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear strength of 2.5 Newtons (0.57 pounds-force) and 2.5 Newtons (0.56 pounds-force) upon the second and third Dynamic Shear Tests respectively.
Six samples of the same fibrous taping panel were then subjected to the Peel Strength Test as described above using an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from the 3M Company a business having offices in St. Paul Minnesota under the trade designation KR3233. The adhesive tape fasteners were again applied to the lechnic-' back of the ",ale,ial used to provide the fibrous taping panel. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean peel strength of 0.98 Newtons (0.22 pounds-force). The results are tabulated in Tables 1 and 2. The shear strength results are also illustrated in Fig.
6.
Example 3 Six samples of a specific adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel of the adhesive tape ra~len;ng system accordi.,g to the present invention were prepared. With reference to Figs. 1 and 2 the adhesive tape fastener 20 was an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from Koester GmbH & Co. a business having offices in Allendo,r Germany under the trade designalion BF33-4. The fibrous taping panel 24 col"pnsed a tricot knit material which cor"plised 21 percent nylon fibers having 7.778 tex (a denier of 70 d) and 79 percent nylon fibers having 15 556 tex (a denier of 140 d). The knit l"alerial was cor"",er~idlly available from Guilford Mills Inc. a business having offices located in Greensboro North Carolina under the trade designalion Style #18203. The knit n,al~,ial also had a basis weight of 270.9 grams per square meter (7.99 ounces per square yard) and had 25.6 courses per centimeter (65 courses per inch) and 16.9 wales per cenli",eter (43 wales per inch). The knit material also had a tensile strength of 328 Newtons (73.7 pounds-force).
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCT~US95/16860 The samples of the fibrous taping panel and adhesive tape raslener were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test as described above. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear sl,enylh of 4.58 Newtons (1.03 pounds-force). Three samples were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test 2 more times. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear strength of 4.4 Newtons (0.99 pounds-force), and 4.2 Newtons (0.94 pounds-force) upon the second and third Dynamic Shear Tests, respectively.
Six samples of the same fibrous taping panel 58 were then s~ jected to the Peel St,angll Test as described above using an adhesive tape fastener which was co""neroially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul, Minnesota, under the trade desiynalion KR3233. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean peel :,llt llglh of 3.0 Newtons (0.68 pounds-force). The results are t~h~ ted in Tables 1 and 2.
The shear strength results are also illustrated in Fig. 6.
ExamPle 4 Six sam~les of a specific adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel of the adhesive tape fastening system according to the present invention were prepared. With ~rerence to Figs. 1 and 2, the adhesive tape fastener 20 was an adhesive tape fastener which was co"""er.,ially available from Koester GmbH & Co., a business having offices in Altendorf, Germany, under the trade desiyndlion BF33-4. The fibrous taping panel 24 compiised a meltblown nonwoven male,ial which cG",prised bicomponent fibers having 4.75 tex (a denier of 2.75 d). The b ~D",ponent fibers comprised a polyethylene sheath and nylon core having a sheath to core ratio of 90:10 by weight. The nonwoven ",alt:rial was commercially available from Kimberly-Clark Corp., a business having offices located in Roswell, Georgia, under the trade designation Pravek #011394-1. The nonwoven male,ial also had a basis weight of 67.8 grams per square meter (2.0 ounces per square yard) and a density of 0.375 grams per cubic ce"li",eter. The meltblown nonwoven ",al~,ial also had a tensile sl,~r,glh of 89 Newtons (20 pounds-force).
The samples of the fibrous taping panel and adhesive tape fastener 54, 56 were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test as described above. The adhesive tape faslener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear strength of 5.9 Newtons (1.32 pounds-force). Three sa" rles were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test 2 more times. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean shear strength of 5.6 Newtons (1.25 pounds-force), and 3.5 Newtons (0.79 pounds-force) upon the second and third Dynamic Shear Tests, respectively.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 Six samples of the same fibrous taping panel were then s~ ~hJec~d to the Peel Strength Test as described above using an adhesive tape fastener which was commer~ially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul, Minnesota, under the trade designalion KR3233. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean peel al,~ngll, of 4.4 Newtons (0.99 pounds-force). The results are tabulated in Tables 1 and 2.
The shear sl,engll, results are also illustrated in Fig. 6.
