CA2199850A1 - Method of electrochemical machining by bipolar current pulses - Google Patents
Method of electrochemical machining by bipolar current pulsesInfo
- Publication number
- CA2199850A1 CA2199850A1 CA002199850A CA2199850A CA2199850A1 CA 2199850 A1 CA2199850 A1 CA 2199850A1 CA 002199850 A CA002199850 A CA 002199850A CA 2199850 A CA2199850 A CA 2199850A CA 2199850 A1 CA2199850 A1 CA 2199850A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- voltage
- electrode
- pulses
- gap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000256844 Apis mellifera Species 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100400378 Mus musculus Marveld2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-fluorophenyl)-methyl-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)silane;methyl n-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1.C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)(C)CN1C=NC=N1 VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
- B23H3/02—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H2300/00—Power source circuits or energization
- B23H2300/10—Pulsed electrochemical machining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H2300/00—Power source circuits or energization
- B23H2300/10—Pulsed electrochemical machining
- B23H2300/12—Positive and negative pulsed electrochemical machining
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S204/00—Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
- Y10S204/09—Wave forms
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU95112271 | 1995-07-18 | ||
| RU95112271 | 1995-07-18 | ||
| EP96200881 | 1996-04-01 | ||
| EP96200881 | 1996-04-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2199850A1 true CA2199850A1 (en) | 1997-02-06 |
Family
ID=26142664
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002199850A Abandoned CA2199850A1 (en) | 1995-07-18 | 1996-07-09 | Method of electrochemical machining by bipolar current pulses |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5833835A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0787056B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP4148993B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR100407873B1 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN1082860C (enExample) |
| AR (1) | AR002859A1 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR9606518A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2199850A1 (enExample) |
| CZ (1) | CZ81397A3 (enExample) |
| DE (2) | DE787056T1 (enExample) |
| EA (1) | EA000069B1 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2153110T3 (enExample) |
| HU (1) | HUP9800265A3 (enExample) |
| MY (1) | MY132232A (enExample) |
| PL (1) | PL184299B1 (enExample) |
| UA (1) | UA29511C2 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1997003781A2 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (55)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4334025B2 (ja) * | 1998-03-27 | 2009-09-16 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | ひげ剃り器 |
| HUP0002857A3 (en) | 1998-04-06 | 2003-11-28 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Method of and arrangement for electrochemical machining |
| US6402931B1 (en) * | 1998-05-18 | 2002-06-11 | Faraday Technology Marketing Group, Llc | Electrochemical machining using modulated reverse electric fields |
| US6139715A (en) * | 1998-11-02 | 2000-10-31 | General Electric Company | Electrochemical deburring or radiusing |
| DE19900173C1 (de) * | 1999-01-05 | 2000-05-31 | Max Planck Gesellschaft | Verfahren zur elektrochemischen Materialbearbeitung |
| GB9925024D0 (en) * | 1999-10-23 | 1999-12-22 | Ultra Systems Limited | Electrochemical machining |
| EA005146B1 (ru) * | 2000-04-18 | 2004-12-30 | Конинклейке Филипс Электроникс Н.В. | Способ управления процессом электрохимической обработки |
