CA2194146A1 - Rescuing system for evacuation from high building constructions - Google Patents
Rescuing system for evacuation from high building constructionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2194146A1 CA2194146A1 CA 2194146 CA2194146A CA2194146A1 CA 2194146 A1 CA2194146 A1 CA 2194146A1 CA 2194146 CA2194146 CA 2194146 CA 2194146 A CA2194146 A CA 2194146A CA 2194146 A1 CA2194146 A1 CA 2194146A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- rope
- housing
- pulley
- rescue system
- accordance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
- A62B1/08—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
- A62B1/10—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys mechanically operated
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
- Magnetic Heads (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A rope housing (1) with a suspension hole (2) and a space (3) for a mechanism where a pulley (5) with a V-groove (8) having a corrugated surface is fixed to a centre axis (6) by help of a locking pin (7). A rope (9) is threaded through an opening (4) in the rope housing (1), over the pulley (5) and out again through the opening (4). Each extremity of the rope (9) has a harness (S1, S2) attached to it to carry a person. The rope (9) is prolonged between the harnesses so as to form an uninterrupted loop. A fastening bracket (11) is provided to suspend the rope housing (1) to a wall or a hook.
Description
~ WO96101136 71 9~ ~ 4 6 r~ >1 ? s Rescuing system for evacuation from high building construction~
The present invention relates to a rescue system for use when evacuating high buildings or the like. The rescue system consists of a rope and a lowering , a fastening device to the building, and a housing.
In case of fire in high buildings from which escape may be ~Jlul/lellldli., due to the height, means of escape cam be provided either by ladders put up by people outside the buildmg, or ladder trucks, or ladders mounted on the building itself, and which can be released from the desired height by the people preparing to evacuate the building. Another common piece of equipment is a rescue rope consistmg of a lowering ' a harness which the person cam slip into, and a suspension system. This type of rescue rope is normally hanging on a hook by a window on the inside of the building, amd it can be let out of the window when needed.
Norwegian Patents 24,690, 41,639 and 43,650 give the description of lowering .,.~ ' for rescue ropes consisting of a friction pulley in which the rescue rope runs. Thereafter, the rope runs between several smaller guide pulleys placed on a board which is itself positioned so as to move around a shaft, and thus effect a controDed swing motion. The board and the friction pulley are arranged m such a manner that the friction pulley will stop a number of times per rotation. This confers mertia to the system and acts as the necessary friction and brake mechanism for the system. Such devices comprise a large number of moving parts which are expected to function when needed in a rescue situation, even after long storage when not in use. They require ,~ and are entirely deprived of a mechanism which could provide friction as a function of weight. Only some of those devices feature the possibility of lowering people alternately from both ends 3û of the rope.
The present invention relates to a rescue system for use when evacuating high buildings or the like. The rescue system consists of a rope and a lowering , a fastening device to the building, and a housing.
In case of fire in high buildings from which escape may be ~Jlul/lellldli., due to the height, means of escape cam be provided either by ladders put up by people outside the buildmg, or ladder trucks, or ladders mounted on the building itself, and which can be released from the desired height by the people preparing to evacuate the building. Another common piece of equipment is a rescue rope consistmg of a lowering ' a harness which the person cam slip into, and a suspension system. This type of rescue rope is normally hanging on a hook by a window on the inside of the building, amd it can be let out of the window when needed.
Norwegian Patents 24,690, 41,639 and 43,650 give the description of lowering .,.~ ' for rescue ropes consisting of a friction pulley in which the rescue rope runs. Thereafter, the rope runs between several smaller guide pulleys placed on a board which is itself positioned so as to move around a shaft, and thus effect a controDed swing motion. The board and the friction pulley are arranged m such a manner that the friction pulley will stop a number of times per rotation. This confers mertia to the system and acts as the necessary friction and brake mechanism for the system. Such devices comprise a large number of moving parts which are expected to function when needed in a rescue situation, even after long storage when not in use. They require ,~ and are entirely deprived of a mechanism which could provide friction as a function of weight. Only some of those devices feature the possibility of lowering people alternately from both ends 3û of the rope.
2 1 94 ~ 46 WO96/01136 P~ ,5.'~ 121 o In yet other devices currently available, the rescue rope runs over a puOey.
A rotating arm presses the rope against the puUey and thus provides the desired S braking effect. The arm also acts as suspension system between the building and the lowering . ' , and is designed in such a manner that the weight of the person being rescued provides the required braking moment. Such devices are described in Norwegian Patent 35,095 and in U.S. Patent 659,093. Those devices also require to ensure reliable working order in an emergency after 10 long storage when not in use. Those lowering ' allow rescue at one end of the rope only.
