CA2202236C - Apparatus for triggering an avalanche or the like - Google Patents
Apparatus for triggering an avalanche or the like Download PDFInfo
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- CA2202236C CA2202236C CA 2202236 CA2202236A CA2202236C CA 2202236 C CA2202236 C CA 2202236C CA 2202236 CA2202236 CA 2202236 CA 2202236 A CA2202236 A CA 2202236A CA 2202236 C CA2202236 C CA 2202236C
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- explosive charge
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Abstract
Apparatus for triggering an avalanche or the like by using an explosive charge (3) which is brought into an avalanche slope and which is detonated therein. The explosive charge (3) is thereby located in a tube (1) which is closed at one end in which there is furthermore arranged a propelling charge (2) with which the explosive charge (3) can be brought from the tube (1) into the avalanche slope (Fig.
1).
1).
Description
The instant invention pertains an apparatus for triggering an avalanche or the like by using an explosive charge, which is brought into an avalanche slope and which is detonated therein.
Because of safety reasons in high-alpine areas, especially in those that are opened up for skiing there exists a requirement to artificially trigger avalanches in order to exclude an endangerment of people, especially skiers caused by uncontrollable starts of avalanches or the like. There is also the requirement to trigger avalanches in order to avoid a destruction of housing areas, roads, woods or the like, which can be caused by the uncontrollable start of avalanches.
In order to artificially trigger avalanches, it is known to shoot at avalanche slopes with rockets. This method, however, has the disadvantage of only securing a low accuracy in reaching the target because of which colonized areas could be reached and furthermore only securing low ignition safety because of which the rate of success is low. Further disadvantage of rockets are that they are expensive and that they represent military weapons because of which the use thereof is subjected to legal and contractual limits.
It is further also known to set up cable railway facilities in the areas of slopes from which avalanches can start with which explosive charges can be brought to exactly determined areas and can there be brought to detonation,.
The set-up as well as the operation of these facilities, however, are very costly. The operation is costly because those areas at which the explosive charges are to brought to detonation have to be determined by measurements during the delivery process, wherein, for that purpose, operating personnel has to be present at the facility. The use of explosive charges is furthermore limited to areas which is covered by the cable railway facility.
It is also known to manually throw explosive charges into avalanche slopes. Since, however, the endangerment of the operating personnel has to be excluded, this method can only trigger avalanches to a very limited extent. It is also known to throw explosive charges into avalanche slopes from helicopters. Besides the fact that this method is also costly, it requires weather conditions, in which helicopter flights are possible and admissible. This method, therefore, is subject to large organizational limits.
The purpose of the instant invention, therefore, is to create an apparatus with which explosive charges can be brought into avalanche slopes with a relatively low expense on the one hand but with a relatively high accuracy on the other hand in order to artificially trigger the start of avalanches. It should thereby be possible to cover any amount of target areas in a simple fashion. It should further be possible to trigger the avalanches at any given time and independently of climatic conditions, especially weather conditions, as well as independently of accessibility of the area due to weather conditions.
This is attained, according to the invention, in that the explosive charge is located in a tube which is closed at one end in which a propelling charge is arranged through which the explosive charge can be brought from the tube into the avalanche slope.
The explosive charge is preferably loczted between the bottom of the tube and the explosive charge. The insertion of the explosive charge and the propelling charges thereby takes place through the open end of the tube. As far as the bottom of the tube is solubly attached to same, the insertion of the explosive charge and the propelling charge can also take place from the bottom end of the tube.
Preferably a plate made of stiff metal is located between the explosive charge and the propelling charge by which the thrust created by the propelling charge is transferred onto the explosive charge.
Preferably, the explosive charge is located in a tube-like casing which is closed by caps, wherein the propelling charge is arranged on the cap which is attached to the bottom closure of the tube.