ExamPle 5 Three sa",r'es of each of the adhesive tape fasteners 54, 56; 20 and the dirrer~nl fibrous taping panels 24; 58 of the adhesive tape fastening system acco,.ling to Exd"lr'es 1, 2, 3 and 4 were prepared. Each fibrous taping panel and adhesive tape fastener sample was then subjected to the Contamination Resialance Test as described above. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel accord;,)g to Example 1 had a mean shear strength of about 3.3 Newtons (0.74 pounds-force). The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel accordi"g to Example 2 had a mean shear sl,enyli, of about 1.4 Newtons (0.31 pounds-force). The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel according to Example 3 had a mean shear sl,~"gll, of about 3.6 Newtons (0.82 pounds-force). The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel according to Example 4 had a mean shear sl,enyll, of about 4.4 Newtons (0.98 pounds-force). The results are also t~h~ ted in Table 3 along with the percent of the original shear strength for each malerial when tested without the presence of the mineral oil.
ExamPle 6 100 medium size diapers, similar to Huggies~) Ultratrim diapers which are commercially available from Kimberly-Clark Co,~ordlion and suitable for an infant weighing about 5.9-10.4 kg (about 13-23 Ibs.), co",p,isi"g a 0.0318 mm (1.25 mil) thick outer cover col"posed of polyethylene film, an absorbent core, and a bodyside liner composed of a sp~",bonded ",ale~ial were prepared. With reference to Figs. 3-6, the diaper 40 included the fibrous taping panel 58 as described in Example 1. The adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 were those commercially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul, Minnesota, under the trade desiy"alion KR3233. The adhesive tape fasleners 54 and 56 were adhesively attached to the longitudinal side po,lions of the diaper 40 in the back section of the diaper. The fibrous taping panel 58 had a width 66 of 50.4 mm (2.0 inches) and a length 64 of 190.5 mm (7.5 inches) and was secured to the outer cover in the front portion of the diaper 40 using a piece of double sided l,d"srer tape having the same dimensions as the taping panel 58. The double sided transfer tape was that cor"r"er~,ially CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 available from the 3M Company under the trade designdlion #2-0300. The outer cover 42 had a tensile slr~nyll, of 37.8 Newtons (8.50 pounds-force). The rei"rorced cGr"posile of the fibrous taping panel 48 and outer cover 42 had a co",posile tensile ~llenyll, of 289 Newtons (64.9 pounds-force).
The san,F'es of the diaper were then placed on 20 dirrer~nl infants to measure the ability of the diaper to remain fastened to the wearer. The duration of the test was about 8 hours. 3.4 per~enl of the diapers tested had adhesive tape fasteners which became delaminated from the fibrous taping panel during use. In the Exan,rles, i"slances of delamination due to the alldcl,r"ent of one adhesive tape fastener onto the other instead of being attached to the fibrous taping panel were not included.
Example 7 100 medium size diapers similar to those described in Example 6 were prepa,~d. With lS reference to Figs. 3-6, the diaper 40 included the fibrous taping panel 58 as described in Example 2. The adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 were those commercially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul, Minnesota, under the trade designation KR3233. The adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 were adhesively attached to the longitudinal side po,lions of the diaper 40 in the back section of the diaper. The fibrous taping panel 58 had a ~,vidth 66 of 50.4 mm (2.0 inches) and a length 64 of 190.5 mm (7.5 inches) and was secured to the outer cover in the front portion of the diaper 40 using a piece of double sided transfer tape having the same dimensions as the taping panel 58. The double sided transfer tape was that commercially available from the 3M Company under the trade designalion #2-0300. The r~;nroroed cor"posile of the fibrous taping panel 48 and outer cover 42 had a composile tensile sl,er,gll, of 423 Newtons (95.1 pounds-force).
The samples of the diaper were then placed on 20 different infants to measure the ability of the diaper to remain fastened to the wearer. The duration of the test was about 8 hours.
45.76 percent of the diapers tested had adhesive tape fasteners which became delaminated 30 from the fibrous taping panel during use.