In Norwegian Patent 168,807 a solution was proposed, reducing the number of moving parts to one single friction pulley in which the rescue rope runs.
The friction pulley has a large diameter centre hole. A circular knob is provided in 15 the centre hole, and a .,u~ r ' . knob is provided on the outer edge of the friction pulley so that the pulley slides like a flat ring between the knobs. Before and atter rumling over the friction pulley, thc rescue rope is threaded between two other knobs placed under the puOey in such a way that a vertical line drawn through the centre of the knob positioned inside the centre hole will pass between 20 the two knobs placed under the pulley. When a force is exerted on one end of the rope, the effect of the large centre hole of the pulley relative to the diarneter of the knob around which it rotates wiO create a force which causes the puOey to rotateand press against the two knobs under it. This action provides a braking force.
However, this device is also composed of moving parts, and is 25 required to keep it in working order at all times. With this device, the rope must be drawn up again before a new person can be lowered. Rescue ropes of this type have therefore a reduced capacity in an emergency.
The t~,ullJ~,laLul~" inside and outside a building being rarely equal and the air having different humidity content, airing the bedroom will cause r~"~
30 to occur on the friction parts of the device mentioned. This wiO result in corrosion ~ WO96101136 ~ 1 9 ~ 3 ~ 6 p~ s~ cl~l and reduce the mobility of the pulley, with the subsequent risk of jamming when in use, and the person being rescued remaining hanging against the wali and unable to get down. Another factor to be taken into account is that the person who uses a rescue rope of the type proposed in NO-168,807 must hold the opposite part of the rope to be able to slow down their descent with their hands. Letting go means ending up in free fali towards the groumd. The device is therefore relatively difficult to use, and the purpose of such a rescue rope is defeated. The corrosion risk insuch devices argues in disfavour of the use of moving parts in rescue rope systems.
One object of the present invention is to provide a complete rescue system with a secure mounting to the building, free storage after "
and a reiiable lowering and braking function. It is a further object of the present invention to combine a free device with the possibiiity of iowering people aiternately at both ends of the rope for optimum capacity.
This is achieved with a rope housmg in which a pulley is mounted and held fixed by a locking pin. The pulley is aiso fixed in relation to a rope which is threaded into the rope housing, over the pulley, and out again through am opening, and where the incoming and outgomg lengths of rope through the wails of the ropehousing are ~ parailel.
Further details of this invention will become apparent from the following description of an e ~ - " of the invention.
Fig. I is a cross-sectional view of the lowering and braking, ' Fig. 2 is a cross-sectionai view of the same mechanism taken aiong the iine A-A of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 iiiustrates the principle of a loop rope between harnesses.
Fig. 4a is a front view of the fastening bracket for the rope housing.
. Fig. 4b is a cross-sectionai view of the fastening bracket of Fig. 4a.
This invention is composed of a rope housing I containing a braking ' ~ The rope housing I acts also as suspension device for the entire 5 system, its upper extremity being provided with a suspension hole 2 which is used to suspend the device of this invention to a wall.
Inside the rope housing 1, a space 3 for the mechanism is provided, having am upper part of a semi-circular shape and a lower part ~ in the shape of a rect~mgle. In the side of the rectangle which is furthest removed from the 10 suspension hole 2, an opening 4 is provided p~ di~,ulol to that side. Inside the space 3 for the ' , a circular pulley 5 is provided, the centre axis 6 of which is part of the rope housing I . A locking pin 7 is placed between the pulley 5 and the centre axis 6 to prevent the pulley S from rotating.
The pulley 5 is designed with a V-groove 8 in which a rope 9 lies. The 15 surface of the groove 8 is corrugated o} has any other appropriate surface providing the necessary roughness to increase friction. The rope 9 is threaded into the space 3 for the mechanism through the opening 4, runs over the pulley 5, andruns out again through the opening 4 parallel with the incoming length of rope.
The opening 4 is funnel shaped and its inside face can be provided with a rough 20 surface. Moreover, the narrowest end of the r ~ ~ap~rl opening has such a diameter that the incoming and outgoing lengths of the rope 9 will be somewhat squeezed together, amd a further friction effect is therefore obtained in addition to the friction between the rope 9 and the pulley 5, thus giving further braking effect.
When one end of the rope 9 outside the rope housing I is pulled down, or 25 when it is weighed down by a person evacuatirig the building, the rope will slide down into the groove 8 amd the friction between the side walls of the groove amdthe rope 9 will determine how deep down the groove 8 the rope 9 will slide.