According to a further preferred embodiment, the tube has a lateral slit or the like close to its bottom through which the propelling charge can be inserted into the tube. A
carrying plate can thereby further be provided, which has a recess for picking up the propelling charge and which can be inserted into the tube through the slit. There can further be provided an intermediate plate or the like which can be inserted into the tube between the propelling charge and the bottom of the tube.
According to a further preferred embodiment, there is provided a fuse which runs into an explosive capsule which is arranged in the explosive charge. This effects that the explosive charge is only detonated after it penetrated the avalanche slope. The lighting mechanism for the fuse is further preferably connected with a bolt or the like which is arranged on the tube via a pulling element, wherein the length of the pulling elements is at least equal to the axial length of the tube. This guarantees that the explosive charge is only detonated as soon as it has left the tube, which safely excludes a damaging or destruction _5_ of the tube caused by a misfire of the propelling charge.
On the outside of the tube there is further preferably arranged a terminal for an electric line leading to the propelling charge. The propelling charge which was inserted into the tube is connected to this terminal. Via a control line or via a radio signal the detonation of the propelling charge can thereby be immediately triggered.
According to a further preferred embodiment there is provided a carrying device for a multiplicity of tubes for catapulting explosive charges which is either stationary or movable. This carrying device is pivotable about an approximately vertical axis. The tubes can further adjustably and fastenably arranged in their angular position on the carrying device. With this measure the tubes can be adjusted to different target areas, whereby avalanches can be triggered in different areas by consecutive detonations of explosive charges.
The object of the invention is explained in the following in more detail in embodiments shown in the drawing. There is shown in Fig. 1 an apparatus according to the invention in axial section, Fig. la a changed embodiment with regard to Fig. 1 of an apparatus according to the invention, in axial section, Fig. lb a further changed embodiment as compared to Fig. 1, in axial section, Figs. 2 and 2a a side view and a top view of a set of such apparatus, which is arranged on a transport sledge, Figs. 3 and 3a a side view and a top view of a set of apparatus according to the invention which is arranged on a stationary carrying device, and Figs. 4 and 4a a side view and a top view a detail of Figs.
Because of safety reasons in high-alpine areas, especially in those that are opened up for skiing there exists a requirement to artificially trigger avalanches in order to exclude an endangerment of people, especially skiers caused by uncontrollable starts of avalanches or the like. There is also the requirement to trigger avalanches in order to avoid a destruction of housing areas, roads, woods or the like, which can be caused by the uncontrollable start of avalanches.
In order to artificially trigger avalanches, it is known to shoot at avalanche slopes with rockets. This method, however, has the disadvantage of only securing a low accuracy in reaching the target because of which colonized areas could be reached and furthermore only securing low ignition safety because of which the rate of success is low. Further disadvantage of rockets are that they are expensive and that they represent military weapons because of which the use thereof is subjected to legal and contractual limits.
It is further also known to set up cable railway facilities in the areas of slopes from which avalanches can start with which explosive charges can be brought to exactly determined areas and can there be brought to detonation,.
The set-up as well as the operation of these facilities, however, are very costly. The operation is costly because those areas at which the explosive charges are to brought to detonation have to be determined by measurements during the delivery process, wherein, for that purpose, operating personnel has to be present at the facility. The use of explosive charges is furthermore limited to areas which is covered by the cable railway facility.
It is also known to manually throw explosive charges into avalanche slopes. Since, however, the endangerment of the operating personnel has to be excluded, this method can only trigger avalanches to a very limited extent. It is also known to throw explosive charges into avalanche slopes from helicopters. Besides the fact that this method is also costly, it requires weather conditions, in which helicopter flights are possible and admissible. This method, therefore, is subject to large organizational limits.
The purpose of the instant invention, therefore, is to create an apparatus with which explosive charges can be brought into avalanche slopes with a relatively low expense on the one hand but with a relatively high accuracy on the other hand in order to artificially trigger the start of avalanches. It should thereby be possible to cover any amount of target areas in a simple fashion. It should further be possible to trigger the avalanches at any given time and independently of climatic conditions, especially weather conditions, as well as independently of accessibility of the area due to weather conditions.