ExamPle 8 100 medium size diapers similar to those described in Example 6 were prepared. With rererence to Figs. 3-6, the diaper 40 included the fibrous taping panel 58 as described in 3s Example 3. The adhesive tape raslener:, 54 and 56 were those co",mer~ially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul, Minnesota, under the trade designalion KR3233. The adhesive tape ra~leners 54 and 56 were adhesively allached to CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS9S/16860 the longitudinal side po,tiGns of the diaper 40 in the back section of the diaper. The fibrous taping panel 58 had a width 66 of 50.4 mm (2.0 inches) and a length 64 of 190.5 mm (7.5 inches) and was secured to the outer cover in the front portion of the diaper 40 using a piece of double sided l,dnsrer tape having the same dimensions as the taping panel 58. The double sided l,dnsrer tape was that commercially available from the 3M CGr"pany under the trade desiy"alion #2-0300. The r~i ,ror~ed composite of the fibrous taping panel 48 and outer cover 42 had a cG",posiLe tensile slrengll, of 359 Newtons (80.7 pounds-force).
The sa" ~les of the diaper were then placed on 20 different infants to measure the ability of the diaper to remain fastened to the wearer. The duration of the test was about 8 hours.
16.01 per~ent of the diapers tested had adhesive tape fasteners which became dela",i"aled from the fibrous taping panel during use.
Example 9 100 medium size diapers similar to those described in Example 6 were prepared. With reference to Figs. 3-6 the diaper 40 included the fibrous taping panel 58 as described in Example 4. The adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 were those commercially available from the 3M Company a business having offices in St. Paul Minnesota under the trade designalion KR3233. The adhesive tape fasteners 54 and 56 were adhesively attached to the longitudinal side pol lions of the diaper 40 in the back section of the diaper. The fibrous taping panel 58 had a width 66 of 50.4 mm (2.0 inches) and a length 64 of 190.5 mm (7.5 inches) and was secured to the outer cover in the front portion of the diaper 40 using a piece of double sided l,ansrer tape having the same dimensions as the taping panel 58. The double sided l,dnsrer tape was that commercially available from the 3M Company under the trade designation #2-0300.
.The sa",~'es of the diaper were then placed on 20 different infants to measure the ability of the diaper to remain fastened to the wearer. The duration of the test was about 8 hours.
7.14 percent of the diapers tested had adhesive tape fasteners which became delaminated 30 from the fibrous taping panel during use.
Col"Pa~ali~/e ExamPle 1 The shear strength and peel sl,enyll, of the adhesive tape fasteners with a dirrt r~l material was then determined for co",pa,dlive purposes. With rererence to Figs. 1 and 2 the 35 adhesive tape raslener 20 was an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from Koester GmbH & Co. a business having offices in Altendorf, Germany under the trade designalion BF334.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCTrUS95/16860 The ",aleiial cor"p,ised the outer cover material which was being used on Huggies~
Supreme diapers which were commercially available from Kimberly-Clark Ca",uordlion. The ",alefial was a fibrous nonwoven ",alerial which had polypropylene fibers having 0.333 tex (a denier of 3.0 d). The fibrous nonwoven ,nalerial had a basis weight of 23.7 grams per square meter and a density of 0.240 grams per cubic centimeter. The fibrous nonwoven male, ial also had a tensile sl~ngll) of 52.27 Newtons (11.75 pounds-force).
Three sa",ples of the fibrous nonwoven material and adhesive tape fastener 54 56; 20 were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test as described above. The adhesive tape rastener and fibrous nonwoven material had a mean shear strength of 3.9 Newtons (0.88 pounds-force). The same samples were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test 2 more times.
The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous nonwoven ",ale~ial had a mean shear strength of 2.8 Newtons (0.62 pounds-force) and 2.5 Newtons (0.56 pounds-force) upon the second and thirdDynamicShearTests respectively.
Six samples of the same fibrous taping panel 58; 24 were then subjected to the Peel Stlellylll Test as described above using an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from the 3M Company, a business having offices in St. Paul, h1innesola, under the trade desiynalion KR3233. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean peel sl,~nyll, of 3.2 Newtons (0.72 pounds-force). The results are tabulated in Table 2. The shear strength results are also illustrated in Fig. 6.
Coml~ardlive ExamPle 2 The shear sl,e,,ylll and peel sl,~:nyll, of adhesive tape fasteners 54 56; 20 with anoll,er ",ale,ial was then determined for comparative purposes. With reference to Figs. 1 and 2 the adhesive tape fastener 20 was an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from Koester GmbH & Co., a business having offices in All~l IdOl r, Germany, under the trade designalion BF33-4.