| US6447663B1 (en) * | 2000-08-01 | 2002-09-10 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Programmable nanometer-scale electrolytic metal deposition and depletion |
| GB2372041B (en) * | 2000-09-23 | 2004-12-01 | Univ Cambridge Tech | Electrochemical surface treatment of metals and metallic alloys |
| DE10119649A1 (de) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-10-24 | Dirk Schekulin | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur elektrochemisch materialabtragenden Werkstückbearbeitung |
| WO2002090029A1 (en) | 2001-05-08 | 2002-11-14 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method for a removal of cathode depositions by means of bipolar pulses |
| US20030075455A1 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2003-04-24 | Cambridge University Technical Services Ltd. | Electrochemical treatment of metals |
| WO2003090962A1 (en) | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-06 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | A method, an apparatus,a control system and a computer program to perform an automatic removal of cathode depositions during a bi polar electrochemical machining |
| WO2003099498A1 (en) * | 2002-05-23 | 2003-12-04 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | A method and an arrangement to determine a running value of the gap during the electrochemical machining |
| RU2281838C2 (ru) * | 2002-11-11 | 2006-08-20 | ООО "Компания Новотэч" | Способ биполярной электрохимической обработки |
| DE102004030762A1 (de) * | 2004-06-25 | 2006-01-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ventilkörpers für ein Kraftstoffventil |
| DE102004057527B4 (de) * | 2004-11-29 | 2007-06-21 | Carl Johannes Fruth | Verfahren zum elektro-chemischen Bearbeiten eines Werkstücks und Elektrode für ein solches Verfahren |
| DE102005005095A1 (de) * | 2005-02-04 | 2006-08-10 | Höllmüller Maschinenbau GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur elektrochemischen Behandlung von Bauteilen in Durchlaufanlagen |
| DE102005014598A1 (de) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-05 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Bauteilen mit einer dreidimensional geformten Oberfläche |
| ATE380621T1 (de) * | 2005-04-18 | 2007-12-15 | Wilhelm Mahler | Verfahren und schaltanordnung zur elektrochemischen metallbearbeitung |
| US20080099343A1 (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-01 | Thomas William Brew | Electrochemical machining method and apparatus |
| US20090065998A1 (en) | 2007-09-11 | 2009-03-12 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Finisher, image forming apparatus and sheet conveying method |
| MD3974C2 (ro) * | 2008-01-23 | 2010-06-30 | Павел ТОПАЛА | Procedeu de durificare a suprafeţelor metalice prin descărcări electrice |
| DE102008012596B4 (de) | 2008-03-05 | 2013-06-06 | Maschinenfabrik Köppern GmbH & Co KG | Kontinuierliches Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur elektrolytischen Bearbeitung von metallischen Werkstücken |
| MD3991G2 (ro) * | 2008-06-24 | 2010-07-31 | Институт Прикладной Физики Академии Наук Молдовы | Electrod-sculă pentru prelucrarea electrochimică dimensională |
| MD4005C2 (ro) * | 2008-10-30 | 2010-08-31 | Институт Прикладной Физики Академии Наук Молдовы | Electrod-sculă şi procedeu pentru prelucrarea electrochimică dimensională |
| MD3970C2 (ro) * | 2008-12-23 | 2010-05-31 | Институт Прикладной Физики Академии Наук Молдовы | Procedeu de identificare a obiectului electroconductor |
| MD225Z (ro) * | 2009-06-22 | 2011-01-31 | Институт Прикладной Физики Академии Наук Молдовы | Regulator electronic al spaţiului dintre electrozi pentru prelucrarea prin electrocorodare |
| US20110017608A1 (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2011-01-27 | Faraday Technology, Inc. | Electrochemical etching and polishing of conductive substrates |
| MD327Z (ro) * | 2010-03-23 | 2011-08-31 | Институт Прикладной Физики Академии Наук Молдовы | Procedeu de identificare a obiectului electroconductor cilindric cav şi electrod-sculă pentru aplicarea imaginii individuale prin metoda electrochimică |