This is attained, according to the invention, in that the explosive charge is located in a tube which is closed at one end in which a propelling charge is arranged through which the explosive charge can be brought from the tube into the avalanche slope.
The explosive charge is preferably loczted between the bottom of the tube and the explosive charge. The insertion of the explosive charge and the propelling charges thereby takes place through the open end of the tube. As far as the bottom of the tube is solubly attached to same, the insertion of the explosive charge and the propelling charge can also take place from the bottom end of the tube.
Preferably a plate made of stiff metal is located between the explosive charge and the propelling charge by which the thrust created by the propelling charge is transferred onto the explosive charge.
Preferably, the explosive charge is located in a tube-like casing which is closed by caps, wherein the propelling charge is arranged on the cap which is attached to the bottom closure of the tube.
According to a further preferred embodiment, the tube has a lateral slit or the like close to its bottom through which the propelling charge can be inserted into the tube. A
carrying plate can thereby further be provided, which has a recess for picking up the propelling charge and which can be inserted into the tube through the slit. There can further be provided an intermediate plate or the like which can be inserted into the tube between the propelling charge and the bottom of the tube.
According to a further preferred embodiment, there is provided a fuse which runs into an explosive capsule which is arranged in the explosive charge. This effects that the explosive charge is only detonated after it penetrated the avalanche slope. The lighting mechanism for the fuse is further preferably connected with a bolt or the like which is arranged on the tube via a pulling element, wherein the length of the pulling elements is at least equal to the axial length of the tube. This guarantees that the explosive charge is only detonated as soon as it has left the tube, which safely excludes a damaging or destruction _5_ of the tube caused by a misfire of the propelling charge.
On the outside of the tube there is further preferably arranged a terminal for an electric line leading to the propelling charge. The propelling charge which was inserted into the tube is connected to this terminal. Via a control line or via a radio signal the detonation of the propelling charge can thereby be immediately triggered.
According to a further preferred embodiment there is provided a carrying device for a multiplicity of tubes for catapulting explosive charges which is either stationary or movable. This carrying device is pivotable about an approximately vertical axis. The tubes can further adjustably and fastenably arranged in their angular position on the carrying device. With this measure the tubes can be adjusted to different target areas, whereby avalanches can be triggered in different areas by consecutive detonations of explosive charges.
The object of the invention is explained in the following in more detail in embodiments shown in the drawing. There is shown in Fig. 1 an apparatus according to the invention in axial section, Fig. la a changed embodiment with regard to Fig. 1 of an apparatus according to the invention, in axial section, Fig. lb a further changed embodiment as compared to Fig. 1, in axial section, Figs. 2 and 2a a side view and a top view of a set of such apparatus, which is arranged on a transport sledge, Figs. 3 and 3a a side view and a top view of a set of apparatus according to the invention which is arranged on a stationary carrying device, and Figs. 4 and 4a a side view and a top view a detail of Figs.
2, 2a and 3, 3a in a ratio which has been enlarged with respect to these figures.
An apparatus according to the invention consists of a tube 1 which is open on one end in which an explosive cartridge 10 is inserted which is attached to the bottom 11 of the tube 1 and which contains a propelling charge 2 and an explosive charge 3. The explosive cartridge 10 has a tube-like casing 21 which is closed at its lower end via a cap 22 and on its upper end via a cap 23. The propelling charge 2 is located in the area of the lower cap 22. A plate 20 is attached thereto onto which the explosive charge 3 is attached. The propelling charge 2 further contains a detonator 24 which is connected to a clamp 26 via an electrical line 25.