The ",alelial col"p,ised the outer cover material which was being used on Hug~,;es~
Ultratrim diapers which were commercially available from Kimberly-Clark Co,~ordlion. The ~ ",alerial was a polyethylene film r"alerial which had a thickness of 0.0318 mm (1.25 mils).
The film ",alerial was col""~er~ially available from Consali~terl Thel."opl~sli~s Inc. a business having offices in Dallas, Texas, under the trade desiy,)aliol1 XEM432.0-65. The film material also had a basis weight of 30.2 grams per square meter and a density of 0.95 CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 grams per cubic centimeter. The film material also had a tensile strength of 37.8 Newtons (8.50 pounds-force).
Three samples of the film material and adhesive tape fastener 54 56; 20 were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test as described above. The adhesive tape raslener and film ",ale~ial had a mean shear strength of 7.0 Newtons (1.58 pounds-force). The same adhesive tape fastener and male,ial were then subjected to the Dynamic Shear Test 2 more times. The adhesive tape fastener and film material had a mean shear sl,engtl, of 4.8 Newtons (1.08 pounds-force) and 4.1 Newtons (0.92 pounds-force) upon the second and third Dynamic Shear Tests respectively.
Five samples of the same fibrous taping panel were then subjected to the Peel St,e"gll, Test as described above using an adhesive tape fastener which was commercially available from the 3M Company a business having offices in St. Paul Minnesota under the trade desig"alion KR3233. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous taping panel had a mean peel slr~nyll. of 11.4 Newtons (2.57 pounds-force). The results are tabulated in Table 2. The shear sl,engll, results are also illustrated in Fig. 6.
CGr",~ardli~e ExamPle 3 Three sar.,r es of the adhesive tape fasteners 54 56; 20 and ",alelial according to Co",pa~dli~/e Example 1 were pr~pa"~d. Each sample was then subjected to the Contamination Resislance Test as described above. The adhesive tape fastener and fibrous nonwoven ",ale,ial according to Comparative Example 1 had a mean shear strength of 2.1 Newtons (0.47 pounds-force) under the Contamination Resislance Test. The results are t,ihl-l ted in Table 3.
CGrllPaldli~/e ExamPle 4 Three samples of the adhesive tape fasteners and material according to Col"pa~ali~e Example 2 were prepared. Each sample was then su~j~cted to the Conla" "i"alion Resislance Test as described above. The adhesive tape fastener and polyethylene film ~"ale~ial accGrd,;.,g to Comparative Example 2 had a mean shear strength of 1.4 Newtons (0.32 pounds-force) under the Contamination Resislance Test. The results are t-~hul-ted in Table 3.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 W 096/20685 PCT~US95/16860 .Table 1 Mean Shear Strerlyll, Mean Peel St~enylh (N (pounds-force)) (N (pounds-force)) Ex.1 6.4 (1.44) 2.4 (0.53) Ex. 2 2.8 (0.63) 1.0 (0.22) Ex. 3 4.6 (1.03) 3.0 (0.68) Ex. 4 5.9 (1.32) 4.4 (0.99) Comp. Ex.1 3.9 (0.88) 3.2 (0.72) Comp. Ex. 2 7.0 (1.58) 11.4 (2.57) Table 2 Mean Shear Strength (N (pounds-force)) 1st fastening 2nd fastening 3rd fastening Ex. 1 6.4 (1.44) 3.9 (0.87) 3.0 (0.67) Ex. 2 2.8 (0.63) 2.5 (0.57) 2.5 (0.56) Ex. 3 4.6 (1.03) 4.4 (0.99) 4.2 (0.94) Ex. 4 5.9 (1.32) 5.6 (1-25) 3.5 (0.79) Comp. Ex. 1 3.9 (0.88) 2.8 (0.62) 2.4 (0.54) Comp. Ex. 2 7.0 (1.58) 4.8 (1-08) 4.1 (0.92) Table 3 CGnlami"dlion Resislance Shear St, engtl, 30(N (pounds-force)) % of Original Shear Ex. 1 3.3 (0.74) 51%
Ex. 2 1.4 (0.31) 49%
Ex. 3 3.6 (0.82) 80%
Ex. 4 4.5 (0.98) 74%
Comp. Ex. 3 2.1 (0.47) 53%
Comp. Ex. 4 1.4 (0.32) 20%
The exar"~ es representatively illustrate the fibrous taping panel 24; 58 of the adhesive tape 40 fastening system accor~Jing to the pr~senl invention can advantageously provide sufficient shear strength with an adhesive tape fastener to reliably maintain an absorbent article about the waist of a wearer without concurrently having an undesirably high peel strength.