| CN101961805B (zh) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-12-28 | 浙江工业大学 | 异形截面深小孔机械振动电解加工装置 |
| RU2456138C1 (ru) * | 2011-01-12 | 2012-07-20 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Есм" | Способ электрохимической обработки |
| RU2465992C2 (ru) * | 2010-12-02 | 2012-11-10 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Есм" | Способ импульсной электрохимической обработки |
| RU2465991C2 (ru) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-11-10 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Есм" | Способ электрохимической обработки |
| MD416Z (ro) * | 2011-01-18 | 2012-04-30 | Институт Прикладной Физики Академии Наук Молдовы | Procedeu de activare electrochimică a suprafeţei aliajelor dure cu conţinut de wolfram pentru lipire la temperatură joasă (variante) |
| RU2465993C2 (ru) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-11-10 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Есм" | СПОСОБ ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ ТВЕРДЫХ WC-Co СПЛАВОВ |
| MD439Z (ro) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-06-30 | Институт Прикладной Физики Академии Наук Молдовы | Regulator electronic al spaţiului dintre electrozi pentru prelucrarea prin electroeroziune |
| EA033684B1 (ru) | 2011-11-14 | 2019-11-15 | Spc Sunflower Plastic Compound Gmbh | Биокомпозит на основе кожуры или шелухи семян подсолнечника |
| WO2014011074A1 (ru) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-16 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Есм" | Способ электрохимической обработки |
| CN102814562B (zh) * | 2012-08-27 | 2015-08-12 | 大连工业大学 | 离散悬浮阴极电化学加工装置 |
| CN104028862B (zh) * | 2014-05-06 | 2017-02-22 | 张家港华宝机械制造有限公司 | 一种钛合金细长轴的电解加工方法及加工设备 |
| EP3263264A4 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2018-11-14 | The University of Tokyo | Electrochemical machining device and electrochemical machining method |
| CN104708132B (zh) * | 2015-04-07 | 2017-11-21 | 海安欣凯富机械科技有限公司 | 基于双峰脉冲电流电化学复合机械的分齿式齿轮齿面光整加工方法 |
| US10357839B1 (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2019-07-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method for electrochemical machining using sympathetic waveform interactions |
| SG11202005062SA (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2020-06-29 | Alligant Scientific Llc | Electrochemical methods, devices and compositions |
| RU2707672C2 (ru) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-11-28 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью Научно-Производственное Объединение "Станкостроение" | Способ электроэрозионно-химической прошивки отверстий малого диаметра и устройство для его осуществления |
| FR3083999B1 (fr) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-06-26 | Thermocompact | Procede et dispositif de prevention des ruptures de fil electrode lors d'un usinage par etincelage erosif |
| CN109332826B (zh) * | 2018-10-23 | 2020-10-16 | 广东工业大学 | 一种电解液贴壁直喷加工间隙的电解铣削新方法及其装置 |
| US11442098B2 (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2022-09-13 | Teradyne, Inc. | Generating a waveform based on digital pulses |
| EP3993941A4 (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2024-11-20 | Voxel Innovations, Inc. | OSCILLATORY PULSED ELECTROCHEMICAL MACHINING PROCESSES AND APPARATUS |
| CN110434414B (zh) * | 2019-07-10 | 2020-10-09 | 广东工业大学 | 一种双脉冲变极性同步电解的系统与方法 |
| CN111151831B (zh) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-11-03 | 南方科技大学 | 双极性电解放电加工工件的方法及实施装置 |
| US11965265B1 (en) | 2020-01-30 | 2024-04-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Hybrid electro-processing of a metal workpiece |
| EP3950200B1 (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2023-05-03 | Agie Charmilles SA | Method for high-speed wire cutting |