The explosive charge 3 also consist of a tube-like casing 31, which is closed at both front areas with caps 32 and 33 and which is filled with an explosive 34. A lighting mechanism 35 is located on the outside of the casing 31 from which a fuse 36 extends which penetrates the closing cap 33 and which ends in an explosive cartridge 39 which is arranged in the explosive 34. The lighting mechanism 35 has a pulling element 37 which is attached at a bolt 38 or the like which extends out of the casing 1. The pulling element 37 is further attached to a repelling device in the form of a tension spring 40.
The tube 1 is made of metal, as for example sheet-metal or aluminum. Contrary to this the plates 20 and the casing 31 of the explosive charge 3 are made of material which will rot due to weather influences, as for example cardboard, paper-mâché or a wood solid solution. Such an explosive 34 is located in the casing 31 which is not triggered even through very low temperatures. On the outside of the casing 31 there if further arranged a reflector 30 which serves to more easily locate explosive charges 3 which have not been effective due to misfires.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. la, the explosive cartridge 10a consist of a tube 31, wherein the cap 32 has a recess 32a on the side which is attached to the bottom 11 of the tube 1 in which the propelling charge 2 is inserted and held via gluing, for example.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. lb, the case of the tube 1 close to the bottom 11 is arranged with a slit 12 through which a carrying plate 13 can be laterally pushed into the tube 1 which forms a receiver for the propelling charge 2.
The line 25 which leads to the connection clap 26 thereby intersperses a further slit 12a. The plate 13 has a recess 13a on its side which faces the explosive charge 3, into which the powder material of the propelling charge 2 is filled. From the recess 13a a duct, in which the line 25 is led, leads radially outwardly. The recess 13a is closed with a cover 14.
In order to avoid the leaking of gases through the slits 12 which form when detonating the propelling charge 2, there is further provided an intermediate plate 15 which is also inserted underneath the carrying plate 13 through the slit 12, wherein the carrying plate 13 is lifted contrary to the slit 12 so that gases cannot leak trough it. The handling of the intermediate plate 15 is carried out via a handle in the form of a ring 16 which extends therefrom through the slit 12. In order to more easily insert the intermediate plate 15 into the tube, a wedge-shaped slope can be provided on the side opposite to the handle 16.
In this embodiment the explosive cartridge 3 and the propelling charge 2 can be transported independently of each other wherein they are inserted into the tube 1 when preparing the apparatus for triggering avalanches.
Different amounts of propelling charges can be used with different sizes of the recess 13a, whereby different throw width can be reached. ~lternatively, prefabricated propelling charges 2 with different sizes can be inserted into the recess 13a of the carrying plate 13.
Since the carrying plate 13 and the intermediate plate 15 are reusable, they can be manufactured from non-rotting material, for example also from sheet metal.
The mode of operation of this apparatus is as follows:
Such an apparatus or a set with a multiplicity of such apparatus is installed at the edge of a slope or inside a slope in which avalanches are to be triggered. As soon as an electrical impulse is given via the line 25 to the detonator 24 of the propelling charge 2, the propelling charge is detonated whereby the explosive charge 3 is thrown out of the tube 1 through the thrust created thereby. As soon as the explosive charge 3 has moved about a distance which is approximately equal the distance of the puling element 37, the lighting mechanism 35 is activated by the pulling element 37, whereby the fuse 36 is lit. As long as the line 25 is brought along out of the tube 1, it is pulled out of the clamp 26. With the propelling charge 2, the explosive charge 3 is thrown over distances of for example 30 to 250 m into a slope in which an avalanche is to triggered. The explosive charge 3 is detonated as soon as the explosive cartridge 39 is lit via the fuse 36 whereby an avalanche is triggered because of the pressure wave created through this.
Since the lighting mechanism 35 is triggered by the pulling element 37, it is avoided that the explosive charge 3 is detonated within the tube 1 which would destroy the same and which would also lead to the detonation of the explosive charges which are located next to it. The lighting mechanism 35 is triggered with the pulling element 37 only after the explosive charge 3 has left the tube 1.
Then a delay in detonation of for example 120 seconds is effected through the fuse 36 which guarantees that the explosive cartridge 3g is only ignited and that through this the explosive charge 3 is only brought to detonation after it has reached the target area.
In the following there is described a mobile device such apparatus in Figs. 2 and 2a. This device consist of a sledge 4 on which there is arranged a carrying device 5 for a set of apparatus 1 according to the invention. The apparatus 1 are located in a casing 6, which can be closed with lids 61 and 62. The movement of the lids 61 and 62 takes place with actuators. The apparatus 1 are inserted into shells 60 which are adjustably and fastenably arranged opposite the carrying device 5. There is further located a mounting platform 7 below the casing 6 from which the casing 6 can be supplied with a multiplicity of apparatus 1.
The apparatus 1 are further enclosed by lids 63, made for example or plastic foils, in order to prevent a penetration of moisture through which they could become inoperable.
On the sledge 4 there is further located a mast 52 on which a solar panel 51 is attached, the exit of which is put on a battery 54 which is also arranged on the mast 52. A control box is further arranged on the mast 52 on which the exit of a hand control device 55 is connected via a line 56. The control box 53 if further arranged with an antenna 58.
In Figs. 3 and 3a there is further shown such a device which is arranged stationarily.
- CA 02202236 l997-04-09 It is obvious from Figs. 4 and 4a that two actuators 6 are located in the casing 6 through which the lids 61 and 62 are adjustable.
As soon as the explosive charge 3 is to be thrown into an avalanche slope at least one the lids 61 and 62 is moved in its open position and the propelling charge 2 is ignited.
In order to reach different target areas, the carrier 5 can be rotatable by at least an approximately vertical axis.
Furthermore, the shells 60 can be adjustable and fastenable in their angular position contrary to the carrying device 5. The twisting of the carrying device 5 and the adjustment of the angular position of the tube 1 can take place mechanically vi2 a control line or by radio. Furthermore, different throw widths can be achieved by differently dimensioned propelling charges 2.
Since the apparatus according to the invention are arranged in the casing 6 which is lockable by lids 61 and 62, they are protected against weather influences and unauthorized manipulations. The adjustment of the lids 61 and 62 can also be carried out by remote control. The call back device 40 prevents that the pulling elements 37 reach the area of the lids 61 and 62 after they have been separated from the lighting mechanism 35, whereby their function could be - CA 02202236 l997-04-09 hindered. The energy necessary for operating the device is provided by the battery 54 which is recharged by the solar panel 51. Alternatively, this device can be supplied with energy via electrical lines.
Apparatus according to the invention can, for example, also be mounted on ski-run devices. The triggering of the propelling charges 2 can be directly effected on the carrying device or via a control line. A receiver can furthermore be provided on the carrying device, whereby a triggering can also be effected by radio control.
Such stationary or mobile devices can be equipped with 30 tubes 1, into which explosive cartridges 10 or lOa have been inserted.
The apparatus can either be brought into the alpine area at the onset of winter whereby they would be at disposal during the winter or they could also be brought into the area during the winter. As far as there is a necessity, a supplementing with explosive cartridges 10 or lOa can be arranged. Since the tubes 1 are kept in the shells 60, the explosive cartridges 10 or lOa can be inserted into the tubes 1 at any location and only the tubes 1 which contain the explosive cartridges 10 or lOa have to be inserted into the shells 60. The entire device is ready for operation as CA 02202236 l997-04-09 soon as the control lines 25 are connected to the clamps 26.
An apparatus according to the invention consists of a tube 1 which is open on one end in which an explosive cartridge 10 is inserted which is attached to the bottom 11 of the tube 1 and which contains a propelling charge 2 and an explosive charge 3. The explosive cartridge 10 has a tube-like casing 21 which is closed at its lower end via a cap 22 and on its upper end via a cap 23. The propelling charge 2 is located in the area of the lower cap 22. A plate 20 is attached thereto onto which the explosive charge 3 is attached. The propelling charge 2 further contains a detonator 24 which is connected to a clamp 26 via an electrical line 25.