Moreover the fibrous taping panel of the present invention reinforces the outer cover of the absorbent article such that it can withstand the peeling removal of an adhesive tape fastener without adversely affecting the flexibility or appearance of the article.
CA 022091~1 1997-06-27 The eAd" Fles further illustrate that the fibrous taping panel 24; 58 of the pr~senl invention also provides sufficient shear strength even when it has been contaminated by a foreign suLslance. The percenlage re~uction in shear strength in the presence of the foreign s~ la"ce is much less when using the fibrous taping panel of the present invention as 5 co",pa,~d to convenlional polymeric film rbinror~ement maleiials.
While the invention has been described in detail with respect to specific aspects thereof, it will be apprecialed that those skilled in the art, upon attaining an understanding of the ror~go.ng, may readily conceive of alLercllions to, varialions of, and equivalents to these lo ~spe~c Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be a-ssessed as that of the appended claims and any equivalents thereto.
Claims (30)
1. An adhesive tape fastening system adapted for use on a disposable absorbent article said adhesive tape fastening system comprising.
a) an adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56);
b) a substrate layer (22; 42); and c) a fibrous taping panel (24; 58) which is bonded to said substrate layer (22; 42) and which includes a fibrous outer surface (28; 62) which is capable of providing adhesive bonding with said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56).
a) an adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56);
b) a substrate layer (22; 42); and c) a fibrous taping panel (24; 58) which is bonded to said substrate layer (22; 42) and which includes a fibrous outer surface (28; 62) which is capable of providing adhesive bonding with said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56).
2. The adhesive tape fastening system of claim 1 wherein said fibrous taping panel (24;
58) and/or said outer surface (28; 62) provides a shear strength with said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) of at least about 2.67 Newtons (0.60 pounds-force) upon a first fastening of said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) to said fibrous taping panel (24; 58).
58) and/or said outer surface (28; 62) provides a shear strength with said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) of at least about 2.67 Newtons (0.60 pounds-force) upon a first fastening of said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) to said fibrous taping panel (24; 58).
3. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said substrate layer (22; 42) is an elastomeric material and/or a fibrous nonwoven material and/or a polymeric film material.
4. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) and/or said outer surface (28; 62) is a fibrous woven material and/or a fibrous elastomeric material.
5. The adhesive tape fastening system according to claim 4 wherein said fibrous woven material comprises nylon fibers.
6. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of claims 1 to 3 wherein said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) and/or said outer surface (28; 62) is a fibrous nonwoven material.
7. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous outer surface (28; 62) of said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) includes fibers having from about 0.167 tex to about 0.556 tex (a denier of from about 1.5 to about 5.0 d).
8. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous outer surface (28; 62) of said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) includes bicomponent fibers.
9. The adhesive tape fastening system according to claim 8 wherein said bicomponent fibers have a polyethylene sheath and a nylon core.
10. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) and/or said outer surface (28; 62) has a basis weight of from about 51 to about 391 grams per square meter.
11. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) and/or said outer surface (28; 62) has a tensile strength of at least about 220 Newtons (about 50.0 pounds-force).
12. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) and/or said outer surface (28; 62) provides a peel strength with said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) of no more than about 3.56 Newtons (about 0.80 pounds-force).
13. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said substrate layer (22) and said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) and/or said outer surface (28; 62) provide a composite reinforced fibrous substrate (30) which is capable of withstanding a peeling removal of said adhesive tape fastener therefrom without tearing.
14. The adhesive tape fastening system according to claim 13 wherein said composite reinforced substrate (30) has a tensile strength, of at least about 267 Newtons (about 60 pounds-force).
15. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous outer surface (28; 62) of said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) is uncoated
16. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) provides a shear strength with said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) of at least about 3.56 Newtons (0.80 pounds-force) upon a first fastening of said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) to said fibrous taping panel (24; 58).
17. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) provides a shear strength with said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) of at least from about 4.45 to about 17.80 Newtons (about 1.0 pounds-force to about 4.0 pounds-force) upon a first fastening of said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) to said fibrous taping panel (24; 58).
18. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous outer surface (28; 62) of said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) comprises fibers which are capable of withstanding a peeling removal of said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) therefrom without unacceptably contaminating said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) to allow a refastening of said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) to said fibrous outer surface (28; 62)
19. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) provides a shear strength with said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) of at least about 2.67 Newtons (0.60 pounds-force) after a third fastening of said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) to said fibrous taping panel (24; 58).
20. The adhesive tape fastening system according to claim 19 wherein said shear strength with said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) after said third fastening is at least about 50 percent of said shear strength after said first fastening of said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) to said fibrous taping panel (24; 58).
21. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said substrate layer (22; 42) has a tensile strength of no more than about 52.26 Newtons (about 11.75 pounds-force).
22. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) provides a shear strength with said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) of at least about 3.56 Newtons (0.80 pounds-force) upon a first fastening of said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) to said fibrous taping panel (24; 58).
23. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said outer surface (28; 62) has a tensile strength of at least about 220Newtons (about 50.0 pounds-force).
24. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) and/or said outer surface (28; 62) provides a shear strength with said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) of at least about 1.78 Newtons (about 0.40 pounds-force) when determined according to a Contamination Resistance Test.
25. The adhesive tape fastening system according to claim 24 wherein said shear strength between said fibrous taping panel (24; 58) and/or said outer surface (28; 62) and said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) according to said Contamination Resistance Test is at least about 50 percent of said shear strength upon said first fastening.
26. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous outer surface (28; 62) provides a shear strength with said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) of at least about 2.67 Newtons (0.60 pounds-force) after a third fastening of said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) to said fibrous outer surface (28; 62).
27. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous outer surface (28; 62) provides a shear strength with said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) of at least about 3.56 Newtons (0.80 pounds-force) upon a first fastening of said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) to said fibrous outer surface (28; 62).
28. The adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims wherein said fibrous outer surface (28; 62) provides a shear strength with said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) of at least from about 4.45 to about 17.80 Newtons (about 1.0 pounds-force to about 4.0 pounds-force) upon a first fastening of said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) to said fibrous outer surface (28; 62).
29. A disposable absorbent article (40) comprising:
a) an outer cover (42);
b) a bodyside liner (44);
c) an absorbent core (46) disposed between said bodyside liner (44) and said outer cover (42); and d) an adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) is connected to a longitudinal side portion of said disposable absorbent article (40); and said outer cover (42) acts as said substrate layer (22).
a) an outer cover (42);
b) a bodyside liner (44);
c) an absorbent core (46) disposed between said bodyside liner (44) and said outer cover (42); and d) an adhesive tape fastening system according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein said adhesive tape fastener (20; 54, 56) is connected to a longitudinal side portion of said disposable absorbent article (40); and said outer cover (42) acts as said substrate layer (22).
30. The disposable absorbent article of claim 29 wherein said outer cover (42) is adapted to act as fibrous taping panel.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US36620094A | 1994-12-29 | 1994-12-29 | |
| US08/366,200 | 1994-12-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2209151A1 true CA2209151A1 (en) | 1996-07-11 |
Family
ID=23442054
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002209151A Abandoned CA2209151A1 (en) | 1994-12-29 | 1995-12-21 | Adhesive tape fastening system |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0800377A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH10511874A (en) |
| AR (3) | AR000561A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU697112B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2209151A1 (en) |
| EG (1) | EG20898A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2728788B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2296422B (en) |