The force with which the rope 9 is being pulled upon determines the depth of the rope 9 inside the groove. A friction mechanism is therefore obtained where 30 the amount of friction is determined by the person's weight, and the velocity of descent will be the same for any person, regardless of their weight.
~ WO96/01136 2~ 94 1 46 PCI/N09S~00121 When a person has reached the ground with the help of the rope 9, the next person cam use the other end of the rope to lower themselves. The device of the 5 present invention can therefore be used at optimal capacity when a harness is attached at each end of the rope 9.
The device of the present invention also offers the possibility of attaching a baby harness or a carrying bag for babies to the adult harness, thus rncreasing the capacity.
The device of the present invention comprises no moving part requiring to ensure reliable function.
Fgure 3 shows the principle by which the rope 9 is prolonged between harness Sl and harness S2 to give a person lowering himself or herself in one ofthe harnesses the possibility to regulate and decrease their speed of descent by15 holdrng the rope on the opposite side of the pulley 5. Holding the opposite extremity of the rope 9 will cause the rope 9 to slide deeper into the groove 8 of the pulley 5 and thus incrcase the braking effect.
Figure 2 iDustrates also a housing cover 10 placed in front of the rope housing 1, covering the pulley 5, and slightly wider than the rope housing 1. The 20 wider edges are used to attach the outer cover so that the rescue system becomes a closed unit.
As illustrated rn figure 1, a suspension hole 2 is provided in the rope housing 1. This aDows the rope housing I to be connected to a fastening bracket 11 illustrated on figures 4a and 4b. A COI~t~lJUlll].llg rope housing hoie 12 is25 provided in the lower half of the fastenmg bracket 11. Such a comnection permits the rope housmg I to effect a sideways swinging motion about the suspension point for the fastening bracket 11.
The upper half of the fastening bracket 11 has several types of holes for mounting the bracket itself and the rescue system to a wall or the like. The 30 mounting holes 13 are provided for mounting the fastening bracket 11 to a timber wall or structure. The position ofthe mounting holes 13 relative to one another 2 ~ 94 1 46 prevents the timber from splitting during mounting, as a vertical alignment of the holes is thus avoided.
The central fastening hole 14 is used to suspend the rescue system from a hook when such a hook is available.
The upper and the lower halves of the fastening bracket 11 are positioned in such a manner that they stand each in their individual plane, both planes being parallel to each other. These planes are also ~ , parallel to the plane of any wall on which the rescue system may be mounted.
A rotating arm presses the rope against the puUey and thus provides the desired S braking effect. The arm also acts as suspension system between the building and the lowering . ' , and is designed in such a manner that the weight of the person being rescued provides the required braking moment. Such devices are described in Norwegian Patent 35,095 and in U.S. Patent 659,093. Those devices also require to ensure reliable working order in an emergency after 10 long storage when not in use. Those lowering ' allow rescue at one end of the rope only.
In Norwegian Patent 168,807 a solution was proposed, reducing the number of moving parts to one single friction pulley in which the rescue rope runs.
The friction pulley has a large diameter centre hole. A circular knob is provided in 15 the centre hole, and a .,u~ r ' . knob is provided on the outer edge of the friction pulley so that the pulley slides like a flat ring between the knobs. Before and atter rumling over the friction pulley, thc rescue rope is threaded between two other knobs placed under the puOey in such a way that a vertical line drawn through the centre of the knob positioned inside the centre hole will pass between 20 the two knobs placed under the pulley. When a force is exerted on one end of the rope, the effect of the large centre hole of the pulley relative to the diarneter of the knob around which it rotates wiO create a force which causes the puOey to rotateand press against the two knobs under it. This action provides a braking force.
However, this device is also composed of moving parts, and is 25 required to keep it in working order at all times. With this device, the rope must be drawn up again before a new person can be lowered. Rescue ropes of this type have therefore a reduced capacity in an emergency.
The t~,ullJ~,laLul~" inside and outside a building being rarely equal and the air having different humidity content, airing the bedroom will cause r~"~
30 to occur on the friction parts of the device mentioned. This wiO result in corrosion ~ WO96101136 ~ 1 9 ~ 3 ~ 6 p~ s~ cl~l and reduce the mobility of the pulley, with the subsequent risk of jamming when in use, and the person being rescued remaining hanging against the wali and unable to get down. Another factor to be taken into account is that the person who uses a rescue rope of the type proposed in NO-168,807 must hold the opposite part of the rope to be able to slow down their descent with their hands. Letting go means ending up in free fali towards the groumd. The device is therefore relatively difficult to use, and the purpose of such a rescue rope is defeated. The corrosion risk insuch devices argues in disfavour of the use of moving parts in rescue rope systems.