The explosive charge 3 also consist of a tube-like casing 31, which is closed at both front areas with caps 32 and 33 and which is filled with an explosive 34. A lighting mechanism 35 is located on the outside of the casing 31 from which a fuse 36 extends which penetrates the closing cap 33 and which ends in an explosive cartridge 39 which is arranged in the explosive 34. The lighting mechanism 35 has a pulling element 37 which is attached at a bolt 38 or the like which extends out of the casing 1. The pulling element 37 is further attached to a repelling device in the form of a tension spring 40.
The tube 1 is made of metal, as for example sheet-metal or aluminum. Contrary to this the plates 20 and the casing 31 of the explosive charge 3 are made of material which will rot due to weather influences, as for example cardboard, paper-mâché or a wood solid solution. Such an explosive 34 is located in the casing 31 which is not triggered even through very low temperatures. On the outside of the casing 31 there if further arranged a reflector 30 which serves to more easily locate explosive charges 3 which have not been effective due to misfires.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. la, the explosive cartridge 10a consist of a tube 31, wherein the cap 32 has a recess 32a on the side which is attached to the bottom 11 of the tube 1 in which the propelling charge 2 is inserted and held via gluing, for example.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. lb, the case of the tube 1 close to the bottom 11 is arranged with a slit 12 through which a carrying plate 13 can be laterally pushed into the tube 1 which forms a receiver for the propelling charge 2.
The line 25 which leads to the connection clap 26 thereby intersperses a further slit 12a. The plate 13 has a recess 13a on its side which faces the explosive charge 3, into which the powder material of the propelling charge 2 is filled. From the recess 13a a duct, in which the line 25 is led, leads radially outwardly. The recess 13a is closed with a cover 14.
In order to avoid the leaking of gases through the slits 12 which form when detonating the propelling charge 2, there is further provided an intermediate plate 15 which is also inserted underneath the carrying plate 13 through the slit 12, wherein the carrying plate 13 is lifted contrary to the slit 12 so that gases cannot leak trough it. The handling of the intermediate plate 15 is carried out via a handle in the form of a ring 16 which extends therefrom through the slit 12. In order to more easily insert the intermediate plate 15 into the tube, a wedge-shaped slope can be provided on the side opposite to the handle 16.
In this embodiment the explosive cartridge 3 and the propelling charge 2 can be transported independently of each other wherein they are inserted into the tube 1 when preparing the apparatus for triggering avalanches.
Different amounts of propelling charges can be used with different sizes of the recess 13a, whereby different throw width can be reached. ~lternatively, prefabricated propelling charges 2 with different sizes can be inserted into the recess 13a of the carrying plate 13.
Since the carrying plate 13 and the intermediate plate 15 are reusable, they can be manufactured from non-rotting material, for example also from sheet metal.
The mode of operation of this apparatus is as follows:
Such an apparatus or a set with a multiplicity of such apparatus is installed at the edge of a slope or inside a slope in which avalanches are to be triggered. As soon as an electrical impulse is given via the line 25 to the detonator 24 of the propelling charge 2, the propelling charge is detonated whereby the explosive charge 3 is thrown out of the tube 1 through the thrust created thereby. As soon as the explosive charge 3 has moved about a distance which is approximately equal the distance of the puling element 37, the lighting mechanism 35 is activated by the pulling element 37, whereby the fuse 36 is lit. As long as the line 25 is brought along out of the tube 1, it is pulled out of the clamp 26. With the propelling charge 2, the explosive charge 3 is thrown over distances of for example 30 to 250 m into a slope in which an avalanche is to triggered. The explosive charge 3 is detonated as soon as the explosive cartridge 39 is lit via the fuse 36 whereby an avalanche is triggered because of the pressure wave created through this.