| PE (1) | PE9097A1 (en) |
| SV (1) | SV1995000089A (en) |
| TR (1) | TR199501706A2 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW341843U (en) |
| UY (1) | UY24140A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996020685A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA9510975B (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7637898B2 (en) * | 2002-08-16 | 2009-12-29 | Kimberly-Clark Wordwide, Inc. | Disposable absorbent pant having refastenable seams |
| GB0515294D0 (en) * | 2005-07-26 | 2005-08-31 | Novamedix Distrib Ltd | Limited durability closure means for an inflatable medical garment |
| US8109892B2 (en) | 2007-04-09 | 2012-02-07 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Methods of making compression device with improved evaporation |
| US8016779B2 (en) | 2007-04-09 | 2011-09-13 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Compression device having cooling capability |
| US8070699B2 (en) | 2007-04-09 | 2011-12-06 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Method of making compression sleeve with structural support features |
| US8506508B2 (en) | 2007-04-09 | 2013-08-13 | Covidien Lp | Compression device having weld seam moisture transfer |
| US8034007B2 (en) | 2007-04-09 | 2011-10-11 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Compression device with structural support features |
| US8114117B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2012-02-14 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Compression device with wear area |
| US8235923B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2012-08-07 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Compression device with removable portion |
| US10751221B2 (en) | 2010-09-14 | 2020-08-25 | Kpr U.S., Llc | Compression sleeve with improved position retention |
| US9205021B2 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2015-12-08 | Covidien Lp | Compression system with vent cooling feature |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB628167A (en) * | 1946-08-05 | 1949-08-23 | Diatex Corp Of California | Improvements in or relating to a disposable diaper |
| US3779246A (en) * | 1971-10-07 | 1973-12-18 | Johnson & Johnson | Disposable diaper |
| US4585450A (en) * | 1985-04-29 | 1986-04-29 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Refastenable tape system for disposable diapers and similar garments |
| US4699622A (en) * | 1986-03-21 | 1987-10-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Disposable diaper having an improved side closure |
| US4753649A (en) * | 1987-03-31 | 1988-06-28 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Film reinforcement for disposable diapers having refastenable tapes |
| FR2617682B1 (en) * | 1987-07-08 | 1989-08-18 | Boussac Saint Freres Bsf | PANTIES WITH FIBROUS MATERIAL |
| US4798603A (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-01-17 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Absorbent article having a hydrophobic transport layer |
| MY106077A (en) * | 1990-05-09 | 1995-03-31 | Kao Corp | Disposable diapers. |
| WO1994006387A1 (en) * | 1992-09-24 | 1994-03-31 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Oil-tolerant reinforcement strip |
| DE69417566T2 (en) * | 1993-09-23 | 1999-08-19 | The Procter & Gamble Co. | ABSORBENT DISPOSABLE ITEM WITH PAPER-REINFORCED GLUE ZONE |
-
1995
- 1995-12-21 JP JP8521116A patent/JPH10511874A/en active Pending
- 1995-12-21 EP EP95943975A patent/EP0800377A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-12-21 CA CA002209151A patent/CA2209151A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-12-21 AU AU45293/96A patent/AU697112B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-12-21 WO PCT/US1995/016860 patent/WO1996020685A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-12-22 SV SV1995000089A patent/SV1995000089A/en unknown
- 1995-12-22 GB GB9526405A patent/GB2296422B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-12-27 TR TR95/01706A patent/TR199501706A2/en unknown
- 1995-12-27 TW TW086213625U patent/TW341843U/en unknown
- 1995-12-27 AR AR33483195A patent/AR000561A1/en unknown
- 1995-12-27 ZA ZA9510975A patent/ZA9510975B/en unknown
- 1995-12-28 UY UY24140A patent/UY24140A1/en unknown
- 1995-12-28 FR FR9515629A patent/FR2728788B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-12-28 EG EG108895A patent/EG20898A/en active
- 1995-12-29 PE PE1995288380A patent/PE9097A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1997
- 1997-01-08 AR ARP970100080A patent/AR005399A2/en unknown
- 1997-08-01 AR ARP970100079A patent/AR005398A1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1996020685A1 (en) | 1996-07-11 |
| AU697112B2 (en) | 1998-09-24 |
| GB9526405D0 (en) | 1996-02-21 |
| EP0800377A1 (en) | 1997-10-15 |
| TR199501706A2 (en) | 1996-07-21 |
| AU4529396A (en) | 1996-07-24 |
| UY24140A1 (en) | 1996-06-20 |
| JPH10511874A (en) | 1998-11-17 |
| EG20898A (en) | 2000-05-31 |
| MX9704799A (en) | 1997-10-31 |
| SV1995000089A (en) | 1996-07-25 |
| TW341843U (en) | 1998-10-01 |
| FR2728788B1 (en) | 1998-08-07 |
| GB2296422B (en) | 1997-07-16 |
| AR000561A1 (en) | 1997-07-10 |
| GB2296422A (en) | 1996-07-03 |
| AR005398A1 (en) | 1999-04-28 |
| FR2728788A1 (en) | 1996-07-05 |
| ZA9510975B (en) | 1996-06-25 |
| AR005399A2 (en) | 1999-04-28 |
| PE9097A1 (en) | 1997-04-17 |
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