One object of the present invention is to provide a complete rescue system with a secure mounting to the building, free storage after "
and a reiiable lowering and braking function. It is a further object of the present invention to combine a free device with the possibiiity of iowering people aiternately at both ends of the rope for optimum capacity.
This is achieved with a rope housmg in which a pulley is mounted and held fixed by a locking pin. The pulley is aiso fixed in relation to a rope which is threaded into the rope housing, over the pulley, and out again through am opening, and where the incoming and outgomg lengths of rope through the wails of the ropehousing are ~ parailel.
Further details of this invention will become apparent from the following description of an e ~ - " of the invention.
Fig. I is a cross-sectional view of the lowering and braking, ' Fig. 2 is a cross-sectionai view of the same mechanism taken aiong the iine A-A of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 iiiustrates the principle of a loop rope between harnesses.
Fig. 4a is a front view of the fastening bracket for the rope housing.
. Fig. 4b is a cross-sectionai view of the fastening bracket of Fig. 4a.
This invention is composed of a rope housing I containing a braking ' ~ The rope housing I acts also as suspension device for the entire 5 system, its upper extremity being provided with a suspension hole 2 which is used to suspend the device of this invention to a wall.
Inside the rope housing 1, a space 3 for the mechanism is provided, having am upper part of a semi-circular shape and a lower part ~ in the shape of a rect~mgle. In the side of the rectangle which is furthest removed from the 10 suspension hole 2, an opening 4 is provided p~ di~,ulol to that side. Inside the space 3 for the ' , a circular pulley 5 is provided, the centre axis 6 of which is part of the rope housing I . A locking pin 7 is placed between the pulley 5 and the centre axis 6 to prevent the pulley S from rotating.
The pulley 5 is designed with a V-groove 8 in which a rope 9 lies. The 15 surface of the groove 8 is corrugated o} has any other appropriate surface providing the necessary roughness to increase friction. The rope 9 is threaded into the space 3 for the mechanism through the opening 4, runs over the pulley 5, andruns out again through the opening 4 parallel with the incoming length of rope.
The opening 4 is funnel shaped and its inside face can be provided with a rough 20 surface. Moreover, the narrowest end of the r ~ ~ap~rl opening has such a diameter that the incoming and outgoing lengths of the rope 9 will be somewhat squeezed together, amd a further friction effect is therefore obtained in addition to the friction between the rope 9 and the pulley 5, thus giving further braking effect.
When one end of the rope 9 outside the rope housing I is pulled down, or 25 when it is weighed down by a person evacuatirig the building, the rope will slide down into the groove 8 amd the friction between the side walls of the groove amdthe rope 9 will determine how deep down the groove 8 the rope 9 will slide.
The force with which the rope 9 is being pulled upon determines the depth of the rope 9 inside the groove. A friction mechanism is therefore obtained where 30 the amount of friction is determined by the person's weight, and the velocity of descent will be the same for any person, regardless of their weight.
~ WO96/01136 2~ 94 1 46 PCI/N09S~00121 When a person has reached the ground with the help of the rope 9, the next person cam use the other end of the rope to lower themselves. The device of the 5 present invention can therefore be used at optimal capacity when a harness is attached at each end of the rope 9.
The device of the present invention also offers the possibility of attaching a baby harness or a carrying bag for babies to the adult harness, thus rncreasing the capacity.
The device of the present invention comprises no moving part requiring to ensure reliable function.
Fgure 3 shows the principle by which the rope 9 is prolonged between harness Sl and harness S2 to give a person lowering himself or herself in one ofthe harnesses the possibility to regulate and decrease their speed of descent by15 holdrng the rope on the opposite side of the pulley 5. Holding the opposite extremity of the rope 9 will cause the rope 9 to slide deeper into the groove 8 of the pulley 5 and thus incrcase the braking effect.
Figure 2 iDustrates also a housing cover 10 placed in front of the rope housing 1, covering the pulley 5, and slightly wider than the rope housing 1. The 20 wider edges are used to attach the outer cover so that the rescue system becomes a closed unit.
As illustrated rn figure 1, a suspension hole 2 is provided in the rope housing 1. This aDows the rope housing I to be connected to a fastening bracket 11 illustrated on figures 4a and 4b. A COI~t~lJUlll].llg rope housing hoie 12 is25 provided in the lower half of the fastenmg bracket 11. Such a comnection permits the rope housmg I to effect a sideways swinging motion about the suspension point for the fastening bracket 11.