Since the lighting mechanism 35 is triggered by the pulling element 37, it is avoided that the explosive charge 3 is detonated within the tube 1 which would destroy the same and which would also lead to the detonation of the explosive charges which are located next to it. The lighting mechanism 35 is triggered with the pulling element 37 only after the explosive charge 3 has left the tube 1.
Then a delay in detonation of for example 120 seconds is effected through the fuse 36 which guarantees that the explosive cartridge 3g is only ignited and that through this the explosive charge 3 is only brought to detonation after it has reached the target area.
In the following there is described a mobile device such apparatus in Figs. 2 and 2a. This device consist of a sledge 4 on which there is arranged a carrying device 5 for a set of apparatus 1 according to the invention. The apparatus 1 are located in a casing 6, which can be closed with lids 61 and 62. The movement of the lids 61 and 62 takes place with actuators. The apparatus 1 are inserted into shells 60 which are adjustably and fastenably arranged opposite the carrying device 5. There is further located a mounting platform 7 below the casing 6 from which the casing 6 can be supplied with a multiplicity of apparatus 1.
The apparatus 1 are further enclosed by lids 63, made for example or plastic foils, in order to prevent a penetration of moisture through which they could become inoperable.
On the sledge 4 there is further located a mast 52 on which a solar panel 51 is attached, the exit of which is put on a battery 54 which is also arranged on the mast 52. A control box is further arranged on the mast 52 on which the exit of a hand control device 55 is connected via a line 56. The control box 53 if further arranged with an antenna 58.
In Figs. 3 and 3a there is further shown such a device which is arranged stationarily.
- CA 02202236 l997-04-09 It is obvious from Figs. 4 and 4a that two actuators 6 are located in the casing 6 through which the lids 61 and 62 are adjustable.
As soon as the explosive charge 3 is to be thrown into an avalanche slope at least one the lids 61 and 62 is moved in its open position and the propelling charge 2 is ignited.
In order to reach different target areas, the carrier 5 can be rotatable by at least an approximately vertical axis.
Furthermore, the shells 60 can be adjustable and fastenable in their angular position contrary to the carrying device 5. The twisting of the carrying device 5 and the adjustment of the angular position of the tube 1 can take place mechanically vi2 a control line or by radio. Furthermore, different throw widths can be achieved by differently dimensioned propelling charges 2.
Since the apparatus according to the invention are arranged in the casing 6 which is lockable by lids 61 and 62, they are protected against weather influences and unauthorized manipulations. The adjustment of the lids 61 and 62 can also be carried out by remote control. The call back device 40 prevents that the pulling elements 37 reach the area of the lids 61 and 62 after they have been separated from the lighting mechanism 35, whereby their function could be - CA 02202236 l997-04-09 hindered. The energy necessary for operating the device is provided by the battery 54 which is recharged by the solar panel 51. Alternatively, this device can be supplied with energy via electrical lines.
Apparatus according to the invention can, for example, also be mounted on ski-run devices. The triggering of the propelling charges 2 can be directly effected on the carrying device or via a control line. A receiver can furthermore be provided on the carrying device, whereby a triggering can also be effected by radio control.
Such stationary or mobile devices can be equipped with 30 tubes 1, into which explosive cartridges 10 or lOa have been inserted.
The apparatus can either be brought into the alpine area at the onset of winter whereby they would be at disposal during the winter or they could also be brought into the area during the winter. As far as there is a necessity, a supplementing with explosive cartridges 10 or lOa can be arranged. Since the tubes 1 are kept in the shells 60, the explosive cartridges 10 or lOa can be inserted into the tubes 1 at any location and only the tubes 1 which contain the explosive cartridges 10 or lOa have to be inserted into the shells 60. The entire device is ready for operation as CA 02202236 l997-04-09 soon as the control lines 25 are connected to the clamps 26.
Claims (15)
1. An apparatus for triggering an avalanche, comprising:
an explosive charge to be propelled into an avalanche slope and detonated therein, said explosive charge comprising an explosive, a detonator disposed in said explosive, and a lighting mechanism for triggering said detonator;
a tube housing said explosive charge, said tube having a given axial length and being closed at one end thereof;
a propelling charge disposed in said tube for propelling said explosive charge from said tube into the avalanche slope; and a pulling element having a length at least equal to the given axial length of said tube, said pulling element connecting said lighting mechanism of said explosive charge to said tube for triggering said lighting mechanism after said explosive charge has been propelled out of said tube.
an explosive charge to be propelled into an avalanche slope and detonated therein, said explosive charge comprising an explosive, a detonator disposed in said explosive, and a lighting mechanism for triggering said detonator;
a tube housing said explosive charge, said tube having a given axial length and being closed at one end thereof;
a propelling charge disposed in said tube for propelling said explosive charge from said tube into the avalanche slope; and a pulling element having a length at least equal to the given axial length of said tube, said pulling element connecting said lighting mechanism of said explosive charge to said tube for triggering said lighting mechanism after said explosive charge has been propelled out of said tube.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said propelling charge is disposed between said one end of said tube and said explosive charge.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said one end of said tube is closed with a removably inserted bottom plate.
4. The apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, which further comprises an explosive cartridge disposed within said tube, said explosive cartridge housing said propelling charge and said explosive charge.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said explosive cartridge has a cylindrical casing in which said propelling charge and said explosive charge are contained.
6. The apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 5, which further comprises a rigid plate disposed between said propelling charge and said explosive charge.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, which further comprises a cylindrical casing in which said explosive charge is disposed, said cylindrical casing being closed with a first cap on a forward end thereof and with a second cap at a bottom end thereof.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said propelling charge is fastened on said second cap.
9. The apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said tube is formed with a lateral slit in vicinity of the one end, and the propelling charge is insertable into said tube through said lateral slit.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9, which further comprises a support plate which is insertable through said lateral slit, said support plate being formed with a recess for receiving said propelling charge.
11. The apparatus according to claim 9, which further comprises an intermediate plate disposed in said tube between said propelling charge and the bottom of said tube.
12. The apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein said explosive charge further comprises a fuse connecting said detonator to said lighting mechanism.
13. The apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 12, including a bolt disposed on said tube, said lighting mechanism being connected to said bolt via said pulling element.
14. The apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 13, which further comprises a terminal disposed on an exterior of said tube, and an electrical line leading from said terminal to said propelling charge.
15. The apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 14, which further comprises a plastic foil covering said tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2202236 CA2202236C (en) | 1996-04-10 | 1997-04-09 | Apparatus for triggering an avalanche or the like |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0064196A AT407576B (en) | 1996-04-10 | 1996-04-10 | DEVICE FOR RELEASING AN AVALANCHE OR THE LIKE. |
| ATA641/96 | 1996-04-10 | ||
| CA 2202236 CA2202236C (en) | 1996-04-10 | 1997-04-09 | Apparatus for triggering an avalanche or the like |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2202236A1 CA2202236A1 (en) | 1997-10-10 |
| CA2202236C true CA2202236C (en) | 2003-06-03 |
Family
ID=25593439
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2202236 Expired - Fee Related CA2202236C (en) | 1996-04-10 | 1997-04-09 | Apparatus for triggering an avalanche or the like |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2202236C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2287559A2 (en) | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-23 | Geräte- und Vorrichtungsbau Spitzner OHG | Device and method for triggering avalanches |
-
1997
- 1997-04-09 CA CA 2202236 patent/CA2202236C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2287559A2 (en) | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-23 | Geräte- und Vorrichtungsbau Spitzner OHG | Device and method for triggering avalanches |
| DE102009037705B4 (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2014-03-27 | Geräte- und Vorrichtungsbau Spitzner OHG | Method and device for triggering avalanches |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2202236A1 (en) | 1997-10-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20170410 |