| CN114871519B (zh) * | 2022-05-04 | 2023-05-09 | 河南理工大学 | 一种电解磨削平面的加工系统与方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1143534A (enExample) * | 1965-03-01 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| CA929891A (en) * | 1968-08-07 | 1973-07-10 | Inoue Kiyoshi | Adaptive ion-control system for electrochemical machining |
| DE7330369U (de) * | 1975-07-31 | 1976-03-18 | Languepin, Carel Fouche, Paris | VorrichtUng zur elektrischen Bearbeitung von Werkstücken |
| DE2950998A1 (de) * | 1980-01-09 | 1981-06-25 | Eksperimental'nyj naučno-issledovatel'skij institut metallorežuščich stankov, Moskva | Elektrochemisches bearbeitungsverfahren fuer werkstuecke und einrichtung zu dessen verwirklichung |
| DE3212751A1 (de) * | 1981-04-15 | 1982-12-02 | National Research Development Corp., London | Verfahren und einrichtung zum abtragen von werkstoff von einem elektrisch leitenden werkstueck |
| JPS6150714A (ja) * | 1984-08-21 | 1986-03-13 | Inoue Japax Res Inc | 放電加工用電源装置 |
| SU1440636A1 (ru) * | 1987-01-05 | 1988-11-30 | Институт Прикладной Физики Ан Мсср | Способ электрохимической обработки металлов бипол рным током |
| EP0314498B1 (en) * | 1987-10-30 | 1993-03-17 | Shizuoka Seiki Co. Ltd. | Electrolytic finishing method |
| DE3869110D1 (de) * | 1988-01-11 | 1992-04-16 | Shizuoka Seiki Co Ltd | Fertigbearbeitungsmethode, die ein elektrochemisches verfahren benutzt und elektrochemische fertigbearbeitungsmaschine. |
| KR910018111A (ko) * | 1990-04-26 | 1991-11-30 | 시기 모리야 | 전해가공방법 및 전해가공장치 |
-
1996
- 1996-07-09 KR KR1019970701749A patent/KR100407873B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-09 DE DE0787056T patent/DE787056T1/de active Pending
- 1996-07-09 JP JP50647697A patent/JP4148993B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-09 CN CN96191039A patent/CN1082860C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-09 CZ CZ97813A patent/CZ81397A3/cs unknown
- 1996-07-09 DE DE69610611T patent/DE69610611T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-09 BR BR9606518A patent/BR9606518A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-07-09 EP EP96918814A patent/EP0787056B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-09 PL PL96319277A patent/PL184299B1/pl unknown
- 1996-07-09 WO PCT/IB1996/000661 patent/WO1997003781A2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-07-09 CA CA002199850A patent/CA2199850A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-07-09 UA UA97041836A patent/UA29511C2/xx unknown
- 1996-07-09 ES ES96918814T patent/ES2153110T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-09 EA EA199700042A patent/EA000069B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-07-09 HU HU9800265A patent/HUP9800265A3/hu unknown
- 1996-07-12 US US08/679,025 patent/US5833835A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-16 MY MYPI96002926A patent/MY132232A/en unknown
- 1996-07-17 AR AR10361296A patent/AR002859A1/es unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CZ81397A3 (en) | 1997-11-12 |
| DE69610611D1 (de) | 2000-11-16 |
| EP0787056A2 (en) | 1997-08-06 |
| EA199700042A1 (ru) | 1997-12-30 |
| JPH10505798A (ja) | 1998-06-09 |
| WO1997003781A3 (en) | 1997-03-13 |
| DE69610611T2 (de) | 2001-05-23 |
| KR970706097A (ko) | 1997-11-03 |
| AR002859A1 (es) | 1998-04-29 |
| UA29511C2 (en) | 2000-11-15 |
| PL184299B1 (pl) | 2002-09-30 |
| ES2153110T3 (es) | 2001-02-16 |
| US5833835A (en) | 1998-11-10 |
| HUP9800265A3 (en) | 2000-03-28 |
| HUP9800265A2 (hu) | 1998-06-29 |
| DE787056T1 (de) | 2000-03-02 |
| BR9606518A (pt) | 1997-12-23 |
| CN1082860C (zh) | 2002-04-17 |
| KR100407873B1 (ko) | 2004-03-26 |
| MY132232A (en) | 2007-09-28 |
| EA000069B1 (ru) | 1998-06-25 |
| WO1997003781A2 (en) | 1997-02-06 |
| CN1165493A (zh) | 1997-11-19 |
| PL319277A1 (en) | 1997-08-04 |
| JP4148993B2 (ja) | 2008-09-10 |
| MX9701932A (es) | 1997-07-31 |
| EP0787056B1 (en) | 2000-10-11 |
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