The upper half of the fastening bracket 11 has several types of holes for mounting the bracket itself and the rescue system to a wall or the like. The 30 mounting holes 13 are provided for mounting the fastening bracket 11 to a timber wall or structure. The position ofthe mounting holes 13 relative to one another 2 ~ 94 1 46 prevents the timber from splitting during mounting, as a vertical alignment of the holes is thus avoided.
The central fastening hole 14 is used to suspend the rescue system from a hook when such a hook is available.
The upper and the lower halves of the fastening bracket 11 are positioned in such a manner that they stand each in their individual plane, both planes being parallel to each other. These planes are also ~ , parallel to the plane of any wall on which the rescue system may be mounted.
Claims (12)
1. A rescue system for evacuating high buildings, comprising a rope housing (1) in which a pulley (5) is mounted, and where a rope is threaded into the housing (1) through an opening (4), runs over the pulley (5) through a pulley-groove (8), and out again, and where the incoming and outgoing lengths of rope (9) through the walls of the rope housing (1) are approximate-ly parallel running between, characterized by a combination of the following features: that he pulley is fixed in the housing (1), the pulley also being fixed in relation to the rope (9), and that the groove (8) in a manner known per se is provided with a V-shaped form the narrowest part of which being nearest the centre of the pulley (5), and the groove has a rough surface to regulate the friction to the rope sliding.
2. A rescue system of claim 1, characterized in that he pulley is fixed in the housing (1) by means of a locking pin (7)~
3._ A rescue system of claims 1 - 2, characterized in that the pulley (5) is fixed in relation to the opening (4).
4. A rescue system of claim 1, characterized in that the surface roughness of the groove (8) is provided by corrugations.
5. A rescue system in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the opening (4) is funnel shaped and has an inner rough surface while the rope lengths are mechanically pressed together as they pass through part of the funnel shape.
6. A rescue system in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at each end of the rope (9), a harness in an manner known per se is provided to carry a person.
7. A rescue system in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rope (9) is prolonged between the harnesses to become an uninterrupted loop and serves to regulate the speed of descent.
8. A rescue system in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a suspension hole (2) connects the rope housing (1) to a fastening bracket (11), permitting a sideways motion of the housing.
9. A rescue system in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a housing cover (10) is provided to cover the front of the rope housing (1) and is horizontally wider than the rope housing (1) so that the pulley (5) becomes an integral part of the rescue system.
10. A rescue system in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fastening bracket (11) consisting of a lower half provided with a rope housing hole (12) placed so as to communicate with the suspension hole (2) in the rope housing (1), and an upper half provided with holes for fastening to a wall, for example.
11. A rescue system in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening bracket (11) has several fastening holes (13) positioned on a non-vertical line, and a central fastening hole (14).
12. A rescue system in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper and the lower halves of the fastening bracket (11) are positioned in two different vertical and parallel planes, said planes also being approximately parallel with the wall on which the fastening bracket (11) is mounted.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO942512A NO179235C (en) | 1994-07-04 | 1994-07-04 | Life Line |
| NO942512 | 1994-07-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2194146A1 true CA2194146A1 (en) | 1996-01-18 |
Family
ID=19897235
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2194146 Abandoned CA2194146A1 (en) | 1994-07-04 | 1995-07-04 | Rescuing system for evacuation from high building constructions |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2938995A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2194146A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO179235C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996001136A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US751649A (en) * | 1904-02-09 | Chaeles a | ||
| US659093A (en) * | 1900-02-14 | 1900-10-02 | Frederick Ockers | Fire-escape. |
| SE452951B (en) * | 1986-11-24 | 1988-01-04 | Per Klokseth | DEVICE ON A LIFE LINE |
| NO175887C (en) * | 1989-12-20 | 1997-11-25 | Per Klokseth | Apparatus for demolishing persons from buildings and the like. |
-
1994
- 1994-07-04 NO NO942512A patent/NO179235C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-07-04 AU AU29389/95A patent/AU2938995A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-07-04 WO PCT/NO1995/000121 patent/WO1996001136A1/en active Application Filing
- 1995-07-04 CA CA 2194146 patent/CA2194146A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO179235C (en) | 1999-10-11 |
| NO942512D0 (en) | 1994-07-04 |
| NO942512L (en) | 1996-01-05 |
| NO179235B (en) | 1996-05-28 |
| WO1996001136A1 (en) | 1996-01-18 |
| AU2938995A (en) | 1996-01-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |